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1.
The optimum conditions for durable press treatment of cotton fabrics using glyoxal as a nonformaldehyde crosslinking agent
were investigated. Crosslinking reaction was conducted in the presence of different catalysts such as aluminum sulfate, magnesium
chloride, or magnesium chloride-citric acid mixture at various mole ratios of catalyst to glyoxal. Aluminum sulfate was proven
the most effective one among those used. Glycol addition into a glyoxal padding bath increased the wrinkle recovery angle(WRA)
and whiteness of treated fabrics. The optimum mole ratio of glycol to glyoxal was 1:1. Diethylene glycol addition produced
better overall performance to the glyoxal-crosslinked fabric compared to ethylene glycol addition. 相似文献
2.
Additives, such as sodium perborate and borax, were examined in dialdehyde wrinkle resistant finishing of cotton. Results
indicated that the whiteness index (WI) of cotton treated with dialdehyde and additive showed about 90% of WI of the untreated
cotton but with decrease in wrinkle recovery angle (WRA) due to inhibition effect of these additives. Effect of additive on
the WRA reduction was more prominent with glutaraldehyde than with glyoxal. Reduction in WRA of cotton treated with both dialdehydes
and boron compound was minimized by simultaneous addition of formic acid in the bath. Addition of formic acid was also generally
beneficial in maintaining WI retentions after 8 months storage. Furthermore, boron compounds were also effective in improving
retentions of mechanical properties. By FTIR analysis the residual aldehyde group was detected on the dialdehyde-finished
cotton, whereas no peak was shown by addition of boron compounds. This suggested that the residual aldehyde group was a main
cause of fabric yellowing on the dialdehyde-finished cotton. Dialdehyde with boron compound, therefore, can be used to replace
a conventional formaldehyde-containing wrinkle resistant finishing of cotton. 相似文献
3.
It has been considered that malic acid,α-hydroxy succinic acid, could not form crosslinks in the cellulosic materials unless activated by other polycarboxylic acids
such as butanetetracarboxylic acid or citric acid because there are only two carboxylic acids per molecule available for the
formation of one anhydride intermediate. However we found that the dicarboxylic malic acid with sodium hypophosphite catalyst
without the addition of other crosslinkers was able to improve wrinkle resistance of cotton up to 294° (dry WRA) and 285°
(wet WRA), which is a measure of crosslinking level in cotton.1H FT-NMR, FT-IR and GPC analysis indicated the in-situ formation of an trimericα, β-malic acid with a composition of 1:3 through the esterification between hydroxyl group and one of carboxylic groups in malic
acid during curing. The crosslinking of cotton was attributed to the trimericα, β-malic acid, a tetracarboxylic acid, which can form two anhydride rings during curing. The influence of crosslinking conditions
such as concentrations of malic acid and catalyst, pH of the formulation bath, and curing temperature were investigated in
terms of imparted wrinkle resistance and whiteness. The addition of reactive polyurethane resin in the formulation slightly
increased the mechanical strength retention of crosslinked fabric coupled with additional increase in wrinkle resistance. 相似文献
4.
We studied eight carboxylates as potential catalysts for the cellulose cross-linking with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) and compared them with sodium hypophosphite (SHP). The results showed that the fabrics treated with sodium formate (SF) exhibited the highest wrinkle recovery angle (WRA) among the selected carboxylates, nearly equivalent to the WRA of the fabrics treated with SHP. We compared the radii and relative concentration ratios of different carboxylates anions, and found that SF had a particular amount of anions in the optimum pH range of the BTCA finishing bath, and had the smallest anion radius, both of which accounted for the higher WRA. The SF anions were present throughout the curing process. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis curves of SF and SHP, SF significantly decreased the temperature of the anhydride formation. In addition, the FTIR spectra displayed a stronger ester absorbance of the fabrics treated with BTCA/SF than those treated only with BTCA, which confirmed that SF accelerated the esterification between BTCA and cellulose. 相似文献
5.
