共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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使用液相色谱串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测9种天津市售主要经济贝类中13种麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish poisoning,PSP)的含量,分析PSP的污染现状和成分特征。结果显示,共计6个品种(紫贻贝、虾夷扇贝、牡蛎、毛蚶、脉红螺、菲律宾蛤仔)检出PSP。其中虾夷扇贝、紫贻贝、毛蚶3个品种的检出率较高且含量较高,检出率分别为66.7%、58.3%、58.3%。PSP中检出率较高的毒素包括N-磺酰胺甲酰基类毒素C1、C2和膝沟藻毒素GTX1、GTX2、GTX3,毒力占比主要以膝沟藻毒素GTX1-4为主,毛蚶蓄积STX毒素的能力强于其他贝类。全年的PSP含量季节变化为夏季最高,冬季最低。PSP主要存在于贝类的消化腺内,全年不同月份的PSP含量均在安全食用范围内。 相似文献
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《河北渔业》2013,(9)
对2011年2月至2012年1月天津市售双壳经济贝类麻痹性贝毒(PSP)污染状况进行为期一年的抽样,调查其食用安全性。分别采用小白鼠生物法和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定毒素含量及分析毒素组成。在所抽查的10种,103个贝类样品中,有3种16个样品呈阳性,虾夷扇贝全年均检测出PSP阳性,其中6-8月毒力超过食用标准,毛蚶在5、6、7月结果呈阳性,波纹巴非蛤在6月中有染毒现象,毒力范围分布在49530Mu/100g之间。对阳性样品进行HPLC检测出6种麻痹性贝毒成分,其中低毒力的C1、C2为毒素主要成分,高毒力的STX、GTX1检出率低,中毒力的GTX2、GTX3均有检出。麻痹性贝毒在天津市场范围内检出率及含量整体水平不高,但应提示有关部门应在春季预防,在夏季加强对食用贝类的监测和宣传,保证市民健康安全。 相似文献
3.
为监测渤海海域唐山贝类养殖区贝类毒素的污染情况,防止食用贝类中毒事件发生,于2019年10月—2020年9月间,每月持续在渤海海域唐山贝类养殖区采集四角蛤(Mactra veneriformis)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)、脉红螺(Rapana venosa)、牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)、青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)、文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)和硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria) 7种经济贝类样品,采用高效液相色谱–串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法测试了5种腹泻性贝类毒素(diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, DSP)和14种麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish poisoning, PSP)。结果显示,在7种经济贝类样品中均未检出DSP。检出的PSP成分包括石房蛤毒素(Saxitoxin, STX)、膝沟藻毒素1 (Gonyautoxin 1, GTX 1)、膝沟藻毒素2 (Gonyautoxin 2, GTX 2)和脱氨甲酰基膝沟藻毒素3 (Ddecarbamoy l gonyautoxin 3, dcGTX 3),其中,GTX 1含量最高且最高值为537.95 μg/kg。不同季节贝类毒素蓄积含量有一定差异,PSP主要集中在4月检出。菲律宾蛤仔、牡蛎、文蛤和硬壳蛤中PSP的检出率分别为11.76%、47.06%、5.90%和8.82%,其他贝类均未检出。PSP总量均低于欧盟及中国的食用安全限量标准800 μg STXeq/kg。应用风险熵值法和点评估法进行食用安全风险评估,显示风险熵值和暴露风险指数均在安全范围内,结果表明,渤海海域唐山贝类养殖区7种经济贝类不存在食用安全风险。 相似文献
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建立灵敏可靠的麻痹性贝类毒素(PSP)检测技术是保障我国贝类水产品质量安全的有力手段。本研究选取3-(2-呋喃甲酰基)-喹啉-2-羰醛(FQ)为荧光衍生试剂,利用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)和柱前衍生荧光检测技术,建立了贝类中3种高毒性PSP毒素成分(STX、GTX1及NEO)的检测方法,对影响荧光衍生效率和色谱分离效果的各主要实验因素分别进行了优化。结果表明,在优化后的最佳实验条件下,3种PSP毒素成分线性方程的相关系数(r)均大于0.998,保留时间(tm)及峰面积(PA)的日内及日间精密度RSD值分别小于3.1%和5.6%,当信噪比(S/N)等于3时,检测限范围为7～14μg.kg-1,样品加标回收率为82%～92%,RSD值小于5.2%。该方法灵敏、稳定且可靠,可用于贝类中三种高毒性PSP毒素成分的日常分析检测。 相似文献
