共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
为研究Na 在仔猪小肠Gly-Pro跨膜转运中的作用,采用同位素示踪及体外孵育技术,观察在不同Na 浓度梯度条件下Gly-Pro在仔猪小肠刷状缘膜囊(brush border membrane vesicles,BBMV)的跨膜转运量。结果表明:(1)用K 替代Na ,并没有降低Gly-Pro在BBMV中的转运量,在孵育前20min时间内,Gly-Pro的转运量稍稍提高;(2)Na 可使BBMV对L-丙氨酸的转运量提高到4.6倍,但不影响Gly-Pro的转运;二氢骆驼蓬碱显著地降低L-丙氨酸的转运,但对Gly-Pro的转运无影响。研究提示,Gly-Pro在仔猪小肠BBMV体系中的转运与Na 不存在依赖性的关系。 相似文献
2.
为研究膜电位与仔猪小肠刷状缘膜囊(brush border membrane vesicles,BBMV)中二肽跨膜转运之间的关系,采用膜电位诱导、体外孵育及同位素示踪技术,分别观察由缬氨霉素和羰基氰化物三氟甲氧基苯腙(carbonylcyanide p-(Tri-fluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone,FCCP)诱导仔猪小肠BBMV产生的K 扩散电位(膜囊内负)和H 扩散电位(膜囊内正)对Gly-Pro二肽跨膜转运的影响。结果表明:在有Na 和无Na 的状况下,K 扩散电位均促进Gly-Pro二肽由膜囊外进入膜囊内部;H 扩散电位抑制Gly-Pro二肽由膜囊外进入膜囊内部。结果提示:在仔猪小肠BBMV转运体系中,Gly-Pro二肽的跨膜转运具有与非Na 的阳离子协同转运的特点。 相似文献
3.
为研究二肽在仔猪小肠刷状缘膜囊（Brush border membrane vesicles,BBMV）中跨膜转运的动力学特点,采用同位素示踪及体外孵育技术,观察了几种不同条件下Gly-Pro的跨膜转运量。结果表明：（1）在有Na^＋和无Na^＋的条件下,Gly-Pro的转运均受到Leu-Gly、Ala-His、Gly-Leu和His-Leu等二肽的极显著抑制（P〈0.01）,但不受甘氨酸、L-丙氨酸、L-脯氨酸、L-亮氨酸、L-精氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺和L-蛋氨酸的影响;（2）仔猪小肠BBMV对Gly-Pro的转运呈现非线性关系,但是遵从Michaelis-Menten动力学方程,其Kt（亲合常数）值为0.64 mmol/L,而Vmax为7.42 nmol/（min.mg）膜蛋白;（3）仔猪小肠BBMV对Gly-Pro的摄取是由于Gly-Pro直接进入BBMV内部的结果,而不是仅仅结合在BBMV上所引起的。结果提示,Gly-Pro在仔猪小肠BBMV中的跨膜转运具有载体介导的转运特点。 相似文献
4.
断奶仔猪小肠刷状缘膜囊中小肽水解的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过孵育试验研究了L 亮 甘 (Leu Gly)和 β 丙 组 (Ala His)等两种二肽在断奶仔猪小肠刷状缘膜囊 (BrushBorderMembraneVesicles,BBMV)中的水解状况。结果表明 ,孵育液pH(分别为 3.5 ,4 .0 ,4 .5 ,5 .0 ,5 .5 ,6 .0 ,6 .5 ,7.0 ,7.5和 8.0 )、孵育温度 (2 5℃和 37℃ )、孵育时间 (0 .5 ,1,2 ,5 ,10 ,2 0 ,30和 4 0min)以及BBMV(可能含二肽酶 )的添加量对两种二肽在断奶仔猪小肠BBMV孵育体系中浓度没有影响。结果表明 ,Leu Gly和Ala His在断奶仔猪小肠BBMV体系中均不水解 相似文献
5.
