共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
【目的】为李种质资源功能物质的科学评价与高抗氧化活性种质筛选提供基础数据。【方法】对李7个主要种和5份李杏杂交种等59份代表种质的清除DPPH自由基能力、清除ABTS自由基能力、还原Fe~(3+)能力(FRAP)和总酚含量进行检测。【结果】供试品种的抗氧化活性和总酚含量变异丰富,果实抗氧化活性与总酚含量呈显著相关,且不同种间或类型间存在显著差异。其中,美洲李(P. americana)的抗氧化活性和总酚含量显著高于其他种,栽培欧洲李(P.domesitica)的抗氧化活性和总酚含量最低。不同颜色李品种抗氧化活性和多酚含量差异不显著。抗氧化活性和总酚含量均值最大的是红色和紫红色品种,最低的是绿色品种。抗氧化活性和总酚含量较高的中国李品种有‘美丽李‘’奎丽‘’蜜李‘’紫玉’和‘绥李3号’。【结论】李种质间抗氧化活性和总酚含量变异非常丰富;不同种或果实着色的李种质抗氧化活性存在一定的差异。 相似文献
2.
鲜食葡萄品种多酚类物质含量及抗氧化活性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以6个主要鲜食葡萄品种为试材,利用比色和荧光分光光度法测定葡萄的果皮、果肉、种子和果梗中花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量,分析了清除氧自由基(ORAC)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)和铁离子还原(FRAP)能力与多酚类物质之间的相关性。结果表明:葡萄品种多酚类物质主要以黄酮类化合物为主,其中花青素在果皮以及总酚和总黄酮在种子和果梗中含量较高,但多酚类物质在果肉中最低。葡萄品种‘夏黑’果皮中花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量均高于其它葡萄品种。以‘巨玫’果皮和果肉花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量最高,但‘青提’果皮和果肉中花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量均低于其它葡萄品种。通过分析各葡萄品种抗氧化活性与多酚类物质之间的关系发现,果皮中FRAP和ORAC清除率以及种子和果梗中DPPH·清除率与花青素、总酚及总黄酮之间均呈显著性正相关,且多酚类物质含量较高说明其抗氧化活性较强。 相似文献
3.
不同猕猴桃品种果实发育过程中总酚和类黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】探讨不同猕猴桃品种果实发育过程中总酚、类黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的动态变化差异。【方法】以江西主栽的美味猕猴桃'金魁’和中华猕猴桃'红阳’以及本课题组自主选育的毛花猕猴桃'赣猕6号’为试材,对果实生长发育过程中总酚、类黄酮含量和FRAP抗氧化能力、清除羟基自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基(DPPH·)和超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)的能力进行检测分析。【结果】3个猕猴桃品种果实总酚和类黄酮含量在果实生长发育过程中大体呈现由高到低的变化趋势;但不同品种其含量差异显著,尤其'赣猕6号’总酚含量高于其他两个品种十几倍。对抗氧化活性检测发现',赣猕6号’比其他两个品种具有较强的FRAP抗氧化能力和清除超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)能力。相关性分析显示',赣猕6号’清除·OH和·O2-能力与总酚、类黄酮含量存在极显著或显著相关性',金魁’FRAP抗氧化能力与总酚、类黄酮含量存在极显著和显著相关性,而'红阳’FRAP抗氧化能力、清除DPPH·能力分别与总酚、类黄酮含量存在显著和极显著相关性。【结论】猕猴桃果实含有丰富的酚类物质,随着果实的生长发育呈现逐渐降低的趋势。猕猴桃抗氧化能力与总酚、类黄酮含量呈显著正相关。毛花猕猴桃'赣猕6号’比美味猕猴桃'金魁’和中华猕猴桃'红阳’具有更高含量的酚类物质和更强的抗氧化能力。本试验为猕猴桃优良品种的推广、野生资源发掘、新品种选育、天然抗氧化保健药物以及功能性食品的开发奠定了基础。 相似文献
4.
