共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
绿色植物对室内空气污染的净化作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
综述了绿色植物对室内空气污染物的净化效果、作用途径与转化机理、影响因素及植物的生理与分子耐受机理等方面的最新研究。不同室内观赏植物对室内挥发性有机污染物甲醛、苯系物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯)等的清除能力不同,且同种植物对不同室内污染物的净化具有选择特性。植物会吸收空气中的污染物,通过自身新陈代谢途径将其分解、转化或作为碳源同化,但不同处理下,相关代谢酶的作用并不相同,信号转导与代谢通路亟待深入研究。植物种类、空气污染物分子特性、气孔与角质层的成分、植物叶面积、光照条件与光合作用类型等均会影响植物的净化效率。植物对污染物的净化能力与自身对污染物的抵抗能力无明显正相关性。笔者认为还需进一步强化高效净化植物的筛选、深入研究复合污染问题与联合修复技术、改善实验装置、持续考察净化过程、加速代谢组学研究和生物技术应用,从而更有效地净化与美化环境。 相似文献
2.
Tests and study were carried out on indoor air bacteria pollution in dwelling house inChongqing city. Based on the data of measured bacteria concentration of the indoor air,the reasons for indoor air pollution were analyzed. Ith was found that the bacteria seriously polluted the indoor air. The main factors influencing the indoor air bacteria pollution are moisture, natural ventilation and lighting conditions. The construction forms and decoration of the dwelling house are the secondary reasons for indoor air bacteria pollution. Measures and suggestions of preventing the indoor air bacteria pollution and improving the indoor air quality and environmental quality were presented. 相似文献
3.
Dong Qiang 《保鲜与加工》1993,(1)
Since 1988, air temperature, humidity, air quality, noise level and intensity of illumination in lots of dancing halls in China have been investigated and tested. This paper introduces the present situation of indoor environment and air conditioning systems in dancing halls of China. The design indexes of cooling load for room and ontside air are recommended. The reasons for indoor environment deterioration have been found out. From the actual situation of China, the ways for imoroving indoor environment and approach of energy conservation in air conditioning systems are explored. 相似文献
4.
We analyze the generation, transmission and living mechanism of indoor airborne microbes and present two commonly used engineering control methods for microbial contamination: ventilation and air filtration. A mathematical calculation model is developed to incorporate the two ways likely having significant impact on microbial contamination control. We also discuss the relationship between different ventilation parameters and microbial concentration, provide some design equations for determination of microbial filtration efficiency, and calculate the efficiency of air filters used in certain buildings. The results show that the natural ventilation is not a good contamination control for airborne microbes when they are a main indoor pollutant; mechanical ventilation should be used in such cases. If the atmospheric airborne microbes cannot be neglected or its indoor concentration is high, incorporating ventilation with air filtration is a good way to control indoor airborne microbial contamination. Enhancement of filter efficiency at various levels used in central air conditioning systems is helpful for improving indoor microbial contamination control condition. 相似文献
5.
CHEN Qi_gao FU Zheng_hui DONG Zi_zhong LIU Cai_feng 《保鲜与加工》1999,(4):45-49
This paper is attempted to solve the problem of contradiction of building energy efficiency with indoor air quality.Quadrangle has the character of improving indoor air quality,since it always refreshes air intelligently.The courtyard has a long air column covering over the courtyard and the insulation of such a thick air layer can resist heat loss.As oxygen from outer space enters the courtyard,the energy can be recovered by oxygen.So,the contradiction of building energy efficiency with indoor air quality can be solved.The indoor air quality can be improved by the quadrangle combined with solar houses. 相似文献
6.
The simulation model of hybrid radiant cooling floor and displacement ventilation air conditioning system was built and analyzed by software EnergyPlus. By comparing the simulation results and experimental data, it is shown that the simulated indoor air temperature and cooling capacity provided by radiant floor was ±7% deviated from the experimental data. Based on the model, with the change of supply air parameters or supply water parameters, the cooling capacity provided by radiant floor and displacement ventilation, surface temperature of radiant floor, indoor air average temperature, AUST temperature were obtained. Combined with the indoor thermal comfort model, when indoor thermal comfort index PMV varied between -0.5 and 0.5, the recommended supply air and supply water parameters were obtained to provide reference for engineering design and application. 相似文献
7.