选取6头体重接近的3月龄生长期大白猪,屠宰后刮下肠黏膜,提取3段小肠上皮细胞刷状缘膜囊泡(Brush-border membrane vesicles,BBMV)。在室温条件下,研究各段小肠BBMV磷的摄入量,pH和钠离子依赖性,并测定BBMV磷吸收动力学参数。结果表明,生长猪BBMV对磷的主动吸收和被动扩散在酸性pH下均受到抑制。钠离子水平影响BBMV磷的主动吸收。pH7.4条件下,测得钠依赖型磷转运系统Hill系数(napp)为2.07,即转运1个磷酸根,至少有2个钠离子与其协同转运。不同肠段BBMV磷的主动吸收并没有显著差异。pH7.4条件下,生长猪钠依赖型磷转运系统对磷的亲和力常数(Km)为(0.43±0.09)mmol/L。最大转运速度(Vmax)为(2.25±0.19)nmol/(mg蛋白.15 s)。 相似文献
6.
《动物营养学报》2020,(7)
本试验旨在研究早期断奶对仔猪小肠中谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺转运载体表达的影响。试验从40头母猪的仔猪中各选出体重相近、10日龄的杜长大三元杂交仔猪1头,共40头仔猪,随机不配对分为2组,每组20头仔猪,对照组为哺乳仔猪,随母猪喂养;试验组为断奶仔猪,隔离断奶饲养。试验期10 d。饲养结束,每组随机选取12头仔猪,屠宰后取空肠和回肠组织,测定谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺转运载体蛋白和mRNA表达情况,并检测小肠组织形态和小肠氧化应激水平。结果表明:与哺乳仔猪相比,早期断奶显著提高了仔猪空肠和回肠谷氨酸/胱氨酸交换载体(xCT)和中性氨基酸转运载体2(ASCT2)蛋白和mRNA表达量(P0.05);皮尔森相关分析结果显示,断奶仔猪与哺乳仔猪的xCT和ASCT2蛋白表达量在空肠和回肠组织匀浆、细胞内质、细胞顶膜与空肠和回肠中对应mRNA表达量之间均呈正向线性关系,且差异显著(P0.05)。与哺乳仔猪相比,断奶仔猪空肠和回肠绒毛高度降低,隐窝深度增加,差异均显著(P0.05)。与哺乳仔猪相比,断奶仔猪空肠和回肠组织的总抗氧化能力均显著降低(P0.05),且空肠氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量显著提高(P0.05),回肠谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著降低(P0.05)。结果提示,早期断奶使仔猪小肠处于氧化应激状态,显著提高断奶仔猪小肠组织中xCT和ASCT2蛋白及mRNA表达量,以促进谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺的摄取,降低仔猪小肠的氧化应激水平。 相似文献
7.
采用饲养和屠宰试验研究了用大米代替玉米生产袋装流质饲料的可行性以及流质饲料对早期断奶仔猪消化功能和生产性能的影响。结果表明:在南方可用大米代替玉米生产早期断奶仔猪袋装流质饲料,大米-大豆型流质饲料可降低胃内pH值并提高消化道内蛋白酶活力,大米-大豆型流质饲料组仔猪全期平均干物质采食量和平均日增重与玉米-豆粕型日粮组相比分别提高14.22%和8.93%,但均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。在如何进一步延长早期断奶仔猪袋装流质饲料的保质期和防止大米淀粉的返生方面还有待于深入研究。 相似文献
8.
为研究枯草芽孢杆菌发酵豆粕(FSBM)对仔猪肠道形态及消化酶活性的影响,试验选择初始体重为(7.5±0.5)kg的纯种大白断奶仔猪60头,随机分为两组,对照组饲喂含豆粕(SBM)饲料,试验组饲喂含发酵豆粕(FSBM)的饲料,试验期30d。试验结束时,每组随机选择6头仔猪,收集小肠内三个不同部位的组织样本观察肠道形态,同时采集肠道内容物样品,测定消化酶活性。结果表明:与SBM组相比,FSBM组仔猪小肠三个不同部位的绒毛高度均显著提高(P<0.05),十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠总蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的活性显著提高(P<0.05),仔猪胰腺胰蛋白酶活性显著下降(P<0.05)。综上,FSBM能改善断奶仔猪肠道形态和消化酶活性。 相似文献
9.
