首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
1.
Cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is a highly sensitive and specific marker of myocardial injury and can be detected in plasma by immunoassay techniques. The purpose of this study was to establish a reference range for plasma cTnI in a population of healthy dogs using a human immunoassay system and to determine whether plasma cTnI concentrations were high in dogs with acquired or congenital heart disease, specifically cardiomyopathy (CM), degenerative mitral valve disease (MVD), and subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS). In total, 269 dogs were examined by physical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and plasma cTnI assay. In 176 healthy dogs, median cTnI was 0.03 ng/mL (upper 95th percentile = 0.11 ng/mL). Compared with the healthy population, median plasma cTnI was increased in dogs with CM (0.14 ng/mL; range, 0.03-1.88 ng/mL; P < .001; n = 26), in dogs with MVD (0.11 ng/mL; range, 0.01-9.53 ng/mL; P < .001; n = 37), and in dogs with SAS (0.08 ng/mL; range, 0.01-0.94 ng/mL; P < .001; n = 30). In dogs with CM and MVD, plasma cTnI was correlated with left ventricular and left atrial size. In dogs with SAS, cTnI demonstrated a modest correlation with ventricular wall thickness. In dogs with CM, the median survival time of those with cTnI >0.20 ng/mL was significantly shorter than median survival time of those with cTnI <0.20 ng/mL (112 days versus 357 days; P = .006). Plasma cTnI is high in dogs with cardiac disease, correlates with heart size and survival, and can be used as a blood-based biomarker of cardiac disease.  相似文献   

2.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a modified posterior rhinomanometric method for clinical application in dogs. ANIMALS: 15 healthy Beagles and 8 Bulldogs (4 healthy and 4 with respiratory problems). PROCEDURES: Rhinomanometry was performed 3 times within a 15-minute period in anesthetized dogs.Transnasal pressure (P(NA)) and nasal resistance (R(NA)) were determined by use of artificial airflow (adjusted for body weight) for inspiration (P(NAin) and R(NAin), respectively) and expiration (P(NAout) and R(NAout)). Procedures were repeated for the Beagles 7 days later. RESULTS: For the Beagles, mean +/- SD of P(NAin) for both days (0.162 +/- 0.042 kPa) was significantly lower than P(NAout) (0.183 +/- 0.053 kPa). Similarly, R(NAin) (1.47 +/- 0.41 kPa/[L/s]) was significantly lower than R(NAout) (1.64 +/- 0.46 kPa/[L/s]). Pairwise comparison of values for P(NA) and R(NA) for the 2 days revealed no significant difference. Repeatability of the method (estimated as within-day variation) for R(NA) was +/- 0.19 kPa/(L/s), whereas variation between the days was +/- 0.36 kPa/(L/s) for R(NAin) and +/- 0.44 kPa/(L/s) for R(NAout). The 4 clinically normal Bulldogs had R(NA) values ranging from 1.69 to 3.48 kPa/(L/s), whereas in the 4 Bulldogs with respiratory problems, R(NA) ranged from 9.83 to 20.27 kPa/(L/s). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: R(NA) is inversely dependent on body size and nonlinearly associated with airflow. We propose that R(NA) in dogs should be determined for airflows standardized on the basis of body size. The P(NA) and R(NA) in Beagles can be measured with sufficient repeatability for clinical use and nasal obstructions are detectable.  相似文献   

3.
To investigate whether Dobermanns have impaired copper excretion an intravenous radioactive copper isotope ((64)Cu) was used as a tracer. Five patients and eight normal dogs (5 normal Dobermanns and 3 Beagles) were studied. The five female Dobermann patients had a subclinical hepatitis and an increased hepatic copper concentration (median 822mg/kg, range 690-1380mg/kg dry matter). The normal dogs, five Dobermanns and three Beagles, had no abnormal liver histopathology and hepatic copper concentrations were considered normal (Dobermanns; median 118mg/kg, range 50-242mg/kg dry matter; Beagles; median 82mg/kg, range 50-88mg/kg dry matter). Cholestasis was excluded in all dogs by means of a (99m)Tc-Bis-IDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Plasma clearance of (64)Cu was comparable in all dogs with no statistically significant differences. The excretion of (64)Cu into the bile, although not statistically significant, was less for the Dobermanns with subclinical hepatitis compared to the normal dogs. The findings suggest that impaired copper excretion may play a role in the aetiology of chronic hepatitis in the Dobermann.  相似文献   

