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1.
J Legáth 《Veterinární medicína》1992,37(5-6):293-305
The effects of low and high nitrogen diets on amino acid levels were studied in hydrolyzates of ruminal bacteria adhered to four topographically different anatomic parts of the ruminal wall (dorsal, ventral and caudal parts as well as reticulum) in 18 sheep + of the Slovak Merino breed divided into three experimental groups. The epimural bacteria of the dorsal and ventral parts of the ovine rumen revealed the most sensitive reaction to the varying amounts of nitrogen ingested with the diet. In hydrolyzates of ruminal bacteria adhered to the dorsal and ventral epithelium, 15 and 14 amino acids were changing (Figs. 1, 2). In hydrolyzates of epimural bacteria, a sensitive reaction was observed in the following amino acids: alanine, histidine, thyroxin, arginine and proline (Tabs. I-IV). In all topographical and anatomical parts of the rumen, both alanine and histidine levels in hydrolyzates of epimural ruminal bacteria significantly increased with the diet with high-nitrogen content fed, but was falling in sheep fed with low-nitrogen diet. Changes in alanine concentrations may be explained by the fact that alanine forms a part of the mechanism for short-time storage of ammonia in bacterial cells (Bartos, 1987). The fact that alanine is in its lack deaminated to pyruvate (Havassy, 1976) is explained by significant fall in alanine contained in hydrolyzates of bacterial proteins when fed low nitrogen diets. Significant fall in alanine in shortage of amino acid bound nitrogen can be explained by the fact that under these conditions, the alanine skeleton is being incorporated in to 80% of amino acids synthetized de novo by ruminal bacteria (Syv?oja and Kreula, 1980). When sheep flock was fed the high-nitrogen diet, thyroxin and proline levels were significantly reduced in hydrolyzates of epimural bacteria from all parts of the rumen, while low-nitrogen diet significantly increased the concentrations of both given amino acids in comparison with the control. Bartos (1987) gives in his study the table containing weight representation of different amino acids in proteins of bacteria of the ruminal content compiled on the basis of data of several authors. These data principally correspond to the results of our measurements in hydrolyzates of epimural bacteria. The highest weight representation of amino acids in hydrolyzates of epimural bacteria was found for glutamic acid, aspartic acid and arginine, while the lowest ones were detected for thyroxin, proline and phenylalanine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
2.
The effect of the perorally ingested pesticide bentazone (195 mg.kg-1) of Czechoslovak origin on the amino acid composition of proteins of bacteria adhering to the ventral and dorsal ruminal wall investigated in six sheep. Proteosynthesis of adherent bacteria was studied by a modified and quantified elution method (elution of bacteria by an isotonic buffered solution at 4 degrees C). By the latter, a concentrate of undamaged bacteria a adhering to the sheep ruminal epithelium could be obtained. The yield of the method was estimated by scanning electrone microscopy and it was 93.3% (Legáth et al., 1990). The high correlation coefficient (r = 0.94, p < 0.01) suggested that in comparison with the control group of sheep, bentazone in the diet did not have a marked effect on the amount of amino acids in hydrolyzates of bacteria adhering to the dorsal and ventral ruminal epithelium. From the analysis of the single amino acids, it however follows that bentazone in the feeding ration caused significant changes in the concentrations of some amino acids in the proteins of bacteria adhering to the epithelium in the ventral and dorsal part of the rumen (p < 0.05) (Tab. I, II). In both topographico-anatomical parts of the rumen phenylalanine levels significantly increased whereas those of alanine and glycine decreased (Fig. 1). Pesticides can be one of the factors that negatively affect the biosynthetic processes in the rumen of ruminants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
3.
Three sheep with a small isolated rumen (after Gridin et al., 1964) were studied for the passage of amino acids from the blood to the isolated rumen before feeding and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours after feeding. It was found that, on an average for all the time intervals mentioned above, the passage of glycine was the largest of all the amino acids studied (0.512 muMol per 100 ml), followed, in descending order, by lysine, alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, leucine, threonine, isoleucine, arginine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine (0.038 muMol per 100 ml). Before feeding and one hour after feeding, lysine shared the greatest proportion of all amino acids that had passed into the isolated rumen (0.565-0.43 muMol per 100 ml), followed, in descending order, by glycine, alanine, valine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, serine, threonine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine; arginine was, in this case, represented by the smallest proportion (0.042-0.030 muMol per 100 ml). It is inferred from the results that the amount of amino acids passing from the blood through the rumen wall changes with the time that has elapsed from feeding, and that before feeding this passage is more intensive than after feeding. These changes are held to be related with an increased passage of endogenous nitrogen to the rumen in the period of a relative deficiency of substances which are derived from the feed and are essential for maintaining homeostasis in the rumen. 相似文献
4.