室内植物对甲醛净化性能的研究进展 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
随着人们生活水平的提高,室内空气净化已成为人们普遍关心的问题,而甲醛作为室内空气污染的头号杀手,引起了人们的巨大关注。笔者简述室内甲醛污染的来源、危害以及净化甲醛的重要性。与物理吸附、化学吸收、光催化和生物降解等技术相比,植物净化甲醛技术具有自然、环保、操作简单的特点,已经成为室内甲醛净化和室内植物景观研究的热点和前沿科学之一。综述植物净化甲醛的国内外研究进展,着重从吸附净化、代谢净化及根际微生物的降解净化等3方面阐述植物净化甲醛的机理,介绍植物净化甲醛的毒理研究进展,同时指出目前研究中存在的主要问题,并进一步提出未来的研究发展方向。 相似文献
8.
活性炭和植物吸收对室内空气甲醛净化的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
城市住宅的室内空气污染十分严重,甲醛已经成为中国目前室内空气中的首要污染物。本实验以绿萝、常春藤与活性炭为研究对象,采用密闭箱法进行了净化甲醛能力的研究。实验结果表明,绿萝、常春藤与活性炭均对室内甲醛有良好的净化作用,24 h后的甲醛净化能力大小依次为：常春藤＋活性炭（甲醛去除率38.27%）＞常春藤（34.31%）＞绿萝＋活性炭（32.20%）＞绿萝（5.61%）＞活性炭（3.73%）;10天后的净化效果排序为：常春藤＋活性炭（69.91%）＞绿萝＋活性炭（64.28%）＞常春藤（60.44%）＞活性炭（57.50%）＞绿萝（24.99%）。植物与活性炭联合作用对甲醛净化效果比单一用植物或活性炭效果好,而且长期作用比短期作用效果好。 相似文献
9.
The heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings is influenced by the behavior of indoor living personnel.On the basis of research and analysis,two kinds of calculation modes reflecting the behavior of indoor living personnel are estimated.Under two kinds of different calculation modes,by using the building thermal environment simulation Toolkit DeST to simulate the energy consumption calculation for certain residential building in Shanghai,and the simulation results are compared with the research results.The influence of calculation mode on heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai is analyzed in this paper.In order to obtain the right simulation calculation method correctly reflecting the energy consumption of residential buildings.This method can be used for analysis and evaluation of heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai,and it can serve as instruction for right energy design of residence building. 相似文献
10.
低温送风空调系统引进新型冰蓄冷设备,采用正丁烷作为制冷剂,制冷剂与水直接接触,换热更强烈且稳定。为了研究该系统相应㶲损因素条件下的节能薄弱环节,实现系统性能优化,基于该系统及各表冷器㶲分析模型,分析了热湿比、新风比、送风温差等㶲损因素对系统㶲效率和各表冷器㶲损率的影响。结果表明:当热湿比变化时,处理二次混风的表冷器㶲损率随之呈正比变化,其他表冷器㶲损率及系统㶲效率随之呈反比变化;当新风比变化时,处理新风的两级表冷器㶲损率随之呈正比变化,其他表冷器㶲损率及系统㶲效率随之呈反比变化;当送风温差变化时,处理一次回风的表冷器㶲损率随之呈正比变化,其他表冷器㶲损率及系统㶲效率随之呈反比变化。 相似文献
11.
An experiment is conducted on the impact of green roof on Indoor Human Thermal Comfort. The result shows that the temperatures of the building walls and indoor air fall for certain degrees, and that is good. But unfortunately, the relative humidity of the indoor air rises. Totally speaking, the whole effect is changed from feeling warm to basically acceptable. When the requirement of the indoor environment is high, it is impossible to be satisfied by exploiting green roof solely, other methods, such as using night ventilation, electric fans or air-conditioners, should be taken at the same time. 相似文献
12.
Tatural ventilation of indoor air flow and thermal comfort space plays an important role, especial y in the interior design of passive cooling factors, indoor space layout, and the location of doors, windows and other factors on the indoor natural ventilation effect has great influence. Using the method of fluid mechanics, and Airpak3.0 software, indoor natural ventilation for residential buildings was simulated, and the thermal comfort of indoor natural ventilation in a residential building in Xuzhou City was analyzed to explore the effect of indoor spatial layout, location of doors, window opening types on indoor natural ventilation. The results showed that indoor spatial layout played an essential role in indoor natural ventilation, application of numerical simulation for the simulation of the indoor natural ventilation and assessment of indoor natural ventilation effect was a scientific instruction for the indoor spatial design. 相似文献
13.