4.
In 37 healthy pups and seven pups with congenital pulmonic stenosis ECG were recorded and the heart rate determined. Between the first week of life in healthy pups (mean = 230/min) and the twelfth week of life the heart rate in both groups at six weeks was 195/min and 180/min. At the end of the investigation the averaged heart rate was 167/min or 166/min respectively. In single weeks during the investigation a slightly increased heart rate occurred in a few dogs between the fourth and sixth week of life owing to an increased restlessness during this time span. The heart rate of newborn pups at the first day (mean = 215/min) was a little lower than the average in the first week of life.  相似文献   

5.
The small intestine of healthy adult Beagles was examined to determine whether subclinical abnormalities might exist that would be relevant to the use of Beagles in pharmacologic studies. Duodenal juice was obtained for qualitative and quantitative bacteriologic examinations; jejunal mucosa was taken for morphologic and biochemical investigation, and intestinal permeability was assessed by quantification of 24-hour urinary excretion of 51Cr-labeled EDTA after its oral administration. Comparisons were made with findings in healthy adult dogs of other breeds that served as controls. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth was found in 14 of the 21 Beagles examined, and represented a mixed flora that included obligate anaerobic bacteria in 8 dogs and exclusively aerobic bacteria in 6 dogs. Intestinal permeability (percentage urinary recovery of 51Cr-labeled EDTA; mean +/- SEM) was considerably higher (P < 0.01) in Beagles with anaerobic overgrowth (37.6 +/- 3.2%) or aerobic overgrowth (30.5 +/- 4.8%), compared with Beagles with no overgrowth (17.3 +/- 1.6%) and with controls (11.1 +/- 1.0%). In Beagles, significant (r = 0.54, P = 0.03) correlation was observed between 24-hour urinary recovery of 51Cr-labeled EDTA and bacterial numbers in duodenal juice. Morphologic changes in jejunal mucosa were minimal, and specific activities of brush border enzymes were not significantly decreased, apart from aminopeptidase N, but activities of lysosomal and endoplasmic reticular marker enzymes were higher in the 3 groups of Beagles with anaerobic, aerobic, or no overgrowth, compared with controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

6.
Disposition kinetics of indocyanine green (ICG) were used to evaluate hepatic function in healthy Beagles (group 1; n = 6) and Beagles with progressive hepatic disease induced by oral administration of dimethylnitrosamine, a hepatospecific toxin. Three classes of hepatic disease were defined by histologic features: mild (group 2; n = 5), moderate (group 3; n = 6), and severe (group 4; n = 5). Disposition of ICG was studied 3 weeks following the last dose of toxin. A rapid IV injection of 0.5 mg of ICG/kg was administered and serum samples were obtained at certain intervals during 60-minute periods. Serum ICG was analyzed by use of visible spectrophotometry. Disposition kinetics were determined from serum ICG concentrations vs 15- and 60-minute time curves and compared between one another and among groups. Data based on 60-minute time curves were not significantly different from those based on 15-minute curves. Area under the curve for ICG was greatest in group 3. Clearance of ICG was decreased and mean resident time was increased in groups 3 and 4, compared with those in groups 1 and 2. When disposition data (60 minutes) were normalized for differences in hepatic weight among dogs, group-3 mean resident time was significantly greater than that of group 4. This study supports the diagnostic benefits of using ICG disposition kinetics as a method of evaluating hepatic function in dogs with progressive liver disease.  相似文献   

