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Sharon Levisohn Shlomo Garazi Irinna Gerchman Jacob Brenner 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(6):579-581
Mycoplasma bovoculi and Mycoplasma bovis were both isolated from conjunctival swabs taken from young calves showing symptoms consistent with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (pinkeye). No Moraxella spp. or other nonmycoplasma bacteria were isolated in association with this severe clinical outbreak. Based on laboratory tests and clinical observations, the first phase of the disease was likely pneumonic in nature, possibly caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus and M. bovis. In the subsequent phase of the disease course, infection with both M. bovoculi and M. bovis resulted in ocular disease. A combination of microbiological, serological, and molecular diagnosticmethods was used to elucidate the etiology of the outbreak. 相似文献
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Hum S Kessell A Djordjevic S Rheinberger R Hornitzky M Forbes W Gonsalves J 《Australian veterinary journal》2000,78(11):744-750
OBJECTIVE: To report an outbreak of mastitis, polyarthritis and abortion caused by Mycoplasma sp bovine group 7 in three large, centrally-managed dairies and to review the relevant literature. DESIGN: Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data were analysed, collated and reported. Multidisciplinary procedures were employed. These included clinical assessment and comprehensive laboratory investigations of affected calves, aborted foetuses and milk samples. Mycoplasma cultures and genetic analyses of isolates were undertaken to identify the aetiological agent. RESULTS: About 30% of 240 calves usually kept in a calf rearing facility developed severe polyarthritis as a result of Mycoplasma sp bovine group 7 infection between 2 and 3 weeks of age. Multiple abortions occurred on these farms. Mycoplasma sp bovine group 7 was recovered from the fibrinopurulent synovial exudates of four 14-day-old calves, from the stomach contents and lungs of two aborted foetuses, from 14 of 21 bulk milk and four of 10 mastitic quarters. Three bulk colostrum samples cultured during the outbreak were negative for mycoplasma. CONCLUSION: Mycoplasma sp bovine group 7 caused significant economic losses as a result of polyarthritis, abortion and mastitis. The disease probably originated from udder infections with spread being facilitated by the decreased use of tetracycline in the treatment of mastitis. Neonatal calves were most likely infected by the consumption of milk contaminated with the organism. Abortions presumably resulted from mycoplasmaemia. This appears to be the first report in Australia of bovine abortion resulting from Mycoplasma sp infection. 相似文献
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Rosário Gonçalves Isabel Mariano Alejandro Núñez Sandra Branco Graham Fairfoul Robin Nicholas 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2010,183(2):219-221
An outbreak of severe respiratory disease in a goat herd was associated with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, Mycoplasma arginini, Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida with mortality rates exceeding 20% in kids. Post mortem features in affected kids included severe pleuropneumonia, lung consolidation, large quantities of pleural fluid and pericarditis. This is the first report of atypical proliferative pneumonia in goats in Portugal. 相似文献
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Gil MC Peña FJ Hermoso De Mendoza J Gomez L 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2003,50(10):484-487
This paper reports on the genital lesions observed in adult male and female goats from a commercial flock in the Extremadura region of southwestern Spain, following an outbreak of contagious agalactia syndrome caused by Mycoplasma agalactiae and M. putrefaciens. Although both species were isolated from several organs, M. putrefaciens was the only agent isolated from the genital lesions reported here, characterized by desquamative salpingitis and cystic catarrhal metritis in females and by testicular degeneration in males. Mycoplasma putrefaciens was isolated from the testes of only one of the males examined. 相似文献
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Hewicker-Trautwein M Feldmann M Kehler W Schmidt R Thiede S Seeliger F Wohlsein P Ball HJ Buchenau I Spergser J Rosengarten R 《The Veterinary record》2002,151(23):699-703
During an outbreak of pneumonia and arthritis in beef calves and young cattle on a large farm in north-west Germany, Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma californicum were isolated from tracheobronchial lavage fluids and synovial fluids. The microbiological findings in dead and living animals and the immunohistochemical demonstration of M californicum antigen in lung and arthritic joint tissue, indicated that under poor housing conditions and possibly other predisposing factors, this mycoplasma, like M bovis, can colonise the respiratory tract and may be able to cross the respiratory mucosal barrier to spread through an infected animal and cause systemic infections that may contribute to severe arthritis. 相似文献
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Mohan K Shroeder-Tucker LC Karenga D Dziva F Harrison A Muvavarirwa P 《Avian diseases》2002,46(4):1051-1054
We report isolation of a strain of fermentative coryneform bacteria from an outbreak of polyarthritis in chickens. This strain could not be assigned to any recognized bacterial taxon because its peculiar phenotype is not yet reported. The strain possessed phenotypic characteristics and fatty acid profile similar to Erysipelothrix but, on the other hand, exhibited temperature-dependent motility like Listeria. We found no evidence of either Mycoplasma synoviae or Chlamydia infection. Details of the phenotype and fatty acid profile of the isolate and measures undertaken to contain the outbreak have been described. 相似文献
