共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 953 毫秒
1.
根际促生菌应用于基质对水稻幼苗生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
为了研究根际促生菌对水稻幼苗的促生效果，培育高效优质水稻育苗基质，本研究选用五株根际促生菌（LY5枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis），LY11解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens），X2摩拉维亚假单胞菌(Pseudomonas moraviensis)，X3沙芬西芽孢杆菌（Bacillus safensis），X8绿针假单胞菌(Pseudomonas chlororaphis)）分别与本实验室已筛选出的最适配比基质进行混合制作高效水稻育苗基质，以不添加促生菌为对照，在盆栽条件下，研究根际促生菌对水稻幼苗生长和代谢的影响。结果表明：1）解淀粉芽孢杆菌（LY11）应用于育苗基质对水稻幼苗的促生效果及代谢活性最好。2）在育苗基质中添加根际促生菌后，地上部生物量和壮苗指数均比对照显著增加，增幅分别在18.0%-31.5%和11.38%-23.28%之间。3）添加根际促生菌的育苗基质能够促进水稻幼苗根系的生长，根体积、总根长等均比对照显著增加，且改善了根系形态结构，显著提高了根系活力。4)根际促生菌处理显著促进了水稻幼苗对氮磷养分的吸收，且氮、钾的转运系数显著提高。5）水稻幼苗体内谷氨酰胺合成酶和蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性在促生菌处理下均显著提高。因此，根际促生菌应用于水稻育苗基质能够促进秧苗的生长并提高其代谢活性，本研究结果能够为高效优质水稻育苗基质的研发提供理论支撑。 相似文献
2.
为探明长期不同养分缺乏对冬油菜根际与非根际土壤细菌和真菌群落组成结构及多样性的影响,以江汉平原中稻 -冬油菜田间定位试验为研究对象,选取施磷钾肥不施氮肥(-N)、施氮钾肥不施磷肥(-P)、施氮磷肥不施钾肥(-K)和施用氮磷钾肥(NPK)4个处理,于成熟期采集各处理冬油菜非根际土壤(标记为 0)和根际土壤(标记为 1)。基于 Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对土壤样本的细菌 16S rDNA和真菌 ITS进行扩增、测序,并结合生物信息学分析根际和非根际土壤中细菌和真菌群落组成和多样性。结果表明:长期养分的投入缺乏造成土壤 pH和养分含量均有不同程度的降低。相比非根际土壤,冬油菜根际土壤的有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量有富集的趋势,而缓效钾差异不显著。长期平衡施肥(NPK处理)条件下,油菜根际土壤的细菌多样性比非根际土壤高,而根际真菌多样性低于非根际土壤。门分类水平上,各处理土壤中的细菌优势物种是绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门和变形菌门,平均相对丰度分别为 30.9%、25.7%和 17.6%;真菌优势物种是子囊菌门和担子菌门,平均相对丰度分别为 52.0%和 6.3%。相比 NPK处理,-N、-P和 -K处理对冬油菜根际和非根际细菌、根际真菌群落分布有显著影响,但对非根际真菌群落分布无明显作用,从而导致各处理的优势属种类型和相对丰度差异显著。冗余分析结果表明,pH、速效钾和有效磷含量对土壤细菌群落结构的影响最为显著,而有机质和碱解氮含量对真菌群落结构的影响最为明显。可见,长期不同养分缺乏会显著改变冬油菜根际细菌和真菌群落的组成结构及其多样性,尤其是缺磷、缺氮,其次是缺钾。因此,平衡施肥仍是维持农田微生物生态系统平衡与稳定的重要措施。 相似文献
3.
