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黑龙江省大豆主要病虫害防治的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
危害黑龙江省大豆的病害有 2 5种 ,虫害 2 1种 ,对大豆危害较重的病虫害有大豆孢囊线虫病、根腐病、灰斑病、大豆食心虫 ,近年来又有一种新的病害大豆疫霉根腐病。为了更好的防治这些病虫害 ,对其开展了病害发生规律、生理小种监测、遗传抗性和综合防治技术等方面研究。1 大豆灰斑病菌生理小种监测及抗源筛选1.1 生理小种鉴定与监测大豆灰斑病是黑龙江省主要病害 ,一般减产10 %～ 15% ,重发生年减产 50 % ,该病属气传间歇性流行 ,其病原菌生理分化现象十分明显 ,生理小种变化较频繁 ,导致部分抗病品种的抗性丧失。目前已选出一套鉴别寄主 … 相似文献
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大豆灰斑病菌(Cercospora sojina Hara)在黑龙江省东部三江平原低湿地区发生危害较重。根据我所几年来试验结果和生产调查,严重发病时大豆产量损失达30%,个别可达50%。选育抗病品种是解决大豆灰斑病危害的有效途径。我所从1976年开始进行大豆灰斑 相似文献
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大豆对主要病害多抗性种质资源鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年黑龙江省生产上大豆病害发生严重,已成为影响大豆高产、优质的限制因素之一,调查、发现、了解大豆生产上病害发生危害情况,筛选和培育抗病品种是控制病害危害的最经济有效途径。本试验大量收集了国内外大豆资源材料,分别鉴定各品种（系）对大豆灰斑病、疫霉病和根腐病的抗性,然后进行双抗和多抗性鉴定。共筛选出3份抗灰斑病和疫霉病的双抗资源,筛选出3份抗根腐病和疫霉病的双抗资源,筛选出2份抗病毒病和灰斑病的双抗资源。为抗病育种提供了宝贵的多抗亲本。 相似文献
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以田间自然发病条件鉴定的方法对198份材料进行了灰斑病的抗性鉴定,鉴定筛选出了叶、籽实发病均轻的材料61份。试验证明,大豆品种资源中灰斑病抗源较丰富,在抗源利用上有较大的选择性。目前三江平原生产应用品种均不抗病。大豆叶部灰斑病对耔实产量影响很大,呈极显著的负相关。叶部灰斑病与耔实灰斑病呈极显著正相关。圆叶及圆叶紫花材料中灰斑病多数较轻。对大豆灰斑病抗源筛选工作和后代选择进行了讨论。 相似文献
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大豆抗灰斑病种质资源筛选与创新杨庆凯（东北农业大学，哈尔滨１５００３０）一、大豆抗灰斑资源筛选与创新的意义大豆灰斑病（ＣｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒａｓｏｊｉｎａＨａｒａ）是东北大豆主产区特别是黑龙江大豆的主要病害之一。５０和６０年代，仅在黑龙江东部低湿地区流行... 相似文献
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黑龙江省大豆主要病害研究进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
大豆孢囊线虫病、根腐病、灰斑病、病毒病、疫霉病是世界性大豆病害 ,也是黑龙江省大豆主要病害 ,严重危害黑龙江省大豆生产。查阅了大量文献综述了 5种病害的研究进展。通过对 1990～ 2 0 0 0年这 5种病害的危害情况、生理小种鉴定、抗病资源筛选、品种抗病机制及病菌致病机制、综合防治等方面研究进展的综述 ,笔者从宏观角度提出了一些建议性的观点。 相似文献
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黄淮地区为我国第二大豆主产区,为经济、安全、有效地防治病虫害,提高大豆产量和质量,介绍了大豆霜霉病、灰斑病、花叶病毒病、孢囊线虫病、细菌性斑点病、银纹夜蛾、豆天蛾、食心虫和蚜虫的症状及其防治措施,并概述了地下害虫(小地老虎、蛴螬、蝼蛄、金针虫)的防治方法。 相似文献
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Jung-Kyung Moon Soon-Chun Jeong Kyujung Van M. A. Saghai Maroof Suk-Ha Lee 《Euphytica》2009,169(3):375-385
Soybean plants react differentially to soybean mosaic virus (SMV) strains because of interactions among different resistant
genes in the soybean genome. Three independent genes resistant to SMV have been identified by inheritance studies and linkage
analyses. To develop durable SMV-resistant soybean cultivars, it is necessary to determine which soybean SMV resistance genes
can be readily transferred from resistant to susceptible cultivars in a breeding system. Here, we report the type and number
of resistance gene(s) in four Korean elite soybean cultivars using a combination of disease reaction symptoms, inheritance
studies, and molecular marker mappings. The disease reactions of Sowonkong and Keunolkong soybean varietals in response to