猪脐疝是猪腹腔内脏器（小肠、网膜、结肠等）经脐孔脱出于皮下，形成疝囊，疝囊是包围疝内容物的外囊，由腹膜及腹壁的肌膜组成。本病多发生于仔猪和中猪，分为先天性和后天性两种。笔者在多年的兽医临床实践中，先后诊治过20余例，治疗时均采用开放性手术治疗，效果良好。 相似文献
10.
仔猪小肠母源抗体IgG的摄取与肠道淋巴组织发育的组织学研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本研究采用H．E．染色、硫化铅组织化学染色及IgG免疫组织化学染色的方法对0、5、28日龄仔猪小肠进行了组织学研究。结果显示：仔猪小肠IgG阳性反应物分布于小肠绒毛柱状细胞的转运泡、柱状细胞基底部、小肠小血管血浆、淋巴管淋巴浆中，中央乳糜管周围的结缔组织中也有分布。仔猪小肠IgG阳性强度随日龄的增加逐渐下降。在各肠段中。空肠IgG阳性最强。仔猪小肠酸性磷酸酶的分布规律与IgG相似。仔猪小肠上皮内淋巴细胞数目随日龄增加显著增多，集合淋巴小结由0日龄至28日龄逐渐发育成熟。结论：仔猪在出生时通过胞吞作用摄取母源抗体IgG，伴随此过程的还有溶酶体的细胞内消化作用。最终通过毛细血管和毛细淋巴管途径进行转运，0～5日龄是仔猪小肠摄取母源抗体IgG的最佳时机，至28日龄，仔猪小肠发生“肠关闭”，IgG摄取停止。与此同时，小肠淋巴组织逐渐发育成熟，肠道的黏膜免疫屏障趋于完善。 相似文献
11.
试验选用21日龄杜长大断奶仔猪240头(6.38±0.35)kg,采用2×2因子设计,研究饲养温度和饲喂方式对断奶仔猪消化酶活性和胃肠道pH的影响。结果表明:高温处理组(28～30℃)饲养的仔猪肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于低温处理组(23～25℃)(P0.05)。高温处理组仔猪肠道pH显著低于低温处理组(P0.05)。定时饲喂饲养的仔猪肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于自由采食饲养的仔猪(P0.05)。从饲养温度和饲喂方式互作方面来看,高温自由采食组和高温定时饲喂组的肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于低温自由采食组和低温定时饲喂组(P0.01)。饲养温度对断奶仔猪消化酶活性和胃肠道pH有较大影响。高的饲养温度(28～30℃)有利于提高断奶仔猪体内消化酶活性和降低消化道酸度,增强仔猪的消化性能。 相似文献
12.
In ruminants large amounts of nucleic acids associated with the microbial cell mass leaving the fore-stomach system via the abomasum enter the small intestine. In dairy cows this amounts to 100-200 g microbial nucleic acids per day. These nucleic acids are very efficiently digested in the small intestine whereby nucleosides were found to be the main degradation products. Therefore, this review centers mainly on the mechanisms of intestinal absorption of nucleosides and their role in nucleic acid digestion. Furthermore, metabolism of nucleosides in intestinal epithelial cells and its bearing for nucleoside absorption and salvage of nucleosides for nucleic acid synthesis in various tissues is considered. According to own studies using isolated intestinal brush-border membrane (BBM) vesicles (BBMV) from dairy cows purine and pyimidine nucleosides are transported actively by two separate Na+ co-transport systems (N1 and N2) across the bovine BBM, whereby transport activity in the small intestine decreases from proximal to distal. Guanosine and inosine appeared to be transported exclusively by N1 while thymidine and cytidine appeared to be transported exclusively by N2. Uridine and adenosine had an affinity to both transporters. In comparison to findings in man and rabbit, transport capacity (Vmax) of N1 and N2 in the BBM of cows was more than 10-fold higher. Similar findings were obtained in BBMV isolated from the small intestine of veal calves with rudimentary forestomach development in regard to nucleoside transport. Therefore, the high intestinal transport activity for nucleosides seems to be a genetically fixed property in the bovine, which is not related to a functional fore-stomach system. 相似文献
13.
