共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
小麦质核互作型雄性不育系线粒体DNA变异性的RAPD分析(英文) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在杂交小麦选育中,为了更好地利用细胞质雄性不育性,研究与不断挖掘新的不育细胞质类型及其对应育性恢复基因以改良现有不育资源至关重要.基于这一目的,本文对具有山羊草属细胞质的四类不育系线粒体DNA(mtDNA)进行了RAPD分析,分别比较了具有同一细胞质背景的山羊草、雄性不育系,以及该类不育系与恢复系组配的可育杂种F1的mtDNA的变异性.结果显示,供试山羊草与其对应细胞质雄性不育系在mtDNA上存在明显多态性,表明不育系在质核互作的影响下很可能已导致mtDNA发生变异:而不育系与对应的可育杂种F1在mtDNA上也存在多态性,同样表明育性恢复核基因对不育系进行育性恢复的过程中亦可能引起mtDNA发生相应变异;mtDNA变异很可能涉及到不育系育性本质的改变. 相似文献
2.
Mitochondrial DNA from two pairs of cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) and maintainer lines of pearl millet was investigated by restriction-enzyme analysis and Southern-blot hybridization using three mitochondrial gene probes. Each pair of male-sterile and maintainer lines was of a different nuclear origin. The objective was to distinguish differences in the DNA base-sequence organization of the mitochondrial genomes of cms and maintainer lines from the two sources. Restriction-enzyme analysis revealed differences between the different cms and maintainer lines. Southern-blot hybridization experiments using cloned mitochondrial gene probes further distinguished differences between different lines. It is expected that the restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms revealed in the Southern-blot-hybridization experiments will be useful in distinguishing and classifying cms and maintainer lines obtained from different nuclear backgrounds. 相似文献
3.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from sugar beet carrying fertile (F) and male sterile (CMS) cytoplasms, and from male sterile accession of Beta maritima collected in Brittany (France) were characterized and compared by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and Southern hybridization with coxII. The F and CMS cytoplasms could be clearly distinguished from each other by RFLP when XhoI, EcoRI and BamHI endonucleases were used. Southern hybridization with the coxII gene provided further evidence that mitochondrial genome organization differs between fertile and sterile plants. All cytoplasmic male sterile lines from different breeding stations showed the same restriction and hybridization patterns, which confirms the uniformity of mitochondrial genomes within the materials used for hybrid seed production in several European countries. No visible differences were found between the maintainer lines studied. However, comparisons of XhoI restriction profiles of mtDNA from maintainer lines and from fertile monogerm populations revealed slight differences, which were reflected by the appearance of a unique 0.9 kb fragment in the latter. Analysis of mtDNA from male sterile plants of the wild beet B. maritima showed different restriction and hybridization patterns in comparison with normal and sterile sugar beet cytoplasms. This shows the unique nature of cytoplasmic male sterility in this species. 相似文献
4.
甘蓝型油菜胞质雄性不育系22A的遗传研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
甘蓝型双低油菜CMS22A是河南省农科院棉油所利用384A中的雄性不育源、采用单株成对连续回交的方法育成的新型双低油菜细胞质雄性不育系。其突出表现为雄性不育彻底且遗传稳定,配合力高,抗病抗倒,品质优良。对CMS22A育性遗传规律研究表明,该不育系属典型的败药型雄性不育系,其雄性不育的遗传受不育细胞质(S)和一对隐性核不育主效基因(rr)的共同控制,属孢子体不育,基因型为S(rr)。 相似文献
5.