《果树学报》2020,(4)
【目的】综合评价荔枝种质资源功能性品质并为抗氧化活性种质筛选提供理论依据。【方法】比较35个荔枝品种成熟果实果肉中多酚、黄酮、维生素C含量,从铁离子还原能力(FRAP)、二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH)清除能力、氧化自由基吸收能力(ORAC)三个方面分析各品种抗氧化能力差异,并采用相关性分析、聚类分析对各品种的抗氧化能力进行相关性比较和分类。【结果】(1)不同荔枝品种间多酚、黄酮、维生素C含量存在显著差异(p 0.01),其酚类物质主要以游离态形式存在,游离酚、结合酚和总酚含量分别为64.92～173.64、2.01～23.45、69.74～186.22 mg·100 g~(-1),游离态酚含量占总酚含量的81.5%～97.76%;总黄酮含量介于73.44～331.52 mg·100 g~(-1);维生素C含量介于6.00～56.33mg·100 g~(-1);不同荔枝品种间DPPH清除能力介于71.78%～99.61%,FRAP介于1.18～10.10μmol·g~(-1),ORAC介于0.97～39.72μmol·g~(-1)。(2)荔枝果肉中游离多酚、总酚、总黄酮含量与FRAP、ORAC值均呈极显著正相关(p 0.01),维生素C含量与FRAP呈显著正相关(p 0.05);依据相关系数大小排列:游离多酚总酚总黄酮ORACFRAP结合多酚维生素CDPPH清除能力;(3)聚类分析依据功能性物质含量及抗氧化活性高低将35个荔枝品种分为4大类。【结论】不同荔枝品种间抗氧化能力存在显著差异(p 0.01),多酚、黄酮类物质是荔枝果肉发挥抗氧化作用的重要物质‘;妃子笑‘’绿纱‘’红绣球‘’井冈红糯‘’岭丰糯‘’金包银‘’状元红’是一类多酚、黄酮物质含量高,抗氧化活性强的品种。 相似文献
5.
《现代园艺》2020,(5):8-10
为比较研究山西特产"泗交绿茶"与绿茶名品汉中仙毫、日照绿茶和信阳毛尖茶叶的抗氧化活性,测定4种茶叶含水率、水浸出物、总酚和黄酮含量,并采用DPPH法、ABTS法和FRAP法对其抗氧化活性进行测定。结果表明,山西特产"泗交绿茶"含水率和水浸出物较低;总酚含量较低,为210.90±8.46 mg/g;黄酮含量最高,为8.53±0.23 mg/g;对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基和FRAP自由基的清除能力较弱,分别为1819.09±33.83μmo L/g、2637.31±34.11μmo L/g和1219.20±33.28μmo L/g Trolox含量;总酚与茶抗氧化能力呈极显著正相关,可作为绿茶抗氧化活力的评价依据。山西特产"泗交绿茶"具有较高的抗氧化活力,是一种良好的天然抗氧化物质。 相似文献
6.
7.
不同品种杏果实发育过程中类黄酮、总酚和三萜酸含量及抗氧化性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《果树学报》2016,(4)
【目的】探讨不同品种杏果实发育过程中类黄酮、总酚、三萜酸含量的差异及与抗氧化活性的关系。【方法】以‘金太阳’‘凯特’‘华县大接杏’‘沙金红’‘金香’‘早金艳’等6个杏品种为试材,对不同品种杏果实发育过程中类黄酮、总酚、三萜酸的含量及清除羟基自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基(DPPH·)和超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)的能力进行分析测定。【结果】1.供试各品种杏果实中类黄酮、总酚、三萜酸含量均在果实发育早期(花后30 d)最低,其后随着果实的发育呈先上升后下降趋势。2.不同品种杏果实发育过程中类黄酮、总酚和三萜酸含量存在极显著差异(P0.01)。‘华县大接杏’在花后54 d类黄酮和总酚含量均达到最高,‘沙金红’在花后68 d三萜酸含量达到最高。3.供试杏果实的类黄酮、总酚及三萜酸的含量与抗氧化活性均存在相关性,其中杏果实中类黄酮和总酚的含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.882,P0.01);杏提取物清除·OH的能力和清除·O2-的能力呈显著相关(r=0.376,P0.05)。类黄酮、总酚含量与杏果实提取物清除DPPH·的能力呈极显著正相关(r=0.488、0.608,P0.01);三萜酸含量与杏果实提取物清除·OH的能力呈极显著正相关(r=0.494,P0.01)。【结论】不同品种杏果实发育过程中类黄酮、总酚含量与杏果实提取物清除DPPH·的能力呈显著正相关,三萜酸含量与杏果实提取物清除·OH的能力呈极显著正相关,说明类黄酮、总酚和三萜酸是杏果实中主要的抗氧化活性成分。‘华县大接杏’具有较高的类黄酮、总酚含量和清除DPPH·的能力,‘沙金红’具有较高的三萜酸含量和清除·OH的能力,均是功能性杏果及杏加工制品选择的理想品种。 相似文献
8.