The metabolism of amino acids and urea in an isolated perfused wall of sheep rumen was studied by the method of organ perfusion, using 3 kinds of perfusate. In experiments with semisynthetic perfusate containing urea (SPurea) the levels of lysine, valine, glutamic acid and alanine increased at a simultaneous decrease of levels of leucine, arginine, aspartic acid, threonine and methionine. In perfusions with the semisynthetic medium without urea (SP) the levels of lysine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, glycine and alanine increased, the level of threonine dropped. In perfusions with whole autologous blood (KP) the levels of valine, glutamic acid and alanine increased, the level of arginine decreased. The level of urea decreased sharply at using SPurea and KP, however, the equal cumulation of ammonia (200-400 mumol x 1(-1)) was found in all three types of perfusate after 2-hr perfusion. Moreover, in experiments with SP a low level of urea was found already after 5-min. of perfusion. The results of the experiments suggest that the rumen wall is capable of producing amino acids also without the contents of rumen, and that independently on the presence or absence of urea as a nitrogen source. 相似文献
5.
J Smutny P Javorsky Z Dicáková K Horsky S Ivanko I Strapác E Sulík 《Veterinární medicína》1984,29(2):101-105
The method of the use of the HD 1200-E automatic amino acid analyzer for the separation of amino acids was modified for the determination of 2-6-diaminopimelic acid (DAPA) as a bacterial marker, besides the other amino acids in the acid hydrolyzates of samples of bacteria isolated from the rumen of sheep. The reproducibility of the determination of DAPA in a standard amino acid mixture found in the tests corresponded with the reproducibility of the determination of the other amino acids as indicated by the manufacturer of the apparatus. The lower limit of DAPA determination sensitivity is between 2 and 5 nmol. In samples of bacteria isolated from rumen wall, from feed particles of rumen contents and from rumen fluid, different contents of nitrogen and DAPA were obtained; this is ascribed to the different proportions of bacterial species in the bacterial populations having different functions. 相似文献
6.
南板蓝根氨基酸的分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用氨基酸分析仪对南板蓝根氨基酸进行分离测定，证实其含有脯氨酸、甘氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、半胱氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、丝氨酸等十四种氨基酸，但未发现精氨酸、赖氨酸和组氨酸。 相似文献
7.
The influence of protein deficiency, rehabilitation and total starvation on the free amino acid levels in the blood plasma of pigs has been investigated. It was found that the concentration of most amino acids was reduced during protein deficiency. The levels of leucine, isoleucine and valine were diminished by the greatest proportion, followed by threonine, tyrosine and citrulline. During the first few weeks of protein deficiency the levels of lysine, histidine and arginine were slightly increased, but later decreased below control values. Concentrations of glycine and alanine were altered in a similar way except that the initial increase was much more pronounced. The concentrations of most of these amino acids returned to control levels after rehabilitation. Total starvation led to an increase in concentration of leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine and to a smaller extent phenylalanine, lysine, citrulline and arginine. The concentration of glycine, alanine and glutamic acid were very much reduced. The level of urea in the circulation dropped reversibly during protein deficiency and increased very much during total starvation. 相似文献
8.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding decoction of a traditional nourishing Chinese herbal medicine formula on rates of plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine turnover and whole body protein synthesis in sheep. Ruminal fermentation characteristics and blood metabolites were also determined. Six sheep were subjected to either mixed hay (MH‐diet, as control) or MH‐diet supplemented with 2% of Chinese herbal medicine (mixture of Astragalus root, Angelica root, and Atractylodes rhizome; CHM‐diet) in a crossover design for each of 3‐week period. The isotope dilution of [2H5]phenylalanine and [2H2]tyrosine was performed as a primed‐continuous infusion to measure plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics. Concentrations of total volatile fatty acid, acetate, and propionate in the rumen tended to be higher (p < 0.10), and the pH value was lower (p = 0.04) for the CHM‐diet than the MH‐diet. Turnover rates of plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine tended to be higher (p < 0.10) for the CHM‐diet than the MH‐diet. Furthermore, whole body protein synthesis was greater (p = 0.04) for the CHM‐diet compared with the MH‐diet. The Chinese herbal medicine improved rumen fermentation and enhanced protein metabolism in sheep. Hence, it is suggested that the decoction of Chinese herbal medicine formula could be considered as a potential feed additive for ruminant production. 相似文献
9.