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Punyapornwithaya V Fox LK Hancock DD Gay JM Wenz JR Alldredge JR 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2011,98(1):74-78
The objective was to determine the incidence and transmission of mycoplasma mastitis in the hospital pen in a dairy herd of 650 lactating cows after a hospital pen was established following an outbreak of this disease. Mycoplasma mastitis status was monitored for 3 months through repeated collection of milk samples from cows with clinical mastitis (CM) and from bulk tank milk. During the outbreak 13 cows were diagnosed with Mycoplasma bovis CM, 1 cow with Mycoplasma sp. mastitis and 8 cows showed signs of arthritis, 3 of which were confirmed as having M. bovis arthritis. M. bovis isolates from cows with CM, arthritis and bulk tank milk had indistinguishable chromosomal digest pattern fingerprints. Incidence rates of M. bovis CM cases in the milking and hospital pens were 0.01 and 1.7 cases per 100 cow-days at risk. Approximately 70% of cows with M. bovis CM became infected within 12 days of entering the hospital pen. Transmission of M. bovis in the hospital pen occurred as 3 episodes. Each episode corresponded to the introduction of a cow with M. bovis CM from a milking pen. Evidence indicates that cows with M. bovis CM from milking pens were the source of transmission of the disease in the hospital pen and thus their presence in the hospital pen appeared to be a risk factor for transmission of M. bovis mastitis in this single case study herd. 相似文献
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As part of a case-control study designed to identify fowl cholera risk factors, 2087 blood samples were collected from 71 California meat-turkey flocks. Samples were tested for antibodies to three mycoplasmas and four viruses pathogenic for turkeys. Flocks that had antibodies to Newcastle disease virus and/or Mycoplasma meleagridis had an increased risk of having an outbreak of fowl cholera. This information should prove useful for fowl cholera control programs in meat turkeys. 相似文献
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ChHV and Mycoplasma agassizii infections in tortoises share similar clinical signs of lethargy, anorexia, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. In addition, ChHV infection is associated with glossitis and stomatitis and often causes high morbidity and mortality. As was seen in this case, ChHV infection tends to cause higher mortality in T hermanni compared with T graeca and T marginata. T horsfieldi is also considered highly susceptible to ChHV but appeared unaffected in this outbreak. 相似文献
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Application of an indirect ELISA to milk samples to identify cows with Mycoplasma bovis mastitis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Byrne WJ Ball HJ Brice N McCormack R Baker SE Ayling RD Nicholas RA 《The Veterinary record》2000,146(13):368-369
An indirect ELISA was used to detect antibodies to Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples collected from a herd with M bovis mastitis. Antibodies were detected in samples from nine cows which had developed clinical M bovis mastitis. Milk from only three consistently antigen-negative cows tested positive for M bovis antibodies. These results indicate the potential value of the indirect ELISA for the detection of cows which have recently developed M bovis mastitis during the early stages of an outbreak. 相似文献
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Kiyokazu Murai Terry W. Lehenbauer John D. Champagne Kathy Glenn Sharif S. Aly 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2014
Diagnostic strategies to detect contagious mastitis caused by Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae in dairy herds during an outbreak have been minimally studied with regard to cost and diagnostic sensitivity. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic strategies for identification of infected cows in two California dairy herds during contagious mastitis outbreaks. 相似文献
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An acute outbreak of mastitis and arthritis in a herd of 700 goats required the destruction of all but the few animals that were held for observation. The milk of nearly all of about 400 lactating does contained almost pure cultures of Mycoplasma putrefaciens with counts in 150 samples up to 1 X 10(9) colony forming units/ml. At post mortem examination the joints of both the adults and kids contained a fibrinopurulent discharge. M putrefaciens was isolated in pure cultures and large numbers from joints, tissues and fluid not previously known to harbour this mycoplasma: brain, kidneys, lungs, lymph nodes, uterus and urine. The outbreak was milkborne and initiated by infusion of the pathogen into the teat canal by poor hygiene in the milking parlour and by feeding raw colostrum to kids. All but 12 of the herd of 700 goats were killed or sold for slaughter. 相似文献
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B R Charlton A A Bickford R P Chin R L Walker 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1999,11(5):408-415
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to investigate the molecular epidemiology of 26 Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) isolates obtained from turkeys located in the central valley of California. The MG isolates were recovered from 5 different companies and 13 ranches. Each company had unique MG strains. No evidence of spread of MG between companies was detected. RAPD analysis of MG isolates within a ranch during an outbreak revealed only a single strain involved in each outbreak. RAPD analysis identified an isolate from 1 ranch with a banding pattern identical to that of the 6/85 vaccine strain, which had been used on that particular ranch. Similar RAPD banding patterns of isolates from different ranches within the same company suggested horizontal spread of MG between ranches. The use of 2 primer sets in RAPD analysis was critical to prevent misinterpretation of relationships between different isolates. 相似文献
