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1.
On microscopic examination after experimental infection with Paramphistomum cervi, tissue reactions in the duodenum were more pronounced during early stages of the infection (20th day post-infection (DPI)). Immature parasites were seen migrating to the muscularis layer, and focal infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes was observed in the lamina propria and in the interstitial tissue of Brunner's gland. At places, there was cystic dilatation of Brunner's gland. At 40 DPI, the parasite was not present in the duodenal sections, and cellular infiltration was more diffuse and consistent. With the passage of time, the tissue reactions and cellular infiltration in the duodenum became less pronounced, but at 80 days parasites were attached to the villi of the rumen. Infiltration of mononuclear cells in the supporting connective tissue of the rumen was also observed. Thus, it is concluded that the immature forms of Paramphistomum cervi caused more severe damage in the duodenal tissue, whereas the adult form inflicted mild tissue damage in the rumen of the experimental kids.  相似文献   

2.
The use of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in birds has been documented for cardiac, urogenital, and liver disease. However, its use in gastrointestinal tract disease is not defined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the ultrasonographic findings of the intestine and liver of six healthy racing pigeons with those of six racing pigeons with gastrointestinal disease. The echogenicity of the liver was significantly different between the two groups. Pigeons with gastrointestinal disease had less homogeneous liver echogenicity with focal heterogeneous areas and the hepatic blood vessels were visible and dilated. The duodenum was visualized and its mean diameter of 7.2 +/- 0.3 mm in the diseased pigeons was significantly wider (P < or = 0.001) than the 5.7 +/- 0.2 mm in healthy birds. The thickness of the duodenal wall in healthy and diseased pigeons was 1.6 +/- 0.1 and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mm, respectively, and they were significantly different (P < or = 0.001). We defined baseline measurements for the duodenal loop in pigeons and provided evidence that ultrasound can be a useful diagnostic tool for investigating intestinal disease in pigeons.  相似文献   

3.
The polymerase chain reaction and cultural method was applied to detect Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (M. p.) in fecal samples of 165 suspected and of 35 diseased cattle, 18 intestinal tissues and 14 lymph nodes of diseased ruminants as well as organ material (n = 10) were also tested. An agreement (+/+, -/-) in the results between both methods was found in 89.7% of all cases examined. 12.7% of samples of suspected and 9.1% of diseased animals were only positive by PCR. In cases of intestinal lymph node and tissue as well as udder tissue of diseased cattle a total agreement between PCR and culture was observed. Lymph node of lung of one diseased cow was positive only in PCR.  相似文献   

4.
An experiment was carried out to examine the responses of Aleutian and standard dark types of mink to inoculations of formalintreated suspensions of tissues of mink with experimentally transmitted plasmacytosis. Control groups of mink received similar injections of normal Aleutian mink tissues or diseased tissues without formalin treatment. A second experiment was conducted to test the formalinized diseased tissue suspension for immunogenic value. Groups of mink which received one, two, or three doses of “vaccine” were later challenged with virulent inocula. Additional groups of mink served as unvaccinated and environmental controls.

Treatment with 0.3% formalin with fine trituration and incubation at 37°C was effective in preventing the development of plasmacytosis in inoculated mink. These mink remained susceptible to subsequent challenge with untreated diseased tissue suspensions. No immunity was demonstrated in the vaccinated mink. Mink inoculated with normal mink tissues did not develop plasmacytosis, nor did uninoculated environmental controls.

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5.
The sonographic features of intestinal mast cell tumors (MCT) were reviewed in 14 cats. The mean age was 13.4 ± 2.5 years. There were 16 focal intestinal tumors and one diffuse submucosal infiltrate. The most common pattern was focal, hypoechoic wall thickening that was noncircumferential and eccentric (9/16 tumors) or circumferential, asymmetric, and eccentric (5/16 tumors). Nine of the cats had lesions in the jejunum or duodenum, four were at the ileocecocolic junction, and one cat had a colonic mass. Six MCTs had altered but not loss of wall layering, and the most commonly affected layer on ultrasound examination was the muscularis propria. Nine cats had enlarged abdominal lymph nodes, and seven were due to metastatic disease. Metastatic disease was not routinely detected by ultrasound in the liver (1/4 cats) or the spleen (0/3 cats). Concurrent small cell (T cell) lymphoma was present in four of 14 cats (29%).  相似文献   