The amino acid requirements of the growing chick have been determined using a diet based on soybean meal and maize meal. The diet contained 18% protein (N% x 6.25, dry matter basis) made up to 14% contributed by conventional ingredients and 4% protein equivalent in the form of amino acids. Starting with a diet formulated to meet the reference levels recommended by Dean and Scott (1965) a programme of experiments was carried out to improve this amino acid balance. The results indicated that the growing chick requires not more than 0.53% threonine, 0.61% glycine, 0.79% valine, 0.62% isoleucine, 1.34% leucine, 0.75% phenylalanine (or 1.3% phenylalanine plus tyrosine), 0.85 % lysine, 0.4% histidine, 0.86% arginine, 0.17% tryptophan and 0.39% methionine (or 0.79% methionine plus cystine). 相似文献
10.
本试验旨在探究青贮饲用油菜对湖羊生长性能、屠宰性能、瘤胃发酵及器官发育的影响。选取出生日期、胎次和体重相近的健康断奶湖羊公羔12只,随机分为2组,每组6只羊。2组分别饲喂花生秧全混合日粮(花生秧组)和青贮饲用油菜全混合日粮(油菜组)。试验期60 d。结果表明:与花生秧组相比,油菜组湖羊体重(P=0.043)和平均日增重(P=0.011)显著提高;胴体重有提高的趋势(P=0.062);瘤胃(P=0.028)、皱胃(P=0.029)、空肠(P=0.008)以及小肠(P=0.013)的重量显著提高,十二指肠重量有提高的趋势(P=0.055);瘤胃占宰前活重比例显著提高(P=0.033),十二指肠(P=0.048)和盲肠(P=0.016)占宰前活重比例显著降低;背最长肌粗蛋白质含量有提高的趋势(P=0.062),苏氨酸(P=0.019)、脯氨酸(P=0.010)、甘氨酸(P=0.008)、丙氨酸(P=0.016)、缬氨酸(P=0.039)、蛋氨酸(P=0.007)、异亮氨酸(P=0.023)、亮氨酸(P=0.017)、酪氨酸(P=0.025)、苯丙氨酸(P=0.012)、赖氨酸(P=0.033)、精氨酸(P=0.024)、总氨基酸(P=0.028)、必需氨基酸(P=0.021)、非必需氨基酸(P=0.036)含量显著增加,丝氨酸(P=0.056)、谷氨酸(P=0.052)和组氨酸(P=0.055)含量有增加的趋势;瘤胃液中乙酸(P=0.062)和总挥发性脂肪酸(P=0.087)含量有提高的趋势。由此可见,青贮饲用油菜同比例替代花生秧提高了湖羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵速率和胃肠道发育,同时具有提高肌肉中蛋白质含量的潜力,改善了肌肉的风味和营养价值,提高了肉品质。 相似文献
11.
