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《林业与社会》2000,(2)
TheprojectofSichuanCommunityForestry,fundedbytheFordFoundationandassistedandguidedbyRECOFTC,isaseriesofactivitiesofresearch,practiceandpromotionofthebestmanagementandoperationalmodesimplementedintheareaoftheprojectofYangtzeriverprotectiveforest.Since1992,SichuancommunityforestryhascarriedoutsomepilotworksinQuxiancounty,PingchangcountyandButoucounty.1.ThethinkingandfeaturesofcommunityforestryCommunityforestryisacompletelynewthinkingandmethodofworksintroducedfromabroad.Itisaproductofcombi… 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTIONUrban Forestry is an emerging science and art in thePhilippines. Its concepts and principles are quite similarwith traditional forestry being both resourcemanagement systems. However, urban forestrysobjectives are more focused on the protective,ameliorative, aesthetic and amenities rather than onproductive roles.As a resource management strategy, urban forestryinvolves wise use, management and/or manipulationof the resources that include individual trees and otherplants com… 相似文献
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He Qingtang Song Conghe College of Forest Resources Environment Beijing
Forestry UniversityBeijing l P.R. China 《中国林学(英文版)》1994,(2)
ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＦｏｒｅｓｔｏｎｔｈｅＢｕｄｇｅｔｓｏｆＷａｔｅｒ，ＥｎｅｒｇｙａｎｄＧａｓｅｓｉｎｔｈｅＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔＨｅＱｉｎｇｔａｎｇ，ＳｏｎｇＣｏｎｇｈｅＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＦｏｒｅｓｔＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓａｎｄＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ，... 相似文献
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Variability of the seeds and cones and key taxonomic charactersselection of Larix in Northeast China
IntroductionLarisoIgensiSHenryandLarisgmeIinii(Rupr.)Rupr.areboththenativetreespeciesinChina,buttheirdiStributingcentersarenotwithintherangeofChina.LarisoIgen$isismainlydistributedinNoFthKoreaandadjacentNortheastChinaandRussia(Dylis1961).lnChina,itsdistributingcenterisintheChangbaiMountains.Nevertheless,LarisgmeliniiismainlydistributedintheFar-EastandEastSiberiaofRussiaandNortheasternChina.ItsdistributingcenterinChinaisintheDaxing'anMountains.Thecharac-tersofthesexuaIreproduction… 相似文献
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本文研究了长江三峡花岗岩地区林地土壤流失特性．结果表明由鳞片状面蚀导致的土壤流失量月分布与月降雨量的分布趋势基本一致，二者呈现出较为明显的线性相关关系．植物盖度≥０．７０的林地土壤流失多集中发生在６～９月份，土壤流失量在５０００ｔ·ｋｍ－２·ａ－１以下．盖度＜０．７的林地土壤流失年内分布时间多在３～１０月份，土壤流失量为５００～６０００ｔ·ｋｍ－２·ａ－１． 相似文献
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Stein Michael Tomter Andrius Kuliešis Thomas Gschwantner 《Annals of Forest Science》2016,73(4):849-856
Key message
In order to obtain the necessary information for decision making etc., it is of increasing importance to be able to assess increment in a reliable way. Only repeated measurements on permanent sample plots in national forest inventories can provide accurate and comprehensive information on the various components of annual increment. Such inventory systems are increasingly employed in European countries. The felling/increment ratio, characterizing wood use sustainability, should be expressed as the ratio of felled living trees (excluding dead trees) and net increment.Context
Reporting of gross and net annual increment is an element of international forest resource assessments and crucial for sustainable forest management. A number of approaches exist for the estimation of increment and its various sub-components.Aims
The main objectives of the study are to assess in detail what methods European countries have used and are planning to use in the future for international reporting of increment. Also, the usefulness of the various approaches for the assessment of increment is evaluated.Methods
A questionnaire asking about their assessment methods was distributed among the UNECE/FAO national correspondents of all European countries and members of the UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Monitoring Sustainable Forest Management. Databases of the Temperate and Boreal Forest Resource Assessment 2000 and of the State of Europe’s Forests 2011 were also used. Furthermore, the methodological background was described on the basis of relevant literature sources and some examples for country groups presented.Results
Countries have indicated what methods they used for assessment of various increment components, and the percentage of countries, forest area, and growing stock corresponding to these replies has been calculated. With regard to gross annual increment, these metrics represent about one third for inventories based on permanent sample plots, but this percentage is on the increase.Conclusion
The concept of the “control method” for forest management was developed more than 100 years ago but only utilized at the local level. The same methodology is now widely used at the national and regional level due to the implementation of modern national forest inventories using permanent sample plots. Care should be taken to utilize the data correctly for international forest resource assessments, in order to, e.g., avoid double counting of dead trees.9.