【目的】蚯蚓和丛枝菌根真菌处于不同的营养级,但在促进植物生长和提高土壤肥力等方面却都发挥着积极作用。研究蚯蚓菌根互作及其对玉米吸收土壤中的氮、磷养分的影响,可为提升土壤生物肥力及促进农业的可持续发展提供理论依据。【方法】本研究采用田间盆栽方式,以玉米为供试作物,研究蚯蚓(Eisenia fetida)与丛枝菌根真菌(Glomus intraradices)互作及其对玉米养分吸收的影响。试验设置P 25和175 mg/kg两个水平。每个磷水平进行接种与不接种菌根真菌以及添加与不添加蚯蚓,共8个处理。调查了玉米生长、养分吸收以及真菌浸染和土壤养分的有效性。【结果】两个磷水平下,蚯蚓和菌根在增加玉米地上部和根系生物量方面有显著正交互作用(P0.05)。接种菌根真菌的各处理显著增加了玉米的侵染率及泡囊丰度、根内菌丝丰度等菌根指标。同时添加蚯蚓和接种菌根真菌的处理(AM+E)显著提高了菌根的侵染率、菌丝密度、丛枝丰度和根内菌丝丰度但是泡囊丰度有所下降。两种磷水平下,AM+E处理玉米地上部和地下部含氮量和含磷量均显著高于其他三个处理。在低磷条件下,地上部氮磷总量的增加分别是添加蚯蚓和接菌的作用;而地下部磷总量的增加主要是菌根真菌的作用。在高磷条件下,单加蚯蚓显著增加玉米氮磷的总量,而接种菌根真菌对玉米氮磷吸收的影响未达显著性水平。在高磷条件下,单加蚯蚓的处理显著提高玉米地上地下部生物量(P0.05),而单接菌的处理效应不显著,蚯蚓菌根互作通过提高土壤微生物量碳、氮实现对玉米生长和养分吸收的调控。在低磷条件下,单接菌显著提高了玉米的生物量(P0.05),单加蚯蚓的处理具有增加玉米生物量的趋势。菌根真菌主要促进玉米对磷的吸收,蚯蚓主要矿化秸秆和土壤中的氮磷养分增加土壤养分的有效性,蚯蚓菌根互作促进了玉米根系对土壤养分的吸收并形成氮磷互补效应。【结论】无论在高磷还是低磷水平下,蚯蚓菌根相互作用都提高了玉米地上地下部生物量、氮磷吸收量同时提高了土壤微生物量碳、氮。蚯蚓菌根相互作用对植物生长的影响取决于土壤养分条件。在高磷条件下(氮相对不足),蚯蚓菌根互作通过调控土壤微生物量碳、氮调控玉米生长和养分吸收。低磷条件下,菌根主要发挥解磷作用,蚯蚓主要矿化秸秆和土壤中的氮素,蚯蚓和菌根互补调控土壤中氮、磷,从而促进植物的生长和养分吸收。 相似文献
4.
玉米不同供肥强度和施肥配比下养分的吸收与利用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《土壤通报》2010,(5)
应用氮磷等比和以磷定氮两种试验方案统一在同一试验中进行的设计方法,对施肥比例与最大施氮量的关系及氮磷养分的吸收利用进行了研究。结果表明,氮磷比例显著影响最高产量施氮量的试验结果,同时也显著影响氮磷养分的吸收和利用。氮磷等比条件下的最大施氮量范围内,玉米按比例吸收氮磷养分并有效转化,氮肥的利用率和生理利用率都比较高;而以磷定氮下土壤氮磷养分的不平衡供应则导致玉米对氮磷养分的不平衡吸收和转化,从而使玉米的产量水平降低。 相似文献
5.
6.
根际是养分进入作物系统的门户,也是土壤-根系-微生物相互作用的微域。根际界面过程决定了氮磷养分的供应强度和有效性,最终影响了氮磷养分的利用效率和作物生产力。近年来,国内外在揭示农田土壤-根系-微生物系统中不同界面的养分转化、吸收和运输机制方面取得了一些新进展。在不同时空尺度上分析了影响土壤氮磷转化微生物组成的影响因子;研究了丛枝菌根系统形成的信号机制及其对氮磷吸收的基因调控机制;从信号网络、根系质子分泌和根构型的角度系统揭示了作物根系应对根际环境氮磷养分供应的形态和生理响应机制。未来针对根际氮磷高效利用问题,需要深入研究土壤-根系-微生物不同界面的协同机制和调控原理,在根际微域和土壤团聚体尺度开展微生物食物网及其关键功能微生物分布格局和演替规律的研究;揭示根构型对根系–微生物协同结构和功能的影响,研究养分缺乏条件下根内质子分泌和关键转运蛋白对根系生长和养分吸收的调控机制;针对粮食作物,研究根系-微生物对话中已知信号物质(如独脚金内酯和N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯)和新的信号物质(小RNA)的网络作用机制及其对多养分协同代谢的影响;最后,针对不同气候、土壤、作物类型区,提出提高氮磷利用效率的根际生物调控途径和措施。 相似文献
7.
