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1.
农产品加工业对小城镇建设促进作用研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
经过几十年的发展,中国小城镇建设取得了一定成效,但在发展过程中,出现了区域差距扩大、经济结构粗放、缺乏强有力的产业支撑等问题,导致中西部地区小城镇发展缓慢、缺乏竞争力、农民未能分享城镇化成果等现象。本文通过分析小城镇发展的现实经济需求,以及农产品加工业的发展现状和产业特点,结合区域经济理论--增长极理论,提出应通过发展农产品加工业来促进中国小城镇建设的思路,并提出相应的政策建议。 相似文献
2.
现阶段中国总体处于城镇化快速发展阶段,工农互促,城乡互补。但城乡收入和消费差距仍然较为悬殊,全员劳动生产率差距很大,农村基础设施依然薄弱,农村社会保障水平偏低。随着城镇化发展,一些村庄融入城镇,劳动力大量外出,一些村庄出现了空心化、老龄化问题,同时,随着重大工程实施等,一些村庄也出现了搬迁撤并等新的情况与问题。在乡村振兴的背景下,本研究结合欧洲乡村建设发展的情况和特点,针对国内乡村建设存在的问题,提出了统筹城乡发展空间,做有特色的乡村建设规划,培育新型农业经营主体,融合发展保持乡村活力等一些新的思考与建议。 相似文献
3.
《Journal of Landscape Research》2014,(Z3)
The well-preserved small historic cities and towns in China that have went through thousands of years of vicissitudes play a signifi cant role in studying the town history and architectural spaces,and inheriting behavioral cultures of the locals.However,driven by economic profi ts,the current protection and development of ancient towns focus on ancient images,but neglect behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations,lose their evolution sequence and the relationship between tangible and intangible characters.Protection of ancient towns,as the author asserts,means not simple restoration and simulation of ancient buildings,or blind pursuit of new approaches,but equal importance to repairing architectural forms,protecting the environmental spaces,and intangible behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations of the locals that have been or will be lost in the history.It is the signifi cance of protecting ancient town environment and its history and culture. 相似文献
4.
人力资本是现代农业发展的重要生产要素。利用台湾官方的统计资料,选取受教育程度、性别和年龄三个指标,分析了20世纪80年代以来台湾农业人力资本的变化及其与农业发展的关系,指出大陆应该重视农村职业教育,正视农村社会保障和人口老龄化问题,积极发展乡镇经济,加快小城镇建设,大力推进农村剩余劳动力内部转移 相似文献
5.
加快农村劳动力转移的对策研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
加快农村劳动力转移是建设社会主义新农村的主要内容。通过实证研究湖北农村劳动力转移就业的现状、特点、问题、对策。结果表明,实施阳光工程加快了农村劳动力转移就业速度、效益增高、分布区域集中、特色培训模式形成、特色劳务品牌效应明显。针对农村劳动力素质低、受教育程度低、就业技能缺乏、信息不畅、职业技术教育薄弱、适宜岗位选择面太窄等突出问题,提出了加快发展职业技术教育、提高阳光工程质量、开辟就业途径,重点开发小城镇、中小企业、乡村旅游业、服务业、园艺业、特种养殖业、农产品加工业,促进农村城镇化、农村工业化、农业产业化,发展农村经济,提供适宜农村劳动力转移就业的更多岗位,是当前加快农村劳动力转移就业的根本对策。 相似文献
6.