GAO Zhenhua GU Jiyou LI ZhiguoCollege of Material Science Engineering Northeast Forestry Univ. Harbin P.R. China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2004,3(2):41-48
The practical occasions for isocyanate bonding to woodare often that of heat, high moisture or rich water.When isocyanate reacted with functional groups inwood, such as hydroxyl groups, it formed thecarbamate that fulfils isocyanates powerful chemicalbonding. Meanwhile, it reacted with water or its vapourand formed polyurea, which is a completing reactionwith that of forming carbamate(Rowell, et al., 1981).As a result, this completing reaction correlates to thefinal bonding performance of iso… 相似文献
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《林业研究》2008,19(1):F0004-F0004
The Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center （HTIRC）, led by Dr. Charles H. Michler, is a collaborative effort between Purdue University, USDA Forest Service, State of Indiana, and the hardwood forest industry. Additional funding partners are the Van Eck Forest Foundation, National Science Foundation, ArborAmerica Inc., Steelcase Inc., Indiana Hardwood Lumbermen＇s Association, National Hardwood Lumber Association, Indiana Forestry and Woodland Owners Association and Walnut Council. The Center employees eight Ph.D. principal investigators who specialist in genetics and tree improvement, tree physiology, silviculture, entomology, nursery management and plantation establishment, and outreach. HTIRC＇s research and development is focused on fine hardwood species （Juglans, Quercus, Castanea, Prunus and Fraxinus） native to the central hardwoods region of the USA and the Center is providing graduate education to more than 22 MS and Ph.D. students Recent accomplishments include development of： 1） seed zones and genetic transformation protocols for Juglans nigra, 2） vegetative propagation methods for Prunus serotina, and 3） cold hardiness and advance mineral nutrition guidelines for hardwood nursery stock 相似文献
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This study was conducted to determine the relation between the dynamic modulus of elasticity and the static modulus of elasticity, and the relation between the dynamic modulus of elasticity and the modulus of rupture of mandarin peel–sawdust composite boards. The result of this study was as follows: There was highly close linear correlation between the dynamic modulus of elasticity and the static modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture of the mandarin peel–sawdust composite boards with the density of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 g/cm3, and the mandarin peel content of 10, 20, 30 and 40%, thus, the static modulus of elasticity and the modulus of rupture can be predicted from the dynamic modulus of elasticity measured by free vibration test using resonance frequency. 相似文献
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Present research on the composition and application of lac 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Wang Xia Li Jian-zhang Fan Yong-ming Jin Xiao-juan 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(1):65-69
Lac is a natural polymer with atoxigenic, renewable, and naturally degradable characteristics. Nowadays, more and more attentions are paid to environment protection and resource conservation, so it has great significance to study the composition and application of lac. The paper summarizes the research of lac composition and emphasizes on the present research of lac resin. The applications of lac are also introduced. In addition, some suggestions are proposed, which is expected to provide some scientific references for further studies of lac. 相似文献
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M.A.U. Mridha F. Jabbar M. K. Bhuiyan M. Rahman F. Akter S. Dewan 《林业研究》2007,18(3):236-240
A survey on the symptom and severity of the leaf spot disease of Pongamia pinnata L. was conducted in the nurseries of the Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong （IFESCU）, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute （BFRI） and Aronnak Nursery in Chittagong. The highest infection percentage and disease index were found in IFESCU nursery, followed by BFRI and the lowest was recorded in Aronnak nursery. The associated organism of leaf spot disease of P. pinnata was isolated from the diseased plant parts and the pathogenicity was established with the isolated fungus. Colletorichum gloeosprioides Penz was proved to be pathogenic. The inhibition of mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides was observed and identified as suitable fungicides （Bavistin, Cupravite and Dithane M-45） and doses （0.05, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00）. The lowest and highest mycelial growth were respectively found on Bavistin and on Cupravite at the concentration of 0.05 after 8th day of incubation. It indicates that out of the three tested fungicides, Bavistin showed most effective, followed by Diathane M-45, and Cupravite was ineffective for its very little inhibition on mycelial growth. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(6):508-520
