首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Patch and skin bioassays were used in laboratory and indoor tests to evaluate the repellency of (E)-cinnamaldehyde, identified in Cinnamomum cassia Blume bark and essential oil, and a cream containing 5% (w/w) cassia oil against Aedes aegypti (L.) females. Results were compared with those of a known C. cassia compound cinnamyl alcohol, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) and two commercial repellents: MeiMei cream containing citronella and geranium oils and Repellan S aerosol containing 19% DEET. In patch bioassay tests with A. aegypti females, (E)-cinnamaldehyde at 0.153 mg cm(-2) and DEET at 0.051 mg cm(-2) provided 93 and 89% protection at 40 min after exposure. In skin bioassay tests, (E)-cinnamaldehyde at 0.051 mg cm(-2) and DEET at 0.025 mg cm(-2) provided 87 and 95% protection at 30 min after application. (E)-Cinnamaldehyde was significantly more effective than cinnamyl alcohol in both bioassays. In indoor tests with four human volunteers, 5% cassia oil cream provided 94, 83 and 61% protection against A. aegypti females exposed for 30, 50 and 70 min after application respectively. Cassia oil cream was a slightly less effective repellent than MeiMei cream. Repellan S aerosol provided 91% repellency at 120 min after application. Products containing cassia oil merit further study as potential repellents for the protection of humans and domestic animals from blood-feeding vectors and the diseases they transmit.  相似文献   

2.
BACKGROUND: The repellency to stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), of Zanthoxylum piperitum (L.) DC pericarp steam distillate (ZP‐SD), Zanthoxylum armatum DC seed oil (ZA‐SO) and their constituents alone or in combination with Calophyllum inophyllum L. nut oil (CI‐NO), as well as six aerosol formulations containing ZP‐SD or ZP‐SO and CI‐NO, was compared with that of a synthetic repellent, DEET, using an exposed human hand bioassay. RESULTS: At 0.20 mg cm?2, ZP‐SD treatments resulted in 91 and 68% repellency following 30 and 60 min exposure respectively, while DEET gave 100 and 84% repellency. ZA‐SO was less effective than ZP‐SD. At 0.2 mg cm?2, the most active constituents, cuminaldehyde, cuminyl alcohol, limonene and methyl cinnamate, gave 82, 74, 74 and 64% repellency at 30 min respectively, but DEET gave 100 and 87% repellency at 30 and 60 min. An increase in effectiveness and duration of repellency was produced by binary mixtures of ZP‐SD, ZA‐SO or bioactive constituents (each 0.01 mg cm?2) and CI‐NO (0.99 mg cm?2). The repellency of aerosols containing 2.5% ZP‐SD or 2.5% ZA‐SO and 2.5% CI‐NO was comparable with that of 5% DEET aerosol. CONCLUSION: Mixtures formulated from ZP‐SD, ZA‐SO or bioactive constituents and CI‐NO could be useful as potential repellents for the control of stable fly populations in light of global efforts to reduce the level of highly toxic synthetic repellents. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

3.
BACKGROUND: The most common ways to control dengue vector Aedes aegypti (L.) are larval source reduction in domestic habitats and ground application of small quantities of aerosol insecticide (ultralow volume). Nevertheless, these actions have been shown repeatedly to be ineffective in controlling Ae. aegypti populations. RESULTS: The efficacy of a new smoke‐generating formulation containing pyriproxyfen and permethrin was evaluated in the laboratory. Smoke‐generating tablets containing each insecticide individually or combined were prepared, and the recovery of the insecticides from the smoke was determined. Recovery values of over 90% were obtained for pyriproxyfen, and around 50% for permethrin. The biological efficacy of pyriproxyfen released in the smoke was evaluated in the laboratory, on late third‐instar or early fourth‐instar Ae. aegypti larvae, using different concentrations of pyriproxyfen and exposure times. Adult emergence inhibition (EI) values of 100% were obtained at 30 min, and a dose‐dependent effect was observed at 5 min. The effect of pyriproxyfen released in the smoke was due to direct contact with the larvicide in the water rather than by inhalation of the fumes. The efficacy of permethrin released in the fumes was also evaluated as knockdown effect (KT50) on adults for a tablet containing permethrin alone or permethrin plus pyriproxyfen. There was no significant difference in KT50 values obtained for permethrin (KT50 = 19.9 min) and permethrin plus pyriproxyfen (KT50 = 19.4 min). CONCLUSION: The excellent laboratory performance of this new formulation on immature stages and adults indicates that a smoke‐generating tablet containing pyriproxyfen and permethrin could be a new tool for controlling mosquitoes. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