本试验研究日粮中添加酵母发酵饲料对蒙古绵羊瘤胃菌群数量及多样性的影响。选用10只安装永久性瘤胃瘘管且体重约40 kg的14月龄蒙古羯羊,分为对照组和试验组,每组各5只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+酵母发酵饲料(13.37%)。预试期15 d,正试期5 d。于正试期晨饲后0、3、6、9、12 h依次采集瘤胃液,每天采集一个时间点,共采集5次。实时荧光定量PCR(探针法)检测9种瘤胃菌群的数量,并用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析菌群多样性。结果表明:试验组溶纤维丁酸弧菌、黄色瘤胃球菌、产琥珀酸丝状杆菌、埃氏巨球型菌、牛链球菌和栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌数量均高于对照组(P<0.05),反刍兽甲烷短杆菌数量低于对照组(P<0.05),嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌和白色瘤胃球菌在两组间差异不显著;试验组中菌群多样性低于对照组(P<0.05),拟杆菌门、纤维杆菌门、密螺旋体门含量升高,厚壁菌门含量降低(P>0.05);理研菌科_RC9菌属含量升高,克里斯滕森菌属_R-7含量降低(P<0.05)。综上,酵母发酵饲料能够影响瘤胃菌群数量,改善瘤胃菌群结构,降低瘤胃菌群的多样性。 相似文献
12.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(2):253-259
The study was conducted to determine the chemical composition nutritive value of dried citrus pulp (DCP) and its effect as a feed supplement on the performance of geese. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the DM, GE, CP, EE, CF, NDF, ADF, calcium, and total phosphorous of DCP were 90.75%, 3.60 Mcal/kg, 6.17, 3.51, 15.69, 23.37, 21.49, 3.60, and 0.13%, respectively. The content of methionine, lysine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, phenylalanine, arginine, histidine, glycine, proline, serine, cystine, alanine, glutamate, tyrosine and aspartate, and tryptophan was 0.02, 0.22, 0.24, 0.33, 0.18, 0.20, 0.22, 0.19, 0.10, 0.25, 0.51, 0.21, 0.02, 0.28, 0.54, 0.15, 0.46, and 0.05%, respectively. In Experiment 2, the digestibility of energy and amino acids of DCP were analyzed using an emptying followed by force-feeding method. The AME of DCP was 2.05 Mcal/kg, and the true total tract digestible methionine, lysine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, phenylalanine, arginine, histidine, glycine, proline, serine, cystine, alanine, glutamate, tyrosine and aspartate, and tryptophan contained in DCP by geese were 0.01, 0.10, 0.12, 0.19, 0.09, 0.12, 0.14, 0.13, 0.06, 0.14%, 0.42, 0.13, 0.01, 0.15, 0.31, 0.08, 0.28, and 0.03%, respectively. In Experiment 3, 210 35-day-old male Sichuan white geese were randomly allocated to 5 treatments, and each treatment group was fed one of 5 experimental diets containing 0, 4, 8, 12, or 16% DCP until 70 d of age. Geese that were fed diets containing 4% DCP exhibited greater ADG compared to the other 4 groups. Geese fed diets supplemented with 16% DCP had increased ADFI (P < 0.05) and a higher FCR (P < 0.05) than those fed the diet containing zero to 12% DCP. Moreover, inclusion of DCP in the diet did not affect the yields of breast meat, leg meat, subcutaneous fat and skin, and abdominal fat across the 5 treatment groups. In conclusion, DCP appears to be a potential feedstuff for geese, and DCP can be included in diets below 12% without negative effects on growth performance and carcass yield in geese. 相似文献
13.
大豆寡糖对瘤胃微生物区系的影响 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
本文旨在研究大豆寡糖对绵羊瘤胃细菌总数、纤维分解菌数、甲烷产生菌数和瘤胃原虫数的影响.选用9只带有永久性瘤胃瘘管的试验羊,随机分为3组,饲喂相同的基础日粮,并在此基础上分别灌注占干物质采食量(DMI)1.2%、0.6%和0.0%的大豆寡糖.细菌和纤维菌的计数采用Hungate的滚管法;甲烷菌的计数采用最大可能计数法进行;原虫计数采用血球计数室计数法.结果表明,灌注大豆寡糖提高了瘤胃纤维分解菌的数量,降低了甲烷产生菌的数量.这表明大豆寡糖对绵羊瘤胃微生物区系有着较为显著的影响,有利于中性洗涤纤维(NDF)在瘤胃内的降解和减少饲料能量的损失. 相似文献
14.
为研究皖西白鹅对常用蛋白饲料原料豆粕、菜籽粕及DDGS的氨基酸标准回肠消化率（SIAAD）,选取体重相近的56日龄皖西白鹅288只,随机分为24个饲喂栏,每个饲喂栏12只（公、母各半）,试验期为35 d,0~28 d为预饲期,全部饲喂相同基础日粮;29~35 d为试验期,分别饲喂待测饲粮和无氮饲粮6 d,每种饲粮6个饲喂栏（重复）,第35天早上饲喂前采集回肠食糜并测定食糜中的氨基酸含量。结果显示：豆粕、菜籽粕和DDGS的平均SIAAD分别为88.30%、81.17%、88.99%,且豆粕和DDGS平均SIAAD显著（P<0.05）高于菜籽粕。豆粕中氨基酸的SIAAD如下：赖氨酸（Lys）81.27%、蛋氨酸（Met）95.14%、苏氨酸（Thr）85.08%、缬氨酸（Val）88.25%、亮氨酸（Leu）88.20%、异亮氨酸（Ile）87.33%、苯丙氨酸（Phe）91.66%、组氨酸（His）87.77%和精氨酸（Arg）92.18%;菜籽粕氨基酸的SIAAD如下：Lys 75.19%、Met 87.87%、Thr 82.96%、Val 84.25%、Leu 83.19%、Ile 81.94%、Phe 86.08%、His 84.39%和Arg 83.10%;DDGS 中氨基酸的SIAAD如下：Lys 83.74%、Met 94.59%、Thr 90.85%、Val 91.97%、Leu 93.67%、Ile 91.38%、Phe 94.73%、His 90.59%和Arg 94.09%。该试验结果为豆粕、菜籽粕和DDGS在皖西白鹅饲粮上的高效利用和合理配制低氮饲粮提供数据参考。 相似文献
15.
