共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
发掘推广品种的农艺和品质性状优异等位变异和载体材料可为培育优质大豆品种提供遗传信息和育种资源。本研究以200份黑龙江省近年大豆推广品种为试验材料,利用187对SSR标记进行全基因组扫描,分析群体结构,采用TASSEL软件的GLM方法对标记与3个农艺性状、蛋白质含量及油分含量进行关联分析。结果表明：10 个SSR标记与百粒重关联,其中表型效应值最大的优异等位变异为Sat-149-192,载体材料为东农57;8个SSR标记 与株高关联,表型效应值最大的等位变异是Satt413-206,载体材料为赤豆1号;13个SSR标记与生育期关联,表型 效应值最大的等位变异是Satt631-180,载体材料为黑农61;5个SSR标记与油分含量关联,表型效应值最大的等位 变异是Satt234-138,载体材料为合丰55;9个SSR标记与蛋白质含量关联,表型效应值最大的等位变异是Satt632- 293,其载体材料为东农43。上述等位变异的信息为培育提供了亲本选配和后代等位条带辅助选择的依据。 相似文献
2.
Seed calcium content and hardness constitute determining characteristics of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] texture affecting soyfood quality. Molecular markers linked to these traits will accelerate breeding of soybeans for the soyfood market through the use of marker-assisted selection (MAS). Confirmation of linked markers and validation of quantitative trait loci (QTL), prior to their application through MAS, are the keys. The objectives of this study were to confirm previously reported QTL for calcium content and seed hardness and investigate the relationship between these traits. Evaluation of seven recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations with different genetic backgrounds, grown in two Arkansas locations for 2 years, showed inconsistent correlations between these traits. In general, a positive correlation was found in most of the populations and correlation was significant in six populations. Combined data showed a positive correlation between calcium content and seed hardness (r = 0.23 – 0.49). Furthermore, previously reported QTL for calcium content and/or hardness were evaluated in six different sub-populations and stable markers across environments were identified for potential use in MAS. Based on our results, markers Satt267 and Sat_345 on chromosome 1, Sat_288 on chromosome 7, Sat_228, Satt341, and Sat_392 on chromosome 8, Satt547 on chromosome 16, and Satt002 on chromosome 17, are reliable for calcium content selection; whereas, Satt267, Satt680, Satt341, and Sct_010 on chromosomes 1, 7, 8, and 19, respectively, can be used for selection for seed hardness. Findings of this research will facilitate MAS for seed calcium content and hardness in breeding programs aimed at improving food-grade soybeans. 相似文献
3.
4.
Myo 《Journal of Cereal Science》1999,29(3):261
Optimal conditions were developed for hydrothermal processing of whole barley kernels (cv. Blenheim) to degrade phytate (myo-inositol hexaphosphate) and to increase the content of freemyo-inositol. The hydrothermal treatment comprised of two wet steeps, where lactic acid solution of different concentrations was used, and two dry steeps followed by successive drying. Experiments were performed as a central composite design and evaluated by multiple linear regression. The variables in the experiments were temperature in the first wet and dry steep (T1), temperature in the second wet and dry steep (T2) and lactic acid solution concentration in both wet steeps (C) and mathematical models were developed in these variables. Optimal conditions for maximal phytate degradation and for maximal increase of freemyo-inositol wereT1=48 °C,T2=48–50 °C andC=0·8%, at these conditions the amount of phytate was reduced by 95–96% and the freemyo-inositol concentration was increased from 0·56 to 2·45 μmol/g d.m. We conclude that this hydrothermal process can be used to produce a barley product (cv. Blenheim) with a low phytate content and a high level of freemyo-inositol. 相似文献
5.