Measuring and characterizing fabric wrinkling objectively and accurately is of vital importance because wrinkling behavior is one of the most important factors to determine visual aesthetic of fabrics and clothes. In this paper, a novel method for multidirectional fabric wrinkling measurement is presented. 12 fabrics with different fiber contents and weave structures are prepared and wrinkled by the new method. GLCM variables and standard deviation of wavelet decomposition coefficients are used to characterize fabric wrinkling. Results show that WRA (wrinkle recovery angle) does not have significant linear correlation with the GLCM variables (energy, entropy, contrast and correlation). The wavelet coefficient standard deviation at level 6 has the highest correlation with average WRA. The equations between average WRA and standard deviations can be used to predicate average WRA of a fabric conveniently, avoiding the time-consuming and tedious testing of WRA in each direction. 相似文献
6.
Low molecular weight copolymers of maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate were prepared to develop formaldehyde free cross-linking
agents. Since lower molecular weight is favorable for efficient penetration of the finishing agent into the cotton fibers
in the padding process, the concentration of the initiator, chain transfer agent and the monomer ratios were varied to obtain
copolymers of low molecular weights. The prepared polymers were characterized by GPC,1H-NMR, FTIR, DSC and TGA. Copolymers of molecular weights of 2 000 to 10 000 were obtained and it was found that the most
efficient method of controlling the molecular weight was by varying the monomer ratios. Poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate)
did not dissolve in water, but the maleic anhydride residue hydrolyzed within a few minutes to form poly(maleic acid-co-vinyl
acetate) and dissolved in water. However, the maleic acid units undergo dehydration to form anhydride groups on heating above
160 °C to some extent even in the absence of catalysts. The possibility of using the copolymers as durable press finishing
agent for cotton fabric was investigated. Lower molecular weight poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate) copolymers were more
efficient in introducing crease resistance, which appears to be due to the more efficient penetration of the crosslinking
agent into cotton fabrics. The wrinkle recovery angles of cotton fabrics treated with poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate)
copolymers were slightly lower than those treated with DMDHEU and were higher when higher curing temperatures or higher concentrations
of copolymer were used, and when catalyst, NaH2PO2, was added. The strength retention of the poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate) treated cotton fabrics was excellent. 相似文献
7.
Tencel Jacquard fabric is one of the eco-fabrics used for underwear, sportswear, bedclothes, clothes for aged people, and
hospital textiles. It is popular for these uses because it is easy to process into yarns and fabrics alone or in blends, very
stable in washing and drying, thermally stable, and easy to dye with deep vibrant colors using direct, reactive, or vat dyes.
In order to provide antimicrobial properties for Tencel Jacquard fabrics, they were treated with ginkgo biloba extract and
silicon softener using two different processes so the results could be compared. One of the processes treated the fabrics
with ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener simultaneously, and the other process treated the fabrics with these agents
sequentially. The treated Tencel Jacquard fabrics were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and their antimicrobial
properties were evaluated. In addition, water repellency, air permeability, water vapor permeability, and yellowness were
measured. It was observed that the ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener were present on the surface of the treated fibers,
and the quantity of these agents before and after laundering was proportional to the measured antimicrobial activity of the
fabrics before and after laundering. Fabrics treated with both agents had stronger water/oil repellency than fabrics treated
with only ginkgo biloba extract. As the quantities of the two treating agents on fabrics were increased, their air permeability
and water vapor permeability decreased. No significant changes were observed for yellowness based on the amounts of treating
agents applied. From these results, it is expected that Tencel fabrics treated with ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener
are excellent for use as bedclothes. 相似文献
8.
Kim Sam Soo Leem Su Gyung Ghim Han Do Kim Joon Ho Lyoo Won Seok 《Fibers and Polymers》2003,4(4):204-209
The effect of padding solution on the microwave heat dyeing of polyester fabric was studied extensively. Polyester fabrics
were impregnated in aqueous urea solution and aqueous sodium chloride solution for 10 min and then dyed for 7 min by microwave
apparatus (2 450 MHz, 700 W) under optimum conditions which provide good exhaustion. Aqueous solutions of urea and sodium
chloride showed more effective than water as a padding solution for microwave heat dyeing. The type of solvent added in padding
media and its concentration significantly affects the K/S values of dyed polyester fabric. Added solvents such as n-hexane,
acetone, and dimethyl formamide were also more effective than 100% water as padding media for the microwave heat dyeing. It
is supposed that the effect of used solvents on dyeing property of polyester fabrics depends on the solubility parameter difference
between solvent and polyester fabric. 相似文献
9.
