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1.
【目的】分析组织蛋白酶B基因（CatB）在大珠母贝（Pinctada maxima）不同组织中的表达模式,明确CatB在大珠母贝中的功能作用,为培育生长快且抗逆性强的大珠母贝提供基础资料。【方法】利用RACE克隆大珠母贝CatB基因,利用ExPASy ProtParam、ExPASy ProtScale、NPS@SOPMA、SWISS-MODEL及SignalP 4.1等在线软件进行生物信息学分析,并以实时荧光定量PCR检测CatB基因在大珠母贝外套膜（套膜区、边缘膜区和中央膜区）、肝胰腺、鳃、足和闭壳肌等组织中的表达情况。【结果】大珠母贝CatB基因cDNA序列全长1365 bp,其开放阅读框（ORF）1026 bp,5'非编码区（5'-UTR）长度81 bp,3'非编码区（3'-UTR）长度258 bp,共编码341个氨基酸残基。大珠母贝CatB蛋白分子量为37.73 kD,理论等电点（pI）为6.66,脂溶性系数为67.48,不稳定指数为31.18,亲水性平均系数（GRAVY）为-0.451,为稳定的亲水性蛋白;在第89~337位氨基酸存在一个Pept-C1结构域。大珠母贝CatB蛋白二级结构以无规则卷曲为主,占51.03%,α-螺旋占26.98%,β-转角占9.09%,延伸链占12.90%;三级结构与马氏珠母贝（P.fucata martensii）CatB蛋白结构相似。大珠母贝CatB氨基酸序列与马氏珠母贝CatB氨基酸序列（ADX32985.1）的相似性高达90.91%;与长牡蛎（Crassostrea gigas,XP_011428258.1）、海湾扇贝（Argopecten irradians,ANG56311.1）、褶纹冠蚌（Cristaria plicata,AEF32260.1）的CatB氨基酸序列相似性分别为79.47%、65.38%和62.18%。CatB基因在大珠母贝外套膜的套膜区、边缘膜区和中央膜区及肝胰腺、鳃、足和闭壳肌等7个组织中均有表达,以肝胰腺中的相对表达量最高,显著高于在其他组织中的相对表达量（P<0.05）,其次是外套膜的套膜区和中央膜区。【结论】CatB基因在大珠母贝肝胰腺中高表达,其次是外套膜的套膜区和中央膜区,故推测CatB是通过参与大珠母贝的消化吸收作用而调控其生长代谢过程。 相似文献
2.
[目的]明确卵形鲳鲹组织蛋白酶L基因(TroCatL)的遗传进化规律及其组织表达水平,为研究CatL生物学功能及其对病原的抗病机理提供理论依据.[方法]应用RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆TroCatL基因全长cDNA,采用生物信息学方法对其序列特征进行分析;并以实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测TroCatL基因在健康组织中的表达情况及其表达与溶藻弧菌感染的关联性.[结果]TroCatL基因全长cDNA为1492 bp(GenBank登录号MH036350),包括开放阅读框(ORF)1011 bp、5'端非翻译区(5'-UTR)120 bp和3'端非翻译区(3'-UTR)361 bp. TroCatL基因编码336个氨基酸残基,其理论等电点(pI)5.7,预测分子质量37.93 kD,且存在CatL特有的保守结构域(ERFNIN、GNFD和GCXGG基序)及由139Cys、279His和303Asn组成的半胱氨酸蛋白酶保守活性位点.TroCatL氨基酸序列与其他鱼类CatL氨基酸序列的同源性高达83.9%~95.2%,尤其与鲈形目鰤鱼的亲缘关系最近. TroCatL基因mRNA在健康卵形鲳鲹组织中均有表达,以在肝脏中的表达最高,在脑组织中的表达最低.经溶藻弧菌感染后,TroCatL基因mRNA在肝脏、脾脏和血液中的表达水平均上调,肝脏和脾脏中的TroCatL基因mRNA在攻毒后24 h达峰值,血液中的TroCatL基因mRNA在感染后12 h达最高值.[结论]TroCatL蛋白结构域及其催化活性位点在遗传进化过程中较保守,通过参与机体的免疫应答反应,在卵形鲳鲹抵御细菌或病毒侵染的过程中扮演重要角色. 相似文献
3.
