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1.
日粮不同蛋白质来源对山羊瘤胃微生物氨基酸组成的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文主要研究不同蛋白质饲料对瘤胃微生物蛋白产量及其氨基酸(AA)组成模式影响的规律.以4只瘘管山羊作为试验动物,分为A组(羽毛粉组)、B组(玉米蛋白粉组)、C组(豆粕组)和D组(鱼粉组)4个组,进行4×4拉丁方试验.结果表明:不同蛋白质饲料显著影响瘤胃微生物蛋白的量,以豆粕组最高,为13.975 0 mg/mL,羽毛粉组最低,为10.765 0 mg/mL(P<0.01).微生物蛋白中AA-N的含量也受蛋白质来源的影响,豆粕组AA-N比例最低,而鱼粉组最高.进一步回归分析表明AA-N的含量与细菌(原虫)蛋白有负(正)相关关系,回归方程为Y=15.469-1.098X1+1.498X2(R2=0.944).研究还发现微生物蛋白的AA组成模式在不同蛋白质处理以及微生物区系间有差异.原虫蛋白的Val含量高于细菌,而细菌蛋白的Lys含量则高于原虫.细菌蛋白的Arg含量,原虫蛋白的Met、Leu和His含量在各组间差异显著.AA的变化与微生物类群的变化有一定的关联.因此,日粮蛋白质对瘤胃微生物蛋白产量和微生物从组成都有一定的影响.  相似文献   

2.
试验旨在研究饱和程度不同的油脂对瘤胃原虫、细菌蛋白质及DNA的影响。试验以3头瘘管山羊提供瘤胃液,设置对照组、花生油、菜油、玉米油和豆油等进行体外培养0、4、8、16、24 h取样,TCA法测定原虫与细菌的蛋白质,二苯胺显色法测定其DNA。结果表明:除细菌蛋白外,细菌DNA、原虫蛋白和DNA、微生物蛋白和DNA、原虫/细菌区系等指标的均值在组间差异都不显著(P>0.05),但各项指标随培养时间延长在取样时点间都有显著或极显著的纵向差异(P<0.05、P<0.01)。各组微生物蛋白或DNA在数值上的高低顺序基本一致,皆为豆油>玉米油>花生油>对照组>菜籽油;而原虫/细菌则以对照组最高,菜籽油组次之,玉米油、豆油组较低。相关分析表明,细菌蛋白与DNA间、微生物蛋白与DNA间皆相关显著(2-tail<0.05)。  相似文献   

3.
蛋白质来源对瘤胃细菌和原虫群体结构的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以4只瘘管山羊为试验动物,采用4×4拉丁方设计,使用克隆测序、遗传指纹以及细胞显微计数等技术,研究以羽毛粉(A)、玉米蛋白粉(B)、豆粕(C)和鱼粉(D)4种蛋白补充料分别配合的混合日粮对瘤胃细菌和原虫群体结构的影响。结果表明:细菌的R.flavefaciens、R.bromii、R-7、Roseburia faecalis、Uncultured T33H60F48、Uncultured GRANT42及1个尚不能定性的类群在组间存在显著差异(P<0.05);原虫的内毛虫、前毛虫、头毛虫、等毛虫4个类群在处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。综上可见,蛋白质源对瘤胃细菌和原虫类群结构有显著影响。  相似文献   

4.
试验主要研究不同油脂对体外培养瘤胃微生物发酵及其蛋白合成的影响。试验以3头瘘管山羊为试验动物,分不加油脂的对照组和分别添加4%菜籽油(A)、豆油(B)、玉米油(C)、花生油(D)的试验组等5组进行体外培养。结果表明:培养液pH值组间差异不显著,但各组的动态变化模式有所不同。NH3-N浓度组间差异显著,以A组最低并显著低于对照组,其他各组都显著或极显著高于对照组,其动态变化模式也有所差异。细菌蛋白以B组最高,显著高于对照组,C、D组也有高于对照组的趋势;原虫蛋白组间无明显差异,但4个试验组都低于对照组;而总的微生物蛋白以B组最高,明显高于对照组。原虫与细菌区系的比值在组间差异显著,以对照组最高,显著高于4个试验组。A组纤维素降解率最低并显著低于对照组,而其他各组间差异都不显著(P>0.05)。总之,4%的各油脂对微生物发酵影响不大,除豆油外,均可在不同程度上提高细菌蛋白量。  相似文献   