抗稻瘟病基因Pi9的STS连锁标记开发及在分子标记辅助育种中的应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
利用带有广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9的籼稻品系75-1-127作为抗病基因供体亲本,用于扬稻6号和R6547抗病性的回交育种。通过比较75-1-127、扬稻6号和日本晴的Pi9基因位点的DNA序列,开发出了与Pi9基因紧密连锁的共显性STS(序列标记位点)标记PB9-1,用于Pi9基因的分子标记辅助选择。结合田间农艺性状选择和分子标记辅助选择,培育出8个Pi9基因纯合的回交后代株系。其中,具有扬稻6号和R6547遗传背景的株系各4个。经湖北恩施和宜昌的病圃鉴定,携带有抗病基因株系的稻瘟病抗性水平较受体品种扬稻6号和R6547有不同程度的提高。具有R6547遗传背景的株系08C893配制的杂交组合在上述病区的抗性表现也明显优于对照品种扬两优6号。上述结果说明,共显性标记PB9-1在Pi9抗稻瘟病基因分子标记辅助育种中具有应用价值,并且Pi9基因作为稻瘟病抗源之一可以在湖北稻区进行有效利用。 相似文献
6.
7.
抗稻瘟病基因Pi9的STS连锁标记开发及在分子标记辅助育种中的应用 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
利用带有广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9的籼稻品系75 1 127作为抗病基因供体亲本,用于扬稻6号和R6547抗病性的回交育种。通过比较75 1 127、扬稻6号和日本晴的Pi9基因位点的DNA序列,开发出了与Pi9基因紧密连锁的共显性STS（序列标记位点）标记PB9 1,用于Pi9基因的分子标记辅助选择。结合田间农艺性状选择和分子标记辅助选择,培育出8个Pi9基因纯合的回交后代株系。其中,具有扬稻6号和R6547遗传背景的株系各4个。经湖北恩施和宜昌的病圃鉴定,携带有抗病基因株系的稻瘟病抗性水平较受体品种扬稻6号和R6547有不同程度的提高。具有R6547遗传背景的株系08C893配制的杂交组合在上述病区的抗性表现也明显优于对照品种扬两优6号。上述结果说明,共显性标记PB9 1在Pi9抗稻瘟病基因分子标记辅助育种中具有应用价值,并且Pi9基因作为稻瘟病抗源之一可以在湖北稻区进行有效利用。 相似文献
8.
Accumulation of phytate in vegetable-type soybean genotypes harvested at four developmental stages 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tadesse Mebrahtu Ali Mohamed Abdulkadir Elmi 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1997,50(3):179-187
A total of 17 vegetable-type soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr) genotypes were planted in four-row plots arranged in a randomized complete block design in 1988 and 1989 at Petersburg,
Virginia. Each genotype was harvested at four developmental stages and evaluated for phytate content. Highly significant differences
for phytate content were observed among the stages of harvest and genotypes, and there was an interaction between genotype
x stage of harvest. The significant differences observed for phytate content among genotypes indicated that genetic variation
exists among the tested genotypes for selection and improvement through hybridization. Among the genotypes, ‘Kingston’ and
PI 423852 had the highest phytate content in most stages of harvest while PI 416771, ‘Emperor’, and PI 416982 had the lowest
phytate values. A heritability estimate of 81 percent was observed for phytate content. This high heritability value indicates
that selecting genotypes for lower phytate content would be effective. Significant correlations were observed for phytate
content among genotypes harvested at R6, R7, R8, and overall. The magnitude of association of R6 with the overall phytate
mean was especially high. These results illustrate that determining the phytate content of genotypes at the R6 growth stage
would be a good predictor of the overall genotypic performance.
Contribution of Virginia State University Agricultural Research Station. Journal Series No. 201. The use of any trade names
and/or vendors does not imply approval to the exclusion of the other products or vendors that may also be suitable. 相似文献
9.
The removal of phosphorus (P) from fields in the harvested seeds of staple crops is a major driver of the global P cycle, and consequently, there is interest in breeding grain crops with lower seed P concentrations. While it is expected that a reduction in seed total P would result in lower concentrations of the P-rich anti-nutrient phytate, the potential consequences for starch lysophospholipids (LPLs), which affect rice grain quality and health outcomes in humans, are unknown. We examined the accumulation of phytate and starch LPLs in developing indica (cv. IR64) and japonica (cv. Nipponbare) rice grains as well as the stability of starch LPLs and phytate under varying P supply treatments in hydroponics. Source-sink relationships during grain filling (drought and floret abortion) were also investigated in a pot study. Accumulation of phytate and starch LPLs in seeds continued until 18 days after anthesis (DAA) in cv. Nipponbare and 21 DAA in cv. IR64, which mirrored the accumulation of biomass in seeds. In the hydroponic study, permanent withdrawal of P from the nutrient solution at anthesis (until maturity) led to significant reductions in both phytate and starch LPLs with a similar trend observed when P was withdrawn at 8 DAA. In the pot study using soil, alteration of source-sink systems through drought stress during grain filling or floret abortion (manual removal of the top half of each panicle) also led to significant reductions in grain phytate and starch LPLs compared to control plants. These results indicate that in addition to affecting phytate concentrations, reduced P supply to rice plants during grain filling and alteration of source-sink relationships also impacts starch LPL concentrations. Given these complexities, breeding and selection for reduced seed P concentration in rice and other cereals should be undertaken with caution. 相似文献
10.