7.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of species and breed on the anatomy of portosystemic vascular anomalies in dogs and cats. DESIGN: Retrospective study of 233 dogs and nine cats presenting to the University Veterinary Centre, Sydney. METHODS: Case records were evaluated for breed, sex, age, anatomical and histological diagnosis. Cases were included when a portosystemic vascular anomaly resulted from a congenital or developmental abnormality of the liver or portal venous system. RESULTS: Disease conditions included single congenital portosystemic shunt with patent portal vasculature (214 dogs, nine cats), portal vein aplasia (nine dogs), multiple acquired shunts resulting from portal vein hypoplasia (seven dogs), biliary atresia (one dog) and microvascular dysplasia (one dog). One Maltese had a single, congenital shunt and multiple acquired shunts resulting from hepatic cirrhosis. Breeds that were significantly over-represented included the Maltese, Silky Terrier, Australian Cattle Dog, Bichon Frise, Shih Tzu, Miniature Schnauzer, Border Collie, Jack Russell Terrier, Irish Wolfhound and Himalayan cat. Bichon Frise with shunts were significantly more likely to be female than male (12:2, P < 0.001). Two hundred and fourteen dogs (91.4%), and all cats, had shunts that were amenable to attenuation. Inoperable shunts occurred in 19 dogs (8.2%). Fifty six of 61 (92%) operable shunts in large breed dogs were intrahepatic, versus 10/153 (7%) in small breeds (P < 0.0001). Breeds that were not predisposed to portosystemic shunts were significantly more likely to have unusual or inoperable shunts than dogs from predisposed breeds (29% versus 7.6%, P < 0.0001). No significant relationship between breed and shunt type could be determined in cats. CONCLUSION: Breed has a significant influence on shunt anatomy in dogs. Animals presenting with signs of portosystemic shunting may suffer from a wide range of operable or inoperable conditions. Veterinarians should be aware that unusual or inoperable shunts are much more likely to occur in breeds that are not predisposed to congenital portosystemic shunts.  相似文献   

8.
Analysis of hepatic enzyme activities in serum samples from 1- to 3-day-old pups revealed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities that were 30 times higher and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities that were 100 times higher than activities in clinically normal adult dogs. A study was conducted to investigate high enzyme activity in pups and to determine whether there is any association between serum enzyme activity and colostrum ingestion, passive transfer of maternal serum enzyme (in colostrum or in utero), or excessive renal or hepatic tissue enzymes. Serum enzyme activity was quantified in 15 neonatal pups before and after ingestion of colostrum and in 3 colostrum-deprived neonates fed a milk substitute. Serum samples were collected on postpartum days 0, 1, 10, 15, and 30. Enzyme activity was also quantified in serum from pregnant and lactating bitches (collected on days -2, 0, 1, 10, 30), hepatic and renal tissue from clinically normal adult dogs and 1-day-old pups, colostrum, milk (collected on days 10 and 30), and milk replacer. Significant (P less than 0.01) differences in serum GGT and ALP activities between colostrum-deprived and suckling pups did not exist before initial feeding. Significant (P less than 0.001) increases in serum GGT and ALP activities developed within 24 hours in suckling pups, but not in the colostrum-deprived pups. At 10 and 30 days after birth, serum GGT and ALP activities were less than values before suckling in all pups. Enzyme activities in bitches' serum remained within the normal range for adult dogs throughout whelping and lactation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

9.
Opioid overdose in dogs is manifested by clinical signs such as excessive sedation, bradycardia, and hypothermia. The ability of two different intramuscular (i.m.) naloxone reversal regimens to reverse the opioid-induced effects of a fivefold overdose of long-acting transdermal fentanyl solution was evaluated in dogs. Twenty-four healthy Beagles were administered a single 13 mg/kg dose (fivefold overdose) of transdermal fentanyl solution and randomized to two naloxone reversal regimen treatment groups, hourly administration for 8 h of 40 (n = 8) or 160 μg/kg i.m. (n = 16). All dogs were sedated and had reduced body temperatures and heart rates (HRs) prior to naloxone administration. Both dosage regimens significantly reduced sedation (P < 0.001), and the 160 μg/kg naloxone regimen resulted in a nearly threefold lower odds of sedation than that of the 40 μg/kg i.m. naloxone regimen (P < 0.05). Additionally, naloxone significantly increased the mean body temperatures and HR (P < 0.001), although the 160 μg/kg regimen increased body temperature and HR more (P < 0.05). However, the narcotic side effects of fentanyl returned within 1-3 h following termination of the naloxone dosage regimens. The opioid-induced effects of an overdose of transdermal fentanyl solution can be safely and effectively reversed by either 40 or 160 μg/kg i.m. naloxone administered at hourly intervals.  相似文献   

