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1.
抗白粉病小麦-中间偃麦草双体异附加系的鉴定 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
对从中间偃麦草与普通小麦品种烟农15杂交后代(BC3F6)中选育的双体异附加系山农Line15的形态学、白粉病抗性、细胞学、基因组荧光原位杂交(GISH)及RAPD进行鉴定分析.结果表明它的主要形态性状介于双亲之间;白粉病抗性鉴定结果表明山农Line15对白粉病高抗近免疫;根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=44,PMC MI染色体构型为2n=22Ⅱ;以中间偃麦草总基因组DNA为探针的基因组荧光原位杂交(GISH),结果表明山农Line15是在小麦的遗传背景中附加了2条中间偃麦草染色体,为小麦-中间偃麦草双体异附加系;遗传分析表明山农Line15的抗白粉病基因基本上可以确定来源于中间偃麦草的染色体;RAPD分析表明:在供试的120个随机引物中有1个引物S170(-5'-ACA ACG CGA G-3'-)能在山农Line15中稳定地扩增出特异带型,可以作为山农Line15所附加的中间偃麦草染色体的特异分子标记. 相似文献
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抗大麦黄矮病毒GPV株系小麦异附加系Z1抗性基因的RAPD标记 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
经生物学方法鉴定,小麦-中间偃麦草异附加系Z1高抗我国特有的大麦黄矮病毒GPV株系,用104个随机引物对Z1及其亲本中7902的基因组进行RAPD分析,发现其中的引物OPS-16能从Z1中扩增1个约1.7 K b的特异性片段。用引物OPS-16扩增Z1、中7902、中间偃麦草、中5,同样也从Z1、中间偃麦草、中5中能稳定地扩增此1.7 Kb片段。对Z1的抗、感病单株的自交后代进行RAPD分析,发现在所测的抗病株的自交后代中能稳定地扩增此1.7 Kb片段,而在感病株的自交后代中则不能扩增。 相似文献
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小麦黄花叶病是由禾谷多黏菌传播的小麦黄花叶病毒引起的病害,近年在黄淮麦区呈蔓延加重趋势。为了给病害的防治和抗病育种工作提供依据,本研究利用分级评价方法对黄淮地区推广的小麦品种进行了田间抗病性鉴定。两年鉴定结果表明,在145个供试小麦品种中,‘濮优938’、‘新麦208’、‘豫麦416’、‘新原958’、‘豫麦70-36’、‘泛麦5号’等70个品种表现为免疫,占总数的48.28%;‘豫麦47’和‘邯6172’表现为抗病,占总数的1.38%;‘洪育2号’、‘花培2号’、‘偃展4110’、‘豫麦41’、‘郑麦9023’等48个品种表现为中抗,占总数的33.10%;‘兰天06129’、‘兰天0591’、‘徐麦9158’、‘徐麦0054’、‘徐麦1108’等25个品种表现为感病,占总数的17.24%。研究结果为指导小麦黄花叶病区合理选择小麦品种提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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为明确北部麦区河北、山西育成品种对中国小麦条锈病的抗性水平及部分已定位抗条锈病基因的分布状况, 利用小麦条锈菌当前优势小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34对89份来自河北、山西的小麦品种在温室进行苗期分小种抗性鉴定, 在小麦条锈病不同流行区甘肃清水、四川郫县、湖北荆州设置鉴定圃进行成株期抗性鉴定; 采用与部分已知基因紧密连锁的分子标记进行抗病基因检测。结果显示, 苗期仅‘长4640’‘晋麦91号’‘科农2009’3份品种对CYR32、CYR33和CYR34均表现抗性; 在甘肃清水、四川郫县、湖北荆州鉴定圃中抗病材料的比例分别为39.33%、24.72%和58.43%, ‘长4640’和‘晋麦91号’为全生育期抗性。通过6个已知抗条锈基因Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18 和Yr26 对89份小麦品种进行分子标记检测, 结果表明, 13份品种检测到Yr9标记, 2份检测到Yr18标记, 未检测到Yr5、Yr10、Yr15和Yr26。以上结果表明, 河北、山西小麦品种对越冬菌源基地的条锈菌的抗性水平很低, 同时成株期抗性基因的利用率低, 今后应加强对新抗病基因的利用, 育种过程中尽可能在不同流行区进行异地鉴定。 相似文献
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小麦抗叶锈基因Lr19来源于长穗偃麦草,表现优良的抗叶锈性,国内外发现对Lr19有毒性的小麦叶锈菌菌株的报道较少。本研究以TcLr19和Thatcher亲本以及TcLr19×Thatcher F2代单株构建的分离群体为材料,建立了与Lr19共分离的稳定的SCAR分子标记,命名为Y19SCAR982。对49个小麦抗叶锈近等基因系材料的稳定性检测结果表明,其重复性好且为Lr19特异的分子标记。对120个小麦品种检测的结果表明,该标记可有效应用于小麦抗叶锈分子辅助选择育种。 相似文献
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聚合成株期抗性基因和全生育期抗病基因是小麦条锈病菌源越夏区甘肃陇南小麦生产中重要的育种策略, 可以减轻致病性小种定向选择压力、兼顾苗期抗病性和成株抗病性及提高品种抗病持久性。本研究利用常规育种结合分子标记辅助选择, 以抗病品种‘兰天15号’‘兰天26号’和品系‘C69-17-13-14-15-6-1’作为抗病基因供体亲本, 聚合成株期抗性基因Yr30/Lr27/Sr2, 全生育期抗病基因Yr9、Yr37/Lr17/Sr38和YrZH84, 对杂交组合‘兰天26号’ב兰天15号’和‘C69-17-13-14-15-6-1’ב兰天26’的后代进行抗性鉴定与目标基因分子检测, 育成了适宜在条锈病越夏核心菌源区甘肃陇南山旱地推广种植的冬小麦新品种‘兰天132’(Yr9+Lr37/Yr17/Sr38+Yr30/Lr27/Sr2+YrZH84)和‘兰天196’(Yr9+Lr37/Yr17/Sr38+Yr30/Lr27/Sr2), 其苗期均对主要流行小种CYR33免疫, 对CYR34感病, 田间成株期对混合菌(CYR32、CYR33、CYR34、Gui22-1、ZS等重要流行小种)高抗至免疫, 并具有较好的抗旱性和丰产性。基因聚合新品种‘兰天132’和‘兰天196’有望成为我国条锈病西北越夏核心菌源区陇南小麦生产中持久抗性新品种。 相似文献
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抗白粉病小麦-中间偃麦草染色体小片段易位系的选育与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对从普通小麦与中间偃麦草杂交后代中选育的一个抗白粉病新品系(AF-1)进行了形态学、细胞学和原位杂交(GISH)鉴定。结果表明:AF-1具有与小麦亲本相似的农艺性状,根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期(PMCMI)染色体构型为2n=21Ⅱ,且未见其他结构变异,细胞学上十分稳定。GISH结果表明,AF-1为中间偃麦草与普通小麦的一个小片段易位系,易位点位于一对染色体臂的中部偏着丝粒的位置。结合抗病调查结果,推断该片段上携带了一个来自偃麦草的抗白粉病基因。该片段可能是在杂种早期世代通过部分同源染色体配对或者单价染色体错分裂而形成的。 相似文献