《果树学报》2017,(2)
【目的】测定若干锦橙品种果皮的酚类物质成分及含量,比较分析各锦橙品种果皮酚类物质抗氧化活性,评价各锦橙品种果皮中酚类物质抑菌效果。【方法】用甲醇超声提取各锦橙品种果皮中的酚类物质,紫外分光光度法测定总酚和总黄酮含量;采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析检测类黄酮和酚酸成分,并与标准品色谱图结合进行定性和定量;通过DPPH、FRAP、ABTS 3种方法比较分析各锦橙品种果皮酚类物质抗氧化活性;用菌丝生长速率法测定各锦橙品种果皮酚类物质对霉菌的抑制率。【结果】锦橙品种果皮中总黄酮含量均高于总酚含量,总黄酮含量最高的品种是‘蓬安100号’锦橙(PA),总酚含量最高的品种是‘涪陵锦橙’(FL)。各锦橙品种锦橙皮中检测到的酚类物质成分共有14种,其中10种类黄酮中主要成分是橙皮苷、芸香柚皮苷、川陈皮素和香叶木素,橙皮苷和芸香柚皮苷含量最高的品种是‘蓬安100号’锦橙(PA),川陈皮素含量最高的品种是‘北碚447’锦橙(BB),香叶木素含量最高的品种是‘铜水72-1’锦橙(TS)。4种酚酸中没食子酸含量最高,且没食子酸含量最高的品种是‘涪陵锦橙’(FL)。用DPPH、FRAP、ABTS 3种方法测得各锦橙果皮酚类物质均具有抗氧化活性,综合抗氧化能力最强的品种是‘蓬安100号’(PA)。各锦橙品种果皮酚类物质提取物对霉菌具有较强的抑制效果,且绿霉对不同浓度的提取物敏感性强于青霉。【结论】各锦橙品种中‘蓬安100号’(PA)锦橙果皮的抗氧化活性和抑霉菌效果最强,可为抗氧化和抑菌剂的研发提供资源。 相似文献
9.
《果树学报》2017,(11)
【目的】探讨4个不同品种树葡萄嫩/老叶片醇提物抗氧化活性、抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性、总多酚和总黄酮含量,以及功能活性与物质成分相关性。【方法】以‘沙巴’‘四季早生’‘福冈’‘阿根廷’4个树葡萄品种的嫩/老叶为试材,对清除DPPH·、·OH、ABTS+3种自由基的能力、抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性、多酚及黄酮含量进行测定。【结果】4个品种树葡萄嫩/老叶片提取物均表现出不同程度的抗氧化能力和很强的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,且嫩叶提取物的活性明显高于同品种老叶提取物;3种抗氧化活性评价结果均表明‘沙巴’嫩叶醇提物的抗氧化活性最强,‘四季早生’嫩叶次之,‘福冈’老叶最弱;4个品种的新/老叶醇提物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的半抑制率(IC50)范围为1.99~38.71 mg·L-1,抑制活性均远高于阳性对照‘阿卡波糖’(IC50为3 133.47 mg·L-1);叶片中多酚与黄酮含量也表现出嫩叶极显著高于老叶(P0.01),多酚和黄酮质量分数分别介于53.92~274.72 mg·g-1、49.84~214.82 mg·g-1;抗氧化能力、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力与叶片多酚含量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),与黄酮含量不具有显著相关性(P0.05)。【结论】4个树葡萄品种中,‘沙巴’嫩叶提取物抗氧化活性、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性及多酚含量最高,是开发天然抗氧化剂和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的良好来源。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
SUMMARYD-amygdalin is a toxic compound found in the kernels of some bitter almond cultivars.This compound is toxic because of its potential to release poisonous hydrogen cyanide. The D-amygdalin contents of the kernels of 18 commercial almond cultivars (Prunus dulcis Mill. = Amygdalus communis L.) and three wild genotypes (Amygdalus webbii Spach.) were determined by HPLC. In initial tests, two extraction procedures [100% (v/v) methanol or 4% (w/v) citric acid)], two different kernel cutting sizes (powdered or roughly-cut pieces), and two shaking techniques (mechanical shaking or sonication) were assessed. The results obtained showed that the method of extraction can have a strong effect on the extent of recovery of the potentially toxic compound, which varied by a factor of approx. 20-fold across the different extraction techniques.The greatest recovery of D-amygdalin from wild almond kernels was achieved with mechanical shaking of roughly-cut kernels in 100% (v/v) methanol, and this procedure was applied for all subsequent analyses of the D-amygdalin contents of all genotypes. The highest amounts of D-amygdalin were found in “bitter” cultivars and wild genotypes (716 – 23,025 mg kg–1), with lower values in “sweet” cultivars (0 – 158 mg kg–1). High levels of variability were observed both among the 18 almond cultivars and the A. webbii genotypes tested. 相似文献
15.