6.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a colony environment predisposes healthy cats to high bacterial counts, including counts of obligate anaerobes, in the duodenum and whether increased numbers of bacteria could be found in the duodenum of cats with signs of chronic gastrointestinal tract disease. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 20 healthy control cats (10 from a colony environment and 10 pet cats) and 19 cats with a history of chronic gastrointestinal tract disease. PROCEDURE: Undiluted duodenal fluid was quantitatively and qualitatively assessed by bacteriologic culture under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Serum concentrations of cobalamin and folate were also measured. RESULTS: Significant differences were not detected in the numbers of bacteria found in the duodenum of cats housed in a colony environment, compared with pet cats fed an identical diet prior to sampling. All healthy cats were, therefore, combined into 1 control group. Compared with healthy cats, cats with clinical signs of gastrointestinal tract disease had significantly lower counts of microaerophilic bacteria, whereas total, anaerobic, and aerobic bacterial counts were not significantly different. None of the cats with disease had total bacterial counts higher than expected from the range established in the control cats. Differences were not detected in regard to serum folate or cobalamin concentrations between diseased and healthy cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings indicated that healthy colony cats and pet cats have high numbers of bacteria in the duodenum, including high numbers of obligate anaerobes. Our findings also suggest that bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine is not a common clinical syndrome in cats with chronic nonobstructive gastrointestinal tract disease.  相似文献   

7.
The 90 chickens were randomly divided into control group, E.necatrix one time infection group and E.necatrix two times infection group.We used duplex PCR method to test the expression changes of HSP-90 mRNA in intestinal tissue of chickens infected with E.necatrix and researched the effects of it comprehensively and systematically.The results were showed that after 0 to 14 days the expression of HSP-90 mRNA in intestinal tissues of 14-day-old chickens infected with E.necatrix presented a upward trend though it was lower than the control chickens.These chickens were infected with E.necatrix again at 28 days, HSP-90 mRNA expressions of duodenum, jejunum and ileum decreased and then increased.However, it always showed a downward trend in appendix.When 28 days chickens were infected with high-does E.necatrix once, HSP-90 mRNA expressions of duodenum, jejunum and appendix were in a declining curve.While it was increased originally and then decreased in ileum.This study indicated that HSP-90 mRNA expressions in intestinal tissue of chickens infected with E.necatrix were inhibited at first, and the expression quantity was closely related to the degrees of intestinal tissue damage.  相似文献   

8.
将90只海蓝褐雏鸡随机分为对照组、毒害艾美耳球虫(E.necatrix)一次感染组和毒害艾美耳球虫两次感染组,应用二重PCR方法,通过对肠道组织热休克蛋白-90 (HSP-90) mRNA表达的检测,较全面系统地研究了毒害艾美耳球虫感染对雏鸡肠道组织HSP-90 mRNA表达的影响。结果发现,14日龄雏鸡经口第一次感染毒害艾美耳球虫后0~14 d,其肠道组织HSP-90 mRNA表达虽然不同程度的低于对照雏鸡,但总体呈上升趋势;上述雏鸡于28日龄时再次攻击性感染毒害艾美耳球虫,其十二指肠、空肠和回肠HSP-90 mRNA表达均呈先下降后上升,而盲肠HSP-90 mRNA表达始终呈下降趋势。28日龄雏鸡一次性大剂量感染毒害艾美耳球虫后,其十二指肠、空肠、盲肠HSP-90 mRNA表达均下降,而回肠HSP-90 mRNA表达先下降后上升。结果表明毒害艾美耳球虫感染雏鸡初期,肠道组织HSP-90 mRNA表达受到一定抑制,其表达量与肠道组织细胞损伤程度密切相关。  相似文献   

9.
The intestines from 124 dead, sick and normal broiler chickens from 24 cases of necrotic enteritis were subjected to histological examination. Tissue sections from the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and ceca from each broiler were examined histologically for lesions of necrotic enteritis and the presence of coccidia. Lesions of necrotic enteritis were present in one or more areas of the intestine in all but six of 94 dead or sick birds and they were most common and severe in the jejunum. Coccidia were found in only small numbers in both diseased and normal birds.

Brown and Brenn stained sections showed Gram-positive bacilli intimately associated with early necrotic lesions on the tips of villi. Tissue sections from the intestines of sick birds permitted a proposed pathogenesis for this disease with the lesion starting at the tips of villi.

The similarity in pathogenesis and pathological lesions in this disease of broilers and Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in baby pigs is discussed.