Suppression of immune responses by regulatory T cells (Tregs) is thought to limit late stages of pathogen-specific immunity as a means of minimizing associated tissue damage. We examined a role for Tregs during mucosal herpes simplex virus infection in mice, and observed an accelerated fatal infection with increased viral loads in the mucosa and central nervous system after ablation of Tregs. Although augmented interferon production was detected in the draining lymph nodes (dLNs) in Treg-deprived mice, it was profoundly reduced at the infection site. This was associated with a delay in the arrival of natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and T cells to the site of infection and a sharp increase in proinflammatory chemokine levels in the dLNs. Our results suggest that Tregs facilitate early protective responses to local viral infection by allowing a timely entry of immune cells into infected tissue. 相似文献
4.
《农业科学学报》2016,(8)
The glycoprotein 5(GP5) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) is a multi-functional protein that plays important roles in virus assembly,entry and viral anti-host responses.In the present study,we investigated the cellular binding partners of GP5 by using lentivirus transduction coupled with immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry.There were about 40 cellular proteins identified with high Confidence Icons by MS/MS.Ingenuity Pathway Analysis(IPA)indicated that these proteins could be assigned to different functional classes and networks.Furthermore,we validated some of the interactions by co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP) and confocal microscopy,including those with mitofilin,a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that might be involved in PRRSV or GP5-induced apoptosis,and calnexin,a protein chaperone that might facilitate the folding and maturation of GP5.The interactome data contribute to understand the role and molecular mechanisms of GP5 in PRRSV pathogenesis. 相似文献
5.
Inhibition of entry of HIV-1 in neural cell lines by antibodies against galactosyl ceramide. 总被引：54，自引：0，他引：54
J M Harouse S Bhat S L Spitalnik M Laughlin K Stefano D H Silberberg F Gonzalez-Scarano 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,253(5017):320-323
Although the CD4 molecule is the principal cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), several CD4-negative cell lines are susceptible to infection with one or more HIV strains. These findings indicate that there are alternate modes of viral entry, perhaps involving one or more receptor molecules. Antibodies against galactosyl ceramide (galactocerebroside, or GalC) inhibited viral internalization and infection in two CD4-negative cell lines derived from the nervous system: U373-MG and SK-N-MC. Furthermore, recombinant HIV surface glycoprotein gp120 bound to GalC but not to other glycolipids. These results suggest a role for GalC or a highly related molecule in HIV entry into neural cells. 相似文献
6.
Asagiri M Hirai T Kunigami T Kamano S Gober HJ Okamoto K Nishikawa K Latz E Golenbock DT Aoki K Ohya K Imai Y Morishita Y Miyazono K Kato S Saftig P Takayanagi H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5863):624-627
Cathepsin K was originally identified as an osteoclast-specific lysosomal protease, the inhibitor of which has been considered might have therapeutic potential. We show that inhibition of cathepsin K could potently suppress autoimmune inflammation of the joints as well as osteoclastic bone resorption in autoimmune arthritis. Furthermore, cathepsin K-/- mice were resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Pharmacological inhibition or targeted disruption of cathepsin K resulted in defective Toll-like receptor 9 signaling in dendritic cells in response to unmethylated CpG DNA, which in turn led to attenuated induction of T helper 17 cells, without affecting the antigen-presenting ability of dendritic cells. These results suggest that cathepsin K plays an important role in the immune system and may serve as a valid therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases. 相似文献
7.
Solution structure of kistrin, a potent platelet aggregation inhibitor and GP IIb-IIIa antagonist. 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
The structure of kistrin, which is a member of a homologous family of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa (GP IIb-IIIa) antagonists and potent protein inhibitors of platelet aggregation, has been determined by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The 68-residue protein consists of a series of tightly packed loops held together by six disulfide bonds and has almost no regular secondary structure. Kistrin has an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) adhesion site recognition sequence important for binding to GP IIb-IIIa that is located at the apex of a long loop across the surface of the protein. 相似文献
8.