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链状亚历山大藻的培养及麻痹性贝类毒素的提取和检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins,PSP)的来源和检测,对实验室分离培养的产麻痹性贝类毒素的链状亚历山大藻进行了研究。首先通过接种对数生长期藻细胞,培养8 d内就能达到最高细胞密度(2.4×104 cells/mL)左右,再以0.05 mol/L的醋酸超声波破碎藻细胞提取粗毒素,结合小白鼠生物检测法,经高效液相色谱分析,本株藻主要含有C1/2、GTX4、GTX5和NEO,浓度分别为GTX5(0.827 5)>GTX4(0.339 2)>C2(0.252 6)>NEO(0.126 6)>C1(0.045 5)(单位:μmol/L),毒素粗提液经过Sephadex-G15凝胶层析柱处理,用小白鼠生物法和荧光分光光度法联合检测定位,收集到纯度较高的PSP,本论文工作为将来贝类毒素的研究提供资料。 相似文献
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《中国渔业质量与标准》2018,(5)
为了调查深圳大鹏澳海域翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)中麻痹性贝类毒素(PSP)的污染特征,探析翡翠贻贝中PSP含量与水体中产毒藻种类的关联情况,2017年8月到2018年4月,每月在大鹏澳海域采集翡翠贻贝和浮游植物样品。贝类样品经石墨化碳黑固相萃取小柱净化后,采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定13种PSP,初步调查了PSP的污染水平及产PSP藻类的种类与丰度。结果显示:浮游植物样品中均未检出PSP,而翡翠贻贝样品在2017年12月至2018年3月,共检出GTX2、GTX3、GTX5、dc GTX2、dc GTX3、NEO、C1和C2等8种毒素,每种毒素的质量浓度为2. 12～354. 55μg/kg,各个样品PSP的含量为0. 93～220. 90μg/kg(以STX计)。水体中优势藻均为中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、柔弱角毛藻(Chaetoceros debilis Cleve)和柔弱菱形藻(Nitzschia delicatissima)等硅藻,占浮游植物样品总量的90%以上,其他藻类种类少,丰度低。甲藻检出较多的有具尾鳍藻(Dinophysis caudata)、夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)、大角角藻(Ceratium macroceros)和叉角藻(Ceratium furca)等。2017年12月翡翠贻贝体内检出的PSP含量最高,之后迅速降至较低水平,而浮游植物中产PSP甲藻的比例未发现明显增加。大鹏澳翡翠贻贝中检出的PSP种类多,但大多为毒性较低的毒素种类。尽管深圳大鹏澳翡翠贻贝中PSP的含量低于欧盟的限量标准,但冬季仍有必要加强监测翡翠贻贝中PSP的污染状况。 相似文献
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《中国渔业质量与标准》2017,(2)
为了确保贝类毒素监测结果的有效性和可信性,建立和规范快速准确的麻痹性贝类毒素(PSP)检测方法,本研究梳理了小鼠生物法(MBA)快速准确检测PSP的实验室规范要求、影响因素及操作要点。并运用MBA法,对浙江沿岸海域养殖区采集的贝类样品进行3个批次的PSP应急监测分析,结果表明,赤潮高发对贝类富集PSP有很大影响。此外,结合对浙江沿岸养殖区PSP的现状分析,提出了养殖贝类质量安全相关监管意见。 相似文献
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《海洋渔业》2021,43(3)
为探究塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)产麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish poisoning, PSP)的能力,通过设置不同空间效应、盐度和营养素浓度对塔玛亚历山大藻进行培养,分析不同培养条件下塔玛亚历山大藻产麻痹性贝类毒素的能力。结果表明:1)塔玛亚历山大藻中至少含有13种PSP组分,其中主要成分为GTX1、GTX4、GTX5和C1、C2,占总毒素的97.2%。当藻细胞数量低于4×10~3个时,13种组分均不能定量检出;当藻细胞数量在4×10~3～5.9×10~6个时,13种组分不能完全定量检出;当藻细胞数高于5.9×10~6个时,13种组分均能够检出。2)不同条件下塔玛亚历山大藻产PSP能力比较,盐度25、35培养组显著高于盐度15培养组,1 L培养组显著高于0.1 L培养组,寡营养培养组显著高于富营养组。研究结果表明,塔玛亚历山大藻具有丰富的毒素谱,且分别在盐度25、1 L培养液和1/4倍营养素浓度下具有最佳产毒能力。 相似文献
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Hiroshi Oikawa Tsuneo Fujita Ken Saito Masataka Satomi Yutaka Yano 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(2):395-403
ABSTRACT: The difference in paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin accumulation in the crabs Telmessus acutidens and Charybdis japonica was investigated at Onahama, Fukushima Prefecture, from 2002 to 2005. The level of toxin accumulation in the hepatopancreas of T. acutidens corresponded to that of mussels when examined on a yearly basis. In 2003, some crabs had a high toxicity of approximately 1000 