共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Fuko MATSUDA-MINEHATA Akihisa MAEDA Yuan CHENG Takafumi SAI Hiroshi GONDA Yasufumi GOTO Noboru MANABE 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(1):1-10
Several hundred thousand primordial follicles are present in the mammalian ovary, however, only 1% develop to the preovulatory stage and finally ovulate. The remainder will be eliminated via a degenerative process called ‘atresia’. The endocrinological regulatory mechanisms involved in follicular development and atresia have largely been characterized but the precise temporal and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of these events remain unknown. Many recent studies suggest that apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells plays a crucial role in follicular atresia. Notably, death ligand‐receptor interaction and subsequent intracellular signaling have been demonstrated to be the key mechanisms regulating granulosa cell apoptosis. In this review we provide an overview of granulosa cell apoptosis regulated by death ligand‐receptor signaling. The roles of death ligands and receptors [Fas ligand (FasL)]‐Fas, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)‐TNF receptor and TNFα‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL)‐TRAIL receptor (TRAILR)] and intracellular death‐signal mediating molecules (Fas‐associated death domain protein), TNF receptor 1‐associated death domain protein, caspases, apoptotic protease‐activating factor 1, TNFR‐associated factor 2 and cellular FLICE‐like inhibitory protein in granulosa cells are discussed. 相似文献
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N Manabe F Matsuda-Minehata Y Goto A Maeda Y Cheng S Nakagawa N Inoue K Wongpanit H Jin H Gonda J Li 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):268-272
Several hundred thousand primordial follicles are present in the mammalian ovary, however, only a limited number develop to the pre-ovulatory stage, and then finally ovulate. The others, more than 99%, will be eliminated through a degenerative process called 'atresia'. The endocrinological regulatory mechanisms involved in follicular development and atresia have been characterized to a large extent, but the precise temporal and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of these events have remained unknown. From many recent studies, it is suggested that the apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells plays a crucial role in follicular atresia. Notably, death ligand–receptor interaction and subsequent intracellular signalling have been demonstrated to be the key mechanisms regulating granulosa cell apoptosis. In this review, we provide an overview of granulosa cell apoptosis regulated by death ligand–receptor signalling. The roles of death ligands and receptors [Fas ligand (FasL)–Fas, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α–TNF receptor (TNFR), and TNFα-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)–TRAIL receptor (TRAILR)] and intracellular death-signal mediators [Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), TNF receptor 1-associated death domain protein (TRADD), caspases, apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 (Apaf1), TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), and cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP), etc.] in granulosa cells will be discussed. 相似文献
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Regulation mechanism of selective atresia in porcine follicles: regulation of granulosa cell apoptosis during atresia 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Manabe N Goto Y Matsuda-Minehata F Inoue N Maeda A Sakamaki K Miyano T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(5):493-514