infection with SMV strains suggested that both cultivars most likely harbor the Rsv1 gene similar to that in York. Subsequent inheritance studies confirmed that Sowonkong has the Rsv1 gene. The inheritance studies suggested that Sinpaldalkong harbored the Rsv1 gene, which was then confirmed by molecular marker mapping. The inheritance studies also suggested that Jinpumkong 2, which
is the most resistant to SMV infection among the four cultivars, contained the Rsv1 and Rsv3 genes; this was confirmed by molecular marker mapping. Our approach, which combined inheritance studies and molecular linkage
analyses, allowed the efficient identification of resistance gene(s) in four Korean soybean cultivars. 相似文献
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为了筛选获得稳定抗细菌性斑点病种质和挖掘有效抗病基因,本研究以野生型大豆ZYD00006与‘绥农14’构建的全基因组回交导入系群体为试验材料,利用高压喷雾法接种丁香假单胞杆菌Psgneau001进行细菌性斑点病抗病性鉴定。运用复合区间作图法(composite interval mapping,CIM)进行细菌性斑点病QTL定位,并针对定位区间进行基因功能注释和相关抗病基因的筛选和预测。结果表明:QTL分析共检测到6个位点与抗病相关(qbsd-D1a-1,qbsd-A1-1,qbsd-C2-1,qbsd-A2-1,qbsd-D2-1,qbsd-D2-2);分别位于1号(LG D1a)、5号(LG A1)、6号(LG C2)、8号(LG A2)、17号(LG D2)染色体上。经基因注释和筛选共获得41个候选基因,它们多与富含亮氨酸重复序列受体蛋白(LRR protein)相关。本研究通过QTL初定位明确了大豆细菌性斑点病相关区间,为进一步精细定位和分子标记辅助育种提供科学依据。 相似文献
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大豆疫霉根腐病作为影响大豆生产的毁灭性病害之一,对大豆生产威胁很大。种植抗疫霉根腐病的大豆品种是控制该病害最有效的途径。河南省位于我国黄淮夏大豆产区的腹地,具有大豆疫霉根腐病发生的潜在威胁。本研究的目的是对河南省新育成的大豆品系进行抗性鉴定和抗病基因分子标记检测,以明确大豆新品系对大豆疫霉根腐病的抗性水平和抗病基因。采用下胚轴创伤接种法对64个河南省培育的大豆新品系进行接种,鉴定其对2个具有不同毒力的大豆疫霉分离物PsJS2和Ps41-1的抗性。结果显示,对分离物Ps41-1和PsJS2抗病的分别有35个和16个品系,对Ps41-1和PsJS2为中间反应型的分别有16个和10个品系,其中对2个分离物均抗病的有16个品系,占鉴定品系的25%。使用抗疫霉病基因RpsZheng共分离标记WZInDel11进行新品系的基因型鉴定发现,对2个大豆疫霉分离物均抗病的16个品系中有13个含有标记WZInDel11,对1个或2个大豆疫霉分离物表现为中间反应型的5个大豆品系,分子检测结果表明,其为杂合基因型,这些品系中的纯合抗病单株可直接选育成纯合抗病品系用于抗病育种。综合系谱分析结果推测,有2个品系可能含抗疫霉根腐病基因RpsZheng,2个品系可能含RpsYD29,14个品系可能含有RpsZheng或其等位基因。表明河南省培育的大豆新品系中含有优异的大豆疫霉根腐病抗源,该研究结果将为病害防控和抗病品种的选育提供参考。 相似文献
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ZHANG Xue-Cui SUN Su-Li LU Wei-Guo LI Hai-Chao JIA Yan-Yan DUAN Can-Xing ZHU Zhen-Dong 《作物学报》1962,47(2):275-284
Phytophthora root rot is one of the destructive diseases affecting soybean production, which is a great threat to soybean production. Planting resistant soybean cultivars is the most effective way to control this disease. Henan province was located in the hinterland area of the summer-sowing soybean production region of Huang-Huai in China, which had the potential threat region of phytophthora root rot. The objective of this study was to screen effective resistance cultivars for disease control and resistance breeding by phenotypic identification and molecular detection of resistance gene. Sixty-four new soybean lines bred in Henan were evaluated for their resistance responses to two Phytophthora sojae isolates PsJS2 and Ps41-1 using the hypocotyls inoculation technique. The result showed that 35 lines and 16 lines were