共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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以'灵武长枣'为试材,采用田间处理结合酶学技术,研究了叶面喷施不同浓度的聚谷氨酸对坐果率、果实中糖分积累以及果实品质的影响,以期为提高枣果的产量和品质提供参考依据.结果 表明:在初花期叶面喷施聚谷氨酸可提高坐果率和果实中转化酶、蔗糖合酶、蔗糖磷酸合酶以及质膜ATPase活性;在果实采收时,0.12g·L-1的聚谷氨酸处理显著提高了平均单果质量,使果实中可溶性总糖、花色苷含量极显著提高,枣树产量和果实品质也显著提高.因此,在初花期,叶面喷施适当浓度的聚谷氨酸可通过提高坐果率、果实中糖分积累关键酶活性,来提高'灵武长枣'果实的产量和品质. 相似文献
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《果树学报》2019,(12)
【目的】通过研究钾肥施用量对'骏枣'产量、品质、光合效率和树体营养的影响,以期确定'骏枣'最适宜施钾量。【方法】以'骏枣'为试材,设置钾肥(K_2O)施用量分别为76.5 g·株~(~(-1))、153 g·株~(~(-1))、229.5 g·株~(~(-1))、306 g·株~(~(-1)),于开花期和果实膨大期根际施入。【结果】与对照相比,施钾可显著提高'骏枣'果实产量、维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、糖酸比、可溶性糖含量、蔗糖含量、果糖含量和叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、叶绿素含量,且具有钾肥浓度影响效应。主成分分析结果表明,4种施钾处理中以施钾(K_2O)153 g·株~(~(-1))对提高'骏枣'果实产量、品质、叶片光合效率和降低果实裂果率的效果最为显著。【结论】施用钾肥能明显提高'骏枣'果实产量、品质和叶片光合效率,增强'骏枣'树体营养状况,降低果实裂果率。因此,在甘肃黄河灌区'骏枣'以高产优质为目标,推荐钾肥(K_2O)施用量为153 g·株~(~(-1))。 相似文献
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以日光温室延后栽培的‘红地球’葡萄为试验材料,在果实转色前叶面喷施尿素,以清水为对照,分别在喷施后10、20、30、40 d测定功能叶面积、叶绿素相对含量、蔗糖含量、葡萄糖含量、果糖和淀粉含量,以及果实可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量。结果表明:叶面喷施不同浓度的尿素均可促进叶片增长,增加叶片中叶绿素相对含量,其中喷施0.75%尿素可延缓生育后期叶片叶绿素的降解;喷施尿素可促进叶片中碳水化合物的积累,0.5%和0.75%尿素处理后,叶片蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖在较长时间内保持较高的水平,喷施后40 d时3种糖含量为对照的1.2倍以上;喷施尿素增加了叶片中淀粉的积累,喷施0.75%尿素后,在生育后期叶片淀粉含量显著增加,达8.0 mg/g。喷施尿素后果实中糖酸含量变化明显,喷施后40 d,0.5%和0.75%尿素对果实可溶性固形物含量的增加最显著,但喷施0.75%尿素显著增加了同时期果实中可滴定酸含量。喷施0.5%尿素显著增加了果实大小、单粒重及穗重。因此,建议在‘红地球’葡萄果实转色前叶面喷施0.5%尿素溶液,可改善果实品质。 相似文献
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叶面喷施硼肥对葡萄柚果实品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《现代园艺》2015,(17)
为改善葡萄柚果实品质,在其果实发育期(花后30~180天),叶面喷施不同浓度水平(0.2%、0.4%、0.6%)的硼肥,研究不同叶面硼肥处理对葡萄柚果实营养品质和外观品质的影响。结果表明,适量叶面喷施硼肥促进葡萄柚果实总糖、可溶性固形物、Vc、果肉硬度、单果重和可食率,降低了果实总酸含量。0.2%~0.4%范围内,葡萄柚果实品质随喷施浓度的提高而增加。综合试验结果,缺硼葡萄柚果树,可在果实发育期叶面喷施4~5次0.4%的硼砂溶液果实品质效果最好。 相似文献
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《中国果树》2017,(6)
以'寒富'为试材,研究了套餐肥和常规施肥对苹果树体生长发育、果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明:与常规施肥相比,套餐肥处理的土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效钙和有效镁的含量分别提高了12.2%、8.0%、11.4%、14.8%、14.9%和31.5%。与常规施肥相比,施用套餐肥的'寒富'树体高度和干径分别增加了7.3%和5.8%;新梢长度和单株新梢数量分别提高了8.3%和20.4%;叶面积、比叶鲜重和干重及叶绿素含量增幅分别为2.9%、7.1%、1.9%和3.4%;苹果叶片的N、P、K和Ca含量分别增加了9.3%、23.0%、55.6%和60.9%;果实着色指数、花青苷含量、维生素C含量、果肉硬度和可溶性固形物含量分别增加了7.1%、10.2%、5.7%、4.3%和9.3%;花序数量增加了14.1%;'寒富'产量显著提高,平均每667 m~2产量增加300.6 kg。 相似文献
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针对“台农一号”杧果，设置花期、幼果期和膨果期3个喷施时期，叶面喷施有机硒肥溶液分别采用0.4%、0.2%、0.1%3个浓度，以喷施清水作为对照，共10个处理，分阶段采集叶片及果实样本，测定硒含量，并待杧果成熟测定果实可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量等，比较分析“台农一号”杧果在不同生长时期叶面喷施硒肥后其硒含量及品质的变化。结果表明，杧果果实中硒主要以有机态存在，有机硒约占果实总硒量的95%。叶面喷施硒肥后杧果果实与叶片中硒含量显著上升，喷施浓度越高，含量越高；不同部位喷施硒肥后硒含量从高到低依次为叶片>果皮>果肉。随喷施后时间推移，杧果花期和幼果期喷施硒肥的果实硒含量下降，在膨果期喷施则无显著性变化。收获时不同时期处理的果实硒含量表现为膨果期>花期=幼果期。不同时期叶面喷施硒肥均有改善杧果果实品质的效果。说明膨果期叶面喷施0.4%有机硒肥是生产富硒杧果的较好方式。 相似文献