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the identification of two pigeonpea cytoplasmic genic male
sterile (CMS) lines derived from crosses between the wild (Cajanus scarabaeoides & C. sericeus) and the cultivated species of Cajanus cajan. The male sterile (A) line and its maintainer (B) line could be easily differentiated with certain random primers. The two
male sterile (288 A and 67 A)systems are based on C. scarabaeoidesand the other is based on C. sericeus could also be differentiated. Amplification product of 600bp amplified by primer OPC-11 was observed in both the cytoplasmic
male sterile lines (288 A and 67A), which was absent in the maintainer lines (288 B and 67 B) and the putative R-line (TRR
5 and TRR 6). CMS lines, putative R lines, other cultivars and wild species under the study could be easily distinguished
with the help of different primers. Dendrogram constructed based on the similarity index showed that considerable genetic
variation exist sbetween CMS lines, two putative R line and wild species studied.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
RFLP analysis of cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] developed by interspecific crosses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Total DNA from three putative cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) progenies derived from crosses between the wild species Cajanus
sericeus and the cultivated species Cajanus cajan, five C. cajan, one accession of C. sericeus and two genetic male sterile
lines of pigeonpea were compared for their RFLP patterns using maize mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) specific probes. Three putative
cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) progenies from the multiple cross genome transfer of pigeonpea lines (CMS 7–1, CMS 12–3, and
CMS 33–1) showed hybridization patterns identical to that of C. sericeus when DNA was digested with EcoRI and HindIII and
probed with maize mtDNA clones. The results suggested that these putative CMS progenies have the mitochondria of the female
wild species parent. The hybridization patterns of the three male parental lines used in the development of the CMS progenies
were similar in all the restriction enzyme-probe combinations except HindIII-atp6. The genetic male sterile lines, MS Prabhat
and QMS 1 differed from each other in their hybridization pattern. The genomic DNA hybridization pattern of HindIII digested
DNA from ICPL 87 differed from the other pigeonpea lines when probed with the maize mtDNA clones. The cluster analysis of
the hybridization data suggested the occurrence of variation in the mitochondrial genome even among the cultivated species.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
甘蓝型油菜辐照新不育系Mx1与Mx2及其保持系线粒体DNA的RAPD分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mx1和Mx2是通过辐射甘蓝型油菜瑞典品种得到的细胞质雄性不育系。采用RAPD技术对Mx1和Mx2及其保持系陕2B的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)进行了比较研究。共使用了210个随机引物,其中有163个引物在两系之间都得到了扩增产物,15个引物扩增结果在两系之间表现出了遗传多态性。Mx1和Mx2间也存在着明显的差异。 相似文献
8.
野生稻（O.rufipogon）新胞质改良不育系稻米品质的研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
通过核置换回交，获得一种普通野生稻（O. rufipogon）雄性不育细胞质，称为FA细胞质，育成新质源不育系金农1A。研究表明，FA细胞质不育系与WA和HL不育系的恢保关系不同，野败型的保持系和恢复系、红莲型的保持系和恢复系都可以作为FA细胞质的保持系，而不能成为FA细胞质的恢复系。这是一种新发掘的水稻雄性不育细胞质源。FA细胞质突破了WA和HL细胞质恢保关系的遗传局限，扩大了保持系育种范围，可以用品质优良的栽培品种培育成优质稻米不育系。新质源不育系金农1A不育度高，不育性稳定，农艺性状优良，抗稻瘟病和白叶枯病，开花时间早，稻米12项品质指标全部达到农业部颁发的优质米一级或二级标准，实质性地提高了不育系的稻米品质和综合水平，为培育优质米杂交稻奠定良好的遗传基础。 相似文献
9.
Sarah M. Ward 《Euphytica》1998,101(2):157-163
Normal hermaphrodite and male sterile quinoa plants were found in accession PI 510536 in the USDA-ARS Chenopodium collection.
This male sterility is under cytoplasmic control and is characterized by small shrunken anthers and the absence of pollen.
A dominant nuclear allele which interacts with this male sterile cytoplasm to restore male fertility was present in PI 510536
and was also found in fourteen out of fifteen quinoa cultivars from different geographic origins. Ratios of male fertile:
male sterile plants observed in F1 and F2 generations from crosses between male steriles and plants carrying the restorer
allele suggest either duplication of the restorer locus within the quinoa genome or tetraploid segregation. The PI 510536
male sterile cytoplasm differs from those previously reported, being stable and readily restorable. These characters will
facilitate hybrid production in quinoa.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
11.