L. S. Berard 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):417-422
The mineral content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Al, B and Mo in cabbage plants was measured on (1) leaf midribs at three sampling times from early heading in the field until the 126th day of storage at 1°C and 92% r.h., and (2) on the midrib, top and bottom parts of the outer-head leaves of cabbage cvs Safekeeper and Hidena after storage. Cabbages were from N treatments at 0, 90, 180 and 270 kg N ha-1 of calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate. Generally, the midrib mineral content decreased markedly from heading until the end of storage. The bottom leaf part of the tolerant cv. Hidena had a higher S, B, Mn and Mo contents while that of the disorder- susceptible cv. Safekeeper had a lower Mn/Zn ratio. The susceptibility of the basal leaf mesophyll to grey speck disease is tentatively explained by a Zn-induced Mn deficiency aggravated by nitrate treatments and lower S, B and Mo accumulation in tissues of the susceptible cultivar. 相似文献
16.
The mechanism of chiiling-injury in fruits of eggplants (Solanum melongena L. cultivar ‘Hyonaga’) was investigated by determining the sugar and organic acid content during cold storage and after exposure to low temperature for various periods. Fructose, glucose and maltose were detected, and totalled more than 96% of total sugar on the initial day. Total sugar content increased to 30% higher than the initial day after 2 days of cold storage, and after that decreased gradually, while in 20° C-stored fruits it decreased sharply. Fructose, glucose and maltose increased rapidly after transfer from 1° C to 20° C. Succinic, oxalic, malic and citric acid were detected before storage. Malic and citric acid were found to be the main organic acids. The ratio of malic/citric acid in fruits stored at 1°C decreased during storage, while after storage at 20°C it increased. The ratio in fruits after transfer from 1°C to 20°C increased rapidly during the time course. The ratio of malic/citric acid ranged from 6.0 to 6.8 in healthy fruits, while it was below 5.9 or above 7.3 in chilled fruits. It is suggested that according to this ratio the degree of chilling-injury of eggplant fruits might be foreseen. 相似文献
17.
Yoon Ha Kim Abdul Latif Khan Muhammad Hamayun Jung Tae Kim Joon Hee Lee In Cheon Hwang Cheoul Su Yoon In-Jung Lee 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
The effect of Prohexadione Calcium (Pro-Ca) and daminozide was observed on the growth characteristics and endogenous gibberellin contents of Chrysanthemum morifolium R. cv Monalisa White. Three concentrations viz. 100, 200 and 400 ppm of Pro-Ca and a single concentration of daminozide (800 ppm) were applied three times with 7 days interval on three weeks old plant under greenhouse condition. Pro-Ca suppressed the plant length up to 30.7% while daminozide inhibited up to 27.12% at optimum concentration. The chlorophyll contents and stem diameter were higher than control, while the fresh weight and flower number insignificantly reduced with such treatments. Gibberellin (GA) analysis showed that Pro-Ca and daminozide application significantly lowered bioactive GA1 content, although the amount of its immediate precursor GA20 was fractionally higher. Bioactive GA4 content was slightly higher than the control while significant difference in GA9 was found between the plants treated with Pro-Ca and daminozide. Current study showed that both early C13 hydroxylation and non-C13 hydroxylation pathways of GA biosynthesis are operational in C. morifolium. 相似文献
18.