L-canavanine inhibits L-arginine uptake by broiler chicken intestinal brush border membrane vesicles
1. Intestinal brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) were prepared from 3-week-old broiler chickens. 2. Electron microscopy of the BBMV fraction showed single membrane vesicles of different sizes with no electron dense material inside. No other organelles were observed. The sucrase and maltase activities were enriched by factors of 16 and 18, respectively, in the BBMV fraction in comparison with the homogenate. On the other hand, the Na+/K+-ATPase sensitivity to ouabain was increased by a factor of 0.8. 3. The BBMV showed a maximum L-[14C]-arginine uptake (944.9 +/- 22.9 pmoles/mg protein) at 45 s and thereafter it declined slowly. In the presence of 0.5 mM L-canavanine, the L-[14C]-arginine uptake by BBMV was reduced by 43.6% at 45 s. 4. It is concluded that L-canavanine inhibits L-arginine Na+-dependent transport across the enterocyte apical membrane in a highly purified intestinal BBMV from broiler chickens. 相似文献
14.
The activities of 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC. 1.1.1.30.; HBD) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC. 1.1.1.41; ICD) were evaluated microdensitometrically in the mucosa of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of 19 conventional piglets infected on the first day after parturition (DAP) with oocysts of Eimeria debliecki coccidium (infection dose of 200,000 oocysts). The two investigated enzymes are deposited in mitochondria which are dispersed in the supra-, para- and infranuclear region of absorption cells (Fig. 1). The synthesis of the two dehydrogenases was investigated in the small intestine mucosa in the period of 1st to 10th day after infection (DAI). The HBD and ICD activities were also followed in the small intestine of four control conventional piglets at the age of 2-5 days (Tab. I). The two dehydrogenases could be characterized by a topographic gradient; it means that their activity was increasing in the small intestine mucosa through duodenum in an aboral direction. The ICD activity is higher in the intestinal mucosa of healthy piglets (Figs. 2 and 3), where its topic concentration was more marked while the HBD activity is dispersed in enterocytes (Fig. 4). In infected piglets the density of the two enzymes was demonstrated to decrease already in the starting period of experimental infection, and it reaches the lowest values for the first time on DAI 5-6 (Fig. 5, Tab. II), then on DAIs 9 (HBD; Fig. 6, graph 11)) or 8 (ICD, Fig. 7 and 10). In the period of experimental infection no statistically significant predisposition to the hypoactivity of target dehydrogenases nor its marked shift were observed. Somewhat rapid resumption of synthesis was demonstrated as soon as on DAI 8 in ICD (Fig. 8); its activity on DAI 10 in the intestinal mucosa corresponded to the 93% activity of this dehydrogenase recorded in the small intestine of control piglets. The density of HBD to the same day (DAI 10) reached in the intestinal mucosa of infected piglets the values making only 44.7% of those demonstrated in the intestinal mucosa of the control group of animals. 相似文献
15.
S. Klinger K. Müller G. Breves 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(2):342-352
From numerous recent studies, it has been demonstrated that the development of the forestomach system in ruminants and thus microbial carbohydrate fermentation do not exclude the potential of the small intestines for enzymatic carbohydrate digestion and subsequent monosaccharide absorption. However, the role of regulatory nutritional factors is still under discussion. Therefore, we investigated the kinetic parameters of intestinal Na+‐dependent glucose absorption and SGLT1 expression using isolated brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the jejunum of 10‐week‐old calves kept on either hay, concentrate or corn silage‐based diets in addition to milk replacer. While the maximal transport capacity was significantly higher for concentrate and corn silage‐fed animals, SGLT1 protein expression was highest in BBMV isolated from hay‐fed animals. This observation differs from the prevalent conception that induction of Na+‐dependent glucose uptake via SGLT1 is based on an increased number of transporters at the brush border membrane. 相似文献
16.
