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1.
1. A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of high dietary copper concentrations obtained from tribasic copper chloride (TBCC, 58% copper) and copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4, 25% copper) in replacing antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in duck diets.

2. A total of 960 one-day-old Cherry Valley meat-strain ducks were divided into 3 treatment groups, with 8 replicates per treatment, in a 6-week feeding trial. The ducks were fed a basal diet supplemented with AGP (40?mg zinc bacitracin/kg and 40?mg garlicin/kg of diet) or 150?mg of Cu/kg of diet, given as either CuSO4 or TBCC.

3. The body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and mortality of ducks were not affected by the dietary treatments. However, the feed/gain ratio of ducks that were fed TBCC diets was significantly lower than those of ducks that were fed CuSO4 diets and were similar to those in the AGP group.

4. TBCC increased the Cu content in the liver tissue of ducks compared with the content in those that were fed the diet supplemented with AGP. TBCC also increased the Fe and Zn content in breast muscles compared with that in ducks that were fed the diet supplemented with CuSO4.

5. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly higher in the serum of ducks that received the diet supplemented with TBCC than AGP or CuSO4. TBCC treatment decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum of ducks compared with groups supplemented with CuSO4.

6. No significant difference was observed in liver or muscle fat content among the different dietary treatment groups. The serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was lower in ducks fed AGP diets than those fed CuSO4 diets.

7. It was concluded that the replacement of AGP with 150?mg of Cu/kg of feed from TBCC improved the feed efficiency, trace mineral deposition and antioxidant status more than when the source of copper was CuSO4.  相似文献   

2.
试验旨在研究日粮添加不同水平微生态制剂对樱桃谷鸭生产性能的影响,确定最佳添加水平。选用1日龄樱桃谷鸭750只,随机分成5个组(试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,Ⅴ组为对照组),每组设3个重复,每个重复50只。分别在基础日粮中添加500、1000、1500、2000和0 mg/kg微生态制剂,饲养至42日龄。结果表明,添加1000和1500 mg/kg的微生态制剂促生长效果显著高于对照组(P<0.05);添加1000 mg/kg微生态制剂的肉鸭全程料重比最佳;添加500 mg/kg的微生态制剂组对肉鸭增重不明显;添加2000 mg/kg的微生态制剂组优于对照组和500 mg/kg添加组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,日粮微生态制剂能促进樱桃谷肉鸭的增重、降低料重比,从而提高其生长性能、产肉性能及养殖效益,1000 mg/kg微生态制剂能取得最佳料重比和经济效益,1500 mg/kg微生态制剂能取得最佳产肉性能,由此可知,添加1000 mg/kg微生态制剂为最佳添加水平。  相似文献   

3.
本试验旨在研究红棕油对肉鸭生长性能、肠道发育、营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响.选取1日龄健康、体重为(50±2)g的樱桃谷肉鸭640羽,随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复16羽(公母各占1/2).对照组饲喂添加0.45％棕榈油的基础饲粮,试验1组饲喂添加0.15％红棕油+0.30％棕榈油的基础饲粮,试验2组...  相似文献   

4.
在饲喂大麦基础日粮条件下, 适量添喂粗酶制剂可使： ①雄雏鸡（７ ～２１ 日龄） 、肉用仔鸡（１ ～４２ 日龄） 、生长鹅（７ ～６０ 日龄） 及肉鸭（１ ～４２ 日龄） 均在不同程度上提高增重和饲料利用率。②食糜的粘度降低, 通过消化道的速度加快, 改善了消化机能。③血液ＩＧＦ Ⅰ、Ｔ３ 水平明显升高, 促进生长。④提高禽体细胞免疫力。  相似文献   

5.
The aim of this study was to examine effects of dietary supplementation with Aspergillus awamori and feeding canola seed on the growth and fatty acid profile in broilers. Twenty‐eight chicks (15 days old) were assigned to the following groups: (1) control, fed a basal diet; (2) awamori, fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05% A. awamori; (3) canola, fed a diet containing 5% canola seed; and (4) canola + awamori, fed the canola diet supplemented with A. awamori (seven birds/group). Body weight gain was increased by A. awamori but not influenced by canola seed. Breast muscle weight was increased in either awamori or canola groups. Although plasma triglyceride and cholesterol were decreased by feeding A. awamori or canola seed, fat content in the breast muscle were increased, accompanied by decrease in saturated fatty acids and increase in unsaturated fatty acids. Moreover, decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and increased α‐tocopherol content in the breast muscle was observed in all experimental groups. In conclusion, these results suggested that feeding canola seed and A. awamori might improve growth performance, and modified muscle fatty acid profile and α‐tocopherol content, suggesting that they may improve meat quality.  相似文献   