In this paper, the university teaching buildings in Chongqing are taken as study object, and the indoor thermal environment of classroom is studied with the ways of investigation and testing, in which the indoor thermal environment of classroom is characterized by two aspects: personal and impersonal. The accepted thermal environment range of the classroom in summer is obtained. The difference between predicted thermal sensation and measured one as well as the influence of air velocity on thermal sensation are analyzed. Some measures to improve indoor thermal quality are proposed. 相似文献
14.
In the past, the temperature was used as the sole quota to control the indoor thermal environment in hot summer and cold winter areas of China, but a major quota, the relative air moisture, was often ignored. In this paper, the effect of relative air moisture on indoor thermal environment is analyzed. The results show that the energy consumption can be reduced and comfortable thermal environment can be provided under natural condition by regulating the indoor moisture. 相似文献
15.
Fuzzy PID controller was applied in variable air volume system. The task was to control the temperature of supply air and the temperature of air conditioned room (the return air temperature) close to their respective targets. The fuzzy PID control system of supply air temperature and return air temperature was designed respectively. The supply air temperature was controlled through adjusting the valve opening of chilled water. And the indoor temperature was controlled through adjusting the rotational speed of variable frequency ventilator. The supply air temperature and the indoor temperature (return air temperature) were controlled online by fuzzy PID controller. Thus, it was shown that the design of fuzzy PID controller was reasonable and the effect of fuzzy PID control was well. 相似文献
16.
基于随机森林算法的日光温室内气温预测模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
开展日光温室气温预报,为农业生产提供参考,指导农户采取调控措施,为作物生长提供适宜条件,促进品质和产量提升。研究选取温室外气温、日照等气象因子,建立随机森林算法预测模型,就室内最低、最高气温进行拟合预测分析和预测因子重要性评估。结果表明,温室内最低、最高气温拟合值与观察值的拟合度分别达99.69%和99.85%,温室外最低气温是室内最低气温的重要预测因子,室外日照是室内最高气温的重要预测因子。同时建立支持向量机、神经网络、多元回归、逐步回归模型,通过对各个模型中平均绝对误差、均方根误差等3个指标进行比较,得出随机森林模型的预测精度优于其他模型。基于随机森林算法的气温预测模型精确度较高,可推广应用到后期日光温室气温预测中。 相似文献
17.
In order to evaluate the air distribution using CFD method scientifically, former evaluation indexes of air distribution are modified by quality weighting method. A numerical simulation model is developed for the calculation and verified by experiment. Indoor air distribution in four operating modes of ceiling mounted indoor unit is simulated with the model. Comparing the existing evaluation indexes and the modified ones, it is found that significant differences in the indexes result in different evaluation results and the modified ones are more reasonable and appropriate. 相似文献
18.
The high humidity makes the indoor air quality sultry. The porous saline materials can function as efficient humidity conditioner. On the basis of analyzing mass exchange process between porous saline materials and air, the computational method of the moisture exchange rate on the porous saline materials surface is established. A number of methods for enhancing the humidity conditioning of porous saline materials are suggested. 相似文献
19.
To study the climatic control strategies of the residential building indoor acceptable thermal environment, firstly, based on adaptive model, integrated indoor activities, clothes and spot investigation on air velocity of residential building, this paper calculates an acceptable temperature range. Secondly, through state-space techniques, common passive regulating technologies in residential building have been simulated, including different ventilation rates and divided-period setting ventilation effect on indoor temperature. Meanwhile, monthly regulating methods for ventilation have been proposed. Thirdly, through ventilation technology, effective regulating zone of outdoor climate parameters have been analyzed, which is combined with hythergraph of outdoor temperature, humidity, solar radiation and air velocity. Taking the characteristics of the human thermal comfort adaptability into consideration, the energy-saving potential of the study results is also analyzed. 相似文献
20.
It is worthwhile for saving energy and protecting environment to use conductive concrete as an indoor heating engineering material. Indoor temperature is the key concern of heating system. Based on convection, radiation and Joule effect, a method to calculate temperature of concrete and indoor air was presented. The method did not need to model the air, which simplified the preprocessing. The numerical result agreed with experiment satisfactorily, with a difference of 2.40%, which proved the correctness of the model. Numerical tests of different conditions showed that electrical resistivity with higher potential than power voltage and concrete thickness was the key to increase heating efficiency. 相似文献