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外源硝酸铵对厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片衰老及果实产量和品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以厚皮甜瓜品种"迎春(F1)"为试材,研究了叶面喷施不同浓度硝酸铵(NH4NO3)对坐果节位叶片衰老及果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施1.0、3.0、5.0 g·L-1的硝酸铵可不同程度地增加坐果节位叶片的叶绿素和可溶性蛋白质的含量,提高光合电子传递速率(ETR)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学量子效率(Y(Ⅱ)),降低初始荧光参数(Fo),减缓MDA含量的增长,增加果实的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和维生素C含量,但对单果质量影响不显著。表明叶面喷施3.0 g·L-1外源硝酸铵,对延缓厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片衰老,提高厚皮甜瓜果实品质的效果最佳。 相似文献
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以绥李3号李的叶芽为试材,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),对其2种叶芽萌发过程中内源激素含量进行了测定。吲哚乙酸(IAA)是叶芽萌动过程中的重要启动因子,赤霉素(GA)在抑制芽的休眠、促进芽的萌发中具有重要作用,脱落酸(ABA)与其他激素相互作用而起到调节叶芽萌发和营养物质加速积累,在叶芽形态分化期间起到促进作用,玉米素(ZT)是在叶芽中期起着重要作用。(IAA+GA)与ABA的比值反映芽的萌发状态,促进型激素在萌芽前期占主导作用,有利于叶芽打破休眠,促进萌发。 相似文献
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LI Xiu-cun MA Jin-jin ZHAO Jing-jing YE Kai-he L&# Yan-qing WANG Xiao-kang WEI Song-cheng ZHANG Xiao-qi YE Chun-ling 《园艺学报》2016,32(2):314-320
AIM: To investigate the effects of total triterpenoids from Psidium guajava leaf (TTPGL) on 3T3-L1 adipocyte insulin resistance (IR) and to explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were cultured and induced to differentiate into 3T3-L1 adipocytes, then treated with TTPGL (0.3, 1, 3, 10 μg/L) for 48 h. The cells were divided into 0.1% DMSO group, positive drug sodium orthovanadate (Van, 10 μmol/L) group, model group and control group. The effect of TTPGL on the cell activity of pre-adipocytes was detected by MTT assay and its influence on the cellular differentiation was observed by oil red O staining. The IR model of the 3T3-L1 adipocytes was established successfully and then treated with different drugs for 48 h. The glucose consumption in the supernatant of IR adipocyte's culture medium was assayed by glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD), free fatty acid (FFA) levels were measured by colorimetric method, and adipocytokines levels were assayed by ELISA. The mRNA expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) of IR adipocyte was detected by real-time PCR. The protein levels of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1/insulin receptor substrate 1 (p-IRS-1/IRS-1) and phosphorylated protein kinase B/protein kinase B (p-Akt/Akt) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with DMSO group, TTPGL treatment significantly promoted the cell activity of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and inhibited its differentiation (P < 0.01). TTPGL (1~10 μg/L) improved glucose consumption of IR adipocytes significantly (P < 0.01), with or without insulin stimulation, and TTPGL (0.3~3 μg/L) restrained FFA production remarkably(P < 0.01). Compared with model group, TTPGL (0.3 and 3 μg/L) significantly increased the secretion of adiponectin in IR adipocytes (P < 0.05), and inhibited the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P < 0.01). TTPGL (3 μg/L) restrained the secretion of resistin significantly (P < 0.05), and showed no significant effect on secretion of leptin. It also down-regulated the mRNA expression of protein tyrosine phosphates 1B (PTP1B) in IR adipocytes significantly (P < 0.01), and increased the protein levels of p-IRS-1/IRS-1. TTPGL (0.3 and 3 μg/L) up-regulated the protein level of p-Akt/Akt in IR adipocytes significantly (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: TTPGL reduces IR in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The mechanism may be that TTPGL significantly down-regulated mRNA expression of PTP1B and increased the protein levels of p-IRS-1/IRS-1 and p-Akt/Akt in IR adipocytes. 相似文献