10.
The purpose of the study was to compare the disposition of pharmacologic markers for cytochrome P-450 (CYP) metabolism, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and extracellular (ECFV) and total body fluid volumes (TBFV) of Greyhounds and Beagles. Six healthy Greyhound and six healthy Beagle dogs were studied. Antipyrine, a marker for CYP metabolism and TBFV, and inulin, a marker for the GFR and ECFV, were administered i.v. Samples were collected at predetermined times and plasma was analyzed by validated high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. There were no differences in the disposition or pharmacokinetic parameters for inulin between the dog breeds. However, the clearance of antipyrine (mean = 8.33 mL/min/kg) in Greyhounds was significantly slower than Beagles (13.42 mL/min/kg, P = 0.004). The volume of distribution of antipyrine was significantly larger in Greyhounds (0.789 L/kg) than in Beagles (0.644 L/kg, P = 0.01). The half-life of antipyrine was significantly longer in Greyhounds (1.09 h) compared with Beagles (0.55 h, P = 0.002). The in vitro plasma protein binding of antipyrine was significantly less in Greyhounds (28%) compared with Beagles (40.3%, P = 0.008). Greyhounds exhibited significantly slower CYP metabolism, higher TBFV, and lower in vitro protein binding of antipyrine compared with Beagles. No differences in GFR or ECFV were found.  相似文献   

11.
Contrast harmonic imaging of canine hepatic tumors   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Six adult healthy Beagles were used to investigate the hepatic perfusion dynamics of Levovist, a contrast agent used in contrast harmonic imaging (CHI). In addition, 8 dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 2 dogs with metastatic hepatic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) were used to characterize both the CHI findings with Levovist. In the Beagles, the start of intravenously injected Levovist into the aorta between the cranial mesenteric and renal arteries and the portal vein at the hepatic hilum were 5.47 +/- 1.52 sec and 16.03 +/- 3.39 sec, respectively. As a characteristic CHI finding in the 8 dogs with HCC, the early arterial phase showed a fine network of blood flow enhanced at the surrounding region and within the tumor in all the 8 dogs (100%), and the post vascular phase demonstrated a defect in the whole tumor and an enhancement of the surrounding hepatic tissues in 7 dogs (87.5%). In the 2 dogs with HSA, characteristic finding in which the early arterial and late vascular phases showed a rim contrast enhancement pattern, and the post vascular phase revealed that the whole tumor lacked contrast enhancement and the surrounding hepatic tissues was clearly enhanced. In dogs, the start of the early arterial and late vascular phases, and the characterizations of the CHI findings in HCC and HSA were suggested to be similar to those in humans. Therefore, CHI is thought to be useful for the diagnosis of HCC and metastatic hepatic HSA in dogs as well as in humans.  相似文献   

12.
Cell proliferation kinetic values were established for the epidermis, hair follicle epithelium, and sebaceous glands of 10 Beagles and 4 Cocker Spaniels with healthy skin and coats. Values were established by intradermal pulse-labeling injections of [3H]thymidine, examination of cutaneous biopsied tissues, and autoradiography. The epidermal basal cell-labeling index was 1.41 +/- 0.46% for Beagles and 1.71 +/- 0.56% for Cocker Spaniels. The hair follicle basal cell-labeling index was 1.46 +/- 0.78 and 1.07 +/- 0.42%, respectively. Calculated epidermal cell-renewal time for viable layers of the epidermis was 23.38 +/- 5.93 days for Beagles and 20.97 +/- 4.92 days for Cocker Spaniels. Differences between cell kinetic data for the 2 breeds were not significant (P greater than 0.05). The basal cell-labeling index for the sebaceous gland was significantly (P = 0.009) lower for Cocker Spaniels (0.40 +/- 0.18%) than for Beagles (1.81 +/- 1.08%). Seemingly, epidermal and follicular cell proliferation kinetics in healthy dogs was similar between the 2 breeds, whereas sebaceous gland basal cells were less proliferative in healthy Cocker Spaniels than in healthy Beagles.  相似文献   