【目的】已有研究显示,猪瘟病毒(CSFV)通过网格蛋白介导的内吞作用侵入宿主细胞,然而参与侵入过程的病毒蛋白尚待阐明。研究旨在明确E2蛋白在CSFV侵入过程中的作用。【方法】通过瞬时转染包装携带E2基因的慢病毒,将慢病毒转导悬浮293细胞构建稳定表达重组E2蛋白的悬浮293细胞系,利用亲和层析的方法纯化重组E2蛋白,同时优化表达时间以增加蛋白产量。利用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分别鉴定了重组E2蛋白的表达水平及其反应原性。通过感染试验、吸附试验以及内化试验分别探究了E2蛋白对CSFV感染、吸附以及内化的影响。将重组E2蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠制备多克隆抗体,通过阻断ELISA检测血清中多克隆抗体的阻断率。利用制备的多克隆抗体与CSFV感作后进行吸附和内化试验,进一步探究了E2蛋白在介导CSFV吸附和内化中的作用。【结果】通过倒置荧光显微镜观察转导慢病毒后的细胞系,与对照细胞相比可见明显的绿色荧光,表明慢病毒成功转导悬浮293细胞。SDS-PAGE结果显示,在还原和非还原条件下均出现与预期大小相符的蛋白条带,经Western blotting验证,上清中表达的重组E2蛋白能够被抗E2蛋白单克隆抗体WH303所识别,表明构建的悬浮293细胞系能够表达重组E2蛋白。通过优化表达条件,悬浮293细胞培养第8天时上清中重组E2蛋白浓度最高可达5.84μg·m L-1。可溶性蛋白阻断试验结果显示,重组E2蛋白具有阻断CSFV感染的活性。利用重组E2蛋白在病毒入侵过程中处理细胞对CSFV的感染同样具有显著抑制作用;阻断ELISA和中和试验结果显示,针对E2蛋白的多克隆抗体能够阻断CSFV感染,且具有良好的中和活性;吸附试验和内化试验证明,重组E2蛋白处理细胞能够显著抑制CSFV的内化,而利用多克隆抗体与CSFV感作后能够显著抑制其吸附。【结论】E2蛋白参与CSFV吸附和内化。 相似文献
9.
[目的]研究蓝藻抗病毒蛋白N(CVN)衍生物(LCVN)对永生化上皮角质形成细胞(HaCaT)的毒性及LCVN凝胶的制备和体外活性检测。[方法]用MTT法测定LCVN对HaCaT细胞株的半数毒性浓度(CC50)以及LCVN对流感病毒毒株A/HK/8/68(H3N2)的半数抑制浓度(IC50);用流式细胞检测法检测LCVN对HaCaT细胞周期与细胞凋亡的影响;用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测LCVN凝胶与HIV包膜蛋白GP120的相互作用。[结果]培养24和48 h后,LCVN对HaCaT的CC50分别为(9.25±1.21)与(1.94±0.12)μmol/L,将LCVN做成凝胶后,与HIV外膜蛋白GP120的结合在一定浓度范围内具有剂量关系,LCVN凝胶对A/HK/8/68(H3N2)毒株的IC50为(98.20±0.03)nmol/L。[结论]LCVN对HaCaT细胞的毒性明显小于CVN,当做成凝胶以后LCVN对流感病毒A/HK/8/68(H3N2)具明显抑制作用,并能与HIV包膜蛋白GP120相互作用。 相似文献
10.
Zhang Z Schuler T Zupancic M Wietgrefe S Staskus KA Reimann KA Reinhart TA Rogan M Cavert W Miller CJ Veazey RS Notermans D Little S Danner SA Richman DD Havlir D Wong J Jordan HL Schacker TW Racz P Tenner-Racz K Letvin NL Wolinsky S Haase AT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5443):1353-1357
In sexual transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus, and early and later stages of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection, both viruses were found to replicate predominantly in CD4(+) T cells at the portal of entry and in lymphoid tissues. Infection was propagated not only in activated and proliferating T cells but also, surprisingly, in resting T cells. The infected proliferating cells correspond to the short-lived population that produces the bulk of HIV-1. Most of the HIV-1-infected resting T cells persisted after antiretroviral therapy. Latently and chronically infected cells that may be derived from this population pose challenges to eradicating infection and developing an effective vaccine. 相似文献
11.