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Background
Fluorescent hybridization techniques are widely used to study the functional organization of different compartments within the mammalian nucleus. However, few examples of such studies are known in the plant kingdom. Indeed, preservation of nuclei 3D structure, which is required for nuclear organization studies, is difficult to fulfill. 相似文献14.
《中国瓜菜》2016,(2)
为了筛选出兼抗棒孢叶斑病和黑斑病的黄瓜育种材料,我们采用苗期人工接种的抗病性鉴定方法对58份黄瓜材料进行了棒孢叶斑病和黑斑病的抗病性评价。通过对该2种病害的病情指数分析,获得棒孢叶斑病高抗材料4份,抗病材料11份;黑斑病高抗材料10份,抗病材料6份。其中兼抗2种病害的材料11份,‘A86-1’、‘G5-4’和‘N103-2’对2种病害均达到高抗级,‘07L35’、‘09L4漆’、‘H31-2选’和‘W43-1-2’对棒孢叶斑病为抗病级,对黑斑病为高抗级,‘G5-2’、‘Q6’、‘XL6-1-2’和‘XL6-3’对2种病害的抗性均为抗病级。获得的抗病资源为黄瓜多抗性育种和骨干亲本自交系的抗性遗传改良奠定了基础。 相似文献
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The area of leaves of plantain (Musa acuminata × Musa balbisiana) was traced on graph paper. Then the length (L) and the maximum width (W) were measured. A known leaf area from each leaf was taken and both the sample and the remaining leaf blades were dried and weighed. Using known leaf area and their dry weights, the leaf area of each whole leaf was determined. From the regression equation, a coefficient for estimating the true leaf area from the L × W measurements was determined to be 0.8 (approx.) which was statistically significant (P = 0.05).Using a mathematical method (independent of the first method), the coefficient for estimating the true leaf area of plantain was found to be 0.7854. A significant correlation (r, 0.001 = 0.73) was also found between the area traced on graph paper and that determined using the coefficient 0.8 (L × W). 相似文献
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DAS-ELISA、RT-PCR和IC-RT-PCR检测葡萄卷叶病毒Ⅲ的比较研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
在生长季节分3次对部分葡萄品种枝条上部、中部和下部叶片及韧皮部,进行双抗体夹心法(DAS-ELISA)、反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和免疫捕捉反转录聚合酶链式反应(IC-RT-PCR)3种方法检测卷叶病毒Ⅲ(GLRaV-3)的比较。结果表明:DAS-ELISA的检出率明显低于RT-PCR和IC-RT-PCR方法。RT-PCR可以检测出RNA提取液为1:10-4的GLRaV-3病毒,但它受到了提取RNA难以及其它物质(如蛋白质、DNA等)干扰的影响,检测难度增加。从检测的灵敏度来看,RT-PCR和IC-RT-PCR比DAS-ELISA灵敏;并且,IC-RT-PCR比其它两种方法较快,整个过程仅需8h。 相似文献
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K. A. Clayton-Greene J. Reynolds D. C. Ferree 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):679-687
The effect of six orchard management systems on the display of leaves in the canopies of apple trees was compared. Canopies which are strongly formalized through the use of trellises can change the way leaves are orientated. Small differences in leaf angle, leaf orientation, and dispersion (variation in angles and orientations) were found between free standing and trellised trees. These differences were consistent for two cultivars, Granny Smith and Starking Delicious, although stronger for the latter. Leaves from freestanding open canopies have a wider variety of angles and orientation that those from trellised canopies. Changes in leaf orientation did not appear to relate to changes in spectral composition which was similar for all canopies. A tentative claim for evidence of phototropism by leaves in some parts of some canopies is also made. 相似文献