ABSTRACTSweden is one of the most forested countries in Europe, and it has one of the highest shares of productive forest. Production in forestry is largely reliant on the private non-industrial forest owners, who own half of the forest land. As in many countries, however, forest ownership is changing towards a higher extent of urban, female or non-forestry-background owners. This poses a challenge for the forestry services sector, mainly forest owners’ associations and companies, but also broadly the sector at large. By exploring the sales and marketing processes, this paper analyses the service logics and strategies of Swedish forestry under changing forest ownership, drawing on an interview study covering all the large actors in the Swedish forestry sector. The study illustrates an increased focus of forestry organizations on services from a strategic and managerial perspective, in customer-oriented relationship development and in value creation and sales processes, specifically in order to manage “new” forest owners and the demand of forest industries. The results highlight the domination of service logics associated with timber production and the challenges for the service market and the provision of diversified services to forest owners. 相似文献
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Jožica Gričar Špela Jagodic Bogoslav Šefc Jelena Trajković Klemen Eler 《European Journal of Forest Research》2014,133(3):551-562
We investigated the structure and width of the dormant cambium and of the increments of phloem and xylem of Quercus robur to estimate their potential as indicators for tree vitality. The samples were taken from three woodlands, two in Slovenia [Krakovo forest (KRA) and Murska Suma (MUS)] and one in Croatia [Kobiljak (KOB)], with reported tree decline. The number of dormant cells seems to reflect the initial capacity of the cambium to accomplish cell division. With the exception of two trees at KRA, cell production was always higher on the xylem side than on the phloem side. The annual phloem increments were narrower, less variable among trees and with clear lower and upper limits. With increased cambial cell productivity, the share of the xylem in the total annual radial increment increased following a curvilinear function. In trees with an annual radial increment >3.5 mm, the xylem size represented more than 90 % of the total radial growth. The anatomical variables analyzed show that the most limiting environmental conditions seem to prevail at KRA, whereas the conditions at MUS seem to be most favorable in terms of radial growth. Analysis of the width and structure of xylem and phloem increments, the number of dormant cambial cells and their inter-relationships can provide additional information on the vitality of oaks. 相似文献
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The global spread of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, an urban pest as well as a vector for arboviruses, is a threat for public health. As control measures include the use of insecticides such as the pyrethroid λ-cyhalothrin, it is crucial to assess their efficiency and their potential impact on the biodiversity especially under climate change conditions. To evaluate the environmental risk, biotests are well established for non-target organisms but not yet for mosquitoes. We therefore developed a full-lifecycle biotest for mosquitoes kept under quarantine conditions based on the OECD guideline 219. Therewith we tested the effect of temperature and nutrition on the ecotoxicological response to λ-cyhalothrin on the mosquitoes Ae. albopictus and Culex pipiens by assessing sublethal and life history parameters. The efficiency of λ-cyhalothrin decreased in both mosquito species with increasing temperature and changed with feeding protocol. At effective concentrations for potential mosquito control in surface waters, λ-cyhalothrin poses a high risk for indigenous aquatic key role species inhabiting the same microhabitats. Those aspects should to be taken into account in vector control strategies. 相似文献
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Jiang Jian-xin Zhu Li-wei Wang Kun Wang Wei-gan 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(3):30-33
1 Introduction Ethanol is now recognized as a potential alternative to petroleum-derived vehicle fuels, and offers environ- mental advantages. The combustion of biofuels does not result in a net contribution of CO2 to the atmos- phere, so they do not contribute to the greenhouse ef- fect. Lignocellulosic material is the most abundant renewable resource available for the production of fuel ethanol. The cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of lignocellulosic material can be hydrolyzed to sugar… 相似文献
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Fabrina Bolzan Martins Mábele de Cássia Ferreira Flávia Fernanda Azevedo Fagundes Gabriel Wilson Lorena Florêncio 《林业研究》2023,(1):209-220
Air temperature and photoperiod play an important role in the seedling development for tropical forest species.Both variables are sensitive to climate,and so evaluating thermal and photoperiodic effects on seedling development is fundamental,especially for climate change studies.Methods to quantify thermal time and the energy required for plants to reach a development stage include air temperature and cardinal temperatures.The photoperiod will also affect physiological reactions of a plant and t... 相似文献