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10.
Remodelling of the collagen matrix of the myocardium has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy, a major cause of heart failure in Doberman pinschers. The aim of this study was to characterise the myocardial collagen matrix of Dobermans. In clinically normal Dobermans there was evidence of focal fibrosis. Collagen cross-links were altered in both diseased and clinically normal Doberman myocardium as compared with myocardium from control dogs. Extensive remodelling, in the form of a loss of collagen tethers, increased collagen synthesis and alterations in the collagen cross-links, occurs in diseased Doberman myocardium. Changes in the collagenous matrix are also present in apparently normal Dobermans. These changes are likely to be involved in the progression of the disease and may explain the predisposition of this breed to dilated cardiomyopathy.  相似文献   

11.
The degree of penetration into the stomach and duodenum of the horse by bot fly larvae, Gasterophilus intestinalis (De Geer) and G. nasalis (Linnaeus) (Diptera : Gasterophilidae) was evaluated. Evidence of larval perforation of the stomach or duodenum was not found on gross inspection. Palpation of the intact stomach and duodenum was not effective in establishing the existence of Gasterophilus larvae within the organs. Findings suggest that larvae of both species produce an ulcer of similar depth within the gastrointestinal wall. The ulcer depth produced by larvae did not correlate with the normal, unaffected thickness of the particular stomach or duodenum. Tissue proliferation beneath ulcers of the stomach and duodenum was not correlated with the depth of the ulcer. Proliferation of the tissue beneath the ulcers of the stomach generally exceeded that found under duodenal ulcers. Gastric wall beneath the G. intestinalis ulcer frequently attained a thickness equal to or greater than the normal stomach wall. Histopathological examinations below the ulcer revealed intense fibrosis. Duodenal thickness below the G. nasalis ulcer was typically less than normal and resulted in an attenuated wall. Histopathological analysis of the affected duodenum revealed severe loss of submucosal glands in a sharply demarcated area below and surrounding the lesion. Fibrosis of the underlying lamina propria mucosae and tunica submucosa was appreciable but failed to restore the original thickness of the duodenal wall. Host tissue response and moderation of the parasite' s behavior reduce the chances of direct perforation of the gastrointestinal tissue.  相似文献   

12.
为探究鸭坦布苏病毒(DTMUV)在贵州省鸭群的流行,对疑似DTMUV感染肉种鸭进行剖检,观察发病鸭内脏器官病变。取病鸭内脏组织进行RT-PCR检测确诊为DTMUV感染,将病料处理后接种BHK-21细胞,进行RT-PCR鉴定和透射电镜观察,确定分离到DTMUV,并将病料组织制作病理切片。结果显示,接种BHK-21出现明显CPE,电镜观察见病毒颗粒。将分离毒株的E基因经PCR扩增后测序,分析E基因氨基酸序列的同源性,发现所分离毒株与中国北京鸭源参考株同源性最高达99.39%,而与我国早期分离参考株(FX2010)同源性较低,将病料制作切片并进行HE染色,可见脑组织非化脓性脑炎,脾脏淋巴细胞减少,肝细胞变性坏死。本研究成功在贵州省分离到一株DTMUV,对其遗传进化进行分析,为探究贵州省养鸭地区DTMUV的感染和致病提供参考。  相似文献   

13.
Neutralizing activity against porcine enterovirus strain T80 was demonstrated in the contents of the stomach, duodenum or ileum of four piglets which were suckling dams whose milk contained neutralizing substances against the same virus. No neutralizing activity was detected in the gastrointestinal contents of an unsuckled piglet or in four weaned piglets. Extracts of intestinal tissue from each of the above piglets failed to neutralize the virus. Four weaned piglets were dosed orally with live T80 virus. From nine days after infection virus neutralizing activity was found in extracts of tissue prepared from the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon but not in the contents of the gastrointestinal tract and a serological response to the virus was demonstrated. No virus neutralizing activity was detected in gastrointestinal tissue or contents from four weaned piglets inoculated parenterally with live T80 virus or in four piglets dosed orally with inactivated T80 virus and these piglets did not respond serologically to the virus.  相似文献   

14.
Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) is an effective clinical therapy for reconstruction of the ocular surface in human and veterinary patients. Amnion is avascular and strong, contains antiangiogenic and antiinflammatory properties and growth factors, and has properties that prevent or decrease fibrosis in healing tissue. Indications for its use are steadily growing and include grafting to replace diseased, missing or excised tissue, patching to support diseased tissue during the healing process and as a substrate for the expansion of epithelial cells for transplantation to the cornea. AMT through a combination of mechanical and biologic factors can preserve the integrity of the globe, optimize the visual outcome, and minimize scarring in severely diseased corneas.  相似文献   

15.
北京鸭的胰腺分叶及其排泄管道   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
本实验共用北京鸭30只,颈动脉放血,福尔马林固定。在对胰腺的解剖观察中,发现一条前人未曾报道过的第一胰管。观察结果如下:北京鸭的胰腺,位于十二指肠升袢和降袢之间,分为背侧胰叶、腹侧胰叶和脾胰叶。背侧胰叶和腹侧胰叶在多数个体彼此分离,少数个体两叶间有腺组织相连。脾胰叶仅和背侧胰叶相连。自背侧胰叶尾端发出第一胰管,在十二指肠升、降袢转折处附近通入十二指肠升袢肠壁,该胰管前人未报道过。自背侧胰叶和腹侧胰叶的头端,分别发出背侧胰管和腹侧胰管,在十二指肠末端,肝小肠管和胆囊小肠管入肠处的前方入肠。  相似文献   