This study was conducted at the Seongju Fruit Vegetable Experiment Station for 2 years, 2002–2003 to investigate the effect of pollination methods on development and sugar content of oriental melon fruits. Oriental melon fruit was pollinated by honeybees (Apis indica) and bumblebees (Bombus ignitus) and fruit setting growth regulators was used as a control treatment. Fruits pollinated by honeybees and bumblebees has lesser length and width of fruit compared to the control. Pollinated by bumblebees increased hardness and soluble solids of fruits by 27% and 4–5% and that of honeybees increased hardness and soluble solids of fruits by 12% and 5–10% compared to the control, respectively. Fermented fruit ratio (%) of oriental melon fruit pollinated by honeybees, bumblebees, and growth regulator was 6.7%, 9.1%, and 28.1%, respectively. Glucose, fructose and sucrose contents of fruits by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) were very low throughout the ripening stage, but abruptly increased at harvesting stage. In fructose content of fruits, pollination of bumblebees and honeybees was higher by 9% and by 13% than those of control, respectively. The amount of total sugar content in fully ripen fruits of oriental melon was not different between the treatments (P > 0.05). Total sugar content (%) of fruits pollinated by bumblebees was slowly decreased until 15 days after storage compared to that of other treatment. For the low fermented fruit ratio (%) and slowly reduced total sugar content at storage of fruits, the pollination of bees was more useful than fruit setting growth regulators in early cultivation of oriental melon under plastic houses. The economic analysis according to the pollination method will be needed in the near future. 相似文献
19.
SummaryIncreasing need for salt-tolerant turfgrasses continues due to population growth in arid and semi-arid regions where potable water is limited, while soil and existing water sources are salty. Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp. L. C. Rich) is widely used in these areas. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the salt-tolerance of ten cultivars of bermudagrass under a high saline soil and water environment. Five salinity levels of irrigation water (3.30, 6.93, 10.2, 14.8 and 17.8 dS m–1) were prepared and 30 pots were surfaced-irrigated at each salinity level for 1 year. Overall top growth, root growth, K content and K:Na ratio were reduced by 75%, 45%, 77% and 94.5%, respectively; while leaf-firing, shoot Cl and shoot Na concentrations were increased by 4%, 498% and 356%, respectively, when the salinity increased from 3.3 dS m–1 to 17.8 dS m–1. Regarding the salt-tolerance of cultivars, ‘Tifway’ was superior in top growth, percentage leaf-firing, Na uptake and K:Na ratio, ‘ISF2’ in root growth, and ‘Tifdwarf’ in Cl uptake. Although ‘Tifway’ showed the greatest reduction in root dry weight, it had the lowest level of leaf-firing and lowest reduction in top growth, which could be due to having the lowest Na uptake. Cultivars exhibited marked differences in their response to salinity; however, no mortality was observed, indicating that all cultivars tolerated the salinity levels used in the experiment. 相似文献
20.
《果树学报》2017,(4)
【目的】了解不同葡萄品种的花色苷组分特征。【方法】采用高效液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-MS)法对8个特色葡萄品种成熟期果皮花色苷组分及含量进行测定分析。【结果】不同品种的果皮花色苷质量分数以‘摩尔多瓦’最高,为8 131.08 mg·kg~(-1),其次是‘蜜萄斯’‘阿考龙’‘福客’,为7 016.25~7 546.66 mg·kg~(-1),而‘天赐’‘赤霞珠’的花色苷较低,分别为2 608.59和2 442.87 mg·kg~(-1),且均由二甲花翠素类、甲基花翠素类、花翠素类,以及花青素类、甲基花青素类花色苷组成,但不同葡萄品种单体花色苷所占比例不同。二甲花翠素类花色苷是所测品种的主要花色苷,其所占比例最高,达80.76%。‘赤霞珠’与‘天赐’、‘蜜萄斯’与‘阿考龙’、‘早巨峰’与‘摩尔多瓦’的花色苷组成比例相似度较高,而‘贝克’及‘福客’花色苷组成与上述品种差异较大。不同品种的花色苷修饰程度以‘贝克’最高,为99.41%,其次是‘摩尔多瓦’及‘天赐’,分别为96.51%、94.60%,‘福客’修饰程度最低,为81.20%。‘赤霞珠’‘天赐’‘蜜萄斯’与‘阿考龙’不含双葡萄糖苷,属欧亚种葡萄,而‘早巨峰’‘摩尔多瓦’‘福客’及‘贝克’主要为双葡萄糖苷花色苷,不属于欧亚种葡萄。通过主成分及聚类分析,‘蜜萄斯’与‘阿考龙’、‘赤霞珠’与‘天赐’最为接近,‘早巨峰’‘贝克’‘摩尔多瓦’‘福客’花色苷组分关系则较远。【结论】不同葡萄品种单体花色苷所占比例有明显差异,二甲花翠素类花色苷是所测品种的主要花色苷,大部分欧亚种葡萄中含量次高的花色苷是甲基花青素类,而欧美杂交种葡萄中则是甲基花翠素类;‘摩尔多瓦’‘蜜萄斯’及‘阿考龙’花色苷含量及修饰程度均较高,具有染色品种的功能。 相似文献