4.
为了筛选高效、环保、低抗性的植物源灭蚊剂,揭示植物精油熏杀蚊虫的作用机理,测试了湖南香薷Elsholtziahunanensis、藿香Agastacherugosus、八角Illiciumverum和剑叶金鸡菊Coreopsislanceolata精油对白纹伊蚊Aedesalbopictus和致倦库蚊Culexpipiensquinquefasciatus成蚊的熏杀活性及对2种蚊虫体内乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和非特异性酯酶（NSE）活性的影响。结果表明,4种植物精油对蚊虫的熏杀效果显著,但同种植物精油对2种蚊虫的熏杀活性有差异。藿香精油对白纹伊蚊的熏杀效果最好（LC50值为26．12μg．cm-3）,八角精油对致倦库蚊的熏杀活性最强（Lc50值为29-31μg·cm-3）。4种植物精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊体内AChE活性起诱导作用;对致倦库蚊体内NSE活性均有抑制作用,其中八角精油的酶活性抑制率最高（19．79％）。湖南香薷和八角精油对白纹伊蚊NSE活性有抑制作用,酶活性抑制率分别为34．90％和25．26％;藿香和剑叶金鸡菊精油对白纹伊蚊NSE活性有促进作用,酶活性增长率分别为25．66％和66．35％。综合分析4种植物精油对蚊虫的熏杀活性及对酯酶活性的影响,湖南香薷和藿香精油更适宜作为植物源灭蚊产品的备选材料。  相似文献   

5.
Abstract

The fumigation bioassays, the oviposition inhibition and repellent bioassays of patchouli and wormwood oils to T. cinnabarinus were determined in the laboratory with the methods of fumigation and repellency. Ethovision XT6 was used to analyze the effects of two essential oils at sublethal dosages on the behaviors of T. cinnabarinus. Based on the results, compared with wormwood oil, the fumigation bioassay of patchouli oil was stronger against T. cinnabarinus. In a simultaneous fumigation experiment, the effects of patchouli oil on the inhibition of oviposition of T. cinnabarinus were significantly higher (P?<?0.01) than those of wormwood oil at the tested dosages. When T. cinnabarinus was exposed to the two essential oils at LD10, LD20, and LD30, the spontaneous movement tracks of T. cinnabarinus changed significantly, with the highest mobility frequencies at LD10. Moreover, the effects of exposure to patchouli oil on the spontaneous movement abilities of T. cinnabarinus were greater than those on movements following exposure to wormwood oil. Thus, patchouli oil is a promising candidate as a green vegetable, botanical acaricide.  相似文献   

6.
分别采用喷雾法和半叶法测定了11种植物精油对茶橙瘿螨的触杀和驱避活性。结果表明, 浓度为1%、0.5%、0.25%、0.125%(V/V)的11种植物精油对茶橙瘿螨都表现出了不同程度的触杀活性。随着作用时间的延长和精油浓度的增加, 其校正死亡率均有不同程度的升高。总体来看, 肉桂精油触杀效果最好, 在不同试验浓度和处理时间条件下校正死亡率均高于其他精油。所试精油对茶橙瘿螨都有一定的驱避作用, 其中百里香等8种精油的驱避率达80%以上。以上结果将为筛选对茶橙瘿螨具有较好防效的新型低毒高效植物源农药提供重要依据。  相似文献   