Abdus Sattar Neelofar M. A. Akhtar 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1990,40(3):185-194
Influence of irradiation (0.05–0.20 kGy) and germination (24–120 hours) in distilled and tap water on phytate, protein and amino acids of soybean, was studied. Phytate values significantly decreased with increasing germination period and irradiation dose (P<0.01). Irradiation independently decreased the original phytate (212.0 mg/100 g) to a range value of 205.0–190.0 mg/100 g depending upon dose level. Germination of unirradiated seeds for 120 hours in distilled and tap water lowered the phytate to 55.0 and 94.9 mg/100 g (74.1 and 55.2% reduction) respectively. Maximum destruction of phytate to levels of 20.5 and 50.9 mg/100 g (90.3 and 76.0% reduction) occurred during germination of 0.20 kGy samples for 120 hours in distilled and tap water respectively. Total protein content significantly increased during germination (P<0.05) and the increase was more in tap than distilled water. Germination for 120 hours of untreated seeds in tap water increased the essential and decreased non-essential amino acids while in the 0.10 kGy sample, increases in both cases were observed. 相似文献
11.
大豆花叶病毒(Soybean mosaic virus,SMV)病是我国大豆生产上最主要的病毒病害之一。本研究用与SMV株系SC15和SC18抗病基因Rsc15和Rsc18紧密连锁的5个分子标记(Satt246、Satt286和Satt634、BARCSOYSSR-02-0667和Satt266)对来自国内外的50份大豆种质以及杂交组合"科丰1号×RN-9"后代进行了针对SC15和SC18株系的抗病性评价和选择。经接种验证后结果表明:Sat-246和Satt286对抗病基因Rsc15的选择平均符合率分别为63.89%和66.67%;Satt634、BARCSOYSSR-02-0667和Satt266对Rsc18选择的平均符合率分别为67.92%、68.09%和63.10%;共选出抗SC15的材料34份,抗SC18的材料27份,对SC15和SC18均抗病的材料25份。通过对杂交组合"科丰1号×RN-9"衍生的F_2、F_3和F_4代分离群体进行标记选择和接种SMV的表型验证,发现标记Sat-246和Satt286在3个分离世代对SC15抗性基因筛选的符合率分别为72.13%、68.83%和84.25%。用与Rsc15和Rsc18连锁的5个分子标记,对F_2、F_3和F_4代分离群体进行抗性基因的选择,在F4就筛选到18个对SC15和SC18均为抗病且标记带型完全纯合的抗病家系。本研究结果表明这些分子标记可有效用于种质资源和杂交后代群体对SMV抗性的选择。 相似文献
12.
Balija Vishalakshi Bangale Umakanth Ponnuvel Senguttuvel Makarand Barbadikar Kalyani Prasad Madamshetty Srinivas Rao Durbha Sanjeeva Yadla Hari Madhav Maganti Sheshu 《水稻科学》2021,28(5):493-500
Varalu is an early maturing rice variety widely grown in the rainfed ecosystem preferred for its grain type and cooking quality. However, the yield of Varalu is substantially low since it is being affected by reproductive drought stress along with the blast disease. The genetic improvement of Varalu was done by introgressing a major yield QTL, qDTY12.1, along with two major blast resistance genes i.e. Pi54 and Pi1 through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Both traits were transferred till BC2 generation and intercrossing was followed to pyramid the two traits. Stringent foreground selection was carried out using linked markers as well as peak markers (RM28099, RM28130, RM511 and RM28163) for the targeted QTL (qDTY12.1), RM206 for Pi54 and RM224 for Pi1. Extensive background selection was done using genome-wide SSR markers. Six best lines (MSM-36, MSM-49, MSM-53, MSM-57, MSM-60 and MSM-63) having qDTY12.1 and two blast resistance genes in homozygous condition with recurrent parent genome of 95.0%-96.5% having minimal linkage drag of about 0.1 to 0.7 Mb were identified. These lines showed yield advantage under drought stress as well as irrigated conditions. MSM-36 showed better performance in the national coordinated trials conducted across India, which indicated that improved lines of Varalu expected to replace Varalu and may have an important role in sustaining rice production. The present study demonstrated the successful marker-assisted pyramiding strategy for introgression of genes/QTLs conferring biotic stress resistance and yield under abiotic stress in rice. 相似文献
13.