县域农村居民点整理潜力测算及分级 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为改善现有农村居住环境,提高农村土地节约集约利用水平,促进区域协调发展,以北京市怀柔区为例,按照人均建设用地标准法计算各乡镇农村居民点理论整理潜力,并在此基础上通过区位地理状况、土地利用率、社会、经济方面构建怀柔区农村居民点整理潜力评价指标体系,修正理论整理潜力,计算出各乡镇的现实整理潜力并对其进行分级,最后针对各分级提出统筹建议。结果表明：怀柔区现有农村居民点人均用地面积为186.45m2,农村居民点人均用地总面积总体偏大,超出国家标准。经过修正,怀柔区各乡镇农村居民点现实整理潜力为628.56hm2,呈现不同特征和明显的地域差异,最大的是庙城镇,潜力规模为131.42hm2,最小的是杨宋镇,潜力规模仅有3.22hm2。根据各乡镇整理潜力大小将怀柔区分为3级,Ⅰ级区整理潜力最小;Ⅱ级区次之;Ⅲ级区整理潜力最大。本研究的结果比较客观的反应了怀柔区各区域农村居民点整理的地域差异,对当地农村居民点整理具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
7.
Water supply in small towns is one of the important components of the small towns' economy and society development.Based on the actual condition of water supply system,this paper analyzes the problems existed in water supply system of small towns,such as gradually polluted sources,imperfect water supply facilities,smaller scales,unreasonable quantity and so on.In addition,the corresponding measures are put forward to guarantee water supply system develop speed in small towns.Those countermeasures are launching sources protection work to guarantee the drinking water safety according to the character of the small town,then adopts reasonable water supply style,chooses economy water processing method,optimizes water network system construction;selects reasonable quantity consumption quota,and carries out gradually the regional water supply mode in conditional small towns. 相似文献
8.
Based on the perspective of ecological concept,this study first interpreted the background of ecological civilization construction,and combed the relationship between ecological concept and small town planning.Second,it expounded the ecological problems of natural resources,economic development,landscape system,social humanities and other aspects in the construction of contemporary small towns.According to the study,the construction of small towns based on the ecological concept should establish the concept of "ecology first",practice "multiple compliance",coordinate the relationship with other planning,make reasonable planning and design in the aspects of town scale,functional orientation,structural form,road traffic,landscape style and features,humanistic characteristics,and strengthen the implementation,supervision and management of planning.Finally,summary and outlook was made,hoping that the study will be of reference value and guidance to the planning and construction of small towns. 相似文献
9.
推进城乡在经济、社会、生态等方面融合性、协调性、关联性发展,是实现乡村振兴的重要路径。通过构建新疆城乡融合发展综合评价体系,测算研究区2014—2019年城乡融合发展指数,分析探讨影响因素,揭示城乡融合发展的趋势特征与地区差异。结果表明：研究期内（1）新疆城乡融合发展水平总体呈增强态势,城乡融合发展不断加强。城乡公共服务、城乡产业经济是新疆城乡融合发展的主要动力;城乡人口要素和城乡生活质量成为制约城乡融合发展综合水平提升的关键因素。（2）新疆各地州市城乡融合发展水平差距逐渐缩小,城乡融合发展水平整体呈现稳定增长态势;人口要素融合增长较快,公共服务融合增长较慢。据此,研究建议构建大、中、小多层次城镇空间格局,强化中心城市主体功能区建设,推进一、二、三产业融合,加快构建城乡均等化公共服务体系等对策建议,有助于正确把握和评价新疆各地州城乡融合发展实践,推动新型城镇化与乡村振兴战略协调发展。 相似文献
10.
The laggard status of rural human settlement environment of mountain region in Yunnan Province affected the balanced development between city and countryside, so accelerating its construction is the urgent need of rural development. In this paper, the characteristics and realistic influence of traditional pattern of rural human settlement environment construction in Yunnan mountain region are expounded. Moreover, it puts forward the construction pattern, which depends on the development of small towns by analyzing the connection among natural environment characteristics, society and economy innovation and the pattern of human settlement environment construction. At last, several advices are brought forward for the actual action of rural human settlement environment construction in future. 相似文献
11.