磷硼互作对油菜生长发育、养分吸收及产量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以常规油菜品种中双9号和杂交油菜品种中油杂2号为材料,研究了盆栽条件下不同磷、硼供应水平对油菜生长发育、农艺性状、营养吸收及产量的影响.结果表明,在本试验条件下,磷肥用量是决定油菜不同生育期生物学产量的主要因素.在供磷条件下,适当增施硼肥能增加油菜生物学产量6.65%～19.39%,经济产量6.29%～104.44%;但在缺磷条件下,过高硼肥用量在一定程度上加重了油菜的缺磷症状,经济产量下降达17.65%～42.86%.杂交油菜中油杂2号花期对硼更加敏感,而常规品种中双9号成熟期对硼敏感.植株中氮、磷、钾养分含量随着施磷量的增加有着不同程度的提高,说明施磷有助于养分的吸收. 相似文献
8.
巨大芽孢杆菌在油菜根部定殖和促生作用的研究 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
采用基因标记技术和常规方法跟踪巨大芽孢杆菌A6 (gusA)在缩影系统油菜根际的定殖情况。A6 (gusA)菌在油菜不同根段部位的定殖密度表现从上到下逐渐递减的现象。随着接种后时间的延长而逐渐下降。在根段 8cm以外的根区几乎检测不到接种菌。在油菜播种后 3d ,定殖密度可达最高水平 (8 7×10 5cfug-1根 ) ,然后急速下降 ,30d后保持相对稳定的较低水平 (2 2× 10 2 cfug-1根 )。在促生试验中 ,表现在不同程度上增加植株干重、全氮、全磷和全钾的含量 相似文献
9.
从山东泰安农田土壤中筛选获得1株固氮能力强的菌株N3,通过形态观察、生理生化特征以及16S rDNA基因序列分析,确定为巨大芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus megaterium),该菌株固氮酶活性达C2H428.33 nmol/(h·ml)。温室条件下进行二月兰盆栽试验,设置不接菌对照(CK)、接种巨大芽孢杆菌N3、接种产吲哚乙酸(IAA)菌CDL29和复合接种菌株N3+CDL29四个处理,探讨了接种不同植物促生菌对二月兰的促生效果。结果表明:接种植物促生菌均促进二月兰的生长,且单一接种固氮菌株N3的促生效果最好,其显著提高二月兰地上部氮、磷和地下部氮、钾的含量,相比对照,增幅分别为33.03%、55.56%和29.87%、51.11%,其他处理也有提高二月兰养分含量的趋势,但并不显著;单一接种菌株N3,土壤有机质、全氮和速效养分含量显著提高;接种植物促生菌均提高土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)和氮(MBN)的含量,单一接种固氮菌株N3提升效果最佳,接种产IAA菌株CDL29和复合接种次之。此外,接种固氮菌株N3能够显著提升土壤固氮酶活性,接种菌株CDL29对土壤固氮酶活性没有显著影响。因此,单一接种固氮菌株N3在促进二月兰生长、养分含量提高及土壤理化和生物学性质改良上都具有显著的效果。 相似文献
10.
以FD11(普瑞斯特氏菌Priestia sp.)和CH07(阿氏芽孢杆菌Bacillus aryabhattai)两种溶磷菌剂为试验材料,进行菌剂灌根盆栽试验,测定溶磷菌剂施用对玉米生长、根际土壤养分、土壤微生物特性及土壤不同形态磷含量的影响。结果表明,施用溶磷菌剂可改善根际土壤养分特征和微生物学特性,增加根际土壤的活性磷源含量,对玉米幼苗表现出良好的促生作用。与不施菌剂相比,FD11处理玉米幼苗的株高、茎粗、地上部干重分别增加31.88%、36.39%、104.00%;根际土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾分别增加了21.90%、107.67%、5.77%。施用溶磷菌剂的土壤H2O-Pi(Pi为无机磷)、NaHCO3-P和NaOH-P含量增加,但HCl-Pi和Residual-P含量显著降低。施用溶磷菌剂改变了玉米根际土壤细菌的群落结构,在细菌属分类学水平上,不动杆菌属、假单胞菌属、海洋杆菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、节杆菌属等功能细菌的相对丰度显著增加。综合以上分析,施用溶磷菌剂显著提高了土壤速效养分含量,改变了根际土壤细菌的群落结构,增加了活性磷源的... 相似文献
11.
