共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
2.
肖达人 《中国油料作物学报》1988,(2)
黄曲霉菌及其毒素作为食品的一种生物污染因素在世界范围内日益引起人们的重视,已成为食品卫生工作中的一个世界性重要课题,特别是黄曲霉菌的双重致癌性在我国发现后,它与食品的关系更加为人关切。因此,和世界各国一样,我国政府对黄曲霉毒素污染问题历来十分重视,多次规定和颂布了各种食品中黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)的限定标准(表1),有关黄曲霉毒素的研究课题已被列为国家重点研究项目,对黄曲霉毒素的致癌作用,食品污染情况,以及粮油食品的防霉去毒方法等进行了大量的深入调查研究。本文仅就我国对花生黄曲霉毒素污染问题的研究情况作一简单介绍。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)极易侵染花生、玉米等多种农作物,并且在侵染后产生具有致癌、致畸、致突变作用的有毒代谢产物——黄曲霉毒素.黄曲霉的侵染和黄曲霉毒素污染不仅发生在作物生长环节,而且在收获、干燥、储运等过程也会发生,严重威胁农产品消费安全和人畜生命健康.因此,解析黄曲霉对粮油作物的侵染过程及侵染... 相似文献
6.
高效液相色谱测定茶叶中黄曲霉毒素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄曲霉毒素(Aflatoxin,简称AFT)是黄曲霉、寄生曲霉和温特曲霉的代谢产物,其结构为二呋喃环和氧杂萘邻酮。这类物质具有强烈的致肝癌作用和很高的毒性,尤其是二呋喃环末端有双键者更甚,如黄曲霉毒素B_1、G_1、M_1。黄曲霉毒素主要污染粮油及其制品,但有时也会污染茶叶,我国出口茶叶合同规 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
为了解2018年山东省花生主产区土壤及收获后花生荚果黄曲霉菌及黄曲霉毒素的污染情况,在烟台、青岛、临沂、泰安、枣庄及菏泽等花生主要产区进行土壤、花生荚果的采样,对土壤、荚果果壳、花生籽仁的黄曲霉菌检出率进行统计并对籽仁中黄曲霉毒素的含量进行测定。结果表明：不同产区土壤中黄曲霉菌的检出率为3.33%~33.33%;花生果壳中黄曲霉菌的检出率为10.89%~27.78%;花生籽仁中黄曲霉菌的检出率为3.11%~11.56%;花生籽仁中黄曲霉毒素的浓度为5.01~26.80 μg/kg。数据分析得出：花生籽仁中黄曲霉毒素的含量与土壤中黄曲霉菌的检出率呈极强的相关性;与花生果壳和籽仁中黄曲霉菌的检出率呈中等程度相关。本研究对解析花生种植区黄曲霉菌及黄曲霉毒素污染发生原因,精准预警与防控,提高农产品质量安全有重要意义。 相似文献
10.
花生抗黄曲霉病分子遗传研究浅析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
黄曲霉毒素污染对热带、亚热带的粮食、油料等作物的生产、食品加工和贸易有严重的影响.本文简要总结了近年来花生抗黄曲霉病的分子遗传研究进展,并就几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶对黄曲霉抗性研究进行了简要分析. 相似文献
11.
赤霉病麦粒中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇消解方法研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxyniva1eno1,DON)是污染谷物籽粒及其制品的主要真菌毒素之一,对农业生产和人体健康均有重要影响。高温、吸附剂、脱皮等物理和化学处理方法虽然可以在一定程度上降低谷物籽粒及其制品的DON毒素含量,但也会对其食用和营养价值产生不利影响,甚至还会造成二次污染。辐照技术作为一种便捷、高效、经济的DON毒素降解手段,可以有效降低谷物籽粒及其制品中的DON毒素含量,但应对其降解产物的毒性进行安全评价。 相似文献
12.
13.
本研究将黄曲霉毒素B1转化为其半缩醛B2a,在硼氢化钠（NaBH4）还原作用下与载体蛋白偶联制备完全抗原。将制备的完全抗原免疫Balb/c小鼠,经4次免疫后取其脾脏与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞Sp2/0细胞融合,采用半固体培养基筛选后鉴定,获得杂交瘤细胞株3A12,抗体的灵敏度可达6.1±0.025ng/mL,抗体与其它黄曲霉毒素B2、G1及G2的交叉反应率依次为7.8%、20.2%及0.6%,与黄曲霉毒素M1交叉反应率小于0.1%。为研发花生等农产品黄曲霉毒素B1特异性免疫分析技术及产品奠定了重要基础。 相似文献
14.
针对盘锦市加强农产品质量安全体系建设,强化农产品质量安全,因地制宜提出:以创建国家级生态示范为动力,以农业标准化为准则,以开发无公害、绿色、有机食品为重点,以提高农产品质量安全水平为目标,以法制建设为后盾,积极主动开展切实可行的农产品质量安全保障工程。 相似文献
15.
The applicability of Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics using different preprocessed spectra data was examined to develop fast, low-cost, and non-destructive spectroscopic methods for classification and quantification of aflatoxin-contaminated maize samples within the aflatoxin concentration range of 0–1206 μg/kg. This technique will find useful application in evaluating large numbers (e.g. >2000) of samples from maize hybrid performance trials and breeding programs. The best discriminant models were obtained from the linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The LDA models on validation samples showed correct classification rates in the range of 94–100% and did not misclassify any aflatoxin contaminated samples as aflatoxin negative. Of the models for predicting aflatoxin concentration, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) models showed the best quality of regression (slopes of 0.939–0.990) and highest coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.941–0.957). The models provide limited applicability to quantify aflatoxin concentration below 20 μg/kg. No significant difference was observed between predicted values using Raman spectroscopy and reference values using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (p > 0.05), indicating the suitability of Raman spectroscopy to rapidly screen large numbers of maize samples for aflatoxin contamination. 相似文献
16.
Converting rice paddy to dry land farming in the Tai Lake Basin,China: toward an understanding of environmental and economic impacts 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Water pollution is a well-known major problem in the Tai Lake Basin, China. Compared to industries and domestic sewage, non-point pollution from agriculture is more difficult to detect, measure, and control. Therefore, a range of policies has been formulated, among which is that of ‘adjustment of the planting structure.’ However, this policy during implementation has been used to simply convert paddy fields to dry land and food crops to cash crops. More surprisingly, to date, no research has provided evidence that such an agricultural land-use change contributes to the reduction of agricultural nutrient pollution. Based on an extensive farm survey, this research finds that conversion of rice paddy to dry land farming has not generated a positive effect on nutrient pollution control. It is estimated that nitrogen runoff from agricultural land has increased by 11 %, while phosphorus runoff has increased more than two times since land-use patterns changed, as farmers are inclined to apply more fertilizer on dry land than in paddy fields. However, this agricultural land-use change is economically effective as land-use conversion increases the net profits of farming in a significant way. It is demonstrated that, compared to environmental concerns, economic considerations are seen to have greater benefits after such an adjustment in the planting structure. These findings have important implications for policy making by local authorities in their efforts to improve environmental management and pollution control in their territories. 相似文献
17.