哈克尼西棉细胞质雄性不育相关线粒体基因多态性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】研究棉花细胞质雄性不育的相关线粒体基因。【方法】利用线粒体基因atp A、atp6、atp9、cob、coxⅠ、coxⅡ、coxⅢ、nad3、nad6、nad9探针,对哈克尼西棉细胞质雄性不育系S、保持系F、杂种一代H进行限制性片段长度多态性分析。【结果】atp A、coxⅢ、nad3、nad6在3个材料间具有多态性。atp A、nad6基因探针与所有酶的杂交结果均显示出多态性,且在不育系与杂种一代中表现一致,而在保持系中差异明显。atp A/Eco RⅠ在3个材料中的杂交结果均显示2条带,其中1条2.2 kb的杂交带在3个材料中相同,另一条在不育系和杂种一代中大小为3.2 kb,而在保持系中为4.8 kb;atp A/PstⅠ杂交结果中,在不育系和杂种一代中的条带大小为17.0kb,而在保持系中为10.2 kb。nad6探针与4个酶的杂交结果均为不育系和杂种一代比保持系多1~2条杂交带。coxⅢ/Eco RⅠ在3个材料中均有1条2.5 kb的杂交带,但在保持系与杂种一代中比不育系多1条1.7 kb的弱带。nad3/Bam HⅠ的杂交结果在不育系与保持系中表现一致,而在杂种一代中缺少1条9.5 kb的杂交带。【结论】推测atp A、nad6基因参与调控不育系的形成,而coxⅢ、nad3可能受到恢复系核基因的调控,在不育系育性恢复过程中发挥较为重要的作用。 相似文献
12.
Genetic diversity in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) germplasm from Pakistan as determined by RAPDs 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Malik Ashiq Rabbani Aki Iwabuchi Yoshie Murakami Tohru Suzuki Kenji Takayanagi 《Euphytica》1998,103(2):235-242
The genetic diversity and the relationships among a collection of mustard (B. juncea) germplasm, including 41 accessions collected
from Pakistan, 6 oilseed cultivars/ lines and 5 Japanese vegetable cultivars, were evaluated using random amplified polymorphic
DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 198 polymorphic amplified products were obtained from 30 decamer primers. Of these, 14 were
unique to the accession PAK-85835 and 37 were specific to PAK-85839. Based on pair-wise comparisons of RAPD amplification
products, genetic similarity was estimated using similarity coefficients of Nei & Li (1979) and a dendrogram was constructed
using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Cluster analysis based on these genetic similarities
placed most of the collected germplasm and oilseed cultivars/lines close to each other, showing a low level of polymorphism
between the oilseed accessions collected in Pakistan. However, the clusters formed by the oilseed collections and cultivars
were distinct from those formed by the vegetable cultivars. A low level of genetic variability of oilseed mustard in Pakistan
was attributed to the selection for similar traits and horticultural uses. The farmers' preference for more remunerative crops
and perhaps the close parentage of these accessions further contributed towards their little diversity. The study demonstrated
that the RAPD is a simple and fast technique to compare the genetic relationships and the patterns of variation among accessions
of this crop.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
Dhanya Shivnanajappa Lakshmana Reddy Dhoranalapalli Chinnappareddy Verre Gowda Sreedhara Sindughatta Antharamiah Aswath Chennareddy 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(1):29-33
RAPD markers analysis was performed to investigate genetic relatedness among nine sterile (A), maintainer lines (B), and male parents (C) of onion. Initially, 180 arbitrary decamer primers were screened; of these 20 primers were selected which yielded 812 bands, 45.34% of which were found to be polymorphic. Squared-Euclidean Distance matrix revealed a minimum genetic distance between the genotypes MS 48A and MF 65C and a maximum genetic distance between the genotypes MLT 84C and MF 65B. Cluster analysis grouped the nine onion genotypes into two major clusters. The first cluster consisted of two male sterile groups, i.e. MS-65 (Arka Lalima) and MS-48 (Arka Kirthiman) of single bulb onions. The second cluster consists of MLT (Multiplier) group. PCA re-confirmed the results of the dendrogram, revealing the precision in estimation of genetic relatedness among the genotypes tested. None of the primers produced unique banding patterns to distinguish all nine genotypes. This information about genetic relatedness among the nine genotypes would be better utilized in further onion breeding programs. 相似文献
14.
线粒体是进行呼吸代谢、为生命活动提供能量的细胞器;其基因组相对独立于核基因组,表现为半自主遗传特性。植物线粒体基因组较大,基因组重排、重复序列重组,以及基因获得/缺失/转移/重复等频繁发生,很大程度影响其基因的正常功能行使;同时,也增加了研究其基因功能及其基因组进化的难度。新一代测序技术降低了测序成本,数据库中测序基因组数据激增。其中,也包括大量已获得的植物细胞器——线粒体和叶绿体的基因组序列。本文使用公用数据库的线粒体基因组序列,通过对高等植物线粒体DNA序列、结构、功能基因丢失/迁入、DNA片段水平转移、重复序列及RNA编辑等方面比较分析,试图从某些侧面揭示植物线粒体基因组复杂的进化特征与过程,为解析植物线粒体基因组的进化、探讨细胞质雄性不育机制提供新证据。 相似文献
15.