Minh Luan Nguyen Stijn Spaepen Patrick du Jardin 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2019,65(1):58-73
The capacity of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) – Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 (BamGB03), B. megaterium SNji (BmeSNji), and Azospirillum brasilense 65B (Abr65B) – to enhance growth and nutrient uptake in wheat was evaluated under different mineral N fertilizer rates, in sterile and non-sterile soils, and at different developmental stages. In gnotobiotic conditions, the three strains significantly increased plant biomass irrespective of the N rates. Under greenhouse conditions using non-sterile soil, growth promotion was generally highest at a moderate N rate, followed by a full N dose, while no significant effect was observed for the inoculants in the absence of N fertilizer. At 50N, plant biomass was most significantly increased in roots (up to +45% with Abr65B) at stem-elongation stage and in the ears (+19–23% according to the strains) at flowering stages. For some nutrients (N, P, Mn, and Cu), the biomass increases in roots and ears were paralleled with reduced nutrient concentrations in the same organs. Nevertheless, growth stimulation resulted in a higher total nutrient uptake and higher nutrient uptake efficiency. Furthermore, Abr65B and BmeSNji counteracted the reduction of root development caused by a high N supply. Therefore, combining PGPR with a proper cultivated system, N rate, and plant stage could enhance their biostimulant effects. 相似文献
12.
Effect of plant growth-promoting Bacillus sp. on color and clipping yield of three turfgrass species
Esvet Acikgoz Ugur Bilgili Fikrettin Sahin Karl Guillard 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(10):1404-1411
A two-year irrigated field study was conducted to determine the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR; Bacillus subtilis OSU-142 and Bacillus megaterium M3) as biofertilizer, and in combination with a chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer, on turf color and clipping yield, and interaction of biofertilizer and chemical N fertilizers in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L. Schreb.), and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). The three turf species were tested separately in split-plot design experiments with three replications. Three fertilizer sources (ammonium nitrate only, ammonium nitrate + B. megaterium M3, and ammonium nitrate + B. subtilis OSU-142) were the main plots. N applications with monthly applications of 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 g N/m2 were the subplots. Color ratings and clipping yields increased with increasing chemical N fertilizers in all species. Both Bacillus sp. significantly increased color ratings and clipping yields in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. However, there were no significant differences among the three fertilizer sources in color and clipping yield of Kentucky bluegrass. The experiments showed that there is a small but significant benefit from applying biofertilizers for turf color, and that N fertilization may be reduced in some turf species when biofertilization are made for this purpose. 相似文献
13.
Effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and N Source on Plant Growth and N and P Uptake by Tomato Grown on Calcareous Soils 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Introducing specific microorganisms into the soil ecological system is an important strategy for improving nutrient use efficiency. Two pot experiments were conducted in the greenhouse from December 3, 2012 to January 25, 2013 (Experiment 1) and March 11 to April 23, 2013 (Experiment 2) to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) source and inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plant growth and N and phosphorus (P) uptake in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown on calcareous soils from South Florida, USA. Treatments included urea, controlled release urea (a controlled release fertilizer, CRF) each at low and high N rates and with or without inoculation of PGPR. A mixture of PGPR strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IN937a and Bacillus pumilus T4 was applied to the soil during growing periods of tomato. Treatments with PGPR inoculation increased plant height compared to treatments without PGPR in both experiments. Inoculation with PGPR increased shoot dry weight and shoot N uptake for the same N rate and N source. In both experiments, only at high N rate, CRF and urea treatments with PGPR had significantly (P < 0.05) greater shoot biomass than those without PGPR. Only at high N rate, CRF treatment with PGPR significantly increased shoot N uptake by 39.0% and 10.3% compared to that without PGPR in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Meanwhile, presence of PGPR in the soil increased shoot P uptake for all treatments in Experiment 1 and for most treatments in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, only at low N rate, CRF treatment with PGPR significantly increased shoot P uptake compared with that without PGPR. In Experiment 2, a significant increase in shoot P uptake by inoculation of PGPR was only observed in CRF treatment at high N rate. Results from this study indicate that inoculation with PGPR may increase plant growth and N and P uptake by tomato grown on calcareous soils. However, the effect of PGPR varied and was influenced by many factors such as N source, N rate, and soil fertility. Further investigations are warranted to confirm the effect of PGPR under different soil conditions. 相似文献
14.