16.
Using a pharmacokinetic model based on drug concentrations in tissue fluids of normal animals, calculated withdrawal times were compared with the observations made in emergency-slaughtered diseased animals. After multiplying the calculated withdrawal times for muscle and kidney cortex tissues by a factor of 2 to 3, and 4 to 5, respectively, a good estimate was obtained for predicting drug withdrawal times for diseased animals treated with beta-lactam antibiotics, oxytetracycline, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Criteria for determining three different drug tolerance levels of edible tissues were presented and discussed.  相似文献   

17.
Horse bone, liver, duodenum, caecum and kidney alkaline phosphatases were separated by a commercial agarose gel electrophoresis method with and without neuraminidase pretreatment, following the manufacturer's directions. Tissue extracts were obtained in saline solution and ALP extracted from cell membranes by the butanol method. Electrophoresis was performed using a TRIS/barbital/sodium barbital buffer with detergent, pH 8.6 to 9.0, at 250 V for 30 minutes. Bone, liver and kidney untreated extracts showed two ALP bands each, but with different relative migration (compared to albumin migration). When they were preincubated with neuraminidase, the two bone bands showed a marked decrease in their migration, followed by the kidney ALP bands and the most anodic band of liver Both intestinal untreated extracts showed three bands but with different mobilities. After preincubation with neuraminidase, the three bands of caecum mucosa decreased in their migration, and the most anodic duodenum band disappeared, overlapping the second one. When tissue extracts were incubated with wheat germ-lectin (WGL), 74.5% of bone extract ALP and 67.2% of caecum extract ALP precipitated, which demonstrated that the ALP band of both tissues have similar groups in the carbohydrate side chains. Horse serum showed two electrophoretic bands, which increased to three bands when treated with neuraminidase. ALP from hepatocytes was the dominant isoform, followed by a caecum band. Because the electrophoretic mobilities of some of the tissue bands studied were identical, the neuraminidase agarose electrophoretic method appeared to be a satisfactory alternative to separate them.  相似文献   

18.
The diagnosis of restriction of free movement of the flexor tendons through the fetlock canal usually rests on the characteristic clinical appearance of this condition, or airtendography. In a series of seven normal Warmblood horses and 16 diseased horses of various breeds, the efficacy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of this condition was determined. In normal limbs, the annular ligament is a very thin structure usually not visible on sonograms. In diseased limbs, ultrasonography outlined flexor tendon injury, distension and thickening of the digital sheath, peritendovaginal tissue proliferation and thickening of the annular ligament. Four different types of constriction syndrome were noticed. The first type (nine cases), was characterised by thickening of the annular ligament and distension of the digital sheath; the second type (three cases) was dominated by distension of the digital sheath; the third type (three cases) was characterised by superficial digital flexor tendon injury and thickening of the annular ligament and in the fourth type (one case), the constriction resulted from distension of the digital sheath and extensive peritendovaginal tissue proliferation.  相似文献   

19.
The possible neurotropism of ungulate lentivirus was examined in clinical cases. Brain and ganglion tissue samples were examined from six female goats with caprine arthritis encephalitis and from six healthy controls. Ultrastructural examination revealed typical cytoplasmic A type retrovirus particles in the neural tissue of the diseased does. None were seen in the respective controls. Furthermore, no budding or extracellular retrovirus particles were seen in any of the neural tissue samples examined.  相似文献   

20.
Ligated intestines of rabbits, mice, rats and chickens were used to examine the penetration of newly excysted juvenile flukes of Japanese Fasciola sp. in vitro. In rabbit intestines, the penetration rate was relatively high in the rectum and duodenum. Penetration rates in the jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon were comparable to those in the rectum and duodenum, although it was lower in the appendix. In the case of mouse, juvenile flukes penetrated the duodenum, jejunum, cecum, and rectum at considerably high rates. In rat intestine, penetration by flukes was less in the duodenum and rectum, although flukes were detected in the jejunum. In chicken intestine, flukes barely penetrated the duodenum, jejunum and rectum. Consequently, newly excysted flukes of Fasciola sp. seem to penetrate any region of the intestine in rabbits and mice. In rats, the middle small intestine may be the site suitable for flukes to penetrate. In chickens, the difficulty in penetration of the intestinal wall may be one of the reasons why chickens are scarcely infected with Fasciola sp.  相似文献   

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