13.
Resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) are indirect measurements of blood flow resistance that may be measured by pulsed wave Doppler ultrasonography. Chemical restrain may potentially alter the indices although it is required to perform ultrasonography in some patients. The purpose of this study was to describe values for both intrarenal and ocular RI and PI within the same subject in clinically normal dogs sedated with a midazolam and butorphanol combination and evaluate if there are any significant changes between sedated and nonsedated dogs. Fifteen healthy Beagle dogs were studied by Duplex Doppler interrogation in interlobar or arcuate arteries of the kidney and long posterior ciliary artery. Pulse rate and systolic blood pressure were also determined. All measurements were recorded before and after the administration of a sedative combination of midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg). Mean comparison tests (paired t-tests or Wilcoxon's rank-sum test) were used to determine if any significant differences existed between right and left renal values or right and left ocular values. A correlation study (Pearson or Spearman) was applied between RI, PI, and systolic pressure, and pulse rate. RI and PI were significantly higher in sedated Beagles than in unsedated Beagles. There was neither correlation between index and systolic blood pressure nor pulse rate. In conclusion, provided that normal RI and PI increase in sedated animals, then reference ranges should be higher when sedated--healthy or ill--animals are evaluated.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate renal function in clinically normal dogs when awake and during anesthesia with medetomidine; xylazine, ketamine, and halothane (XKH) combination; or propofol. ANIMALS: 10 adult female Beagles. PROCEDURES: At intervals of 15 days, dogs were administered medetomidine (0.05 mg/kg, IV); XKH combination (xylazine [1 mg/kg, IV], ketamine [5 mg/kg, IV], and halothane [1% end-tidal concentration]); or propofol (6 mg/kg, IV) to induce anesthesia or no treatment. Glomerular filtration rate was assessed on the basis of renal uptake (RU; determined via renal scintigraphy) and plasma clearance (CL) of technetium 99m-labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA). RESULTS: In awake dogs, mean +/- SEM RU was 9.7 +/- 0.4% and CL was 3.86 +/- 0.23 mL/min/ kg. Renal uptake and CL of (99m)Tc-DTPA were not significantly modified by administration of XKH (RU, 11.4 +/- 0.9%; CL, 4.6 +/- 0.32 mL/min/kg) or propofol (RU, 9.7 +/- 0.3%; CL, 3.78 +/- 0.37 mL/min/kg). Half-life elimination time of plasma (99m)Tc-DTPA decreased significantly in XKH-anesthetized dogs, compared with the value in awake dogs (14.4 minutes and 28.9 minutes, respectively). However, glomerular filtration rate was significantly decreased by administration of medetomidine (RU, 3.9 +/- 0.1%), and the time to maximum kidney activity was significantly increased (867 +/- 56 seconds vs 181 +/- 11 seconds without anesthesia). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that anesthesia with propofol or an XKH combination did not alter renal function in healthy Beagles, but anesthesia with medetomidine decreased early RU of (99m)Tc-DTPA.  相似文献   

15.
Background: The calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT), an assay that permits measurement of thrombin generation in plasma, may be useful in studying hemostatic disorders and anticoagulant therapy in animals. Objectives: The aims of the study were to measure thrombin generation in healthy Beagle dogs and to evaluate the potential use of the CAT assay for monitoring therapy with unfractionated heparin (UFH). Methods: Individual platelet‐poor plasma samples and a plasma pool from 20 healthy adult Beagles were prepared. Serial UFH plasma dilutions were used to establish an in vitro heparin‐sensitivity curve. The pharmacodynamic effects of heparin in vivo were evaluated in Beagles using the CAT assay to measure thrombin generation with tissue factor at a concentration of 5 pM for initiation. Results: In healthy Beagles, the range of endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) was 238.7–414.0 nM/min (mean ± SD, 340.4 ± 63.1 nM/min). ETP intra‐assay and interassay variations were 7.1% and 12.9%, respectively. In vitro, a UFH concentration ≥0.4 U/mL resulted in total inhibition of thrombin generation. In vivo, the maximal effect of UFH on ETP was observed at 170 ± 36 minutes (range, 120–210 minutes) and resulted in a decrease in ETP of 38.5 ± 7.8% (range, 26.5–50.3%). In 210–420 minutes, ETP returned to baseline in 5 dogs. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that thrombin generation can be measured in canine plasma and may be useful in assessing the degree of anticoagulation provided by UFH.  相似文献   