持续施用生物有机肥对花生产量和根际细菌群落的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
我国红壤旱地花生连作现象普遍，化肥施用量大，花生产量却逐年降低。为了揭示集约化经营制度下施用生物有机肥对花生连作障碍的调控，采集旱地红壤进行了连续5年的盆栽实验，实验处理包括花生-玉米轮作、施用化肥的花生连作和施用生物有机肥的花生连作，探究持续施用生物有机肥防控花生连作障碍的根际微生态机制。结果显示，相比于轮作，施用化肥的连作花生产量显著降低；相比于连作花生施用化肥，持续施用生物有机肥可以显著缓解连作花生产量降低的问题，在施用有机肥第5季荚果干重提高27%。与施用化肥的连作处理相比，持续施用生物有机肥显著增加了花生根际细菌多样性和丰富度，与轮作花生处理无显著差异。持续施用生物有机肥显著提高了连作花生根际变形菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度，降低了厚壁菌门的相对丰度。属水平上，花生根际促生菌Rhizobium，Mesorhizobium和Bradyrhizobium的相对丰度较化肥处理分别提高了295%、89%和40%，而Leifsonia和Burkholderia的相对丰度分别降低了67%和47%。冗余分析进一步发现，土壤有机质和pH值是根际细菌群落结构改善的重要理化因素。这表明持续施用生物有机肥可以改良红壤理化环境（如pH值和有机质含量），进而优化连作花生根际细菌群落结构并提高根际抗病性能，实现花生稳定增产的目标。 相似文献
15.
轮作体系下冬油菜养分利用效率的区域研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Fertilization is essential for oilseed rape because it is sensitivity to nutrient deficiency, especially for winter oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.). To investigate regional nutrient efficiency and nutrient uptake-yield relationship of winter oilseed rape in an intensive cropping system, this study used data from 619 site-year on-farm experiments carried out in the winter oilseed rape planting area of the Yangtze River Basin, China from 2005 to 2010, with large yield in the range of 179–4 470 kg ha~(-1). Currently recommended application rates of N, P and K fertilizers increased rapeseed yield at different levels of soil indigenous nutrient supply(INS) in this region. Boundary values of plant nutrient uptake were established to analyze the nutrient uptake-yield relationship of winter oilseed rape(internal nutrient efficiency), i.e., 128 kg N ha~(-1), 24 kg P ha~(-1), and 122 kg K ha~(-1). The internal nutrient efficiency declined by 48.2%–64.1% when nutrient uptake exceeded the boundary value, resulting in excessive nutrient uptake(i.e., low yield response with high nutrient uptake), especially for K. In the intensive cropping system, agronomic efficiencies of N, P, and K were 5.9, 3.4, and3.6 kg kg~(-1), and recovery efficiencies of N, P, and K were 35.6%, 24.1%, and 36.8%, respectively. These findings showed that the fertilization rate should be optimized by considering INS, nutrient status, and nutrient efficiency of winter oilseed rape. In this study,considering the lower yield improvement to high K uptake levels and low K fertilizer efficiency, application rate of K fertilizer should be reduced since soil K deficiency has already been mitigated. 相似文献
16.
肥料与石膏配施对滨海盐土油菜生长及养分吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过盆栽试验,研究了肥料与石膏配合施用对滨海盐土油菜生长及养分吸收的影响,探讨了滨海盐土适宜的肥料品种。结果表明,肥料与石膏配合施用对滨海油菜生长有显著影响,在油菜干物质累积、油菜产量上均以有机无机复混肥、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥配施石膏效果最好。供试肥料品种间,油菜生长中后期在干物质累积、产量上均表现出有机无机复混肥(F2)、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥(F4)>无机复混肥(F1)>生物有机肥(F3)>对照,各肥料较对照分别增产195.6%、190.9%、117.0%和53.4%。在有机无机复混肥、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥的基础上增加石膏的施用量可明显改善油菜生长状况和产量,但在无机复混肥基础上增加石膏施用量会导致油菜干物质累积和产量的明显降低。肥料与石膏配合施用影响油菜对N、P、K养分的吸收,在油菜苗期养分吸收上,N、K以无机复混肥(F1)较高,P以有机无机复混肥(F2)较高,施用石膏可促进油菜对N、K的吸收,但会显著降低对P的吸收量。滨海盐土地区油菜栽培以有机无机复混肥(F2)、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥(F4)配合石膏(B2)施用较为适宜。 相似文献
17.