6.
将216只1日龄健康樱桃谷肉公鸭随机分成3个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复12只。处理1喂正对照基础饲粮,处理2喂负对照基础饲粮（降低能量水平）,处理S喂负对照基础饲粮加1860μg／kg的木聚糖酶。试验结果表明。在低能量饲粮中添加木聚糖酶可显著降低1～14．日龄肉鸭的料肉比（P〈0．05）,显著降低7日龄盲肠酸度（P〈0.05）,肉鸭生长性能可达到高能量饲粮的饲养效果．而各处理间的平均日增重和肠道相对黏度无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。  相似文献   

7.
苏默  李秋 《中国饲料》2021,1(8):53-56
文章旨在评估日粮添加牛至草粉对1～42?d肉鸭生长性能、抗氧化和肉品质的影响。试验选择1日龄、平均体重为（48.63±0.06）g的商品肉鸭560只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复26只。对照组肉鸭饲喂基础日粮,处理1组肉鸭饲喂基础日粮+50?mg/kg抗菌肽,处理2组和处理3组分别饲喂基础日粮+20和40?mg/kg牛至草粉。结果：与对照组相比,20?mg/kg牛至草粉组42?d肉鸭的体重显著提高7.23%（P＜0.05）,同时该组1～42?d肉鸭的饲料报酬显著提高14.81%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,20和40?mg/kg牛至草粉组肉鸭肌肉谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性分别显著提高23.08%和23.93%（P＜0.05）。抗菌肽组和20?mg/kg牛至草粉组肌肉丙二醛含量较对照组分别显著降低47.49%和52.36%（P＜0.05）。对照组血清丙二醛含量最高,20?mg/kg牛至草粉组丙二醛含量最低,对照组血清丙二醛含量较处理组分别显著提高87.53%、156.96%和78.07%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,处理组肌肉蒸煮损失分别显著降低35.86%、41.73%和39.95%（P＜0.05）,20和40?mg/kg牛至草粉组肌肉硫代巴比妥酸值分别显著降低11.76%和14.71%（P＜0.05）。结论：在本试验条件下,日粮添加牛至草粉对肉鸭的影响可以达到与抗菌肽一致的效果,其中粮添加20?mg/kg牛至草粉可以显著改善1～42?d肉鸭的饲料报酬,提高肌肉和血清的抗氧化性能,降低肌肉蒸煮损失。 [关键词]牛至草|肉鸭|生长性能|抗氧化|肉品质  相似文献   

8.
Magnolol rich in Magnolia officinalis is a bioactive polyphenolic compound. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of magnolol additive (MA) on carcass and meat quality, biochemical characteristics and antioxidative capacity of Linwu ducks, by comparing it to that of antibiotic additive (colistin sulphate, CS). A total of 275 49‐d‐old ducks were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 5 cages of 11 ducks each and fed by the diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg of MA/kg and 30 mg of CS/kg for 3 weeks, respectively. The results revealed that MA administration not only increased dressed percentage (calculated as a percentage of live weight), percentage of breast muscle, leg muscle and lean meat (calculated as a percentage of eviscerated weight), but also remarkably increased a*45 min and pH45 min of leg muscle. Moreover, MA administration decreased the percentage of abdominal fat (calculated as a percentage of eviscerated weight), 45‐min cooking loss, water loss rate of leg muscle, 45‐min cooking loss and drip loss of breast muscle at 24 hr and 48 hr. Furthermore, MA administration enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in serum or liver, serum total antioxidant capacity and hepatic reduced glutathione concentration significantly, compared with the basal diet or CS group (p < .05). On the other hand, triglyceride, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and 8‐hydroxy‐2'‐deoxyguanosine contents in serum and liver were significantly increased in Linwu ducks fed with CS, compared with MA groups (p < .05). Taken together, these data demonstrated that magnolol could effectively improve the carcass and meat quality of Linwu ducks by regulating the in vivo antioxidant status and would be a potential candidate to replace antibiotic.  相似文献   

