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模拟干旱和盐碱胁迫对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子萌发的影响 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
为研究干旱和盐碱胁迫对碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)、盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)种子萌发的影响,比较碱蓬和盐地碱蓬逆境生理特性的异同,本研究利用PEG6000、NaCl和Na_2CO_3分别模拟干旱、盐和碱胁迫,配制相同渗透势的PEG6000、NaCl、Na_2CO_3处理液,以蒸馏水处理为对照,对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的萌发与胚的生长进行比较研究。结果表明:1)低渗处理(-0.46 MPa)对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的萌发无显著影响;高渗处理(-1.38MPa、-1.84 MPa)抑制碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的萌发。2)当溶液渗透势相等时,NaCl处理下碱蓬种子的萌发率显著大于PEG、Na_2CO_3处理;而等渗PEG、NaCl、Na_2CO_3处理对盐地碱蓬种子萌发率的影响无显著差异。3)PEG、NaCl、Na_2CO_3处理组碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的最终萌发率与对照无显著差异。4)在幼苗形成阶段,PEG、Na_2CO_3处理对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬胚的抑制作用显著大于等渗NaCl处理。5)碱蓬、盐地碱蓬胚的生长对NaCl、Na_2CO_3胁迫的响应存在差异。-0.92 MPa NaCl处理抑制碱蓬胚的生长,却对盐地碱蓬产生促进作用;-0.46 MPa Na_2CO_3处理对碱蓬胚的抑制作用小于盐地碱蓬。综合分析表明:碱蓬、盐地碱蓬均具有很强的抗盐性。在种子萌发阶段,碱蓬种子的抗旱、抗碱能力低于盐地碱蓬;在幼苗形成阶段,碱蓬胚的抗盐性小于盐地碱蓬,但对轻度碱胁迫的抗性高于盐地碱蓬。 相似文献
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为探讨不同辐射剂量对胡杨种子萌发的影响,筛选有助于提高胡杨种子耐盐性的辐射剂量,以新疆甘家湖采集的胡杨种子为材料,进行~(60)Co-γ射线辐射处理,辐射剂量分别为0(CK)、50、100、150、200Gy,研究辐射处理对不同NaCl浓度胁迫(0、25、50、150、250、300 mmol·L~(-1))下胡杨种子各发芽指标值和累计发芽率的影响。结果表明,在150 Gy辐射处理下,不同NaCl浓度胁迫下的平均发芽率、平均发芽势及平均相对发芽率高于其他处理,且相对盐害率降低;不同~(60)Co-γ辐射处理下的胡杨种子相对发芽率与NaCl浓度间存在极显著负相关关系;~(60)Co-γ射线辐射对NaCl胁迫下种子萌发的耐盐临界浓度为119～181 mmol·L~(-1);150 Gy为有助于提高胡杨种子耐盐性能的最适辐射剂量。本研究结果为胡杨种子的辐射育种技术的应用提供了一定的理论依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
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[目的]分析蒙古黄芪种子在不同浓度NaCl,Na_2SO_4和NaHCO_3处理下的种子萌发和幼苗生长情况,为蒙古黄芪在盐碱地的引种、驯化和种植提供理论依据。[方法]通过发芽盒进行种子萌发出苗试验,测定分析蒙古黄芪种子在不同浓度NaCl,Na_2SO_4和NaHCO_3处理下的萌发率、发芽势、相对盐害率及其苗根长、苗高及根茎比。[结果](1)蒙古黄芪种子在NaCl0.2%,Na_2SO_40.6%和NaHCO_30.3%的盐胁迫下能够正常发芽,萌发率和发芽势均高于对照,在大于此浓度的盐胁迫下萌发率和发芽势均开始下降。(2)蒙古黄芪种子在NaCl0.6%,Na_2SO_40.8%和NaHCO_30.3%时的相对盐害率为负值,促进种子萌发,大于此浓度时,相对盐害率为正值,抑制种子萌发。(3)蒙古黄芪幼苗的茎长、根长及根茎比随着盐浓度的增大而增大,当NaCl和Na_2SO_4浓度分别在0.4%和0.6%时,黄芪幼苗的茎长和根长达最大,NaHCO_3浓度分别在0.6%和0.3%时,黄芪幼苗的茎长和根长达最大,超过此浓度黄芪幼苗的茎长和根长开始减小;当NaCl,Na_2SO_4和NaHCO_3浓度分别为0.6%,0.8%和0.3%时根茎比达最大,分别为1.658,1.709,1.291,超过此浓度,根茎比开始下降,但均大于1。[结论]蒙古黄芪在NaCl0.6%,Na_2SO_40.8%和NaHCO_30.3%的盐胁迫下种子和幼苗能够正常萌发和生长。 相似文献
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不同盐分与水分胁迫对灰绿藜种子萌发效应研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
不同盐分与水分胁迫对灰绿藜种子萌发试验研究结果表明,>0 0 5mol/ L(PEG 6 0 0 0溶液渗透势为- 0 .2MPa)浓度盐溶液对灰绿藜种子萌发有明显抑制效应,而较低浓度盐溶液(较低渗透势PEG 6 0 0 0溶液)对种子萌发有促进作用。不同盐溶液对种子萌发抑制程度依次为MgCl2 >Na2 SO4>Na2 CO3 >NaCl>复合盐溶液>MgSO4。PEG 6 0 0 0溶液渗透势≤- 0 .5MPa时对种子萌发抑制作用小于等渗NaCl溶液。未萌发种子复水试验结果表明一定程度盐分与水分胁迫不影响种子萌发潜力,其萌发恢复率随原处理溶液抑制程度的增加而增加;种子萌发潜力未受影响时其忍受的最大渗透胁迫随处理溶液不同而异 相似文献
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为探讨不同辐射剂量对胡杨种子萌发的影响,筛选有助于提高胡杨种子耐盐性的辐射剂量,以新疆甘家湖采集的胡杨种子为材料,进行60Co-γ射线辐射处理,辐射剂量分别为0(CK)、50、100、150、200 Gy,研究辐射处理对不同NaCl浓度胁迫(0、25、50、150、250、300 mmol·L-1)下胡杨种子各发芽指标值和累计发芽率的影响。结果表明,在150 Gy辐射处理下,不同NaCl浓度胁迫下的平均发芽率、平均发芽势及平均相对发芽率高于其他处理,且相对盐害率降低;不同60Co-γ辐射处理下的胡杨种子相对发芽率与NaCl浓度间存在极显著负相关关系;60Co-γ射线辐射对NaCl胁迫下种子萌发的耐盐临界浓度为119~181 mmol·L-1;150 Gy为有助于提高胡杨种子耐盐性能的最适辐射剂量。本研究结果为胡杨种子的辐射育种技术的应用提供了一定的理论依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