This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of single, dual, and triple inoculations with Rhizobium, N2-fixing Bacillus subtilis (OSU-142), and P-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium (M-3) on nodulation, plant growth, nutrient uptake and seed yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. ‘Elkoca-05’) in comparison to control and mineral fertilizer application under field conditions in 2006 and 2007 in the cold highland in Erzurum plateau (29° 55′ N and 41° 16′ E with an altitude of 1850 m), Turkey. Bacterial inoculations significantly increased all the parameters investigated compared with the control treatment, equal to or higher than nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and NP treatments. The lowest shoot dry weight and chlorophyll content values were recorded in the control treatment and the bacterial inoculations increased shoot dry weight by 19.7–54.3% and chlorophyll content by 34.1–59.3% over control. Nodule dry weight significantly increased in Rhizobium alone treatment. Additionally, nodulation by native soil Rhizobium population was increased in single inoculations of OSU-142 and M-3. Significant increases of the seed yield under different inoculation treatments ranged between by 6.6% (Rhizobium + OSU-142 + M-3) and 12.2% (OSU-142 alone) over the control whereas N, P and NP applications corresponded to increases of 5.6%, 4.0% and 7.4%, respectively. All bacterial inoculations, especially triple inoculation, significantly increased uptake of macronutrients and micronutrients by common bean. In conclusion, seed inoculation with Rhizobium, OSU-142 and M-3, especially OSU-142 alone, may substitute partially costly NP fertilizers in common bean production even in cold highland areas such as in Erzurum. 相似文献
18.
几种有机和无机氮肥对草莓生长及其氮素吸收分配影响的差异 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过不同生育时期植株各部位的氮素分析,研究了不同商品有机肥和有机无机复混肥对大田草莓(FragariaAnanassa.c.v.Dutch.)植株生长及氮素吸收分配的影响。结果表明,施用不同肥料品种均可促进植物氮素吸收,提高氮素积累速率,促进氮素向果实中分配。在施等量氮素养分条件下,草莓器官的氮素吸收状况对不同氮肥品种反应不一。尽管无机肥处理的氮素积累速率和地上部全氮含量较高,但施用商品有机肥较无机氮肥或有机无机复混肥更能促进草莓生长发育和草莓果实产量的增加,说明无机氮不宜作为草莓基肥一次性施用。结果还表明,施肥处理氮素的日均积累量平均为10.8.mg/plant,而不施肥处理仅为5.1.mg/plant。在果实采收末期,不同处理草莓各器官的氮素分配趋势为果实茎和叶柄叶片根系。施用纯有机肥(OFA和OFB),果实中吸收的氮素超过植株吸收总量的一半,分别占53.5%和51.7%,无机氮肥处理(UN)和有机无机复混肥处理(OIF)的果实氮素分配率分别只有46.1%和39.8%。 相似文献
19.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(12):1658-1673
In 2009 a greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effects of boron (B) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) treatments, applied either alone or in combination, on yield, plant growth, leaf total chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, membrane leakage, and leaf relative water content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Bezostiya) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) plants. Results showed that alone or combined B (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 kg ha?1) and PGPR (Bacillus megaterium M3, Bacillus subtilis OSU142, Azospirillum brasilense Sp245, and Raoultella terrigena) treatments positively affected dry weight and physiological parameters searched in both species. Statistically significant differences were observed between bacterial inoculation and B fertilizer on root and shoot dry weight under non-cold-stress (NCS) and cold-stress (CS) conditions. Leaf total chlorophyll content (LTCC), stomatal conductance (SC), leaf relative water content (LRWC), and membrane leakage (ML) were negatively affected by CS conditions and decreased with reduced temperatures of media, but B and PGPR application alleviate the low-temperature deleterious effect in both species. The greatest SC and LRWC, and the lowest ML, were obtained by 6 kg B ha?1 combined with R. terrigena treatment. The greatest LTCC in both NCS and CS conditions was observed with B. megaterium M3 application alone. 相似文献
20.
Metin Turan Medine Güllüce Ramazan Çakmak Fikrettin Şahin 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(5):731-748
In 2009 a greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effects of boron (B) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on wheat (Triticum aestivum spp. vulgare cv ‘Bezostiya’) and barley (Hordeum vulgare cv ‘Tokak’) on plant growth, freezing injury, and antioxidant enzyme capacity. Results showed that boron (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 kg B ha?1) and PGPR application (Bacillus megaterium M3, Bacillus subtilis OSU142, Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 and Raoultella terrigena) at which 50% of leaves were injured (LT50) values and ice nucleation activities in both plants were found statistically significant. Boron application with all PGPR strains decreased LT50 values in wheat and barley plants under noncold stress (NCS) and cold stress conditions (CS). There were statistically significant differences between bacterial inoculation and B fertilizer in terms of root and shoot dry weight under NCS and CS conditions. Reactive oxidative oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT) were negatively affected CS conditions and decreased with reduced temperatures of media, but B and PGPR applications alleviated the low-temperature deleterious effects in both plants species tested. The lowest ROS and antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) of wheat and barley were observed with 6 kg B ha?1 with R. terrigena. 相似文献