9.
An in vivo experiment was conducted to compare the effects of dietary supplementation with oleuropein and/or α‐tocopheryl acetate on growth performance, serum lipid concentrations and lipid oxidation of Japanese quail meat during refrigerated storage. Performance and slaughtering parameters were not affected by dietary treatments. The diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 150 or 200 mg/kg were more effective in delaying lipid oxidation in breast and thigh meats compared with the control diet. The dietary inclusion of neither vitamin E nor oleuropein at different levels did not significantly affect the fatty acid compositions of the breast meat compared with the control diet. The diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 150 or 200 mg/kg had significantly the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid and omega‐3 fatty acid contents in thigh meat compared with the vitamin E diet. The ratio of omega‐6 fatty acids to omega‐3 FAs in thigh meat of quails fed diet supplemented with vitamin E at the level of 200 mg/kg was equivalent to those of quails fed the diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 100 and 150 mg/kg . The results showed that the dietary oleuropein supplementation at 150 mg/kg level may be used in quail diets enriched with the polyunsaturated fatty acids of vitamin E as a natural antioxidant.  相似文献   

10.
The study was designed to investigate the effect of Rhodobacter capsulatus on serum and meat cholesterol, fatty acid composition in meat, as well as meat quality of finishing pigs. A total of 16 120-day-old Landrace female pigs of about 60 kg initial body weight were randomly assigned into two groups. The pigs were fed a supplemented diet with 0.04% dietary R. capsulatus or a control diet for 60 days. Total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration in serum was significantly lowered ( P  < 0.05) in the pigs fed the R. capsulatus supplemented diet compared to the control diet. Carcass weight, carcass length, shoulder fat, back fat and loin fat thickness, longissimus muscle (LM) area, and color score did not differ significantly between the pigs fed the R. capsulatus supplemented diet and control diet. Among the nutrient composition of LM meat, neutral fat and triglyceride concentration were significantly ( P  < 0.05) reduced in the finishing pigs by dietary supplementation of R. capsulatus . The proportions of n-6 PUFA were higher ( P  < 0.05) in the pigs fed the R. capsulatus supplemented diet than in the pigs fed the control diet. The supplementation of dietary R. capsulatus to finishing pig diet played important roles in reducing serum cholesterol and meat triglycerides, as well as in increasing polyunsaturated fatty acid content in LM meat.  相似文献   

11.
本文旨在研究酵母硒、黄芪多糖及其复合剂对半番鸭生长性能、肉品质和抗氧化能力的影响。从同一批饲养的22日龄半番鸭中挑选出体重相近的144只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只鸭,试验期为49 d。采用2×2因子水平设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮+0.3%酵母硒,试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础饲粮+300 mg/kg黄芪多糖,试验Ⅲ组饲喂基础饲粮+复合剂(300 mg/kg黄芪多糖+0.3%酵母硒)。试验期间测定生长性能指标,并于70日龄每组随机选择12只(每重复4只)进行屠宰,测定其胸肌肉品质和抗氧化指标。结果显示:1)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组平均日增重、平均日采食量及料重比与对照组相比差异均不显著(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),平均日采食量和料重比与对照组无显著差异(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组24 h p H均显著或极显著提高(P0.05或P0.01),48 h滴水损失率、蒸煮损失率、剪切力显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01);试验Ⅲ组肉色红度(a*)值显著提高(P0.05);试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组肉色黄度(b*)值均显著降低(P0.05)。3)试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组24~120 h的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)均显著或极显著高于对照组(P0.05或P0.01);试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组48~120 h和72~120 h的丙二醛(M DA)含量分别显著或极显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01),试验Ⅲ组24~120 h的MDA含量极显著低于对照组(P0.01)。随储存时间延长,各组SOD、GSH-Px活性和T-AOC均呈下降趋势,MDA含量则呈上升趋势,但3个试验组各抗氧化指标的变化速度比对照组缓慢。4)酵母硒和黄芪多糖对肌肉24 h p H、剪切力、24~120 h的SOD活性、48~120 h的GSH-Px活性、120 h的M DA含量有显著或极显著交互作用(P0.05或P0.01)。由此可见,酵母硒、黄芪多糖均可改善半番鸭肌肉品质和提高抗氧化能力,降低脂质过氧化程度,有效延长货架期,且二者对于肌肉抗氧化、p H和嫩度改善均具有明显的协同效应。  相似文献   

