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《浙江林业科技》2016,(1)
对双行矮化超密度骏枣(Ziziphus jujuba cv.Junzao)园"三五九"树形和"小冠疏层形树形"2种树形产量、品质、经济效益方面进行对比试验。结果表明,"三五九"树形保持了枣树的密植状态,增加了果园空间利用率,"小冠疏层形"树形扩大了果树的结果面积,但在密植情况下不利于果树的通风透光;"三五九"矮化密植修剪,三五九"树形修剪技术能较大幅度地提高特级果和一级果的比例,但总体产量下降,"小冠疏层形"树形座果早晚基本一致(早座果时间为7月5日左右),枣果大小差异小、较均匀整齐,无畸形果、单位产量较高,但果品质量较差;"三五九"夏季修剪技术比"小冠疏层形"修剪技术用工多,费用高。 相似文献
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果树的光合作用,是决定果树的产量和果品质量的主要因素之一。果树产量的高低,果实品质的好坏,与果树光合作用的强弱密切相关。果树光合作用的强弱,又受树体结构是否合理所制约,树体结构合理的树,光照良好, 相似文献
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一、果树为什么要整形修剪果树的整形和修剪,是农业八字宪法“营”字的重要技术措施之一,在果树栽培管理上与施肥、浇水、中耕除草、病虫防治等措施同样重要。没有修剪过的果树,枝条密集紊乱,徒长枝、枯枝很多,光照不够,影响果实品质,病虫容易发生,引起落叶枯枝,使树株早期衰老。即使树株在壮年期间,也容易造成大小年结果现象。同时结果的部位距树干愈远,结果愈稀少,这样会给生产上带来很大的损失。修剪过的果树,树形美观,枝条分布均匀,有用的枝条多,光照良好,病虫害少,果实品质优良,营养枝 相似文献
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浅谈果树整形修剪技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
果树整形修剪是果树栽培管理中的一项重要技术措施是关系到果树能否优质丰产的关键环节。果树修剪是否得当,对果树结果迟早、产量高低、品质好坏、经济寿命长短以及是否便于管理等多方面都有直接的影响。因此应该引起广大果农的高度重视,果树适当整形修剪可以调整生长和结果的平衡关系、衰老与复壮之间矛盾,对于迅速提高产量和质量也是必不可少的一条重要途径。 相似文献
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光照影响果树的生长、发育、产量和品质。光强、光质和光时对果园生态环境产生影响。文章主要揭示了光量、光质和光时对果园的影响,为果树的栽培和管理提供理论依据,提高果树的光能利用率,实现果树的高产量和高质量。 相似文献
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为了解Y形架不同整形方式对梨树生长结果的影响,研究了龙干式和二主枝2种Y形架整形方式下‘中梨1号’梨品种幼树树干直径、主枝直径、早期结果性能、果实品质等方面的差异。结果表明,龙干式整形的‘中梨1号’树干直径、主枝直径、40%以上节位结果枝条数、单株平均结果数等均显著高于二主枝整形的‘中梨1号’,表现出良好的幼树早期丰产性。但龙干式整形的树势相对中庸,果实平均单果质量略小于二主枝整形的‘中梨1号’。除了龙干式的果心占比稍大于二主枝‘中梨1号’,2种整形方式的‘中梨1号’果实在果形指数、果肉硬度和可溶性固形物含量等品质指标上并无显著差异。总体上,龙干式较二主枝式更容易整形,树势更中庸,幼树早期丰产性强,但需要强化水肥管理。 相似文献
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Caryocar brasiliense is a native tree found throughout the Cerrado savanna biome in central Brazil, and is exploited by rural population as food
and industry. Although the abundance and popularity of this species in Cerrado have been an important component of local extractive
economy, several aspects of sustainability as fruit production per tree size and growth rate have received little attention.