温敏核不育系株1S是生产上广泛应用的水稻优良早籼型不育系品种。以典型籼稻和粳稻为对照,采用ISSR、SRAP和TRAP三种分子标记方法对株1S核DNA进行分子遗传学分析,结果表明,株1S核DNA以籼型基因为主,但含有部分粳型特异性片段,具有一定的粳型血缘;3种分子标记方法都能建立株1S所特有的分子指纹。对株1S叶绿体DNA中ORF100、ORF29-TrnCGCA、TrnTUGU–TrnLUAA、rps16基因内含子等序列分析表明,株1S为籼型叶绿体,对照材料培矮64S、准S为粳型叶绿体;株1S在TrnTUGU–TrnLUAA片段中存在两个特异碱基。利用籼型细胞质和含有适量粳稻血缘的两用核不育系可能是长江中下游双季稻区高产稳产早稻组合的育种途径。 相似文献
16.
与大白菜细胞质不育相关RAPD特征片段的克隆和序列分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为了研究和获得大白菜细胞质不育系和保持系线粒体DNA的多态性,选用153个RAPD随机引物,对3套材料,每套中包含不同来源、同核异质的大白菜细胞质不育系（Pol-CMS、Ogu-CMS和CMS96）和保持系线粒体DNA进行RAPD分析。结果表明,有4个RAPD随机引物可以在全部Ogu-CMS和CMS96不育系中扩增出特异带,有1个随机引物仅在所有Ogu-CMS不育系中扩增出特异带;同时将OPAH16随机引物扩增的与不育相关的特异带进行了克隆和测序。结果表明,所获得的特异片段均与拟南芥和甘蓝型油菜的线粒体基因组序列部分同源,但与已发表的不育基因序列没有同源性。由这5个序列推导出的蛋白质与拟南芥中的一种未知功能蛋白AtMg00760（ORF109b）具有部分同源性。这5个序列的可能功能正在验证中。 相似文献
17.
杂交稻抗白叶枯病的遗传机制 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
8种不同胞质类型的不育系及其保持系与9个恢复系按P×Q交配设计分别配制不育系杂种和保持系杂种, 接种白叶枯病(Xoo)“强”致病力菌系ZHE-173和“弱”致病力菌系KS-6-6, 研究杂交稻抗白叶枯病的遗传机制。 结果表明： (1) 不育系或保持系、 恢复系以及不育系或保持系与恢复系间的互作对不育系杂种或保持系杂种抗性的影响均 相似文献
18.
小麦同核异质雄性不育系花粉发育的超微结构 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对小麦８３（２１）３５核背景下三种细胞质雄性不育系（Ｔ,Ｖ,Ｋ）及保持系的花粉发育过程进行了超微结构研究,发现Ｔ型和Ｖ型不育系花粉败育前和败育中,液泡膜处于解体状态,细胞质和液泡间的有效分隔被破坏,液泡对细胞质的吞噬细胞强烈,线粒体等细胞器解体或退化,Ｖ型不育系花绒毡层内表面缺乏乌氏体分泌,在Ｋ型不育系花粉败育前,没有观察到线粒体,质体等细胞器结构方面的异常变化,但见到一种同心圆复合膜状结构以很高 相似文献
19.
Male sterility in populations of Daucus and the development of alloplasmic male-sterile lines of carrot 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A collection of Daucus species and subspecies, as well as alloplasmic carrot lines were evaluated for expression of male sterility. More than 100 male‐sterile plants were identified and their phenotypes and partial genetic background were characterized. Three potentially new cytoplasmic male‐sterile systems based on the cytoplasm of Daucus carota (D. c.) gummifer, D. c. maritimus and D. c. gadecaei were selected. Genetic analyses suggested that a nuclear‐cytoplasmic interaction determined the male sterility of the three sources. A clear differentiation between the new sources and carrot cultivars was possible based on the phenotypic and molecular genetic relationships. 相似文献