12.
饲喂不同油脂对黄羽肉鸡肌肉组织中脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
选用 8 3日龄的雌性广西黄羽肉鸡 90只 ,随机分成 5组 (每组设 2个重复 ,每个重复 9只 ,共 18只 ) ,研究饲粮中不同油脂对肉鸡肌肉组织脂肪酸组成的影响。 5组饲粮分别含 3%的富含饱和脂肪酸的棕榈油 (PO3组 ,对照组 )、 3% (LO3组 )和 5%的富含α 亚麻酸 (C18:3n 3,ALA)的亚麻油 (LO5组 )、 5%的富含长链n 3脂肪酸 (如C2 0 :5n 3,EPA ;C2 2 :6n 3,DHA)的鱼油 (FO5组 )、 5%的富含亚油酸(C18:2n 6 ,LA)和ALA的火麻仁油 (HO5组 )。饲喂 2 8d,取样测定胸肌和腿肌中的脂肪酸组成。结果表明 :PO3(对照组 )肌肉中的n 6 /n 3脂肪酸比值比例高于其他组 (P <0 0 5) ;与对照组相比 ,LO3组和LO5组以ALA和LA为主的多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)增加 (P <0 0 5) ,ALA和LA在体内可转化为相应的长链脂肪酸 ;FO5组以长链n 3PUFA ,(如EPA、DPA、DHA)为主的PUFA含量增加 (P <0 0 5) ;HO5组以LA为主的n 6脂肪酸高于其他组 (P <0 0 5) ;长链PUFA (如DHA)易沉积于胸肌中 ,而LA ,ALA易沉积于腿肌中。由此可见 ,肉鸡肌肉组织脂肪酸的组成充分反映了饲粮油脂的脂肪酸组成 ,通过饲粮中添加不同脂肪酸组成的油脂可生产富含特定PUFA的鸡肉  相似文献   

13.
1. Chicken breast meat is a lean meat due to its low content of intramuscular fat (IMF) resulting in an overall lower acceptability by consumers due to a decrease in juiciness, flavour and increased chewiness. Recently, studies performed in pigs suggested the possibility of increasing IMF by decreasing dietary crude protein (CP) content, an effect possibly mediated through an increased lipogenesis.

2. Dietary supplementation with lipids rich in omega 3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) may modulate an increase in the content of these fatty acids in meat from monogastric animals and, thus, promote the daily intake of n-3 LC-PUFA by humans.

3. LC-PUFA are very susceptible to oxidation, resulting in off-flavours that affect meat quality and consumers’ acceptability.

4. This trial was conducted to assess the effect of reducing dietary CP, from 21% to 17%, on chicken’s meat IMF content and, simultaneously, to evaluate if a complementary supplementation with a proprietary n-3 LC-PUFA source (DHA Gold?) could improve meat quality. These effects were assessed by measuring productive performance and meat quality, oxidative stability, sensory traits and fatty acid profile.

5. A reduction in CP content of broiler diets, from 21% to 17%, balanced for lysine, improved performance while it was not sufficient to increase IMF content in chicken meat. In contrast, DHA Gold? supplementation had a positive impact both in broiler productive parameters and in meat fatty acid profile.

6. In addition, incorporation of 7.4% of DHA Gold? in the diet promoted carcass yield but negatively affected chicken meat acceptability by consumers, due to a decrease of meat oxidative stability.

7. Overall the data suggest that neither a dietary supplementation with DHA Gold? nor a reduction in CP have a direct positive effect in the levels of IMF present in broiler meat.  相似文献   