本试验旨在研究不同水平低蛋白饲粮补充过瘤胃氨基酸对育肥杜寒杂交肉用母羊增重、血清中蛋白与激素指标、肌肉中氨基酸含量和肉品质的影响,探索育肥肉羊饲粮低蛋白质含量的理论价值和应用效果。选用150只体重相近4月龄育肥杜寒杂交肉用母羊,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只羊。对照组饲喂粗蛋白质水平为16%的饲粮,试验组饲喂氨基酸平衡低蛋白饲粮,分为LP14组(饲粮CP=14%)、LP12组(饲粮CP=12%)、LP10组(饲粮CP=10%)和LP12+NPN组(饲粮CP=12%,添加1%尿素),各试验组饲粮中都添加过瘤胃赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和精氨酸,使其和对照组饲粮中这4种氨基酸的含量保持一致,试验期90 d。结果表明:(1)不同水平的低蛋白饲粮在补充过瘤胃氨基酸后,对育肥杜寒杂交肉用母羊的试验末重、净增重和饲料转化比均无显著性影响(P>0.05),对照组干物质采食量高于各试验组(P<0.01),LP12+NPN组育肥羊干物质采食量高于其他低蛋白组(P<0.01)。(2)各组间试验羊血清总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLB)、生长激素(GH)、类胰岛素样生长因子I(IGF-I)均无显著性差异(P>0.05),低蛋白组育肥羊血清尿素氮(BUN)显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)各组肉羊背最长肌在肉色、滴水损失、pH0、pH24、熟肉率以及剪切力上均差异不显著(P>0.05)。(4)各组间试验羊的背最长肌中氨基酸的含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。在本试验条件下,降低育肥杜寒杂交肉羊饲粮粗蛋白质水平1~4个百分点并补充过瘤胃赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸和尿素,不会影响其增重情况、血清指标和肉品质,即低蛋白饲粮补充过瘤胃氨基酸可以满足肉羊育肥阶段的营养需要。 相似文献
16.
17.
S C Zicker M S Spensley Q R Rogers N H Willits 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(7):1010-1013
Concentrations of amino acids in the plasma of 13 neonatal foals with septicemia were compared with the concentrations of amino acids in the plasma of 13 age-matched neonatal foals without septicemia. Analysis of the results revealed significantly lower concentrations of arginine, citrulline, isoleucine, proline, threonine, and valine in the plasma of foals with septicemia. The ratio of the plasma concentrations of the branched chain amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, and valine) to the aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine), was also significantly lower in the foals with septicemia. In addition, the concentrations of alanine, glycine, and phenylalanine were significantly higher in the plasma of foals with septicemia. Therefore, neonatal foals with septicemia had significant differences in the concentrations of several amino acids in their plasma, compared with concentrations from healthy foals. These differences were compatible with protein calorie inadequacy and may be related to an alteration in the intake, production, use, or clearance of amino acids from the plasma pool in sepsis. 相似文献
18.
Effect of deficiencies of single essential amino acids on nitrogen and energy utilisation in chicks.
1. Diets 50% deficient in single essential amino acids were fed to chicks from day 8 to day 18 after hatching to evaluate body-weight gain, food consumption, body composition, nitrogen (N) and energy utilisation. 2. Body-weight gain was reduced most severely by deficiency of isoleucine followed in decreasing order by threonine, arginine, valine, histidine, tryptophan, methionine plus cystine, phenylalanine plus tyrosine, leucine and lysine, and possible reasons for the differences are discussed. 3. Body-weight gain and food efficiency were highly correlated with food consumption but metabolisable energy value of diets was not affected by single essential amino acid deficiencies. 4. Generally N retention (N retained/N consumed) and energy retention (energy retained/energy consumed) reflected food consumption, except for a lower N retention by chicks fed on the methionine plus cystine-deficient diet and for a lower energy retention by chicks fed on the valine deficient diet. 5. The amino acid deficient in the diet was present at very low concentration in the blood plasma. 相似文献
19.