5.
为了研究不同蛋白质饲料对陕北绒山羊瘤胃内环境和瘤胃微生物区系的影响,试验选择4只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的陕北绒山羊,采用4×4拉丁方设计,分别饲喂棉籽粕(A组)、玉米蛋白粉(B组)、豆粕(C组)和菜籽饼(D组)4种蛋白质日粮,测定瘤胃液pH值、氨态氮浓度、精料蛋白质降解率、瘤胃微生物蛋白浓度以及微生物群体结构。结果表明:各组瘤胃液pH值均在6.07~6.63之间,各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);氨态氮浓度变化范围为99.1~265.6 mg/L,A组与D组差异不显著(P>0.05),其他各组间不同时间段均差异显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01);各组粗蛋白降解率均随着时间的延长呈上升趋势,其中C组的消化率最高;在饲喂后随着时间的延长,瘤胃微生物蛋白量呈先降低再升高再降低的趋势,在采食前各组间差异不显著(P>0.05),采食后C组处于较高水平,与其他3组差异极显著(P<0.01);通过对原虫蛋白与细菌蛋白的比较,发现4种不同蛋白质饲料对瘤胃内微生物结构的影响不显著(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

6.
本试验主要研究不同蛋白质饲料对嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌(Ruminobacter amylophilus)生长的影响.选用4只装有瘤胃瘘管的徐淮白山羊羯羊,分别饲喂以羽毛粉、玉米蛋白粉、豆粕和鱼粉为蛋白质补充料的4组日粮,进行4×4拉丁方设计的试验,并采用实时定量PCR(RT-PCR)技术对嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌进行定量分析.结果表明,豆粕组瘤胃氨氮浓度最高,并显著高于其他3组(P<0.05);细菌总数在组间差异不显著(P>0.05);嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌的密度及其数量在细菌总数中的比例均以豆粕组最高,且组间差异显著(P<0.05).总之,豆粕饲料适宜于嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌的生长,RT-PCR技术适用于瘤胃微生物的定量研究.  相似文献   

7.
试验主要研究不同油脂对体外培养瘤胃微生物发酵及其蛋白合成的影响。试验以3头瘘管山羊为试验动物,分不加油脂的对照组和分别添加4%菜籽油(A)、豆油(B)、玉米油(C)、花生油(D)的试验组等5组进行体外培养。结果表明:培养液pH值组间差异不显著,但各组的动态变化模式有所不同。NH3-N浓度组间差异显著,以A组最低并显著低于对照组,其他各组都显著或极显著高于对照组,其动态变化模式也有所差异。细菌蛋白以B组最高,显著高于对照组,C、D组也有高于对照组的趋势;原虫蛋白组间无明显差异,但4个试验组都低于对照组;而总的微生物蛋白以B组最高,明显高于对照组。原虫与细菌区系的比值在组间差异显著,以对照组最高,显著高于4个试验组。A组纤维素降解率最低并显著低于对照组,而其他各组间差异都不显著(P0.05)。总之,4%的各油脂对微生物发酵影响不大,除豆油外,均可在不同程度上提高细菌蛋白量。  相似文献   