14.
本试验旨在研究饲粮复合酶制剂水平对北京填鸭胴体性状、体脂沉积和营养物质表观消化率的影响。选取35日龄健康、大小均匀的雄性北京鸭96只,随机分成4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复4只鸭。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加100、200和300 mg/kg的复合酶制剂,试验鸭在35和36日龄饲粮填饲量分别为260和300 g,之后5 d各组饲粮填饲量均为400 g/d。试验期为7 d。结果表明:1)饲粮复合酶制剂水平对北京填鸭屠体重、屠体率、全净膛重、全净膛率、腿肌重、腿肌率、龙骨长和胸宽均无显著影响(P0.05),而对北京填鸭增重、胸肌重、胸肌率、胸肌厚、肌胃重和肌胃率有显著影响(P0.05)。试验2组和试验3组北京填鸭胸肌重和肌胃重分别比对照组显著提高了7.88%和7.60%(P0.05)。2)饲粮复合酶制剂水平对北京填鸭皮脂重、皮脂率、腹脂重、腹脂率、肝脏重、肝重率和肝脂率均无显著影响(P0.05)。试验1组皮脂厚与对照组相比显著提高了16.2%(P0.05)。3)饲粮复合酶制剂水平对北京填鸭干物质和总能表观消化率无显著影响(P0.05),而对北京填鸭粗蛋白质表观消化率有显著影响(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加复合酶制剂对北京填鸭体脂沉积无显著影响,但能够提高饲粮中粗蛋白质表观消化率,并促进胸肌和肌胃的生长发育。  相似文献   

15.
本试验旨在探讨日粮中添加染料木素对肉鸭屠宰性能及脂肪代谢的影响。选取1日龄樱桃谷肉鸭300羽,雌雄各半,按照配对试验原则分为3组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验I组和II组日粮中分别添加3、6 mg/kg染料木素,每组100羽,雌雄各50只,试验进行7周后,从每个处理组抽取20只肉鸭,屠宰用于试验测定（每组10公10母）。结果显示,与相应对照组相比,日粮中添加染料木素对母鸭屠宰性能和血清生化指标无显著影响。日粮中分别添加3、6 mg/kg染料木素均可显著降低雄性肉鸭腹脂率、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）与总胆固醇（T-CHO）水平;添加6 mg/kg染料木素还可显著提高雄性肉鸭瘦肉率及血清瘦素水平。本试验结果表明,染料木素可通过生化途径促进雄性樱桃谷肉鸭的脂防代谢,并表现出明显的性别差异。  相似文献   

16.
This study investigated whether offspring from n‐3‐supplemented breeders have an enhanced performance and immune organ weight when fed a post‐hatch n‐3‐enriched diet in comparison with their control‐fed counterparts and the importance of timing of omega‐3 supplementation. Therefore, 480 Ross‐308 broiler breeder hens were fed one of four different diets (120/treatment). The control diet (CON) was a basal diet, rich in n‐6 fatty acids (FA). The three other diets were enriched in n‐3 FA, formulated to obtain a different EPA/DHA ratio of 1/1 (EPA = DHA), 1/2 (DHA) or 2/1 (EPA). At 33 weeks of age, eggs were incubated to obtain 1440 offspring. They were set up according to their maternal diet and sex in 48 pens of 30 chicks each (12 pens per maternal treatment: six male and six female). Half of the offspring were given a post‐hatch control diet, whereas to other half received an n‐3‐supplemented diet. Zootechnical performance was followed for starter, grower and finisher phase, and at the end of each phase two, chicks per pen were sacrificed to determine the weight of the immune organs. No interaction was found between maternal and post‐hatch n‐3 treatment for zootechnical performance. An interaction arose between the maternal and post‐hatch n‐3 supplementation for proportional bursa weight at day 1 and day 14 and proportional liver weight at day 14, but effects on immune organ weight were rather limited. Offspring post‐hatch n‐3 supplementation did not enhance maternal n‐3 supplementation.  相似文献   

17.
为制定优质肉鸭最优饲养技术方案,提高优质肉鸭饲养的经济效益和品质,本研究选择900只1日龄优质肉鸭(益客集团E品系),随机分为3组,每组3个重复,分别采用地面平养、笼养、网上平养,在70日龄进行屠宰性能和肌肉主要营养成分测定。结果表明:网上平养肉鸭的屠体重较其他2种饲养方式有显著提升(P<0.05);网上平养的全净膛重与半净膛重、头脚重、胸肌重与笼养无显著差异,但其半净膛重、头脚重、胸肌重、腹脂重高于地面平养(P<0.05);网上平养的腿肌重与其他2种饲养方式无显著性差异;网上平养肉鸭的胸肌中蛋白质含量较其他2种方式显著提升(P<0.05),在腿肌蛋白质含量上三者差异不显著;网上平养肉鸭的腿肌脂肪含量高于地面平养(P<0.05),而3种饲养方式的胸肌脂肪含量无显著差异;胶原及水分含量与笼养相比在胸腿肌中差异不显著。可见,优质肉鸭采用网上平养较为适合。  相似文献   