More than 99% of follicles undergo a degenerative process known as "atresia", in mammalian ovaries, and only a few follicles ovulate during ovarian follicular development. We have investigated the molecular mechanism of selective follicular atresia in mammalian ovaries, and have reported that follicular selection dominantly depends on granulosa cell apoptosis. However, we have little knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that control apoptotic cell death in granulosa cells during follicle selection. To date, at least five cell death ligand-receptor systems [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and receptors, Fas (also called APO-1/CD95) ligand and receptors, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL; also called APO-2) and receptors, APO-3 ligand and receptors, and PFG-5 ligand and receptors] have been reported in granulosa cells of porcine ovaries. Some cell death ligand-receptor systems have "decoy" receptors, which act as inhibitors of cell death ligand-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells. Moreover, we showed that the porcine granulosa cell is a type II apoptotic cell, which has the mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis-signaling pathway. Briefly, the cell death receptor-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway in granulosa cells has been suggested to be as follows. (1) A cell death ligand binds to the extracellular domain of a cell death receptor, which contains an intracellular death domain (DD). (2) The intracellular DD of the cell death receptor interacts with the DD of the adaptor protein (Fas-associated death domain: FADD) through a homophilic DD interaction. (3) FADD activates an initiator caspase (procaspase-8; also called FLICE), which is a bipartite molecule, containing an N-terminal death effector domain (DED) and a C-terminal DD. (4) Procaspase-8 begins auto-proteolytic cleavage and activation. (5) The auto-activated caspase-8 cleaves Bid protein. (6) The truncated Bid releases cytochrome c from mitochondrion. (7) Cytochrome c and ATP-dependent oligimerization of apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) allows recruitment of procaspase-9 into the apoptosome complex. Activation of procaspase-9 is mediated by means of a conformational change. (8) The activated caspase-9 cleaves downstream effector caspases (caspase-3). (9) Finally, apoptosis is induced. Recently, we found two intracellular inhibitor proteins [cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein short form (cFLIPS) and long form (cFLIPL)], which were strongly expressed in granulosa cells, and they may act as anti-apoptotic/survival factors. Further in vivo and in vitro studies will elucidate the largely unknown molecular mechanisms, e. g. which cell death ligand-receptor system is the dominant factor controlling the granulosa cell apoptosis of selective follicular atresia in mammalian ovaries. If we could elucidate the molecular mechanism of granulosa cell apoptosis (follicular selection), we could accurately diagnose the healthy ovulating follicles and precisely evaluate the oocyte quality. We hope that the mechanism will be clarified and lead to an integrated understanding of the regulation mechanism. 相似文献
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鹅卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡及其与生殖激素间的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用正处于产蛋期的扬州鹅10只，取其卵泡分离颗粒层细胞，用70％乙醇固定后，应用流式细胞术分析颗粒细胞凋亡情况。同时，用连续采血的方法，每3h采血一次，分离血浆，用放射免疫分析法测定血浆促卵泡素（FSH）、促黄体素（LH）、雌激素（Ez）水平，用以分析激素水平与凋亡间的关系。结果表明：（1）无论是健康卵泡还是闭锁卵泡，颗粒细胞90％以上均处于G1期，2％～6％处于G2期，S期比例最小；（2）闭锁卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡率极显著高于健康卵泡（P〈0．01）；（3）随着健康卵泡直径的增加，颗粒细胞的凋亡呈降低趋势；（4）健康组鹅的FSH、E2水平要高于闭锁组，而LH水平要低于闭锁组。 相似文献
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Matsuda F Inoue N Goto Y Maeda A Cheng Y Sakamaki K Manabe N 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(5):314-320
More than 99% of follicles in mammalian ovaries undergo atresia, but the mechanisms regulating the strict selection process are still unclear. Granulosa cell apoptosis is considered the trigger of follicular atresia, which occurs in advance of the death of an oocyte. Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP), a homologue of procaspase-8 (also called FLICE), is an intracellular anti-apoptotic protein. It is expressed in granulosa cells of porcine ovaries, where its levels decreases during follicular atresia. We hypothesized that cFLIP regulates granulosa cell apoptosis by acting as a pro-survival factor. In the present study, to further reveal the function of cFLIP in granulosa cells, we examined the anti-apoptotic mechanism of cFLIP using KGN, a human granulosa tumor cell line. Fas-mediated apoptosis was induced by co-treatment with anti-Fas antibody (CH-11), which acts as an agonist of Fas-ligand, and cycloheximide (CHX). When cFLIP was stably expressed in KGN cells following transfection of an expression vector, the Fas-mediated apoptosis was inhibited. Suppression of cFLIP by small interfering RNA (siRNA) spontaneously induced cell death. Silencing of cFLIP promoted cleavage of procaspase-8, and the cell death caused by cFLIP siRNA was completely blocked by a caspase-8 inhibitor (Z-IETD-FMK), indicating that cFLIP regulates apoptosis in KGN cells by inhibiting cleavage of procaspase-8. In conclusion, cFLIP is an essential pro-survival factor for granulosa cells, and it prevents granulosa cell apoptosis by inhibiting procaspase-8 activation. 相似文献
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Sun YL Zhang J Ping ZG Wang CQ Sun YF Chen L Li XY Li CJ Zhu XL Liu Z Zhang W Zhou X 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(4):601-608
To investigate the causes of the occurrence and persistence of porcine cystic follicles, we evaluated the apoptosis and proliferation of follicular cells in these cysts. Apoptotic frequencies were examined by TUNEL assay and the expression of apoptosis regulators (XIAP, bax, bc1-2 and caspase-3) by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR; cell proliferation activity was evaluated by PCNA immunohistochemistry and proliferation of in vitro cultured granulosa and theca cells. The low apoptotic frequency and weak proliferative activity were found in cystic follicles. Low frequency of apoptosis might be associated with decreased amounts of apoptotic-related factors (bax and caspase-3) and increased amounts of anti-apoptotic factors (XIAP and bcl-2) in cystic follicles. Significantly lower proliferation activity was detected in granulosa and theca cells from cystic follicles, and lesser PCNA-positive cells were found in cystic follicles. Our results indicate that the programmed cell death and cell proliferation system were altered in cystic follicles. The disorder between apoptosis and proliferation was responsible for maintaining a static condition without degeneration, which leads to the long-term persistence of follicles. These findings provide important novel insights into the pathogenesis of follicular cysts in sows. 相似文献
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旨在探究WNT2在绵羊卵泡颗粒细胞（GCs）中的表达及功能。本研究选取4~6月龄健康母羊20只,采集双侧卵巢,免疫组化技术检测WNT2蛋白在卵泡中的表达定位;qRT-PCR及Western blot技术检测其在不同发育阶段卵泡颗粒细胞中的表达差异;siRNA沉默GCs中的 Wnt2基因后,qRT-PCR技术检测Wnt2基因及参与经典WNT信号通路关键基因CTNNB1的相对表达量,并测定GCs凋亡情况。结果表明：1）WNT2蛋白在绵羊卵泡内膜细胞、颗粒细胞以及卵丘细胞内均有表达。2）qRT-PCR及Western blot结果基本一致,均表明Wnt2 mRNA及蛋白在不同发育阶段卵泡颗粒细胞表达差异显著（P<0.05）,且在大卵泡颗粒细胞内表达量显著高于中卵泡颗粒细胞（P<0.05）,中卵泡颗粒细胞内表达量显著高于小卵泡颗粒细胞（P<0.05）。3）基因沉默后,沉默组Wnt2和CTNNB1的表达量均显著低于无义序列siRNA组（NC组）以及空白对照组（P<0.05）,而Wnt2基因沉默组细胞凋亡率显著高于其他两组（P<0.05）。综上表明,WNT2是通过WNT2/CTNNB1信号通路促进绵羊卵泡颗粒细胞生物学功能的。 相似文献
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卵巢是家禽的重要繁殖器官,会产生大量卵泡,而卵泡在生长发育的各个阶段中都可能因为不同因素的调控而发生闭锁,最终导致繁殖性能衰退。颗粒细胞对卵泡的生长发育有重要调控作用,其凋亡会诱导卵泡发生闭锁。诱导颗粒细胞发生凋亡的因素较多,包括激素、细胞因子、氧化应激、线粒体及其他体外因素。颗粒细胞凋亡主要由线粒体途径导致,其涉及到半胱天冬酶（Caspase）家族参与,当线粒体裂解时会释放细胞色素C （Cyt-C）,随后形成凋亡小体激活Caspase-3和Caspase-8,最终激活Caspase-9导致颗粒细胞凋亡;当颗粒细胞发生凋亡,家禽体内卵泡丧失生物功能并且卵泡细胞之间的调控失衡,促使卵泡内卵母细胞和膜细胞凋亡,最终导致卵泡发生闭锁;颗粒细胞在存活状态下所分泌的生长因子、性腺类固醇、细胞因子能减少卵母细胞氧化损伤,防止细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平过高导致的线粒体DNA损伤,从而避免线粒体功能障碍而造成的颗粒细胞凋亡。作者从颗粒细胞凋亡及其影响因素、颗粒细胞凋亡和卵泡闭锁的关系、颗粒细胞凋亡对卵泡闭锁的影响3个方面进行阐述,以期为减少卵泡闭锁、提高家禽繁殖性能提供理论依据。 相似文献
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《Domestic animal endocrinology》1994,11(1):25-34