8.
旨在研究体外培养条件下氨基酸对瘤胃微生物群系特征以及发酵的影响。以4头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的徐淮山羊羯羊为瘤胃液供体,采用人工模拟山羊瘤胃发酵装置。通过特定氨基酸缺省底物的方法,设定5个处理组:全量氨基酸(AA)组(A组)、蛋氨酸缺省组(B组)、赖氨酸缺省组(C组)、支链氨基酸缺省组(D组)以及芳香族氨基酸缺省组(E组)。研究结果表明:培养液pH均在6.01~6.45之间变化,均值以C组(-Lys)最高为6.23;氨氮浓度变化范围为7.98~29.05mg·100mL-1,均值以A组(全量AA)最高为18.16mg·100mL-1;4组特定AA的缺省对瘤胃微生物(细菌和原虫)的限制性作用(相对于全量AA组)排序为(由大到小):支链氨基酸(BCAA)芳香族AA(ARAA)蛋氨酸赖氨酸;P/B比值以B组最高为101.37%,D组最低为88.22%,微生物AA-N、细菌AA-N和原虫AA-N分别以E组、D组和E组最高,均以C组最低;微生物的遗传指纹图谱表明细菌和原虫内部菌群结构因特定AA缺省底物而发生了相应的变化。在体外培养条件下,氨基酸对瘤胃微生物群系的生长以及发酵具有一定的影响。  相似文献   

9.
试验旨在利用4种类型的方法,即显微镜观察、滚管法、实时PCR和PCR-DGGE法研究4头安装有瘤胃瘘管的沼泽地水牛(Bubalus bulalis)瘤胃微生物数量及其多样性。所有的水牛随机分组,试验为2因子2水平,利用4×4拉丁方设计,试验处理日粮为4种。因子A为2种粗料日粮(稻草、尿素和2%石灰处理的稻草),因子B为精料中添加2种水平的尿素(0和4%尿素)。另外,通过评价瘤胃的发酵参数来估算瘤胃微生物变化和瘤胃发酵效率之间的关系。试验结果表明,尿素和石灰处理的稻草和含有4%尿素精料混合物物组中的总瘤胃细菌、F.succinogenes,R.albus和真菌的数量大于其他处理组,然而R.flavefaciens和原虫数量显著降低(P<0.05),所有处理组中淀粉降解菌、蛋白降解菌和总细菌数量无显著差异。瘤胃产甲烷菌的数量随处理而减少但其多样性在每个泳道的18个不同条带间无明显变化。瘤胃pH、NH3-N,BUN浓度、乙酸和丙酸的含量随牛采食尿素和石灰处理的日粮及含4%尿素精料而显著升高(P<0.05)。基于以上研究可以说明,尿素和石灰处理的稻草和含4%尿素的精料的混合日粮会提高水牛瘤胃发酵效率、瘤胃降解纤维微生物的数量,从而瘤胃生态环境。  相似文献   

10.
本试验利用3头瘤胃瘘管山羊提供瘤胃液,以淀粉、纤维素、酪蛋白为底物进行体外培养,研究花生油、菜油、玉米油和豆油等对瘤胃发酵产气及微生物活力状况的影响。结果表明:培养液36 h总产气量在20.61~39.67mL,除花生油组与对照组差异不显著外(P>0.05),其他油脂组都显著低于对照组(P<0.05);随着培养时间的延长各组产气量呈现波动变化。培养液总脱氢酶以豆油组最高,显著高于对照组;并依次显著高于玉米油、花生油、菜籽油等组(P<0.05)。另外,培养液原虫DNA、细菌DNA、微生物DNA、原虫/细菌区系比例的均值与对照组,以及油脂组间差异都不显著(P>0.05),但随着培养时间的延长,微生物DNA在各时间点都以豆油与玉米油组的较高;原虫DNA一般在16 h达到最高,而细菌DNA则在8 h或16 h最高,并显著高于1 h或4 h的量(P<0.05、P<0.01),且各个试验组在培养过程中随时间的动态变化模式也不尽相同。总体看来,不同油脂对瘤胃微生物体外产气及区系动态变化的影响不同。  相似文献   