18.
仙湖3号鸭肉质特性比较分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
试验对49日龄公母各半的仙湖3号鸭进行了不同性别、系别以及部位间肌肉品质的比较分析,测定指标包括贮存损失、熟肉率、pH值、水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷含量、肌纤维直径,结果表明:①水分和干物质含量系别间有极显著差异(P<0.01),其他化学指标以及加工特性指标差异不显著。②性别间腿肌肌纤维直径、胸肌肌纤维长短轴比存在显著差异(0.01≤P<0.05),公鸭的胸肌比母鸭细,但母鸭的腿肌却比公鸭细;部位间肌纤维直径胸腿肌间的差异极显著(P<0.01),胸肌优于腿肌。系别间胸肌肌纤维长短轴比有显著差异(0.01≤P<0.05),A系优于B系。总体看来肉质母鸭略优于公鸭,父系优于母系,胸肌优于腿肌。  相似文献   

19.
本试验旨在研究核黄素缺乏对1~28日龄北京鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、器官指数、组织核黄素含量及血浆生化指标的影响。采用单因子完全随机试验设计,选取360只1日龄健康的雄性北京鸭,随机分为3个组,即核黄素缺乏组、采食配对组(人为控制该组采食量与核黄素缺乏组一致)和自由采食对照组,每组12个重复,每个重复10只鸭。核黄素缺乏组试验鸭饲喂核黄素缺乏饲粮(实测核黄素含量为1.38 mg/kg),采食配对组和自由采食对照组饲喂核黄素充足饲粮(在核黄素缺乏饲粮基础上添加10 mg/kg核黄素)。试验期为28 d。结果表明:与采食配对组和自由采食对照组相比,核黄素缺乏组试验鸭的平均日增重、胸肌率和腿肌率显著降低(P0.05),料重比和死亡率显著升高(P0.05),肝脏指数、心脏指数和胰腺指数显著提高(P0.05),血浆核黄素、肝脏核黄素和黄素单核苷酸含量显著降低(P0.05),血浆谷草转氨酶活性及总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量显著提高(P0.05)。由此得出,核黄素是北京鸭生长发育必需的营养素;饲粮中缺乏核黄素可降低1~28日龄北京鸭的生长性能和组织中核黄素含量,可提高肝脏指数并导致血浆总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量及谷草转氨酶活性升高。  相似文献   

20.
Leg problems often result from the rapid weight gain and poor bone quality in modern ducks, leading to a high risk of fractures and continuous pain. We hypothesized that improving bone quality in combination with delaying weight gain via a low nutrient density (LND) diet probably reverses these skeletal abnormalities. Studies indicated that 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3), a vitamin D3 metabolite, is effective in treating bone-related disorders. Therefore, Exp. 1 evaluated the effects of 25-OH-D3 on tibial mass of meat ducks. Male meat ducklings were fed a standard nutrient density diet (containing a regular vitamin regimen) without or with 25-OH-D3 at 0.069 mg/kg for 35 d. The results showed that 25-OH-D3 supplementation improved the mineral content, microarchitecture and mechanical properties of tibias, and this companied by a decreased serum bone resorption marker and a concomitant decrement in osteoclast-specific marker genes expression. Subsequently, Exp. 2 was conducted to examine the impacts of 25-OH-D3 incorporating an LND diet on tibial quality of ducks under 2 different vitamin regimens (regular and high). Ducklings were allocated to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 kinds of vitamin premixes and without or with 25-OH-D3 at 0.069 mg/kg in LND diets. The high premix had higher levels of all vitamins except biotin than the regular premix. The results demonstrated that high vitamin diets exhibited more significant effects than regular vitamin diets on inhibiting bone turnover and increasing minerals deposition. Tibial mineral content, microarchitecture, and strength of birds under the regular vitamin regimen were increased by 25-OH-D3 supplementation; However, these positive effects were not observed in ducks under the high vitamin regimen. To conclude, 25-OH-D3 supplementation improves tibial mass by suppressing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption in meat ducks, and this positive impact only was observed in regular but not high vitamin regimen when birds fed an LND diet.  相似文献   

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