The objective of the present studies was to determine the effect of cytokines on FSH-induced estrogen production by granulosa cells from small (1–5 mm) and large (≥ 8 mm) bovine follicles. FSH-induced estradiol production by granulosa cells from large follicles (expressed as pg estradiol/105 cells/24 hr) was not affected (P>.05) by 10 or 100 ng/ml of interleukin (IL)-1β, 10 or 100 ng/ml of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) or 100 ng/ml of IL-2. In contrast, 100 ng/ml of IL-1β, IL-2 or TNFα inhibited (P<.05) FSH-induced estradiol production by 31%, 55% or 72%, respectively in cells from small follicles. Interferon-α (IFNα; 100 U/ml) inhibited (P<.05) FSH-induced estradiol production by 61% and 20% in cultures of cells from small and large follicles, respectively. Interferon-β (IFNβ; 100 U/ml), interferon γ (IFNγ; 100 U/ml) and bovine trophoblast protein-1 (bTP-1; 100 U/ml) inhibited (P<.05) estradiol production by 47%, 71% and 28%, respectively in cells from small follicles, but had no effect (P>.05) on FSH-induced estradiol production in cells from large follicles. TNFα binding protein-I blocked (P<.05) the inhibitory effect of TNFα on FSH-induced estradiol production by cells from small follicles. Viability of granulosa cells was not affected (P>.05) by the various cytokines. In summary, cytokines have little or no effect on FSH-induced estradiol production by bovine granulosa cells collected from large follicles, whereas cytokines (bTP-1 ≤ IL-1β < IL-2 = IFNβ < IFNα < IFNγ = TNFα) have potent inhibitory effects on FSH-induced estradiol production by granulosa cells collected from small follicles. Thus, it appears that less differentiated granulosa cells (small follicles) are more responsive to cytokines than are highly differentiated granulosa cells (large follicles). 相似文献
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The aim of the present study was to locate Ski protein, a product of cellular protooncogene c-ski, in rat ovaries in order to predict the possible involvement of Ski in follicular development and atresia. First, expression of c-ski mRNA in the ovaries of adult female rats was confirmed by RT-PCR. Then, ovaries obtained on the day of estrus were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for Ski and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in combination with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL). Ski was expressed in granulosa cells that were positive for TUNEL, but negative for PCNA, regardless of the size of follicles. Expression of Ski in TUNEL-positive granulosa cells, but not in PCNA-positive granulosa cells, was also verified in immature hypophysectomized rats having a single generation of developing and atretic follicles by treatment with equine chorionic gonadotropin. These results indicate that Ski is profoundly expressed in the granulosa cells of atretic follicles, but not in growing follicles, and suggests that Ski plays a role in apoptosis of granulosa cells during follicular atresia. 相似文献
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Angiogenic factors are associated with angiogenesis during follicular development in the mammalian ovary. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationships between the vascular network and mRNA expressions of angiopoietins (Ang)-1, Ang-2 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and their receptors in follicles at different developmental stages during follicular development. Ovaries in gilts were collected 72 h after equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG, 1250 IU) treatment for histological observation of the capillary network. Granulosa cells and thecal tissues in small (<4 mm), medium (4-5 mm) or large (>5 mm) individual follicles were collected for detection of mRNA expression of HGF, Ang-1 and Ang-2 in granulosa cells, and HGF receptor (HGF-R) and Tie-2 in the theca cells by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The number of capillaries in the thecal cell layer increased significantly in healthy follicles at all developmental stages in the eCG group compared with those in controls. The expression of Ang-1 mRNA declined in granulosa cells of medium and large follicles and the level of Ang-2 mRNA increased in granulosa cells of small follicles after eCG treatment. The ratio of Ang-2/Ang-1 increased in small, medium and large follicles from ovaries after eCG treatment, but Tie-2 mRNA expression in the theca cells did not change. The level of HGF mRNA increased in granulosa cells of small follicles after eCG treatment but HGF-R in theca cells was not increased by eCG. These data suggested that the angiopoietins might be associated with thecal angiogenesis during follicular development in eCG-treated gilts. 相似文献