resistance to Ps41-1 and PsJS2, respectively. Sixteen lines and 10 lines were intermediate to Ps41-1 and PsJS2, respectively. And there were 16 lines resistance to both Ps41-1and PsJS2, accounting for 25% of tested lines. Sixty-four lines was detected for Phytophthora resistance gene by using molecular marker WZInDel11 co-segregating with a resistance gene RpsZheng. The results showed that, 13 of 16 lines resistant to both PsJS2 and Ps41-1 contain target band of WZInDel11, while 5 lines resistant to one of two P. sojae isolates show segregating to P. sojae produced heterozygous bands. The homozygous resistant plants of these lines segregating for resistance could be accurately detected by marker WZInDel11, and further were directly developed into homozygous resistant lines. Combining the results of pedigree analysis, it was speculated that two lines might contain the resistance gene RpsZheng, two lines might contain RpsYD29, and 14 lines might contain RpsZheng or its allele. In conclusion, the results indicated that the new soybean lines cultivated in Henan Province had excellent resistance sources to P. sojae. This study provides important information for disease control and resistance breeding. 相似文献
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Flowering is one of the most important processes involved in crop adaptation and productivity. A number of major genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for flowering have been reported in soybean (Glycine max). These genes and QTLs interact with one another and with the environment to greatly influence not only flowering and maturity but also plant morphology, final yield, and stress tolerance. The information available on the soybean genome sequence and on the molecular bases of flowering in Arabidopsis will undoubtedly facilitate the molecular dissection of flowering in soybean. Here, we review the present status of our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of flowering in soybean. We also discuss our identification of orthologs of Arabidopsis flowering genes from among the 46,367 genes annotated in the publicly available soybean genome database Phytozome Glyma 1.0. We emphasize the usefulness of a combined approach including QTL analysis, fine mapping, and use of candidate gene information from model plant species in genetic and molecular studies of soybean flowering. 相似文献
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20世纪20年代,植物学家Garner与Allard在研究大豆与烟草等植物的光反应时发现了植物光周期现象。大豆作为模式植物对光周期现象的理论形成起了重要作用。但大豆基因组的复杂性及与相关功能基因关系的不明确性严重阻碍了学者对大豆光周期现象本质的认识。近年来,随着控制大豆生育期主要QTL基因的相继克隆,特别是对大豆生育期贡献最大的E1基因的成功破译,学者们逐步认识到大豆光周期调控开花的独特性。遗传学及分子生物学研究表明,大豆中具有拮抗关系的E1和FT基因位于大豆光周期调控开花主要通路的中心节点(integrator),但两者间的作用机制及相关的调节因子尚待明晰。对大豆光周期反应及生育期基因的深入研究,在生产实践上可为大豆品种的栽培区划、合理布局及分子育种等提供理论依据。 相似文献
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