旨在探究脑心肌炎病毒(Encephalomyocarditis virus,EMCV)是否通过内吞途径以及通过何种内吞途径感染细胞,分别采用内吞途径抑制剂、网格蛋白抑制剂、巨胞饮途径抑制剂和肌动蛋白抑制剂作用于Hela细胞后接种EMCV,通过TCID_(50)、qRT-PCR和Western blot等方法检测病毒感染是否受影响。结果显示,内吞途径抑制剂和肌动蛋白抑制剂作用于Hela细胞后,TCID_(50)、qRT-PCR和Western blot等检测结果提示EMCV的感染受到抑制。表明EMCV可通过肌动蛋白参与的内吞途径感染Hela细胞。 相似文献
12.
[目的]实现PRRSV GP5与GP4蛋白在同一载体中表达各自编码的蛋白,发挥GP5蛋白在体液免疫中的优势和GP4蛋白在信号转导中的作用。[方法]利用RT-PCR扩增出GP5与GP4基因,克隆到pIRESneo载体的多克隆酶切位点及新霉素磷酸转移酶位点中,用XhoⅠ和NruⅠ双酶切含GP5和GP4基因的表达盒,将此表达盒克隆到犬2型腺病毒E3区缺失性载体pPolyⅡ-CAV-2-△E3中,以AsⅠc和PmeⅠ双酶切进行鉴定。[结果]将构建好的重组腺病毒免疫小鼠,可以诱导产生较强的体液免疫应答（ELISA抗体和中和抗体）。[结论]该重组腺病毒具有较好的免疫原性,可为研制有效的亚单位疫苗奠定基础。 相似文献
13.
Certain pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, survive within the hostile intracellular environment of a macrophage. To identify host factors required for mycobacterial entry and survival within macrophages, we performed a genomewide RNA interference screen in Drosophila macrophage-like cells, using Mycobacterium fortuitum. We identified factors required for general phagocytosis, as well as those needed specifically for mycobacterial infection. One specific factor, Peste (Pes), is a CD36 family member required for uptake of mycobacteria, but not Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, mammalian class B scavenger receptors (SRs) conferred uptake of bacteria into nonphagocytic cells, with SR-BI and SR-BII uniquely mediating uptake of M. fortuitum, which suggests a conserved role for class B SRs in pattern recognition and innate immunity. 相似文献
14.
Limpens E Franken C Smit P Willemse J Bisseling T Geurts R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5645):630-633
The rhizobial infection of legumes has the most stringent demand toward Nod factor structure of all host responses, and therefore a specific Nod factor entry receptor has been proposed. The SYM2 gene identified in certain ecotypes of pea (Pisum sativum) is a good candidate for such an entry receptor. We exploited the close phylogenetic relationship of pea and the model legume Medicago truncatula to identify genes specifically involved in rhizobial infection. The SYM2 orthologous region of M. truncatula contains 15 putative receptor-like genes, of which 7 are LysM domain-containing receptor-like kinases (LYKs). Using reverse genetics in M. truncatula, we show that two LYK genes are specifically involved in infection thread formation. This, as well as the properties of the LysM domains, strongly suggests that they are Nod factor entry receptors. 相似文献
15.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP_5基因重组腺病毒的构建及特性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
将克隆到的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒全长GP5基因插入到pAdTrack-CMV穿梭质粒中,再将重组质粒pAdTrack-CMV/GP5用PmeⅠ线性化后电转化携带有腺病毒骨架载体pAdeasy-1的大肠杆菌BJ5183感受态细胞,经细菌内同源重组产生重组腺病毒质粒pAdEasy-GP5,经酶切充分暴露反向末端重复序列,再与脂质体混合转染AD-293细胞,成功获得了AD-GP5复制缺陷型腺病毒,经检测证实AD-GP5稳定性好,安全性高.转录水平检测证实,GP5蛋白基因得到了转录;荧光检测发现,外源蛋白已得到表达. 相似文献
16.
Shimojima M Miyazawa T Ikeda Y McMonagle EL Haining H Akashi H Takeuchi Y Hosie MJ Willett BJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5661):1192-1195
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) induces a disease similar to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in cats, yet in contrast to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), CD4 is not the viral receptor. We identified a primary receptor for FIV as CD134 (OX40), a T cell activation antigen and costimulatory molecule. CD134 expression promotes viral binding and renders cells permissive for viral entry, productive infection, and syncytium formation. Infection is CXCR4-dependent, analogous to infection with X4 strains of HIV. Thus, despite the evolutionary divergence of the feline and human lentiviruses, both viruses use receptors that target the virus to a subset of cells that are pivotal to the acquired immune response. 相似文献
17.