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Particles deposited on leaf surfaces can be resuspended back into the atmosphere, thus generating pollution diffusion and hazarding to human health. The net amount of particles resuspended depends on leaf traits and weather conditions, such as speed wind and leaf roughness. However, little is known about the influence of leaf traits of different tree species on particle resuspension under certain conditions. In this study, we chose 6 typical greening tree species from Northeast China and focused on four-leaf traits: roughness, contact angle, stomatal density, and groove width. The wind tunnel was used to measure particle resuspension from leaf surfaces at different wind speeds (1, 2, 3 m/s) and test duration (10, 20, 30 min). Subsequently, we investigated the correlation between particle resuspension and leaf traits. The results indicated that Abies holophylla had the highest resuspension fraction (61.38%), followed by Salix babylonica (58.05%), Populus alba (54.21%), Juniperus chinensis (53.59%), and Pinus tabuliformis (50.51%), while Robinia pseudoacacia displayed the lowest particle resuspension fraction (32.02%). Particle resuspension rates of the tested species ranged from (8.24 ± 0.53) × 10−4/s to (2.65 ± 0.51) × 10−4/s, which was found to increase with wind speed enhancement and decrease with duration extension. With increasing the wind speed, the Pinus tabuliformis, and Juniperus chinensis were more efficient than Salix babylonica, and Populus alba in avoiding particle resuspension. Roughness and stomatal density were a significant negative correlation with particle resuspension rates, which demonstrates that the leaf surface traits can affect the particle resuspension process. Finally, our results suggest that the main factors influencing particle resuspension from leaf surfaces are wind speed, roughness, and stomatal density, which will provide a scientific foundation for pollution diffusion in future studies. 相似文献
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GA3 sprayed on celery plants, which received a continuous supply of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 or 1.0% NaCl solutions to the roots, caused a pronounced increase in leaf elongation.Along with enhanced elongation, GA3 increased breakdown of parenchymatous tissue in the petiole, but this effect was drastically suppressed in the salt-treated plants. In a similar fashion, the effect of GA3 on the elongation of the flowering-stem (bolting) was significantly diminished in salt-treated plants. In no case did the salinity treatment totally abolish the bolting-process induced by GA3.Changing the temperature of the lower part of the root system altered the magnitude of GA3 effect on bolting. As the temperature was lowered from 30 to 6° C, the ability of GA3 to cause bolting was greatly reduced.The results are discussed in view of the possible interaction between salinity and the GA3 effect on petiole elongation, cellular breakdown and bolting. 相似文献