MU, which compares to one-third of the human minimum lethal dose. Therefore T. acutidens should be monitored as a vector species of PSP toxin. The toxin profile of T. acutidens was also investigated. Because an increase in highly toxic species of PSP toxins with a decrease in low toxic species, such as N -sulfocarbamoyl-11-hydroxysulfate toxins, was not clearly observed between consecutive samples, toxin transformation in T. acutidens was considered to have a minimal impact on toxicity. PSP toxins were also detected in several specimens of C. japonica , but the highest toxicity was only 7.4 MU/g in the hepatopancreas. Because C. japonica is widely distributed in the coastal waters of Japan, investigation of toxin accumulation in the crab should be continued, including its investigation in different areas of water from Onahama, where the causative dinoflagellates of PSP occur in different conditions. 相似文献
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Hiroshi Oikawa Yukihiko Matsuyama Masataka Satomi Yutaka Yano 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1180-1186
The accumulation of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin in the crab Charybdis japonica was investigated in Kure Bay, when a bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, in the same water, showed toxicity caused by PSP toxin. In 2005, 17 specimens of the crab had PSP toxin over 4 MU/g in the
hepatopancreas, and the highest toxicity was at 37.4 MU/g. Since the regulation limit of PSP for crab hepatopancreas was set
in 2004, this is the first observation of regulatory level of PSP toxin in C. japonica. Unlike in the hepatopancreas of the crab, the hazardous level of the toxin was not detected in the muscle of the cephalothorax
and the appendage. The toxin accumulation in the crab was also investigated by feeding toxic mussels to the crab. The crab
retained the toxin mainly in the hepatopancreas, and the ratio of retention in the crab was from 12.9 to 24.6%. The toxin
profiles, shown in the feeding experiments, suggest that the transformation of PSP toxin occurs in the crab because dcGTX2
and dcGTX3 was detected in all crab specimens despite the lack of these analogs in the mussels used as feed. 相似文献
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The attracting effect of paralytic shell poison (PSP) on eight toxic snail species (Polinices didyma, Natica lineata, N. vitellus, Zeuxis sufflatus, Niotha clathrata, Oliva miniacea, O. mustelina, O. hirasei) and two non-toxic species (Pomacea canaliculata, Satsuma bairdi) was investigated. Eight toxic species were reported to contain tetrodotoxin, and three out of these contained minor PSP.