This study reports an experimental investigation on the effect of softeners, crosslinking conditions, and laundering on the comfort related and low stress mechanical properties of cotton fabrics with different weave constructions. Softeners with different chemical natures, in conjunction with the crosslinking agent and catalyst, were padded onto the cotton fabrics of three types of weave constructions, viz. plain, twill, and a newly developed plant-structured weave design. Two crosslinking conditions, namely dry and moist curing conditions, were compared. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscope were used to visualize and quantify the morphological and chemical changes on fabrics. The experimental results showed that the dry-crosslinking condition is preferable to achieve better comfort and easy-care properties, while moist-crosslinking condition is a better choice when strength-related properties are the main requirement. The study further showed that silicone elastomer softener can be applied to improve fabric strength whereas micro-emulsion of functional amino-polysiloxane plus emulsion containing polyalkylene is beneficial for comfort characteristic. The plant-structured cotton fabric finished in the dry-crosslinking condition with softener in nano-emulsion form can result in superb water absorption, excellent air permeability, good handle, acceptable strength, and improved easycare property. 相似文献
10.
Nano-TiO2 based multilayer nanocomposite films were fabricated on cationically modified woven cotton fabrics by layer-by-layer molecular
self-assembly technique. Cationization process was used to obtain cationic surface charge on cotton fabrics. Attenuated total
reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses were used to verify the presence of cationic surface charge and
multilayer films deposited on the fabrics. Scanning electron microscope micrographs of poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate)/TiO2, nano polyurethane/TiO2, and TiO2/poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) multilayer films deposited on cotton fabrics were taken. With nano-TiO2 based multilayer film deposition, the protection of cotton fabrics against UV radiation is enhanced. The UV protection durability
of the self-assembled multilayer films deposited on the cotton fabrics was analyzed after 10 and 20 washing cycles at 40 °C
for 30 min. Air permeability and whiteness value analysis were performed on the untreated and multilayer film deposited cotton
fabrics. The effect of layer-by-layer deposition process on tensile strength properties of the warp and weft yarns was determined. 相似文献
11.
Photoactive blend films consisting of sulfonated polyether ether ketone and polyvinyl alcohol were incorporated onto cotton fibers to prepare self-decontaminating cotton fabrics. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to confirm the free-radical nature of the photoactive film and the cotton fabric. Several physical and mechanical properties of the fabrics, such as surface morphology, tensile strength, softness, whiteness, and water vapor permeability, were investigated, and it was found that the treated cottons basically maintained the original performance. Moreover, favorable photo-induced self-decontaminating capabilities of the treated fabrics were demonstrated against three kinds of pollutants, including decomposition of 80.2 % diuron under UVA light irradiation for 3 hours, inactivation of 93.33 % of E.coli and 86.67 % of S.aureus, and degradation of 64.1 % methyl orange under the light irradiation for 1 hour. 相似文献
12.
Nabil A. Ibrahim Amal A. Aly Basma M. Eid Hesham M. Fahmy 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(11):2298-2306
Development of multifunctional textile and clothing products with improved environmental profiles has been demanded both by textile industry and by consumer. Herein, dialdehyde sodium alginate (DASA) and dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DACMC) have been prepared, characterized and utilized, as an eco-friendly binding/ macromolecular crosslinking/hand building agents, in functional finishing of cellulose-containing fabrics. Fabric samples were treated with the nominated dialdehyde polysaccharide (DAPS, 10 g/l) along with the reactant resin (DMDHEU, 50 g/l), Ag- or TiO2-NPs as active ingredients (20 g/l) and ammonium persulfate catalyst (5 g/l) using the padding method. After functional finishing, the finished fabrics demonstrated a remarkable improvement in their antibacterial efficacy, UV-blocking ability, self-cleaning capacity, and surface roughness functionality without adversely affecting fabrics resiliency. The variation in these functional properties is affected by kind of DAPS, type of added nanoparticles as well as the treated substrate. Additionally, FTIR, SEM, EDS, and durability to wash measurements for selected samples were performed. Moreover, pre-oxidation of DAPS, functionalization reactions/interactions among the nominated reactants and the textile materials were also suggested. 相似文献
13.