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In five experiments 29 goats were infected experimentally by five different routes with a strain of Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides, LC type, isolated from a contagious caprine pleuropneumonia-like outbreak on a farm in northern Sweden. All the goats were colonised except those inoculated subcutaneously with small doses. In its pattern of pathogenicity this strain was similar to other experimentally tested strains except that peroral infection in kids produced no clinical signs. A 'contact' goat was also colonised but the clinical signs seen in it were probably due to a concomitant infection with Pasteurella haemolytica. 相似文献
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In an enzootic pneumonia-free Australian pig herd, an outbreak of a severe respiratory disease in the grow-out herd was initially diagnosed as acute tracheitis and pneumonia precipitated by the dusty environment, with a superimposed mixed infection of Pasteurella multocida and Arcanobacterium pyogenes. Culture for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Salmonella sp and fungi was negative. The outbreak persisted. Subsequently, gross lesions consistent with enzootic pneumonia occurred, but histological lesions were equivocal and definitive tests for M hyopneumoniae remained negative. Eighteen months after the initial outbreak, gross and histological lesions were consistent with enzootic pneumonia but serological tests were still negative. Almost 2 years later, one of four nasal swabs was positive by the polymerase chain reaction test for M hyopneumoniae, and then lung samples were sporadically positive. The pneumonic disease became endemic in the herd. Gross lesions consistent with enzootic pneumonia occurred in another herd belonging to the same company nearly 2 years after the initial outbreak. Again, results of laboratory tests were inconsistent. Despite sporadic positive polymerase chain reaction tests for M hyopneumoniae, the respiratory disease resolved within 4 months and there has been no clinical evidence of enzootic pneumonia during the subsequent 4 years. These cases raise important questions about the role of the diagnostic tests and their interpretation, and the ecology of M hyopneumoniae and its role in enzootic pneumonia. 相似文献
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A mycoplasma identified asMycoplasma mycoides subspmycoides LC type was isolated from an outbreak of caprine pleuropneumonia and serofibrinous peritonitis. This isolate was the first to be reported in Italy. Experimentally, a rapidly fatal condition followed its inoculation into goats and sheep but inoculation of calves did not lead to clinically apparent infection. Although the organism was recovered for up to 45 days following experimental inoculation of calves, pathological changes were limited to the drainage lymph nodes except in one case where there were histological changes in the lungs. 相似文献
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Radaelli E Castiglioni V Losa M Benedetti V Piccinini R Nicholas RA Scanziani E Luini M 《Research in veterinary science》2011,91(2):251-253
This report describes an outbreak of Mycoplasma bovis mastitis affecting 45 cows in a herd of 122 dairy cattle in Northern Italy. Clinically, the outbreak was characterized by agalactia, multiple swollen and painless quarters, high milk somatic cell count and unresponsiveness to conventional antibiotic therapy. M. bovis was isolated from the milk samples of all the 32 affected cows tested and from the mammary tissue of three affected cows that underwent necropsy. No other pathogens were isolated from these samples. Lesions in two of the necropsied cows were characterized by mild chronic suppurative mastitis and galactophoritis. The other necropsied cow showed a chronic necrosuppurative and pyogranulamaous galactophoritis, a condition not previously associated with M. bovis. M. bovis was detected immunohistochemically in the lumen of the affected mammary ducts suggesting that ascending infection via the teat canal was the likely route of transmission. No other intralesional pathogens were demonstrated microscopically. 相似文献
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Fox LK Kirk JH Britten A 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2005,52(4):153-160
The Mycoplasma sp. that cause mastitis are simple, cell wall-less, bacteria that can colonize and cause diseases in other extramammary sites in the bovine. Prevalence of mycoplasma mastitis appears to be increasing in many locations throughout the world. The best method to identify this group of pathogens is through direct culture on mycoplasma agar media. However, limitations with this culture procedure are the duration of culture, 10 days, special conditions required and thus added expense, and the lack of primary specificity to distinguish between true pathogens and commensal organisms. Thus culture of bulk tank milk samples has been advocated as a primary screening method to determine the mycoplasma status of a herd. This monitoring system is reasonably successful but the sensitivity of detection of Mycoplasma sp. in bulk tank milk is affected by a significant minority of cows that might shed the organism at levels below the threshold of detection. Contagious mastitis control procedures have been effective in controlling outbreaks of mycoplasma mastitis. Yet new methods of control might be warranted, methods that may prevent the outbreak. Current data suggests that a significant number of new outbreaks may occur via internal or animal-to-animal transmission of mycoplasma mastitis pathogens from asymptomatic carriers. 相似文献