P. Udayasekhara Rao Y. G. Deosthale 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1988,38(1):35-41
White and brown ragi (Eleusine coracana) varieties were analysed for tannin, phytate phosphorus, total phosphorus, iron, ionisable iron, zinc and soluble zinc content. White ragi had no detectable tannin while in brown varieties it ranged from 351 to 2392 mg per 100 g. Germination brought about a progressive decrease in tannin and phytate phosphorus and an increase in ionisable ion and soluble zinc content of grain ragi. Both in raw and germinated grain, ionizable iron was significantly higher in white than in brown varieties. While ionisable iron was inversely correlated with the level of tannin and phytate phosphorus, soluble zinc was negatively correlated with phytate phosphorus. After extraction of tannin, ionisable iron of brown ragi rose by 85%. On the other hand, in white varieties, addition of tannin extracted from brown ragi, resulted in a 52–65% decrease in ionisable iron content. These studies indicated that poor iron availability in ragi as judged by its low ionisable iron content was due to the presence of tannin in the grain. 相似文献
14.
15.
分子标记辅助选择改良三系杂交稻恢复系R225稻瘟病抗性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
稻瘟病是水稻的主要病害,培育抗稻瘟病品种是防治稻瘟病的有效途径。本研究通过分子标记辅助选择与杂交育种相结合的方式,将稻瘟病抗性基因Pi1、Pi2和Pi9导入到三系杂交稻恢复系R225。对BC3F3代材料进行苗期和成熟期稻瘟病抗性鉴定,携带1个或2个抗性基因的目标株系抗性达到中抗以上水平,稻瘟病抗性显著高于各自的轮回亲本。SSR标记分析表明,改良株系的遗传背景回复率达到86.1%~95.3%。通过标记辅助选择获得的改良材料为三系杂交稻恢复系的培育提供了稻瘟病抗性亲本。 相似文献
16.
具抗稻瘟病基因Pi25杂交稻恢复系的分子标记辅助选育 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从组合中156/谷梅2号所衍生的重组自交系群体中选择携带抗稻瘟病基因Pi25的3个株系,分别与高产恢复系9308和3 11配组,通过单粒传法获得的6个F6重组自交系群体用于研究。在Pi25先前定位的遗传图谱上,新增加与该基因紧密连锁的分子标记RM3330和A7,并结合RM3330和A7分子标记辅助选择的结果,共筛选到了109个Pi25基因纯合的株系。用现有的与恢复基因连锁的标记对这109个株系进行二次筛选,最终获得20个Pi25基因和恢复基因均纯合的株系。对育性恢复力鉴定试验表明,选育出的抗病恢复系具有较好的恢复能力,并已应用于育种实践;人工稻瘟病接种试验证实,所用标记不同,分子标记辅助选择的效率差异显著,单个标记辅助选择符合率均不高,而采用目标基因两侧连锁的标记同时进行辅助选择,则可以明显提高分子标记辅助选择符合率。 相似文献
17.
利用广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9的3'UTR序列设计特异DNA标记pi9utr,通过分子标记辅助选择和连续回交育种实践,改良7份籼稻亲本(316B、金23B、R207、R228、R288、R389、明恢86)的稻瘟病抗性。结果表明:pi9utr是一个高效显性分子标记,除R207外,在其余6份受体亲本与Pi9供体亲本75-1-127间均存在明显而稳定的多态;在室内接种后的316B×75-1-127 BC4F1群体和R288×775-1-127 BC6F1群体中随机取样,进行稻瘟病抗性表型和基因型鉴定及Pi9基因表达分析,证明pi9utr对两个组合回交后代个体的抗病性辅助选择效率均为100%,且在所有抗病单株中均能检测到Pi9基因的高效表达,在所有感病单株中均没有检测到Pi9基因的表达。利用pi9utr在回交世代中的连续辅助选择,获得了3个组合的BC4F1及3个组合的BC6F2代群体,为选育抗稻瘟病新品种打下了基础。 相似文献
18.