7.
BACKGROUND: When cases of dengue are reported or the density of adult Aedes aegypti (L.) becomes too high, ultralow-volume (ULV) application of insecticides is the recommended control method. The droplet size of an aerosol insecticide influences its efficiency in killing adult mosquitoes. Many studies have been carried out to determine the optimum droplet size that maximises vector control efforts, but only a few have determined droplet-size spectra for specific equipment using different solvents and comparing thermal and non-thermal aerosols. RESULTS: The present study showed that the droplet size for a water-based adulticide–larvicide formulation was larger than for the same formulation diluted in gasoil or biodiesel. No significant differences in adult mortality were observed between sprayers and solvents, but efficacy decreased with distance from the sprayer nozzle. Adult emergence inhibition was more than 90% when using water as a solvent for both thermal and cold foggers, and the efficacy did not decrease with distance from the sprayer nozzle. On the other hand, oil-based solvents became less effective with distance. CONCLUSION: The use of water as a solvent with both thermal and cold foggers improves the efficacy of the studied formulation containing permethrin as adulticide and pyriproxyfen as larvicide in scaled-up assays. Moreover, it reduces the environmental impact and costs of spraying by comparison with formulations using oil solvents. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

8.
研究了山苍子Litsea cubeba果实精油对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus成蚊的驱避活性和对其幼虫的毒杀活性;采用GC-MS定性分析了精油的化学成分,并定量分析了其中9种活性成分。结果如下：在1．5mg·cm^-2的涂抹剂量下,山苍子精油对白纹伊蚊的100％保护时间为3．70h,对白纹伊蚊4龄期幼虫的24h毒杀Lc50值为82．48μg·mL^-1。定性分析共鉴定出17种化合物,其中E-柠檬醛的相对含量最高,其峰面积百分比为44．65％,其它相对含量较高的成分分别是Z-柠檬醛（34．60％）、柠檬烯（11．70％）、甲基庚烯酮（2．28％）、芳樟醇（1．28％）等。定量分析9种活性成分在精油中的总含量为238．70mg·mL^-1,其中E-柠檬醛106．20mg·mL^-1、Z-柠檬醛68．79mg·mL^-1、桉叶油素40．90mg·mL^-1的含量较高。研究结果表明,山苍子精油对白纹伊蚊具有良好的成蚊驱避和幼虫毒杀活性,这些生物活性与精油的化学成分密切相关。  相似文献   

9.
Nineteen novel N-acetyl-2,2-dialkyloxazolidines ( 2 ) and N-acetyl-2-alkyl-4,4-dimethyloxazolidines ( 3 ) were synthesized from commercially available carbonyl compounds and ethanolamine or 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. Their bioactivity against laboratory-reared mosquitoes was compared in patch tests to known N-acetyl-2-alkyloxazolidines ( 1 ) and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet insect repellent). Isomeric composition measurements by [13C]NMR spectroscopy favoured the Z rotational isomer for samples of 2 (91–96% Z) and the E rotational isomer for samples of 3 (66–71% E), in agreement with molecular mechanics calculations on rotational isomers of model oxazolidines. Samples of 1 were previously shown to exist in solution mostly as the Z isomer (60–70% Z). Within the optimal molecular weight range for these experimental chemicals, the duration of repellency against Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say and Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann generally followed the order: 1 > 2 >deet> 3 . Bioassay data are discussed in relation to the equilibrium populations of rotational isomers for substituted N-acetyloxazolidines.  相似文献   

10.
瓜实蝇 Bactrocera cucurbitae (Copullett)是我国瓜类蔬菜的重要入侵害虫, 为筛选出对瓜实蝇具有毒杀及驱避作用的植物精油, 室内测定了4种植物精油在不同浓度下对瓜实蝇的毒杀及产卵驱避效果, 并进行了田间验证。结果表明:4种植物精油对瓜实蝇成虫的毒杀效果随精油浓度升高而升高, 浓度为7 mg/mL和10 mg/mL的肉桂精油对瓜实蝇的毒杀效果极显著高于其他精油, 处理后24 h瓜实蝇校正死亡率分别为75.9%和100%;雌虫对冬青精油的嗅觉反应率为93.3%, 显著高于紫苏精油和山苍子精油。不同植物精油对雌虫产卵的驱避效果不同，当植物精油浓度为10 mg/mL时, 冬青精油对雌虫的产卵驱避率为69.04%, 显著高于其他精油。田间试验结果显示:不同植物精油对瓜实蝇成虫具有一定防控效果, 但处理间差异不显著, 可能是由于田间环境复杂、植物精油理化性质存在差异等因素导致。  相似文献   