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为了探索作物萌发期耐盐性评价的无损检测方法,采用100 mmol/L的NaCl溶液形成盐胁迫,研究了NaCl胁迫下2个玉米品种万瑞168号和郑单958号种子萌发过程中超弱光子辐射的变化规律。结果发现,在正常萌发过程中,2个玉米品种的种子自发光子辐射强度与鲜质量都呈现逐渐增长的趋势,相关系数r分别为0.962 51和0.982 27;在NaCl胁迫下,2个玉米品种的自发光子辐射强度与种子鲜质量的变化也呈现正相关,相关系数r分别为0.983 57和0.991 06,NaCl胁迫对萌发过程中2个玉米品种自发光子辐射和种子鲜质量的升高都有抑制作用。研究还发现,2个玉米品种在LED诱导下的延迟光子辐射也随着萌发进程逐渐增长,NaCl胁迫对2个玉米品种LED诱导下的延迟光子辐射的增长有不同的抑制作用。采用NaCl胁迫下萌发种子自发光子辐射的相对抑制率和延迟光子辐射的相对抑制率评价2个玉米品种萌发期耐盐性的强弱,评价结果与采用NaCl胁迫下种子萌发耐盐指数和储藏物质转运率的评价结果是相同的,表明根据NaCl胁迫下萌发种子自发光子辐射或者延迟光子辐射相对抑制率的大小可以无损伤的诊断与评价玉米萌发期耐盐性的强弱。 相似文献
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护坡植物在植物卷材中的适应性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
植物卷材是针对岩石边坡防护难、成本高而设计的一种高强度、低成本人工植被基材,目前还处于试验阶段。三亚原位验证试验结果表明:高羊茅、白灰毛豆、刺槐、多花木蓝等植物在卷材中长势良好,而种子硬实率高的黄荆和截叶胡枝子与生长速度缓慢的马桑则体现了极强的不适应性;在整个试验过程中,刺槐和多花木蓝的数量下降幅度较小,其他植物的死亡率均在40%以上;乔木刺槐在坡面上变成了优势物种,虽然对其他植物种子的萌发和幼苗的存活并未产生显著影响,但对大部分植物幼苗的生长产生的影响却很显著;刺槐、白灰毛豆和多花木蓝根冠比较大,能大大提高它们的抗旱性和生长能力,是它们在坡面上成活率高、生长好的重要原因。 相似文献
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利用植物生长调节剂调节植物生长、发育和繁殖,是有效提高植物对逆境适应能力和生产能力的重要手段.为探究植物生长调节剂GGR6对沙打旺种子活力及萌发特性的影响,通过观测不同GGR6浓度(0、50、100、150和200 mg/L)浸种处理下,沙打旺种子活力及萌发特性指标,利用隶属函数法,综合分析筛选出适宜沙打旺种子萌发的GGR6处理浓度.结果表明:1)种子发芽动态呈“单峰型”,GGR6处理提高了种子发芽速度和发芽率,缩短发芽时间;2)处理浓度为100 mg/L以下时,种子活力、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、萌发指数和活力指数均随着GGR6浓度升高而升高,且浓度在50 ～ 100 mg/L之间,升高最为显著,高于100 mg/L后,各处理之间差异不显著(P＞0.05);3)促进沙打旺种子萌发的最佳GGR6作用浓度为100 mg/L.研究对利用植物措施在荒漠化土地治理中,加速植被建设的进程和效果具有重要意义. 相似文献
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Soil salt and NaCl have different effects on seed germination of the halophyte Suaeda salsa
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下载免费PDF全文 Ruiru Gao Xiaoya Wei Zhan He Ruihua Zhao Kai Wang Xuejun Yang Jeffrey L. Walck 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2018,181(4):488-497
Seed germination is a key life‐history stage of halophytes. Most studies on seed germination of halophytes have focused on the effects of a single salt, while little information is available on the effects of mixed salt in the natural habitat. Due to the contribution of multiple ions in saline soil, we hypothesized that the effect of mixed salt on seed germination will differ from that of a single salt and the mechanism of how germination is affected will differ as well. The effects of mixed salt and NaCl on germination, water imbibition, and ionic concentrations of seeds of Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. were compared at various salinity levels. Germination percentage (GP) and rate (GR) decreased with increasing salinity level, regardless of salt type. There was no difference in GP or GR between mixed salt and NaCl when the salinity level was below 20 dS m?1. Above 20 dS m?1, GP and GR in NaCl were lower than those in mixed salt. At the same salinity level, Na+ concentration in seeds was higher in NaCl than that in mixed salt, but the reverse was true for Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations. Imbibition rate for seeds in NaCl was lower than that in mixed salt at the same salinity level. Addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ alleviated the inhibition of NaCl on seed germination. In conclusion, our results suggest that the effects of soil salts and NaCl on seed germination are different, and using NaCl instead of soil salt might not be realistic to show the effect of saline stress on seed germination of halophytes in the natural habitat. 相似文献