16.
Serum glucose and plasma C-peptide response to IV glucagon administration was evaluated in 24 healthy dogs, 12 dogs with untreated diabetes mellitus, 30 dogs with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus, and 8 dogs with naturally acquired hyperadrenocorticism. Serum insulin response also was evaluated in all dogs, except 20 insulin-treated diabetic dogs. Blood samples for serum glucose, serum insulin, and plasma C-peptide determinations were collected immediately before and 5,10,20,30, and (for healthy dogs) 60 minutes after IV administration of 1 mg glucagon per dog. In healthy dogs, the patterns of glucagon-stimulated changes in plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations were identical, with single peaks in plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations observed approximately 15 minutes after IV glucagon administration. Mean plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations in untreated diabetic dogs, and mean plasma C-peptide concentration in insulin-treated diabetic dogs did not increase significantly after IV glucagon administration. The validity of serum insulin concentration results was questionable in 10 insulin-treated diabetic dogs, possibly because of anti-insulin antibody interference with the insulin radioimmunoassay. Plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations were significantly increased (P < .001) at all blood sarnplkg times after glucagon administration in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, compared with healthy dogs, and untreated and insulin-treated diabetic dogs. Five-minute C-peptide increment, C-peptide peak response, total C-peptide secretion, and, for untreated diabetic dogs, insulin peak response and total insulin secretion were significantly lower (P < .001) in diabetic dogs, compared with healthy dogs, whereas these same parameters were significantly increased (P < .011 in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, compared with healthy dogs, and untreated and insulin-treated diabetic dogs. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend for higher plasma C-peptide concentrations in untreated diabetic dogs compared with insulin-treated diabetic dogs during the glucagon stimulation test. Baseline C-peptide concentrations also were significantly higher (P < .05) in diabetic dogs treated with insulin for less than 6 months, compared with diabetic dogs treated for longer than 1 year. Finally, 7 of 42 diabetic dogs had baseline plasma C-peptide concentrations greater than 2 SD (ie, >0.29 pmol/mL) above the normal mean plasma C-peptide concentration; values that were significantly higher, compared with results in healthy dogs (P < .001) and with the other 35 diabetic dogs (P < .001). In summary, measurement of plasma C-peptide concentration during glucagon stimulation testing allowed differentiation among healthy dogs, dogs with impaired β-cell function (ie, diabetes mellitusl, and dogs with increased β-cell responsiveness to glucagon (ie, insulin resistance). Plasma C-peptide concentrations during glucagon stimulation testing were variable in diabetic dogs and may represent dogs with type-1 and type-2 diabetes or, more likely, differences in severity of β-cell loss in dogs with type-1 diabetes. J Vet Intern Med 1996;10:116–122. Copyright © 1996 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.  相似文献   

17.
Extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt is a vascular anomaly that connects the portal vein to the systemic circulation and leads to a change in hepatic microvascular perfusion. However, an assessment of hepatic microvascular perfusion is limited by conventional diagnostic modalities. The aim of this prospective, exploratory study was to assess hepatic microvascular perfusion in dogs with extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt using contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using perfluorobutane (Sonazoid®). A total of 17 dogs were included, eight healthy dogs and nine with extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt. The time‐to‐peak (TTP), rising time (RT), and rising rate (RR) in the hepatic artery, portal vein, and hepatic parenchyma, as well as the portal vein‐to‐hepatic parenchyma transit time (ΔHP‐PV) measured from time‐intensity curve on CEUS were compared between healthy and extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt dogs. The RT of the hepatic artery in extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt dogs was significantly earlier than in healthy dogs (P = 0.0153). The TTP and RT of the hepatic parenchyma were significantly earlier in extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt dogs than in healthy dogs (P = 0.0018 and P = 0.0024, respectively). ΔHP–PV was significantly shorter in extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt dogs than in healthy dogs (P = 0.0018). CEUS effectively revealed changes in hepatic microvascular perfusion including hepatic artery, portal vein, and hepatic parenchyma simultaneously in extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt dogs. Rapid hepatic artery and hepatic parenchyma enhancements may reflect a compensatory increase in hepatic artery blood flow (arterialization) caused by a decrease in portal vein blood flow and may be used as an additional diagnostic test to distinguish extrahepatic‐congenital portosystemic shunt dogs from healthy dogs.  相似文献   