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[目的]对3份小麦农家品种‘矮秆芒麦’、‘红头麦’和‘大红头’进行苗期抗性的遗传分析,研究它们的抗白粉病遗传特点,为其在抗病育种中的有效利用提供依据.[方法]将这3份小麦农家品种分别与感病品种‘铭贤169’正、反杂交,获得了F1和F2代.利用白粉菌E09菌株,分别对这3份农家品种、感病亲本‘铭贤169’以及各自的F1和F2代植株进行抗性鉴定.调查统计的数据经卡方测验分析其符合度.[结果]这3份农家品种对白粉菌E09菌株的抗性均由1对隐性核基因控制.[结论]3份农家品种对石家庄本地区的混合白粉病菌表现出良好的抗性,并且对E09的抗性均由1对隐性基因控制.可以进一步对它们进行分子标记及定位研究,为其作为抗源在小麦抗白粉病育种中的应用奠定基础. 相似文献
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对从中间偃麦草与普通小麦品种烟农15杂交后代(BC3F6)中选育的双体异附加系山农Line15的形态学、白粉病抗性、细胞学、基因组荧光原位杂交(G ISH)及R A PD进行鉴定分析。结果表明,它的主要形态性状介于双亲之间;白粉病抗性鉴定结果表明,山农Line15对白粉病高抗近免疫;根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=44,PM CMⅠ染色体构型为2n=22Ⅱ;以中间偃麦草总基因组D N A为探针的基因组荧光原位杂交(G ISH),结果表明,山农Line15是在小麦的遗传背景中附加了2条中间偃麦草染色体,为小麦—中间偃麦草双体异附加系;遗传分析表明,山农Line15的抗白粉病基… 相似文献
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Hai Thi Hong Truong Jeong Ho Kim Myoung Cheoul Cho Soo Young Chae Hye Eun Lee 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,135(2):289-297
Phytopthora root rot in pepper (C. annuum) is caused by Phytophthora capsici L., which exhibits a high level of pathogenic diversity. Resistance to this disease is conditioned by a number of quantitative trait loci. Pyramiding resistance alleles is desirable and could be simplified by the use of molecular markers tightly linked to the resistance genes. The purpose of this study was development of molecular markers linked to Phytophthora root rot resistance. An F8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between YCM334 and a susceptible cultivar ‘Tean’ was used in combination with bulk segregant analysis utilizing RAPD and conversion of AFLP markers linked to Phytophtora root rot resistance into sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. In conversion: one marker was successfully converted into a co-dominant SCAR marker SA133_4 linked to the trait. In bulked segregant analysis (BSA): three RAPD primers (UBC484, 504, and 553) produced polymorphisms between DNA pools among 400 primers screened. Genetic linkage analysis showed that the SCAR and RAPD markers were located on chromosome 5 of pepper. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis showed that the SA133_4 and UBC553 were linked to Phytophtora root rot resistance. These markers were correctly identified as resistant or susceptible in nine promising commercial pepper varieties. These markers will be beneficial for marker-assisted selection in pepper breeding. 相似文献
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Downy mildew is a destructive disease of spinach worldwide. There have been 10 races described since 1824, six of which have been identified in the past 10 years. Race identification is based on qualitative disease reactions on a set of diverse host differentials which include open-pollinated cultivars, contemporary hybrid cultivars, and older hybrid cultivars that are no longer produced. The development of a set of near-isogenic open-pollinated spinach lines (NILs), having different resistance loci in a susceptible and otherwise common