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盐分胁迫对林木种子发芽率的影响研究 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
试验研究盐分胁迫对林木种子发芽率的影响结果表明 ,NaCl和NaCl KCl 2种盐分对林木种子发芽率和苗木生长均有一定抑制作用 ;随盐分浓度的提高而发芽率逐渐下降 ,幼苗生长呈相同趋势。与复合盐分相比 ,单一盐分对种子发芽和苗木生长抑制作用更强 ,表明K 可一定程度缓解Na 的危害 ,并提出耐盐指数概念 相似文献
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[目的]研究在盐分以及干旱胁迫条件下沙蒿种子的萌发能力,为沙蒿的人工培育和栽种提供参考依据。[方法]以沙蒿种子为试验材料,使用不同浓度的NaCl溶液(0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,1.0%,1.2%,1.4%,1.6%,1.8%)和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液(5%,10%,15%,20%,25%)模拟盐分以及干旱对种子的胁迫条件,测定种子萌发初期的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数。[结果]当NaCl浓度≤0.6%时,上述指标与对照组相比未发生显著变化;但当溶液浓度高于这一范围时,各项指标则随浓度升高而显著降低;说明NaCl溶液浓度为0.6%是种子正常萌发的适宜浓度界限。当PEG浓度≤15%时,沙蒿种子的上述指标与对照组相比未发生显著变化;但当PEG浓度高于15%时,种子各项指标与对照组相比则显著降低;说明PEG浓度为15%是种子正常萌发的适宜浓度界限。[结论]沙蒿种子对轻、中度的盐分及干旱胁迫表现出耐受性,在含盐量较低的土壤以及轻、中度的干旱环境中仍可正常萌发。 相似文献
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Salima Benazzouk Zahr-Eddine Djazouli 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2019,50(11):1344-1357
Salinity is a major constraint hampering germination and early seedling growth, especially in aged seed lots. Any rejuvenation treatment improving salt resistance at these crucial developmental stages will be of special interest. Two sets of experiments were performed in Brassica napus to precise the impact of vermicompost leachate (VCL) on seed germination in the presence of NaCl and to analyze its putative interest as seed priming agent before NaCl exposure. Two seed lots were used: one old seed lot (cv. Libomir) and a recent one (cv. Harry). VCL increased the germination percentage of aged seeds in the absence of NaCl and increased seedling length in both cultivars. VCL had only a minor impact when directly added to the NaCl-containing germinating solution. In contrast, priming with VCL strongly improved subsequent germination in the presence of NaCl in relation to a more efficient management of oxidative stress in both cultivars. The improvement of salinity resistance provided by VCL priming was not due to modification in ion or proline content. It is concluded that VCL may act as a rejuvenation agent invigoring old seed lots and as an efficient priming agent for improvement of salinity resistance at the germination stage. Valuable properties of VCL are discussed in relation to the simultaneous presence of several protecting compounds. 相似文献
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Jabbar Fallahi Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam Mahdi Nassiri Mahallati Mohammad Ali Behdani Mahsa Aghhavani Shajari Mohammad Behzad Amiri 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):791-801