A bio-composite made from keratin polypeptides and waterborne polyurethane was firstly employed as a bioantifelting agent for wool fabric. The keratin polypeptides, extracted from the waste wool fibers with the protease Esperase8.0L, possessed 5271 weight-average molecular weight. The bio-composites containing different contents of keratin polypeptides were applied for wool anti-felting treatment by a pad-dry-cure process. The results indicated that with increasing content of keratin polypeptides from 0 to 6 wt.%, the area-shrinking rate of the treated wool fabrics was decreased from 4.55 % to 0.47 %, respectively. The warp and weft tensile strength at break of the fabric was increased by 8 % and 12 %, respectively and reduced by about 55 % consumption of waterborne polyurethane. The film of bio-composites had more excellent thermal stability, higher mechanical property in elasticity, and better cytocompatibility compared with the pure waterborne polyurethane film. 相似文献
14.
N-halamine precursor 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinol (TMP), a hindered amine light stabilizer, was bonded onto cotton fabric by using 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as a crosslinking agent. A variety of treating conditions including TMP concentration, curing temperature and time, and catalyst were studied. The treated fabrics were characterized using FTIR spectra and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The cotton fabric treated with TMP precursor could be rendered biocidal upon exposure to dilute household bleach. The chlorinated cotton swatches showed great efficacy and inactivated 100 % of Staphylococcus aureus with 7.1 log reduction with 5 min of contact and 83.25 % of E. coli O157:H7 at 10 min of contact. In addition, the wrinkle recovery angle of the treated cotton fabrics increased from 229 ° of untreated cotton fabrics to 253 °. This study provided a practical finishing process to produce cotton fabrics with easy care and antibacterial functionalities at the same time. 相似文献
15.
A series of crosslinked waterborne polyurethane (WBPU) adhesives were prepared by prepolymer synthesis. Modified melamine,
hexamethoxymethyl melamine (HMMM) was used as the crosslinking agent. It was elucidated by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy that the crosslinking reaction occurred between the polyurethane carboxyl acid salt groups and the HMMM
methoxy groups. The hydrophobicity of the WBPU films increased after HMMM crosslinking. As the HMMM content was increased
(increasing mole ratio of HMMM/dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA)), the water uptake (%) of the film decreased, and the water
contact angle increased. The thermal stability, tensile strength, and initial modulus increased with increasing HMMM content
up to an optimum value (mole ratio of HMMM/DMPA=0.5) at which point the maximum thermal stability, tensile strength, and initial
modulus were recorded. The adhesive strength was found to be dependent on HMMM content, curing time, and temperature. The
adhesive strength of crosslinked WBPU in the case of optimum HMMM content (8.46 wt%) was only slightly affected after immersing
adhesive bonded nylon fabrics in water (for up to 2 days). 相似文献
16.
The mechanical and thermal behavior of compression molded jute/polypropylene (PP) composites were studied by evaluating tensile strength (TS), bending strength (BS), tensile modulus (TM), bending modulus (BM), impact strength (IS), thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). A chemical modification was made to jute fabrics using N,N-Dimethylaniline (DMA) in order to improve the interfacial adhesion between the fabrics and matrix. It was found that jute fabrics on treatment with N,N-Dimethylaniline (DMA) significantly improved the mechanical properties of the composites. Thermal analytical data of PP, both treated and untreated jute fabrics as well as composites revealed that DMA treatment increased the thermal stability of the fabrics and composite. DMA treatment also reduced the hydrophilic nature of the composite. DMA treated jute composite was found less degradable than control composite under water, soil and simulated weathering conditions. 相似文献
17.