genetic background, would facilitate identification of races of the downy mildew pathogen, provide a tool to better understand the genetics of resistance, and expedite the development of molecular markers linked to these disease resistance loci. To achieve this objective, the spinach cv. Viroflay, susceptible to race 6 of Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae, was used as the recurrent susceptible parent in crosses with the hybrid spinach cv. Lion, resistant to race 6. Resistant F(1) progeny were subsequently backcrossed to Viroflay four times with selection for race 6 resistance each time. Analysis of the segregation data showed that resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene, and the resistance locus was designated Pfs-1. By bulk segregant analysis, an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker (E-ACT/M-CTG) linked to Pfs-1 was identified and used to develop a co-dominant Sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. This SCAR marker, designated Dm-1, was closely linked ( approximately 1.7 cM) to the Pfs-1 locus and could discriminate among spinach genotypes that were homozygous resistant (Pfs-1Pfs-1), heterozygous resistant (Pfs-1pfs-1), or homozygous susceptible (pfs-1pfs-1) to race 6 within the original mapping population. Evaluation of a wide range of commercial spinach lines outside of the mapping population indicated that Dm-1 could effectively identify Pfs-1 resistant genotypes; the Dm-1 marker correctly predicted the disease resistance phenotype in 120 out of 123 lines tested. In addition, the NIL containing the Pfs-1 locus (Pfs-1Pfs-1) was resistant to multiple races of the downy mildew pathogen indicating Pfs-1 locus may contain a cluster of resistance genes. 相似文献
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Hai Thi Hong Truong Hung Ngoc Tran Hak Soon Choi Pue Hee Park Hye Eun Lee 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,136(2):237-245
Random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) and bulk segregant analysis (BSA) approaches were used to characterize the molecular marker linked to the Phytophthora infestans resistance gene Ph-3 in tomato. A total of 800 RAPD primers were screened. One RAPD marker UBC#602 was identified to be tightly linked to the Ph-3 gene. The marker was successfully converted into a co-dominant sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. The SCAR marker SCU602 was used to analyze 96 F2 progenies and fitted the expected 1:2:1 Mendelian segregation ratio. Forty one tomato inbred lines were screened using the SCAR marker in comparison with a reference marker linked to the Ph-3 gene and both markers gave the same results. SCU602 was further validated for association to resistance and its potential in MAS in 72 tomato lines and cultivars. The marker identified three genotypes harbouring the resistance allele. This SCAR marker can be used in breeding programs for the selection of the Ph-3 gene for Phytophthora infestans resistance. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Resistance to Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is not found in wheat but is available in a Thinopyrum intermedium translocation (Ti) carried on chromosome 7DL of bread wheat recombinant lines. We used one of those lines (TC14/2*Spear) to introgress the Ti into bread wheat cultivars and to determine the influence of wheat backgrounds, with and without known tolerance to BYDV, on the expression of resistance. Two single and three backcross populations, segregating for the presence of the alien fragment, were tested under field conditions and artificial inoculation with BYDV isolates MAV-Mex and PAV-Mex. Lines containing the fragment were identified using the microsatellite marker gwm37. Tillering, biomass, grain yield, thousand-kernel weight, and seed quality were evaluated in inoculated and noninoculated plots. Resistance was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In early generations, the alien fragment followed expected Mendelian segregation, whereas in the advanced ones a slight bias against its transmission was observed. No positive nor negative effects of Ti on agronomic performance and quality were found. A significant optical density reduction in individuals carrying the fragment was observed after PAV infection in crosses with lines Anza and Baviacora but not with Milan. In addition, the fragment was associated with a lower frequency of infected plants for both PAV and MAV isolates. The reduced yield loss associated with the presence of the translocation was due largely to the lower infection rate. 相似文献
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J. Jahier F. Chain D. Barloy A. -M. Tanguy J. Lemoine G. Riault E. Margalé M. Trottet E. Jacquot 《Plant pathology》2009,58(5):807-814
In this study two sources of resistance to Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), both originating from Thinopyrum intermedium , were combined in a single genotype, line ZT, using GISH (genomic in situ hybridization) and a new molecular marker of the partial resistance gene Bdv2 . Susceptible wheat cv. Sunstar, the translocation line TC14 carrying Bdv2 , the addition line ZH with the group-2 chromosome arm carrying resistance, and line ZT with both resistances were inoculated with five strains of Barley yellow dwarf virus -PAV. The tests confirmed the resistance of TC14 and ZH and revealed an additive effect of the two sources of resistance in ZT. The resistance of line ZT was characterized by a proportion of infected plants significantly lower than the parental lines TC14 and ZH (42% vs. a mean of 76% for the parents) and a very low virus titre (area under the virus concentration progress curve of 1·2 vs. a mean on 6·3 for the parents). 相似文献
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小麦品种(系)抗白粉病基因推导及分子标记鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用基因推导法和分子标记对我国主要麦区的小麦品种(系)进行了抗白粉病基因的鉴定。结果表明,南30-10等15个品种(系)含有Pm8,新麦2号等9个品种(系)含有Pm4,中植4号等9个品种(系)含有Pm21,郑麦113含有Pm4b+5b,杨09-111和新紫1号含有Pm2+mld。研究发现,基因推导和分子标记相结合,可大大提高小麦品种(系)抗白粉病基因鉴定结果的准确性,鉴定结果可为抗病育种和品种布局及白粉病的防治提供依据。 相似文献
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Jéssica Rosset Ferreira Gisele Abigail Montan Torres Luciano Consoli Gabriela Andriolio Camilotti Sandra Maria Mansur Scagliusi Antonio Nhani Jr. Caroline Turchetto Carolina Cardoso Deuner Rachel Goddard Paul Nicholson 《Plant pathology》2021,70(1):100-109