11.
Four ruminally cannulated dairy cows were used to examine the effect of diet on the AA composition of rumen bacteria and protozoa, and the flow of microbial and nonmicrobial AA entering the omasal canal. Cows were offered grass-red clover silage alone, or that supplemented with 5.1 kg DM of barley, 1.9 kg DM of rapeseed meal, or 5.1 kg DM of barley and 1.9 kg DM of rapeseed meal according to a 4 x 4 Latin square design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. During the first 10 d of each period, cows had free access to silage and, thereafter intake was restricted to 95% of ad libitum intake. Postruminal digesta flow was assessed using the omasal canal sampling technique in combination with a triple marker method. Liquid- (LAB) and particle- (PAB) associated bacteria were isolated from digesta in the reticulorumen and protozoa from digesta entering the omasal canal. Microbial protein flow was determined using 15N as a microbial marker. Flows of AA entering the omasal canal were similar in cows fed silage diets supplemented with barley or rapeseed meal. However, rapeseed meal increased nonmicrobial AA flow while barley increased the flow of AA associated with LAB and protozoa. Diet had negligible effects on the AA profile of microbial fractions. Comparison of AA profiles across diets indicated differences between LAB and PAB for 10 out of 17 AA measured. Rumen bacteria and protozoa were found to be different for 14 out of 15 AA measured. For grass silage-based diets, energy and protein supplementations appear to alter postruminal AA supply through modifications in the proportionate contribution of microbial and nonmicrobial pools to total protein flow rather than as a direct result of changes in the AA profile of microbial protein.  相似文献   

12.
本试验旨在研究绵羊瘤胃细菌、原虫蛋白质分解代谢相关酶活力及谷氨酸脱氢酶体系的米氏常数(Km)值,为解释绵羊瘤胃细菌、原虫蛋白质分解代谢特征提供酶学依据。选用6只1岁左右安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国美利奴(新疆型)绵羊[平均体重为(32.00±1.36)kg],饲喂精粗比为30∶70的饲粮,依次采集饲喂前(0 h)和饲喂后1.5、3.0、6.0、9.0、12.0 h 6个时间点的瘤胃液,重复采集3次。分离和制备细菌、原虫破碎液,分别测定相关酶活力及谷氨酸脱氢酶体系的Km值。结果显示:1)绵羊瘤胃细菌、原虫破碎液中蛋白酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶的活力随饲喂时间的延长均呈现先升高后降低的动态变化规律,总体在饲喂后1.5 h达到峰值;谷氨酸和氨含量也呈现相似的变化规律。原虫破碎液中参与蛋白质分解代谢的这4种酶的活力在各时间点均极显著高于细菌(P0.01)。2)原虫破碎液谷氨酸含量极显著高于细菌(P0.01);原虫破碎液氨含量在1.5、6.0、9.0和12.0 h显著或极显著高于细菌(P0.05或P0.01)。3)绵羊瘤胃细菌、原虫谷氨酸脱氢酶对烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)的Km值分别为2.60×10~(-7)、1.48×10~(-7)mol/L;细菌、原虫谷氨酸脱氢酶对谷氨酸的Km值分别为8.41×10~(-6)、4.91×10~(-6)mol/L;细菌、原虫谷氨酸脱氢酶对还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)的Km值分别为3.80×10~(-8)、2.70×10~(-8)mol/L;细菌、原虫谷氨酸脱氢酶对α-酮戊二酸的Km值分别为1.16×10~(-6)、2.07×10~(-6)mol/L;细菌、原虫谷氨酸脱氢酶对氨的Km值分别为2.97×10~(-5)、1.40×10~(-5)mol/L。结果提示,总体上,绵羊瘤胃细菌、原虫中蛋白酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶的活力在饲喂后1.5 h达到峰值,之后逐渐降低;绵羊瘤胃原虫中蛋白酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶的活力均极显著高于细菌,原虫中蛋白质分解代谢更旺盛;瘤胃原虫中不仅存在谷氨酸转氨机制,还可能存在利用氨重新合成氨基酸的机制。  相似文献   

13.
An in vitro trial was conducted to investigate the effect of different inoculum sources (buffalo vs. cattle) on rumen fermentation and degradability. Incubations were carried out using rumen fluid obtained from buffalo or cattle fed the same diet [60% grass hay and 40% concentrate; 18 kg dry matter (DM)/day]. The fermentation kinetics of eight feeds commonly used in ruminant nutrition (alfalfa hay, barley meal, beet pulp, corn meal and silage, ryegrass hay and silage and soya bean meal s.e.) were studied with the in vitro gas production technique and rumen fermentation parameters (substrate disappearance, pH and volatile fatty acids production) were determined after 120 h of incubation. The linear relationship indicates that the microbial metabolic pathways of the two inocula for all the substrates were qualitatively similar, albeit often quantitatively different. In this in vitro study, a significant influence of rumen inoculum (buffalo vs. cow) on fermentation and degradability of the examined substrates was found. The differences in buffalo and cattle rumen fermentation can be explained with a different microbial activity of the two ruminant species, because of different amount of microbial population or microbial population constituted by different species of bacteria and protozoa.  相似文献   