S. Hackl R. Van Den Hoven M. Zickl J. Spona J. Zentek 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(2):165-173
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short intense exercise on plasma amino acid concentrations in trotters and to test the repeatability of plasma amino acids concentration in samples obtained on two independent days under field conditions. Plasma amino acid concentrations were analysed in blood samples of 36 standardbred trotters before and after intense exercise over a distance of 2000 m. Sampling was repeated in 20 horses after 35 days. Exercise intensity was estimated from post‐exercise lactate levels. Horses were divided in two groups according to a cut‐off lactate concentration at 15 mmol/l. The plasma concentrations of alanine, aspartate, glutamate, isoleucine, leucine, lysine and taurine increased and arginine, asparagine, citrulline, glutamine, glycine, histidine, methionine, serine, tryptophan and 3‐methylhistidine decreased after exercise. Ornithine, threonine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and valine concentrations remained constant. Higher intensity of exercise significantly decreased tryptophan and increased taurine concentrations. Sampling day had a significant effect on the absolute pre‐ and post‐exercise amino acid concentrations. Exercise had a significant influence on the concentrations of most plasma amino acids in trotters. These changes could reflect shifts between the free amino acid compartments, but there were also some indications for muscle catabolism. The amino acid supply of sporting horses could be of specific significance for maintaining muscle integrity and for the improvement of post‐exercise recovery of competition horses. 相似文献
20.
本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中苏氨酸水平对离乳前期梅花鹿仔鹿生长性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响。选择24只健康无病的3月龄雄性梅花鹿,随机分为4组,每组6只。4组仔鹿限量饲喂4种不同的饲粮,各组饲粮赖氨酸、蛋氨酸水平均分别为0.87%、0.28%。其中,高蛋白质饲粮对照组(Ⅰ组)仔鹿饲喂蛋白质水平为16%的高蛋白质饲粮,低蛋白质饲粮试验组(Ⅱ~Ⅳ组)仔鹿饲喂蛋白质水平为14%并添加不同水平苏氨酸的低蛋白质饲粮,各组饲粮中苏氨酸水平分别为0.54%(Ⅰ组)、0.46%(Ⅱ组)、0.59%(Ⅲ组)、0.72%(Ⅳ组)。预试期为15 d,正试期为30 d。结果表明:1)高蛋白质饲粮对照组的平均日增重(ADG)极显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.01),与Ⅲ、Ⅳ组差异不显著(P0.05);高蛋白质饲粮对照组的料重比(F/G)极显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P0.01),极显著低于Ⅱ组(P0.01)。2)高蛋白质饲粮对照组的粗蛋白质表观消化率极显著低于Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),极显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.01);高蛋白质饲粮对照组能量表观消化率极显著低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P0.01),与Ⅱ组无显著差异(P0.05);Ⅲ组钙表观消化率极显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.01),与其他组差异不显著(P0.05)。3)高蛋白质饲粮对照组的组氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、半胱氨酸表观消化率显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05),与Ⅱ组其他氨基酸表观消化率无显著差异(P0.05);高蛋白质饲粮对照组赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、酪氨酸表观消化率极显著低于Ⅲ组(P0.01),缬氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、丝氨酸表观消化率显著低于Ⅲ组(P0.05);高蛋白质饲粮对照组除丙氨酸的表观消化率极显著低于Ⅳ组(P0.01)以及赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸表观消化率显著低于Ⅳ组(P0.05)外,其他氨基酸的表观消化率与Ⅳ组无显著差异(P0.05)。由此得出,低蛋白质饲粮中适宜水平的苏氨酸对离乳前期梅花鹿仔鹿的生长性能和营养物质消化利用具有促进作用;当饲粮赖氨酸、蛋氨酸水平相同时,饲喂蛋白质水平为14%、苏氨酸水平为0.59%的低蛋白质饲粮的梅花鹿仔鹿的生长性能和营养物质表观消化率均优于饲喂蛋白质水平为16%的高蛋白质饲粮的梅花鹿仔鹿。 相似文献