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1.
瘤胃厌氧真菌利用其特有的假根系统，优先附着于粗饲料的木质化组织，同时分泌大量的高活性纤维降解酶，裂解植物木质化组织，从而有利于瘤胃细菌对粗饲料的附着和降解。本文对厌氧真菌对粗饲料的附着和侵袭及其分泌的纤维降解酶进行了综述。 相似文献
2.
反刍动物瘤胃纤维降解微生物能分泌大量的纤维素酶和半纤维素酶,在瘤胃纤维降解过程中发挥着重要作用,是反刍动物高效利用粗饲料资源的基础。该文简要介绍了纤维素酶组成、瘤胃纤维素酶基因多样性研究进展,综述了纤维素酶降解纤维素的作用机制以及厌氧真菌对纤维物质的降解过程,概述了近年来瘤胃纤维降解微生物的分离筛选研究进展,以及碳水化合物、饲料加工和添加剂对瘤胃纤维降解微生物的调控作用,以期为相关研究提供参考。 相似文献
3.
厌氧真菌利用其特有的假根系统,优先附着和降解植物的木质化组织,同时分泌大量的高活性纤维降解酶,裂解植物木质化组织,从而有利于其它瘤胃微生物对底物的附着和降解,在植物组织的降解中起着独特的作用。本文对厌氧真菌对植物纤维的附着和侵袭及其分泌的一系列纤维降解酶进行了综述。 相似文献
4.
瘤胃微生物群降解和发酵粗料细胞壁的结构性碳水化合物,为宿主动物提供挥发性脂肪酸和蛋白质。但是,瘤胃降解纤维的速度和程度受到微生物对底物的可及性、粗料的物理和化学特性及瘤胃消化动力学等因素的调控。本文对瘤胃纤维降解微生物降解纤维的机制和调控作一介绍,并阐明今后的研究方向。 相似文献
5.
瘤胃微生物群降解和发酵粗料细胞壁的结构性碳水化合物，为宿主动物提供挥发性脂肪酸和蛋白质。但是，瘤胃降解纤维的速度和程度受到微生物对底物的可及性、粗料的物理和化学特性及瘤胃消化动力学等因素的调控。本文对瘤胃纤维降解微生物降解纤维的机制和调控作一介绍，并阐明今后的研究方向。 相似文献
6.
该试验研究了在40℃和20℃下,在黄贮玉米秸中添加纤维复合酶对其纤维物质降解率的影响。结果表明：40℃的作用温度更有利于纤维复合酶对黄贮玉米秸纤维物质的降解;酶量加大时,对黄贮玉米秸纤维物质降解的降解效果也提高。 相似文献
7.
本试验研究了在40℃和20℃下,太博尔酶(外源纤维复合酶)对黄贮玉米秸秆纤维物质的降解效果。结果:(1)温度可显著加强外源纤维复合酶对黄贮玉米秸纤维物质的降解效果,40℃时的降解效果优于20℃;(2)酶量对降解效果有影响,加大酶量时纤维物质的降解效果好。 相似文献
8.
选取3只体况良好,带有永久性瘤胃瘘管的蒙古羊与小尾寒羊的杂交一代公羊,运用尼龙袋法研究全部驱除瘤胃真菌对绵羊瘤胃内稻草纤维物质降解的影响.结果表明：全部驱除瘤胃厌氧真菌后,改变了瘤胃内纤维物质的降解动力学参数,显著降低了瘤胃内稻草DM、NDF、ADF的降解速率（P＜0.05）,显著提高了三者的消化延滞时间（P＜0.05）,显著降低了稻草NDF、ADF的降解率,而DM的降解率有所降低,但差异不显著（P＞0.05）.说明瘤胃真菌在纤维物质降解中发挥了重要的作用. 相似文献
9.
针对不同瘤胃微生物对牧草的降解,以及影响纤维消化的因素进行综述. 相似文献
10.
瘤胃微生物含有种类丰富的纤维降解酶系统。通过研究纤维降解酶活性在瘤胃内的分布和各种瘤胃微生物降解酶系统等有助于这些酶的开发利用。系统生物学研究的快速发展为大规模克隆更多的纤维降解酶基因提供了可能。文中还综述了纤维降解酶在畜牧生产中的一些应用途径。 相似文献
11.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
12.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
13.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
15.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
18.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
20.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
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