14.
本试验旨在探究不同蛋白源日粮条件下添加乳酸链球菌素(nisin)对育肥湖羊瘤胃发酵及微生物菌群结构的影响。试验采用2×2因子设计,两因子分别为蛋白源[豆粕(SBM)、干玉米酒精糟及其可溶物(DDGS)]和nisin (添加水平为0或30.5 mg·kg-1 DM),两两组合,配制4种等氮等能日粮。选取32只体重(23±2) kg的断奶湖羊公羔,按照随机区组设计,根据体重分为2个区组(低体重组,16只;高体重组,16只),每个区组的湖羊随机分配到4个组并分别饲喂对应日粮,单栏饲喂。试验预饲期1周,正式期9周,试验期结束时每组从高、低体重区组中各随机选取3只湖羊(共24只)进行屠宰,采集瘤胃内容物,提取微生物基因组DNA,利用Illumina MiSeq测序和Real-time qPCR方法分析瘤胃微生物菌群结构。研究结果表明,除Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group和Unclassified Bacteroidetes相对丰度外,日粮蛋白源与nisin对其他所有测定指标(瘤胃发酵参数、瘤胃菌群数量、瘤胃细菌多样性及相对丰度等)均不存在交互作用(P>0.05)。日粮添加nisin对所有测定指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。与饲喂豆粕湖羊相比,饲喂DDGS湖羊瘤胃乙酸、氨态氮浓度及总支链脂肪酸(BCVFA)浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。qPCR结果显示,饲喂不同蛋白源日粮湖羊瘤胃总菌、真菌及甲烷菌数量均无显著差异(P≥0.053),但相对于饲喂豆粕湖羊而言,饲喂DDGS湖羊瘤胃内原虫和嗜氨梭菌(C.aminophilum)数量显著降低(P<0.05)。Illumina-MiSeq测序结果表明,饲喂DDGS湖羊瘤胃内细菌Chao1指数和ACE指数显著升高(P<0.05)。不同日粮处理组在门水平上的优势菌门均为Bacteroidetes及Firmicutes;在属水平各处理组的主要优势菌属为Prevotella 1、Christensenellaceae R-7 group和Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group。饲喂不同蛋白源湖羊瘤胃细菌在门水平上并未产生显著影响(P≥0.14);在属水平上,饲喂DDGS湖羊瘤胃PseudobutyrivibrioRoseburia丰度均显著高于饲喂豆粕湖羊(P<0.05),而Butyrivibrio 2以及Ruminococcaceae UCG-005的相对丰度显著低于饲喂豆粕湖羊(P<0.05)。综上所述,使用DDGS作为日粮蛋白源改变了湖羊瘤胃发酵参数及微生物菌群结构,原虫和C.aminophilum数量的降低可能是导致瘤胃氨态氮浓度显著降低的主要原因;日粮添加30.5 mg·kg-1 DM的nisin对育肥期湖羊瘤胃发酵参数及微生物菌群结构均无显著影响。  相似文献   

15.
Eight wether lambs fitted with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design to study the effects of carbohydrate and protein sources on ruminal protein metabolism and carbohydrate fermentation and intestinal amino acid (AA) absorption. Treatments were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial. Carbohydrate sources were corn and barley; protein sources were soybean meal (SBM) and fish meal (FM). Diets contained 15.5% CP, of which 40% was supplied by SBM or FM. Corn or barley provided 39% of dietary DM that contained equal amounts of grass hay and wheat straw. Fish meal diets produced a lower (P less than .05) ruminal NH3 concentration and resulted in less CP degradation and bacterial protein flow to the duodenum than did SBM diets. Replacing SBM with FM increased (P less than .05) ruminal digestion of all fiber fractions. In addition, cellulose and hemicellulose digestibilities in the rumen tended to increase (P greater than .05) when barley replaced corn in the FM diets. Carbohydrate x protein interactions (P less than .05) were observed for OM digestion in the rumen and AA absorption in the small intestine (percentage of AA entering); these interactions were highest for the barley-FM diet. These results suggest that feeding FM with barley, which is high in both degradable carbohydrate and protein, might benefit ruminants more than feeding FM with corn, which is high in degradable carbohydrate but relatively low in degradable protein.  相似文献   