Waterborne polyurethane modified by acrylate/nano-ZnO (PUA/ZnO) was synthesized and used to improve the wet rubbing fastness of reactive dyed cotton fabric. The reaction conditions were optimized and the products were characterized by FT-IR, TG, DSC, SEM, and particle size distribution. The dyed cotton fabrics were finished with PUA/ZnO emulsion and the rubbing fastness, ultraviolet resistant property, and wearability of treated fabrics were measured. The wet rubbing fastness of treated fabrics was increased by about 0.5–1 rate to achieve 3–4 rate, and the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) achieved 50+ level. The whiteness, air permeability, and elongation at break of treated fabric were not decreased significantly. SEM showed that the smooth and reticular coating on the surface of treated fabric reduced the mechanical friction force between dyed fabric and rubbing cloth, and thus improved the rubbing fastness. The decomposition temperature of finished fabric was increased by 50–80 °C. 相似文献
18.
Nabil A. Ibrahim El-Amir M. Emam Basma M. Eid Tawfik M. Tawfik 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(4):797-804
A new approach for an eco-friendly multi-functionalization of cotton/wool (C/W) and viscose/wool (V/W) blended fabrics was investigated. In this study, Ag-nanoparticle (Ag-NP) and/or ZnO-nanoparticle (ZnO-NP) functional agents were incorporated into the finishing bath along with citric acid (CA) or succinic acid (SA) as ester-crosslinking or esterifying agent, and sodium hypophosphite catalyst using the padding technique. The obtained results indicated that the extent of multi-functionalization expressed as antibacterial activity, UV-blocking functionality and wrinkle recovery ability were determined by kind of nanomaterial, nature of carboxylic acid, i.e., bi- or tri-functional and type of substrate. The results also demonstrated that blended fabrics finished with Ag-NP/ZnO-NP/CA/SHP nano-finishing formulation exhibited outstanding durable multi-functional properties even after 10 washing cycles. In addition, the change in surface morphology and the existence of Ag and/or Zn onto the selected V/W fabric surfaces have been confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis respectively. 相似文献
19.
This is a study of the influence of repeated laundering and the use of fabric softener in the context of mechanical properties
of fabrics with respect to textile parameters. In the large competitive market of fabric softener, the fabric softener producers
claim benefits for fabric hand as well as the mechanical properties of textiles. The main aim of this study is to investigate
the influence of ageing and the use of fabric softener on the mechanical properties of textiles during their cradle to grave
life with respect to fibre type, fibre fineness, knitting construction and number of wash cycles. The low stress mechanical
properties were evaluated by means of the Kawabata Evaluation system for fabric (KES-F) and Universal Surface Tester (UST).
The tensile, shear, bending, compression and surface properties and changes in these parameters due to wash-ageing and the
use of fabric softener during laundry were evaluated. These mechanical properties or combinations of them are the deciding
factors for comfort aspects of apparel during wear. Hence, these mechanical properties need to be correlated with the sensory
attributes. In Part I, we examine the change in mechanical parameters due to wash-ageing and the use of softener, while Part
II deals with Fuzzy-Logic modelling to correlate these mechanical parameters with sensory attributes. 相似文献
20.
In this study, a facile method was developed to coat AgCl nanoparticles (NPs) onto knitted cotton fabrics. The AgCl NPs were characterized by ultraviolet absorption spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic laser light scattering (DLS). The AgCl NPs were coated onto cotton fabrics through a pad-dry-cure process with the assistance of 1,2,3,4- butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ICP-OES analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed that AgCl NPs were successfully coated onto cotton fabrics. The prepared cotton samples exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative K. pneumonia bacteria. Rat skin fibroblast cytotoxicity testing demonstrated the treated cotton fabrics to be non-toxic. The washing durability evaluation showed that the antimicrobial function of cotton fabrics was durable to washing. In addition, the wrinkle resistance of the coated cotton fabrics was improved and there was no obvious change in whiteness. 相似文献