Blast disease, caused by the Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum pathotype (MoT), is a major concern for wheat production in tropical and subtropical regions. The most destructive symptoms occur in wheat spikes. Infected spikes become bleached due to partial or total sterility, producing small and wrinkled grains. High disease pressure of the disease results in significant yield losses. This study aimed to identify wheat quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring resistance to blast disease at the heading stage. A doubled-haploid population was developed from the cross between BRS 209 (susceptible) and CBFusarium ENT014 (resistant, carrying the 2NS translocation). A linkage map was constructed containing 5,381 molecular markers and the inclusive composite interval mapping method was employed for QTL detection. Four QTLs were mapped in response to two MoT isolates. The major QTL identified on the 2AS chromosome explained an average of 84.0% of the phenotypic variation for spike bleaching at 9 days postinoculation and reinforces the potency of the 2NS translocation. Recombination between the distal region of chromosome 2AS and the 2NS marker was found. These results could explain why some lines carrying the VENTRIUP/LN2 marker have a variable reaction to the disease. QTLs on 5B and 7B chromosomes were also identified. Two mechanisms of resistance were hypothesized: the hypersensitive response and resistance to colonization of host tissues. The KASP markers thus developed and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) allocated in QTL regions can be used in the future for the development of wheat blast-resistant cultivars. 相似文献
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两个小麦-簇毛麦易位系抗条锈基因的遗传分析和SSR标记检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确普通小麦-簇毛麦易位系材料对不同条锈菌系的抗病水平、抗病基因组成和易位系间抗病基因关系,对V9125-3和V9125-4易位系进行了苗期抗条锈性遗传分析,并利用V9125-2抗条锈基因Yr WV的2个侧翼分子标记,分析了3个易位系抗病基因间的关系。结果表明,2个易位系对当前国内7个优势菌系均表现良好的抗病性,但对不同菌系抗病性的抗病基因遗传特点有所不同。V9125-3对CYR29、CYR30和CYR31的抗病性由2对显性基因独立控制,对CYR32、CYR33和Sun11-11的抗病性由1显1隐2对基因控制,对Sun11-4的抗病性由2对显性基因互补控制;V9125-4对CYR30、Sun11-4和Sun11-11的抗病性由2对显性基因独立控制,对CYR32和CYR33的抗病性由1显1隐2对基因控制,对CYR29和CYR31的抗病性由2对显性基因互补控制;V9125-3对CYR29的抗病基因其中之一可能是Yr WV,另一个为未知基因。 相似文献
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Tomato spotted wilt virus was recorded for the first time in Jordan on tomato plants. Severe disease symptoms were observed in different tomato farms in the Jordan Valley. Using a specific primer pair a fragment of the capsid protein gene of the virus has been amplified by RT-PCR and IC-RT-PCR. The amplified PCR product was cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that the Jordanian isolate of TSWV shared high nucleotide similarities with other isolates from different countries. The sequence of the capsid protein gene was deposited in GenBank under the accession number AY646682 . The response of different tomato breeding lines and hybrids, previously developed for resistance against Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) were tested for their reaction to TSWV infection. All tested lines and hybrids were susceptible to TSWV infection. This has been confirmed at the molecular level by using the SCAR 421 marker linked to the TSWV resistance gene Sw-5 . 相似文献