11.
Pyrethrins and the pyrethroids, bioallethrin ((+) trans-chrysanthemic acid ester of (±) allethrolone), resmethrin* (5-benzyl-3-furylmethyl (±)-cis,trans-chrysanthemate) and bioresmethrin? (5-benzyl-3-furylmethyl (+)-trans-chrysanthemate) were compared for insecticidal activity against free-flying Aedes aegypti L. in a Peet-Grady chamber using kerosene solutions and an aerosol particle size. The relative potency for kill of female mosquitoes was 1; 2.3; 6.8; 8.0 respectively. In further experiments, resmethrin and bioresmethrin were compared as aerosol formulations in a Comet 4C aircraft using caged and fed female A. aegypti. Both compounds at 0.1% (by wt.) in pressure packs and 35 g of formulation per 100 m3 provided 99% kill. It is suggested that pressure packs containing 0.5% (by wt.) of either compound should be adequate for disinsection of passenger aircraft. However, bioresmethrin would appear to be the compound of choice in view of its greater biological efficiency under laboratory conditions, and consequent probable greater margin of kill in practice.  相似文献   

12.
Experiments were carried out in the laboratory to assess the insecticidal effect on Myzus persicae Sulzer of different oils applied alone or combined with imidacloprid or pirimicarb. The oils tested were a horticultural mineral oil, a refined rapeseed oil, a refined soya oil and a raw fish oil. When the oils were sprayed alone on pepper plants infested with M. persicae, mineral oil caused the highest mortality of aphids (over 80%). Applied before aphid infestation of pepper leaves and in mixture with low doses of imidacloprid (at one-fifth of the dose recommended by the manufacturer) and pirimicarb (at one-tenth of the dose recommended by the manufacturer), the oils did not significantly increase the toxicity of the insecticides alone. However, sprayed on aphid-infested pepper plants, the mortality rates achieved by imidacloprid/mineral oil and imidacloprid/rapeseed oil mixtures were significantly higher than those achieved by imidacloprid alone at 16 and 24 h. In a field experiment the effect on the incidence of the potato virus (PVY) of the oils in combination with imidacloprid was determined. Mineral oil, rapeseed oil and soya oil were sprayed eight times onto seed potato plants treated with imidacloprid before sowing. Mineral oil reduced PVY-infected plants by 60% and rapeseed oil by 40% compared with plots treated with imidacloprid. The oils applied as 10 ml litre-1 emulsions in water did not cause symptoms of phytotoxicity on the potato plants, and yield was not reduced.  相似文献   

13.
野胡萝卜果实精油对蚊幼虫的毒杀活性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
采用浸液法研究了野胡萝卜Daucus carota果实精油对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus和致倦库蚊Culexpipiens quinquefasciatus幼虫的毒杀活性;利用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）对精油的主要成分进行了定性、定量分析。结果发现,野胡萝卜果实精油毒杀白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊4龄幼虫的24h LC50值分别为67.87μg.mL-1和34.12μg.mL-1;精油中共含有34种化合物,相对含量最高的是α-蒎烯（54.72%）,其次为β-红没药烯（11.35%）和β-细辛脑（10.14%）;对6种活性化合物进行定量分析,含量最高的是α-蒎烯（577.46mg.mL-1）,其次是月桂烯（80.26mg.mL-1）、柠檬烯（28.95mg.mL-1）、β-石竹烯（24.38mg.mL-1）、β-蒎烯（11.59mg.mL-1）和γ-萜品烯（2.33mg.mL-1）。研究结果表明,野胡萝卜果实精油对蚊幼虫的毒杀效果强于以往文献报道的多种植物精油,是开发高效环保蚊虫杀幼剂的好材料。  相似文献   