In order to study the effects of seed nitrogen content and biofertilizer priming on germination indices of wheat seeds under salinity stress, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replications was conducted in 2009. Experimental factors consisted of: (1) the application of different nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 55, 110 and 165 kg ha?1 N) on parent plants; (2) priming of achieved seeds by biofertilizers (Nitragin, Biophosphorus and distilled water); and (3) different levels of salinity produced by NaCl (0, ?0.4, ?0.8 and ?1.2 MPa). Germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, germination index, radicle and plumule length, radicle and plumule dry weight and radicle number per seedling were measured. Nitrogen application increased seed nitrogen content in parent plants. All germination indices decreased with increasing in salinity levels. Biofertilizer priming, especially Nitragin, had a positive effect on germination percentage, radicle number and radicle and plumule length in most salinity levels. The highest values for germination factors were related to achieved seeds from parent plants that were treated with 110 kg ha?1 N. Overall, application of middle levels of N fertilizer (55 and 110 kg ha?1 N) on parent plants combined with seed priming with Nitragin biofertilizer improved the germination indices of wheat under salinity stress. 相似文献
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盐碱复合胁迫对水稻种子发芽的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究盐胁迫与碱胁迫复合对水稻种子发芽的影响,采用模拟试验方法,将两种中性盐(NaCl、Na_2SO_4)和两种碱性盐(NaHCO_3、Na_2CO_3)按照不同比例[NaCl︰Na_2SO_4︰NaH∶CO_3︰Na_2CO_3分别为1︰1︰0︰0(A), 1︰2︰1︰0(B), 1︰9︰1︰0(C), 1︰1︰1︰1(D),9︰1︰1︰9(E)]混合,每个混合比例设不同总盐浓度(50 mmol·L~(-1)、100 mmol·L~(-1)、150 mmol·L~(-1)、200 mmol·L~(-1)),模拟20种盐碱胁迫环境,以去离子水作为对照(CK),研究不同盐碱混合胁迫对水稻种子发芽的影响。结果表明,水稻种子经两种中性盐混合胁迫溶液培养后,与CK相比,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数的降幅分别为9.2%～74.4%、10.0%～48.9%、5.6%～55.6%,平均发芽时间延长3.2%～96.4%;随胁迫溶液中碱性盐比例的增加,与CK相比, B-E组发芽率分别降低8.9%～96.5%、15.0%～98.0%、7.5%～98.7%、18.9%～95.7%,发芽势分别降低20.0%～94.4%、13.2%～97.8%、3.3%～100%、36.7%～94.4%,发芽指数分别降低16.7%～94.4%、22.2%～100%、16.7%～100%、27.8%～94.4%,平均发芽时间较CK延长0.8～4.5倍,说明中性盐和碱性盐的混合胁迫溶液对水稻种子发芽的抑制作用更强。将在盐碱胁迫溶液中未萌发的水稻种子转移至蒸馏水中培养7d后,水稻种子的最终萌发率均达73.33%以上,表明胁迫溶液没有破坏水稻种子的活性,只是暂时性抑制了种子的萌发。试验结果表明:与单施中性盐比较,中性盐与碱性盐混合胁迫作用对水稻种子萌发的抑制作用更明显,且在中性盐与碱性盐混合溶液浓度达200mmol×L~(-1)时,种子发芽率接近0。 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(19-20):3170-3180
The impact of salinity (0–400 mM NaCl) on the germination of four Tunisian accessions (Tabarka, Mahdia, Sfax, and Jerba) of the halophyte Cakile maritima was assessed. Moderate salinity (50–150 mM NaCl) slightly inhibited the germination of Sfax, Mahdia, and Jerba seeds, since more than 75% of the sown seeds germinated. Salt adverse impact was more pronounced in Tabarka seeds, which showed significantly less germination capacity, even under salt‐free conditions (40%). Although increasing salinity drastically inhibited the germination in Tabarka, Sfax was the most tolerant accession, especially at 200–300 mM sodium chloride (NaCl). Assessing germination kinetics using a mathematical model indicated that high salinity impaired and delayed the germination process. Such an effect resulted from the combination of osmotic and toxic components, especially at the greatest concentrations (300–400 mM NaCl). These findings point out that the successful establishment of this halophyte at the earliest ontogeny stages is both accession‐ and salt‐dependent. 相似文献