18.
Nineteen of 28 (67%) Greyhounds enrolled in the Blood Donor Program at The Veterinary Teaching Hospital, The Ohio State University (Columbus, OH), had a left basilar systolic murmur. Ten Greyhounds with murmurs and 9 without murmurs were evaluated to gain knowledge about the pathogenesis of this murmur. Echocardiograms were performed without sedation by means of a GE Vivid 7 Echocardiographic System with a continuous ECG; systolic arterial blood pressure (SABP) was measured with an Ultrasonic Doppler Flow detector model 811-B. The mean peak aortic velocity in the Greyhounds with murmurs (2.15 m/s; range, 1.8-2.2 m/s) was significantly higher than in the Greyhounds without murmurs (1.89 m/s; range, 1.6-2.0 m/s) (P < .001); there were no significant differences between groups for aortic valve or annulus diameter, fractional shortening, pulmonic velocity, SABP, hematocrit, serum protein concentration, or red blood cell counts. In this study, Greyhounds with soft, left basilar systolic murmurs had mildly (but significantly) higher mean peak aortic velocities than similar dogs without murmurs. In the dogs with murmurs (and higher velocities), we could not identify structural abnormalities, such as valvular lesions or other congenital defects. There was no inverse correlation between the systolic murmur and the higher hematocrit and red blood cell counts observed in this breed. This 1-2/6 basilar systolic murmur is common in Greyhounds, and it does not appear to be of any clinical consequence.  相似文献   

19.
OBJECTIVE: To purify canine carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes CA-I and CA-II and to determine concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in erythrocytes of Beagles and dogs native to Japan. SAMPLE POPULATION: Blood samples from 116 Beagles, including 24 pregnant Beagles, and blood samples from 29 dogs native to Japan. PROCEDURE: Canine CA-I and CA-II were purified by use of column chromatography. Concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in erythrocytes of dogs were determined, using an ELISA. RESULTS: Mean (+/- SD) concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in erythrocytes of Beagles were 3.21+/-0.86 and 1.63+/-0.39 mg/g of Hb, respectively. Mean concentration of CA-I was greater in male Beagles than female Beagles. In contrast, mean concentration of CA-II was greater in female Beagles than male Beagles. Furthermore, concentration of CA-II was greater in pregnant female Beagles than male or nonpregnant female Beagles. Mean concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in erythrocytes of dogs native to Japan were 11.03+/-4.39 and 3.29+/-0.91 mg/g of Hb, respectively. Mean concentration of CA-I was greater in male dogs from Japan than female dogs from Japan. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ELISA used in this study proved to be precise and sensitive for determining CA-I and CA-II concentrations in dogs. The ELISA may enable study of changes in isoenzymes associated with hereditary or metabolic disorders of blood or other body fluids, using only a small sample. Measurement of the concentrations of CA isoenzymes in dogs may be of diagnostic value.  相似文献   

20.
We examined the refractive value in healthy Beagles by skiascopy. The mean refractive value of 54 eyes of 27 Beagles was 0.08 ± 0.87 (mean ± SD) diopters (D). The numbers of eyes defined as having emmetropia, myopia and hyperopia were 34, 8 and 12, respectively. Anisometropia was detected in 4 dogs. The mean refractive values in the 3-6-year-old and 8-9-year-old groups were 0.26 ± 0.84 and -0.29 ± 0.82 D, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号