14.
The toxicity of formulations of oil of cassia, Cinnamomum cassia Blume, (20 and 50 g L(-1) sprays and 100% oil-based fumigant) to adult Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes and D. pteronyssinus Trouessart was examined using contact and vapour-phase toxicity bioassays. Results were compared with the lethal activity of three commercial acaricides: benzyl benzoate, dibutyl phthalate and diethyl-m-toluamide (deet). The contact toxicity of cassia oil to both dust mite species was comparable with that of benzyl benzoate but was higher than that of the other two acaricides. Sprays containing 20 and 50 g L(-1) cassia oil were effective against both mite species when applied to fabric, glass, paper, plastic, tin or wood substrates. Applications of the 50 g L(-1) spray to different space volumes and surface areas determined that 50-60 mg of cassia oil was needed to control dust mites in 3.4 m(3) or in 1 m(2). In tests with fumigant devices, toxicity varied according to the thickness of non-woven fabric covering the device, the exposure time, the number of fumigant devices used and the volume of the space sprayed. Fumigant toxicity to adult D. pteronyssinus was more pronounced with devices enclosed in thinner (40 microm) versus thicker (45 or 50 microm) non-woven fabric covers. A single fumigant device with a 40 microm thick non-woven fabric cover resulted in substantial control in a space of 0.05 m(3) but exhibited only moderate to weak control in spaces >or= 0.097 m(3) at 4 days after application. Two fumigant devices gave 88% mortality in a space of 1.73 m(3). Cassia oil applied as sprays or in fumigant devices appears to provide effective protection of humans from house dust mites.  相似文献   

15.
Abstract: Field investigations were carried out during 1999 and 2000 to identify effective chemical/ cultural methods of weed control in rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium spp). The treatments comprised pre-emergence applications of oxyfluorfen (0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 kg AI ha(-1)) and pendimethalin (0.50, 0.75 and 1.00kg AI ha(-1)), successive hand weeding, hoeing and mulching using spent of lemon grass (at 5 tonnes ha(-1)) 45 days after planting (DAP), three hand-weedings 30, 60 and 90 DAP, weed-free (frequent manual weeding) and weedy control. Broad-leaf weeds were more predominant than grass and sedge weeds, accounting for 85.8% weed density and 93.0% weed dry weight in 1999 and 77.2% weed density and 93.9% weed dry weight in 2000. Unrestricted weed growth significantly reduced geranium oil yield, by 61.6% and 70.6% in 1999 and 2000, respectively. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin (0.75-1.00 kgAI ha(-1)) or oxyfluorfen (0.25 kg AI ha(-1)), successive hand-weeding, hoeing and mulching and three hand-weedings were highly effective in reducing weed density and dry weight and gave oil yield comparable to the weed-free check. Application of oxyfluorfen (0.15 or 0.20 kg AI ha(-1)) and pendimethalin (0.50 kg AI ha(-1)) were less effective in controlling the weed species in geranium. None of the herbicides impaired the quality of rose-scented geranium oil measured in terms of citronellol and geraniol content.  相似文献   

16.
5种植物精油抑菌活性及其化学成分研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
从植物精油中寻找新型抑菌剂是植物化学研究的一个方向。本试验提取了丁香、八角、孜然、薄荷和生姜5种药食兼用植物的精油,采用抑制菌丝生长法和96孔板法测试了5种精油对8种植物病原真菌和5种细菌的抑菌活性。结果表明5种植物精油对测试真菌有不同程度的抑制作用,丁香的抑制作用最强,对梨黑星病菌的抑制作用最强,其IC_(50)为93.44 mg/L;5种植物精油对测试细菌的抑菌作用较弱,孜然和生姜精油对青枯菌的抑制最强,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)也仅为125 mg/L。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析了各精油的主要化学成分,八角主要成分为茴香脑(53.16%),薄荷主要成分为长叶薄荷酮(15.85%),丁香主要成分为丁子香酚(82.68%),生姜主要成分为香叶醛(16.80%),孜然主要成分为茴香甲醛(46.06%)。本研究结果表明丁香具有开发为新型植物源抑菌剂的潜力。  相似文献   