《Journal of Landscape Research》2016,(5)
New urbanization targets at coordinated urban-rural development, and construction of ecological and livable environment, it is the foundation for breaking urban-rural dual structure of China and promoting the agricultural modernization. Small cities and towns as carriers of new urbanization have already become important paths of realizing new urbanization and solving problems concerning 300 million peasants in China. Considering the requirements of new urbanization, this paper took Luzhou City in Sichuan Province for example to explore development path suitable for small cities and towns in west China and gave pertinent suggestions. 相似文献
12.
本文运用Tobit模型和调查数据,考察了农村经济社会发展状况对农村劳动力流动行为决策的影响。结果发现：农村经济发展状况整体上对农村劳动力流动产生显著的负向作用;农村基础设施对农村劳动力流动也产生负向影响。在中国城乡二元结构长期作用下,即便在惠农、强农的政策体系和促进城乡经济社会一体化发展的制度框架已初步建立,县域经济和乡镇企业发展迅速的大环境下,农村经济和生活环境的改善,并不能从根本上阻挡农村劳动力向城市流动的趋势。建议政府切实贯彻“一号文件”,以社会主义新农村建设为契机,将有限的资源重点投入到既能促进农民外出打工又能增加劳动力在本地转移的公共事业和基础设施建设上。 相似文献
13.
To research the distortions of Chinese economy under a system of free markets, a computable general equilibrium model is constructed. And we will derive the model. The conclusions of the study are: (1) prices and resource allocation in the 1995 Chinese economy were substantially distorted; (2) labor was be overpaid and capital was underpaid in most non-agriculture sectors;(3) More the agricultural labor force would have been employed by the non-agricultural sectors had China been a market economy. (4) The elimination of these distortions would imply a significant improvement in allocation efficiency and a redistribution of income from labor to capital, from households to the state, and from urban households to rural households. 相似文献
14.
四川盆地边缘山地和川中丘陵区是四川省农村劳动力的主要输出地。本研究分别选择沐川县和安岳县作为两区域的样本县,采用与人口规模成比例的分层概率抽样(PPS)方法,按3乡镇/县、3行政村/乡镇、5村民小组以上/行政村的标准抽取调查乡镇、行政村和村民小组,再用间隔法在村民小组内抽取农户(共6乡镇、27村、101村民小组和813户),通过农户问卷和综合分析,从县域和乡镇两个尺度进行两县域农村劳动力转移的比较研究。结果表明：(1)农村劳动力转移仍是川中丘陵区(安岳县)和盆地边缘山地(沐川县)农村劳动力配置的主要方式,但前者农村劳动力转移强度和压力远大于后者。(2)受区位、资源环境、农业结构和非农产业等因素综合作用,在县域尺度上安岳县农村劳动力以省外转移为主,且比以省内转移为主的沐川县转移强度大、女性比重高、转移带来的留守老年/未成年人等社会问题更为突出。(3)资源环境相对一致的安岳县在乡镇尺度上农村劳动力转移主要受社会经济因素影响,乡镇间转移强度、转移劳动力文化程度与女性比例、省外转移比重、就业行业分散程度等均与乡镇对外联系便捷度、经济条件呈正向变动。而资源环境与社会经济分异复杂的沐川县,其乡镇农村劳动力转移受资源环境和社会经济的双重影响,乡镇间转移劳动力的状况与转移强度差异复杂,但乡镇间转移流向和就业领域差异不大,转移带来的社会问题与转移强度呈正向关联。(4)今后应充分认识和重视安岳县所在的川中丘陵区农村劳动力流动及合理配置的难度和问题。同时,要根据自然与社会经济的分异实际,从县域与乡镇两个尺度因地制宜地促进其流动与合理配置：安岳县应将区域流动与就地转化相结合,并着力改善基础设施促进落后乡镇劳动力转移;而沐川县应逐步向就地转化过渡,着力于有条件乡镇就地转化的探索。此外,实施区域产业转型与农村劳动力流动的有效联动是两地的共同选择。 相似文献
15.