Nattaya Srisawad Wikanda Worrapitirungsi Supajit Sraphet Opas Boonseng Duncan R. Smith 《Journal of Crop Improvement》2018,32(4):493-510
In this study, a fine genetic map within the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying pasting temperature (PT) of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) was constructed using newly developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The SSRs were designed on the basis of two scaffolds (S11341 and S4043) of the cassava genome, which covered previously identified QTL regions of the PT trait. A total of 55 and 61 SSR markers derived from S11341 and S4043, respectively, representing 0.29% of the cassava genome, were generated; of which 23 and 19 showed informative polymorphic patterns. Consequently, all identified informative polymorphic markers were used to genotype 200 F1 progeny plants. The genotypic data were then analyzed, and the results showed that 480 markers were distributed across 23 linkage groups (LGs) with total length of 1,334 centimorgans (cM). An analysis of QTL underlying the PT trait revealed that marker EME81 on LG 1 had significant associations (P < 0.0001) in all environments evaluated. Four candidate genes were identified and selected for gene expression analysis in the parents, and among F1 lines with high and low PT values. Significant differences were observed in relative expression of carbohydrate phosphorylase (CP) and starch synthase II (SSII) between high and low PT in 6-month-old cassava. We found CP and SSII genes to potentially control the PT trait. In addition, the marker EME81 was found to be a promising marker for specific PT trait selection in cassava populations, which should facilitate marker-assisted selection for desired PT traits. 相似文献
19.
面粉色泽是小麦品质的重要指标,与色泽相关的低多酚氧化酶和高脂肪氧化酶活性是小麦品质育种的重要目标之一。为了明确河南省小麦地方品种中上述两类酶的基因分布情况,利用4个多酚氧化酶（polyphenoloxidase,PPO）和2个脂肪氧化酶（lipoxygenase,LOX）基因的功能标记对308份河南地方小麦品种进行检测。结果表明,基因 PPO-A1a、 PPO-A1b在306个品种中具有明确检测结果,携带品种数量为132和174,频率为43.14%和56.86%;携带基因 PPO-D1a、 PPO-D1b、 TaLox-B1a、 TaLox-B1b的品种数量为282、26、21和287,其频率为 91.56%、91.56%、6.82%和93.18%。在306个品种中,携带低活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合（ PPO-A1b/ PPO-D1a）、较低活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合（ PPO-A1b/ PPO-D1b）、较高活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合（ PPO-A1a/ PPO-D1a）和高活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合（ PPO-A1a/ PPO-D1b）的品种数分别为166、114、10和16,其频率分别为54.25%、37.25%、3.27%和5.23%,具有 PPO-A1b/ PPO-D1a/ TaLox-B1a基因型的品种有11个,其频率为3.59%, PPO-A1a/ PPO-D1b/ TaLox-B1b基因型品种数为16个。 相似文献
20.
大豆种质对SMV抗性鉴定的SSR辅助选择 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对70份大豆种质资源进行了抗病性鉴定,并利用抗性相关的SSR标记验证抗病毒分子辅助选择育种的可行性。结果表明：接种SMV1和SMV3,选出双抗种质17份;单抗种质9份;双感种质44份。 利用与抗SMV3相关的SSR标记Satt114和Satt362进行检测, 抗病毒资源筛选的准确率分别达到82.4%和68.8%; 利用与抗SMV1相关的SSR标记Satt114、Satt362、HSP176、Satt510、Satt334和Sct_033进行检测, HSP176标记达82.8%,Satt114、Satt510和Satt334标记均达70%以上, 可以用作抗病毒分子辅助育种的选择标记。70份大豆种质资源经聚类可划分为两大类群,Ⅰ类群为感病群,Ⅱ类群为抗病群,分组准确。 相似文献