16.
1. This study investigated the net disappearance of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) from soybean meal and rapeseed meal in different sub-sections of the ileum of hens. A basal diet was used and in another 4 diets, maize starch contained in the basal diet was replaced with soybean meal or rapeseed meal at 140 and 280 g/kg so that changes in dietary AA concentrations resulted from the oilseed meals only. 2. A total of 250 Lohmann Brown pullets were used for this experiment at 20 weeks old and given one of the 5 diets for 7 d. The section between Meckel's diverticulum and 2 cm anterior to the ileo-caecal-colonic junction was taken after slaughtering the hens and cut into three sub-sections of equal length. Digesta were taken separately from each sub-section and then frozen. Net disappearance of AA and CP for the diets and the two protein sources was calculated based on standard equations and using a multiple linear regression approach. 3. Net disappearances of CP and all AA were significantly lower in the proximal sub-section than in the central and terminal sub-sections. Also, the net disappearance of CP and all AA from rapeseed meal was significantly lower in the proximal sub-section than in the central or terminal sub-sections. For soybean meal, only the net disappearances of arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and phenylalanine were significantly lower in the proximal than in the terminal sub-section. No significant differences in the net disappearance of CP and AA were detected between protein sources within the central and terminal sub-sections or between the central and terminal sub-section within each protein source. Soybean meal had a significantly higher net disappearance of CP and AA (with the exception of cystine and methionine) than rapeseed meal in the proximal sub-section but these differences were not statistically significant in the central and terminal sub-sections. 4. Amino acids disappeared from the proximal region of the ileum. This needs consideration in standard approaches that are used for measuring AA digestibility. There is a variation in AA digestibility between soybean meal and rapeseed meal. The ranking of individual AA regarding their digestibility is different between the two oilseed meals.  相似文献   

17.
不同外源寡糖对崂山奶山羊瘤胃微生物区系的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本试验旨在研究不同外源寡糖对奶山羊瘤胃微生物区系的影响。试验选用 6只平均体重为(32.80±2.45)kg、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的崂山奶山羊,采用分期分组试验设计。各组羊饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)以及分别在基础饲粮中添加 1%甘露寡糖(MOS组)、半乳甘露寡糖(GMOS组)、寡木糖(XOS组)、低聚异麦芽糖(IMO组)、果寡糖(FOS组)的试验饲粮。共进行4期试验,每期 23d,其中预试期 14d,正试期 9d。于晨饲前(0h),晨饲后 2、4、6、8h以及晚饲前(晨饲后 10h)采集瘤胃液,测定瘤胃液中细菌总数以及纤维素分解菌、原虫和真菌数量。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组瘤胃液细菌总数趋于增加,仅晨饲前 MOS组显著提高(P<0.05);试验组瘤胃液纤维素分解菌数量有所提高,其中 MOS组(0h)、GMOS组(0、2、4h)、FOS组(0、2、4h)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组瘤胃液原虫数量有所提高,其中 MOS组(2和 4h)、XOS组(4h)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组瘤胃液真菌数量有所提高,其中GMOS组和 FOS组(0h)极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),MOS组(2h)、IMO组(2h)、FOS组(2h)、MOS组(4h)、FOS组(6h)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。细菌总数、纤维素分解菌和原虫数量呈先下降后上升趋势,真菌数量呈先上升后下降趋势。本试验条件下,添加不同外源寡糖对瘤胃微生物影响有所差异,其中甘露寡糖、半乳甘露寡糖和果寡糖对瘤胃液纤维素分解菌、原虫和真菌的增殖作用较明显。  相似文献   

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