城市化进程中的农村居民点用地变化分析
——以广州市为例 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15
随着社会经济的发展,在区域建设用地变化中,占重要地位的农村居民点用地变化,已经成为城乡一体化进程中值得关注的问题。以城市化为角度对广州市农村居民点用地现状和变化进行了分析,研究发现在1997~2002年间,广州市的城市化水平综合指标由68.28增加到75.28,年平均增长的比率为1.92 %,而农村居民点用地的变化非常平稳,在6年间共增长了 796.67 hm2,年平均增长的比率为0.47 %。以上数据反映广州市农村居民点用地变化滞后于经济发展和城市化。广州的城市化是以自组织为主的城镇化,产业与居住的分散化决定了小城镇发展呈现均衡性特征。这样实质上把有限的农村空间割裂为多个不大的发展中心。这种多中心往往导致无中心,即建设无重点、发展无中心、各乡镇过度竞争,造成区域内资源的不合理流动与低效率配置,影响资源向优势区位的流转,无法形成土地资源的集约利用,最终导致农村居民点用地变化滞后于经济发展和城市化。针对农村居民点用地状况,当前对策主要是依托城市化对农村居民点进行土地整理规划使其用地变化向规模减少、集约利用发展。广州市有农村居民点的各区(县级)市,发展情况各不相同,根据不同的社会经济发展条件和地理条件可以对上述区域进行分类,分别采用适合的模式。 相似文献
16.
Master towns of Chongqing includes Wanzhou, Fuling, Jiangjin, Huochuan and Yongchuan. According to the stratage of developing Western China and urbanization, this article discusses tendency of sustainable development in towns of Chongqing. Applying `evaluation method of arrangement model' and `analyze method of equal difference ', the authors find the short wming of the quality of urbanization and the sustainable development in five towns. So the article takes center city and towns construction and set up cooperation mechanism between the five cities that will be sure to increase momentum and ability of Chongqing for Sustainable development object. 相似文献
17.
低碳型新农村建设初探 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
低碳经济成为全球意志和中国的现实选择。如何推进现代农业建设的顺利进行,提高农民收入和改善农村生态环境,实现农业的可持续发展,这是新农村建设中面临的根本问题。本文阐述了低碳型新农村建设的重要意义和关键举措。 相似文献
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19.
重视和发展农业是中国实施可持续发展战略的关键。当前传统农业发展模式制约了农业经济的发展和劳动生产率的提高。为探寻适合农业快速发展的方式,对传统农业和现代农业两种发展方式进行了比较,得出发展现代农业不仅是增加农民收入,实现农业可持续发展,保证国家粮食安全的需要,而且也是提高中国农产品国际竞争力和建设新农村的必然选择。农民是新农村建设的主体,因此,要发展现代农业必须首先提高农民对发展现代农业的认识,并依靠科技培养现代化的新型农民;为加快解决农村富余劳动力转移问题,必须完善土地承包经营权流转制度;为满足新农村建设的需要,还应构建符合现代农业发展要求的新型农村金融服务体系,以及加大财政资金转移支持力度等措施。 相似文献
20.
WU Pei-lin~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(6):6-12
The rural urbanization process in Chongqing is much slower than that in other metropolitans and most of the provinces in eastern China, which can't adapt to its important function as the economic and cultural center in southwestern China.It is urgent for Chongqing to accelerate the rural urbanization for improving its whole urbanization level and speeding up its economy development to catch up with other metropolitans and some advanced provinces.Compared with the urbanization in other metropolitans and some provinces, the authors demonstrated the rural urbanization situation and its characteristics in Chongqing in details, analyzed the reasons for the poor urbanization and its influences on the social-economic development especially that in the rural area.Inferior position of Chongqing's small towns in the market competition with those from other provinces is one of the results of its poor urbanization development.At last, the authors suggested a few practical countermeasures to improve the rural urbanization in order to get a rapid and sustainable rural development and to increase the whole economic effects of the metropolitan. 相似文献