Lalani AS Masters J Zeng W Barrett J Pannu R Everett H Arendt CW McFadden G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5446):1968-1971
Chemokine receptors serve as portals of entry for certain intracellular pathogens, most notably human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Myxoma virus is a member of the poxvirus family that induces a lethal systemic disease in rabbits, but no poxvirus receptor has ever been defined. Rodent fibroblasts (3T3) that cannot be infected with myxoma virus could be made fully permissive for myxoma virus infection by expression of any one of several human chemokine receptors, including CCR1, CCR5, and CXCR4. Conversely, infection of 3T3-CCR5 cells can be inhibited by RANTES, anti-CCR5 polyclonal antibody, or herbimycin A but not by monoclonal antibodies that block HIV-1 infection or by pertussis toxin. These findings suggest that poxviruses, like HIV, are able to use chemokine receptors to infect specific cell subtypes, notably migratory leukocytes, but that their mechanisms of receptor interactions are distinct. 相似文献
18.
Srikanth CV Wall DM Maldonado-Contreras A Shi HN Zhou D Demma Z Mumy KL McCormick BA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6002):390-393
The enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes food poisoning resulting in gastroenteritis. The S. Typhimurium effector Salmonella invasion protein A (SipA) promotes gastroenteritis by functional motifs that trigger either mechanisms of inflammation or bacterial entry. During infection of intestinal epithelial cells, SipA was found to be responsible for the early activation of caspase-3, an enzyme that is required for SipA cleavage at a specific recognition motif that divided the protein into its two functional domains and activated SipA in a manner necessary for pathogenicity. Other caspase-3 cleavage sites identified in S. Typhimurium appeared to be restricted to secreted effector proteins, which indicates that this may be a general strategy used by this pathogen for processing of its secreted effectors. 相似文献
19.
为了解载体介导噬菌体入胞及抗胞内寄生菌的最新研究进展,利用文献综述法检索近年载体介导噬菌体入胞的相关文献,从功能发挥、试验技术及应用前景等方面对可应用于介导噬菌体入胞的载体进行整理讨论。结果表明：1)噬菌体作为一类能够感染和裂解细菌的病毒,其天然存在的抗菌特性使其作为抗生素替代物的研究广泛存在,但其靶向胞内寄生菌的基础研究主要集中在国外,国内鲜有报道。2)与游离噬菌体相比,以无机纳米微粒、脂质体等作为载体介导噬菌体入胞,能够防止噬菌体被宿主免疫系统清除和免受细胞内环境影响。3)脂质体因其作为载体可有效提高噬菌体入胞效率及杀菌效率,现已成为研究最广泛的噬菌体入胞载体之一。因此,本文综述近年来国内外关于载体介导噬菌体入胞及抗胞内寄生菌研究进展,详细阐述不同介导噬菌体入胞的载体特性、入胞机制以及如何提高入胞效率等方面的最新研究,并针对目前存在的问题和发展前景进行展望,以期为更有效地利用载体投递系统高效投递噬菌体解决细胞内细菌感染的实际问题提供参考与理论支撑。 相似文献
20.
为了制备猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PPRSV)的单克隆抗体,利用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PPRSV)GP5重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾细胞和NS0浆细胞瘤细胞进行融合,经间接ELISA和阻断ELISA筛选、有限稀释法克隆化获得3株能稳定分泌抗PRRSV GP5蛋白单克隆抗体的(mAb)杂交瘤细胞株,命名为4B7、2C5和2E4。间接免疫荧光(IFA)和免疫过氧化物酶单层试验(IPMA)结果显示,3株mAb均与感染PRRSV BJ 4株的Marc 145细胞特异性反应,表明其可识别天然病毒蛋白。mAb的Ig亚类均为IgG1,细胞培养上清和腹水的ELISA效价分别为1∶256和1∶51 200,Western blot分析表明,mAb均特异性识别PRRSV GP5蛋白。 相似文献