17.
An olfactometer is described that permits the evaluation of chemicals acting in the vapour phase against the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (L.). Hungry flies, held in a metal frame cage covered with soft gauze, are attracted to a target held adjacent to one side of the cage, and emitting an attractive airflow. Flies landing on the target are counted at intervals of 15s. Flies starved for 24h were tested in the olfactometer when 2, 3 and 4 days old. With the exception of the first exposure of the 4-day-old flies, all the flies of the three ages showed greater than 80% attraction to the olfactometer target after exposure for 2 min, for each of four successive exposures at 10-min intervals. For all ages there was a significant increase in attraction at the second exposure but no further increase with subsequent exposures. It is likely that the sensillae, stimulated by the first exposure, subsequently responded faster. Eight chemicals were incorporated into the airflow behind the target to test their effect on flies. Permethrin (a low vapour pressure pyrethroid) and crotoxyphos (a low vapour pressure organophosphate) did not act in the vapour phase. Empenthrin (a high vapour pressure pyrethroid) and dichlorvos (a high vapour pressure organophosphate) both exhibited the toxic effect of knock-down on the flies without repellency. Oil of citronella and citronellol, two known fly repellents, gave a general reduction of attraction that was dose dependent; fewer flies found the target and those that did stayed a shorter length of time. Natural pyrethrum gave a similar effect to these two at lower concentrations, but at higher concentrations, it also showed a repellent effect. N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide gave a low reduction in attraction. The olfactometer shows potential for use with other flying insects, both to observe the effects of an insecticide and also to study the behavioural responses in the absence of insecticides.  相似文献   

18.
Chemical irritants useful as repellents for brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) were identified. Exposure to various compounds produced a range of intensities for locomotory behavior in snakes. Essential oils comprised of 10 g liter-1 solutions of cedarwood, cinnamon, sage, juniper berry, lavender and rosemary each were potent snake irritants. Brown treesnakes exposed to a 2-s burst of aerosol of these oils exhibited prolonged, violent undirected locomotory behavior. In contrast, exposure to a 10 g liter-1 concentration of ginger oil aerosol caused snakes to locomote, but in a deliberate, directed manner. We also tested specific compounds, all derivative of food and flavor ingredients. 10 g liter-1 solutions delivered as aerosols of m-anisaldehyde, trans-anethole, cineole, cinnamaldehyde, citral, ethyl phenylacetate, eugenol, geranyl acetate or methyl salicylate all acted as potent irritants for brown treesnakes. The individual ingredients were classified using cluster analysis into groups that promoted different levels of response by snakes. This study is the first to systematically investigate the irritant potential of natural products for snakes. These data will be useful in the development of practical pest management tools for snakes.  相似文献   

19.
在室内采用非选择性和选择性两种试验方法,测定了14种非寄主植物精油对荔枝蒂蛀虫的产卵驱避效果。结果表明,香紫苏油、肉桂油和香茅油对荔枝蒂蛀虫有很好的产卵驱避效果,其非选择性产卵驱避率(ODR_n)达90%以上;而选择性产卵驱避率(ODR_s)达80%以上。留兰香油对荔枝蒂蛀虫也有较好的产卵驱避效果,其ODR_n和ODR_s分别为89.19%和73.30%。  相似文献   

20.
Susceptibility of eggs of Tribolium confusum du Val. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Ephestia kuehniella (Zell.) (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to vapors of essential oil from garlic (Allium sativum L.), birch (Betula lenta L.), cinnamon (Cinnamonum zeylanicum (Blume)) and aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.) was studied. Preliminary bioassay tests indicated that vapors of the essential oils had a significant effect on the eggs of tested insect species when exposed to a concentration of 20 μl l −1 air for 24 h. Generally, garlic and birch essential oils were more toxic to the eggs of tested insect species than cinnamon and aniseed essential oils (except for eggs of T. confusum). There was also a significant difference between susceptibility of eggs of T. confusum, E. kuehniella and P. interpunctella to tested essential oils. Toxicity data indicated that eggs of T. confusum were more susceptible to tested essential oils, with LC90 values ranging from 3.11 to 33.49 μl l −1 air, than those of E. kuehniella and P. interpunctella; eggs of P. interpunctella were the most tolerant to the essential oils, with LC90 values ranging from 22.02 to 72.42 μl l −1 air. Concentration × time (Ct) products of 0.29, 0.22, 0.13 and 1.37 mg h l −1 for garlic, birch, cinnamon and aniseed essential oil, respectively, were required to obtain 90% kill of T. confusum eggs. Although cinnamon essential oil had a much closer Ct product value to methyl bromide, garlic and birch essential oils were found to be the most promising ones since they had also high fumigant toxicity on eggs of both E. kuehniella and P. interpunctella.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号