We monitored, during two growing seasons, the stem growth rates and fruit production of tree in a wild population in Distrito
Federal, central Brazil. The results showed a low growth rate of trees. The proportion of adult population fruiting was higher
in 2006 than in 2007. For the smallest size (7.3-cm stem diameter) to begin fruiting, the estimated age was between 30 and
51 years old, and for tree with the largest stem diameter in the plot (43-cm diameter) the age was estimated to be between
110 and 153 years old. The whole fruit production by hectare was highly variable between years and was associated with differences
in annual precipitation. The total fruit production was 1,004 fruits per ha (72.9 kg ha−1) in 2006, and 299 fruits per ha (21.7 kg ha−1) in 2007. The fruit production per tree was significantly positively correlated between 2006 and 2007 fruit season. Although
an estimated fruit yield for whole Cerrado region is more than enough to support the actual demand, the slow growth rates
and intensive harvesting indicates that more attention to sustainable management is required to avert demographic collapse
of this cornerstone of the Cerrado extractive economy. 相似文献
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红荷包杏是当前国内自然形成的成熟最早的杏树良种，但对其开花坐果习性一直缺乏系统、科学的研究，生产上误解甚多。结合多年实践及科学设计研究方案，初步摸清了其不同树龄、不同树势、不同结果部位及不同结果枝类的败育花率和开花坐果习性。结果显示：红荷包杏坐果率的高低与树龄、树势、结果枝类、结果部位和开花批次有密切关系．红荷包杏幼树的早期丰产比较困难，其丰产稳产的时期在五年生以后才能达到；盛果期正常生长的红荷包杏树，以短果枝及花束状果枝结果为主；虫媒和人工授粉对红荷包杏的授粉、坐果起着决定性的作用，风媒对红荷包杏的授粉基本不起作用；红荷包杏白花坐果率不是零． 相似文献
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Effects of irrigation deprivation during the harvest period on yield determinants in mature almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb cv. Nonpareil) trees were investigated during a 3-year field experiment. Return bloom and fruit set were measured on 2185 individually tagged spurs. Water stress resulting from irrigation deprivation during the harvest period, which purportedly coincides with the time of flower initiation, had no effect on the percentage of spurs that flowered or set fruit during subsequent years. Although water stress had no apparent effect on spur mortality, 66% of the tagged spurs died within 3 years. In addition, many spurs were vegetative by the third year, indicating the importance of spur renewal for sustained fruit production. Reductions in nut yield were evident after two successive years of irrigation deprivation during the harvest period. Regression analysis indicated a loss in yield of 7.7 kg tree(-1) in response to each 1 MPa decrease in stem water potential below -1.2 MPa during the previous seasons. The number of fruiting positions per tree (estimated indirectly for whole trees based on weight of current-year shoots > 5 cm in length) was negatively associated with water stress. Yield reduction in response to water stress during harvest appears to be a compound, multiyear effect, associated with reduced annual growth and renewal of fruiting positions. 相似文献
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本文对3个优良无花果品种在威远的引种适应情况进行了分析.通过对布兰瑞克、玛斯义陶芬和金傲芬的引种试验,将各品种的物候期、生长习性、果实性状以及果实产量与本地无花果品种进行比较分析.结果表明,3个无花果优良品种均能很好地适应威远的气候及土壤条件.引种无花果品种2003年定植当年单株挂果率均达到100％,次年生长迅速变化幅度最大,增幅主要源于新抽梢果枝的增加.与本地无花果品种比较发现,引进品种无花果果实在风味、平均果长、平均果径及平均果重方面明显优于本地品种,其中布兰瑞克的平均hm2产量最高,10 a生树平均hm2产量为31 500 kg;相同立地条件下,引进品种无花果果树生长水平、平均单株产量以及平均公顷产量均明显高于本地品种.3个无花果优良品种可以引入威远栽培. 相似文献
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The fruit of Vitellaria paradoxa is an ideal raw material in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and confectionery industries. There are no accurate data on annual fruit yield due to the lack of objective assessment tools. The objectives of this study were to develop fruit yield prediction models based on dendrometric and fruiting variables, to examine variations in these variables between upland and lowland populations in Burkina Faso, and associations between these variables. A total of 191 fruiting trees were selected according to crown accessibility, and 17 dendrometric and fruiting variables were recorded. The fruit yield, expressed in number of fruits per tree, fresh and dry weights of fruits, was assessed by collecting fruits dropped overnight until the end of the fruiting period. Fruit yield prediction models were derived for each population using partial least squares regression. The results showed significant differences in dendrometric and fruiting variables between populations (P < 0.01). The lowland population had the highest values for most of the dendrometric variables while fruiting variables were the highest for the upland population. A strong significant correlation (P < 0.01) was found between number of shoots and fruiting variables. Within individual trees, fruit yield was lowest for the bottom part of the crown and the section of the crown with north-east orientation. Fruit yield parameters were successfully predicted based on selected dendrometric and fruiting variables (prediction error = 0.092 and 0.125 for upland and lowland populations, respectively). All fruiting variables, number of shoots and crown attributes had the highest influence on the models. 相似文献