The minimum lethal dose of PSP in most toxic gastropods was estimated to be more than 150 MU PSP/20 g body weight, but in
non-toxic gastropods was less than 15 MU PSP/20 g body weight. After the attracting test, all toxic gastropods showed significant
positive linear relationship (Y=3.716X+0.363, r=0.8427) between comparative attracting variation and the toxicity reported. The relationship between PSP resistance ability
and the toxicity also had a positive correlation (Y=0.91X+210.090, r=0.6803). However, the non-toxic species showed a negative response. This indicates that PSP is an attractant for toxic snails. 相似文献
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扇贝中麻痹性毒素的提取与分离纯化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了获得麻痹性毒素标准品,以毒化扇贝为试验材料,对扇贝中的麻痹性毒素(PSP毒素)进行了提取和分离纯化。以酸性80%乙醇溶液反复提取麻痹性毒素,得到了总毒性为6170MU的毒素粗提液。毒素粗提液经过超滤、Bio-GelP-2凝胶柱层析和Bio-Rex70离子交换柱层析等二次层析柱分离纯化后得到以膝沟藻毒素群(GTXs)为主的纯化PSP毒素。HPLC分析结果显示,扇贝中主要含有膝沟藻毒素GTX3,GTX1、GTX2、GTX3、和GTX4的组成比例约为2∶4∶14∶1(以HPLC上的峰面积比例计)。纯化后的毒素可以作为标准物质用于GTX1-4的HPLC分析。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins produced by Alexandrium isolates from Korea were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromography. Species designation of the regional isolates was determined by morphological criteria and ribotyping inferred from sequences of the 28S rDNA D1-D2 region. Toxin analysis performed at the exponential growth phase, revealed that the two strains of A. fraterculus were non-toxic, while the strains of A. tamarense and A. catenella were toxic. Toxic isolates DPC7 and DPC8 of A. catenella produced GTX1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dcGTX2, 3, C1, 2, neoSTX and STX with trace or non-detectable levels of C3 and C4, while isolates UL7, KDW981, SJW97043, SJW97046, KJC97111 and KJC97112 of A. tamarense produced GTX1, 2, 3, 4, dcGTX3, C1, 2, neoSTX with trace or non-detectable levels of C3, 4, dcSTX and STX, and no GTX5 and dcGTX2. The major toxins produced by A. catenella were C1 +2, and those of A. tamarense were C1 +2 and GTX4 in most of the isolates. A. tamarense strains other than SJW97046 produced a relatively high proportion of carbamate toxins, reflecting the high toxicity scores of shellfish intoxication in sampled coastal areas. Two representative toxic isolates, A. tamarense SJW97043 and A. catenella DPC7, were cultured for 30 days in batch mode and subjected to toxin analysis at 5-day intervals. Comparison of toxin productivity in terms of total toxin content, toxin components, and their variations with culture age revealed marked differences between the two strains. 相似文献
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Hiroshi Shimada Mayumi Sawada Iori Tanaka Hiroki Asami Yasushi Fukamachi 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(4):865-877
To design a method for predicting outbreaks of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in scallop fishing grounds, the relationship between the distribution of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense and the dynamics of the Soya Warm Current (SWC) was examined in the Okhotsk Sea off Hokkaido. Surveys were conducted from May to June to clarify the transportation mechanism of A.?tamarense from the oceanic area to the coastal area. The sea-level difference (SLD) between Wakkanai and Abashiri was monitored as an index of the strength of the SWC southeastward flow in an alongshore belt to examine the possible occurrence of A.?tamarense in the coastal area during temporal weakening of the SWC. A bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was used for direct observations of the SWC. The results indicated that PSP occurred when low-salinity water contaminated with A.?tamarense extended to the coast during temporal weakening of the SWC due to a decrease of the SLD. Our results strongly indicate that predictions can be realized by monitoring the decrease of SLD as an index of temporal weakening of the SWC after surveys of the distribution of A.?tamarense in the oceanic area before the period of PSP occurrence. 相似文献
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为了解流水式养殖场养殖动物中弧菌和气单胞菌的感染状况,分别针对霍乱孤菌肠毒素A亚单位(ctxA)基因、0139和01群群特异基因、毒力协同调节菌毛A亚单位基因(tcpA)、中心调节蛋白基因(toxR)、副溶血弧菌不耐热溶血素基因(tlh)、创伤弧菌Vibrio vulnificus溶细胞素基因(vvhA)和嗜水气单胞菌的气溶素基因(aerA)设计引物,建立了聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测技术,PCR产物经电泳,根据扩增条带的大小和数目,检测和区分霍乱孤菌、嗜水气单胞菌和副溶血孤菌.对南昌沿岸霍乱流行水域及附近养殖场的养殖动物进行了18个月的连续监测,对1 440份水产品的增菌液进行PCR检测,17份检出副溶血弧菌,25份检出霍乱弧菌,创伤弧菌和嗜水气单胞菌均未检出.扩增结果与传统培养检测法的结果一致.监测结果表明,南昌附近地区霍乱弧菌和副溶血弧菌检出率分别为1.74%和1.18%,总体感染状况处于较低水平,但个别养殖品种弧菌检出率较高. 相似文献