Woodward AD Fan MZ Geor RJ McCutcheon LJ Taylor NP Trottier NL 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(3):853-862
In nonruminant herbivores, microbially derived AA could contribute to whole-body AA homeostasis and thus decrease predicted AA requirements. However, postileal capacity of AA uptake is currently unknown. Therefore, to test the hypothesis that Lys is transported across the large colon mucosal apical membrane with capacity similar to that of the small intestinal mucosa in the pony and pig, we examined Lys transport in vitro using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV). Mucosa was collected from the distal jejunum (DJ) and proximal large colon (PLC) of growing pigs (n = 3) and ponies (n = 4), flash frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80°C. Jejunal and colonic BBMV were manufactured by Mg(2+) precipitation and used to determine initial rates and kinetics [the maximal transport rate (V(max)) and the Michaelis constant (K(M))] of l-Lys transport into apical epithelia by rapid filtration technique in Na(+)-gradient incubation buffer. Initial rates of total l-Lys uptake did not differ between the PLC and DJ in either the pig or the pony, or between the pony and the pig, at each l-Lys concentration. In the pig, compared with the DJ, l-Lys transport V(max) in the PLC did not differ (121 ± 26 and 180 ± 26 pmol?mg of protein(-1)?s(-1), respectively; P = 0.14) and l-Lys K(M) in the PLC tended to be greater (0.23 ± 0.22 and 0.89 ± 0.22 mM, respectively; P = 0.09). In the pony, compared with the DJ, l-Lys transport V(max) in the PLC was greater (62 ± 25 and 149 ± 25 pmol?mg of protein(-1)?s(-1), respectively; P = 0.04) and l-Lys K(M) in the PLC was greater (0.08 ± 0.22 and 1.05 ± 0.22 mM, respectively; P = 0.02). l-Lysine diffusion was not different between segments; however, total intestinal diffusion was greater (P = 0.03) in the pony than in the pig (115 ± 10 and 73 ± 10 pmol·mg of protein(-1)?s(-1), respectively). These results demonstrate that the large colon is capable of l-Lys transport across the apical epithelial membrane with greater capacity and less affinity than the jejunum, indicating that the large colon may play a significant role in l-Lys absorption and homeostasis in hindgut fermenters. 相似文献
17.
Scharrer E Grenacher B 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2000,47(10):617-626
To detect whether pentoses and hexoses occurring in rumen bacteria or in hemicellulose ingested with feed and partly released in the small intestine have an affinity for the Na(+)-dependent glucose transporter of the bovine intestinal brush border membrane (BBM), we investigated whether these monosaccharides inhibit Na(+)-dependent transport of 14C-labelled D-xylose across the BBM using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) isolated from the mid-jejunum of cows. We used D-xylose as the transport substrate, because it has a low affinity for the Na(+)-dependent glucose transporter and thus its uptake into BBMV is more efficiently competitively inhibited by other sugars than that of D-glucose. D-Ribose, D-mannose and L-rhamnose occurring in rumen bacteria significantly inhibited Na(+)-dependent uptake of D-xylose into BBMV, but their inhibitory effect was less than that of D-glucose, D-xylose and phlorizin. This also applied to L-arabinose (and D-arabinose), which is, like D-xylose and D-galactose, a constituent of hemicellulose, and to 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Of all monosaccharides tested, only D-fructose did not affect Na(+)-dependent D-xylose transport. It is concluded that some pentoses and hexoses occurring in rumen bacteria (D-ribose, D-mannose and L-rhamnose) or hemicellulose (L-arabinose and D-xylose) have a low affinity for the Na(+)-dependent glucose transporter of the bovine BBM and may therefore be absorbed from the jejunum when released in the small intestine. 相似文献