共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 200 毫秒
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《林业工程学报》2016,(2)
为实现制浆材化学成分含量的快速测定与实时分析,用常规方法测定了120个制浆材样品的综纤维素、聚戊糖、酸不溶木素及苯醇抽出物含量,并采集了样品的近红外光谱。对原始光谱进行多元散射校正后,运用偏最小二乘法和交互验证的方法,根据主成分数与PRESS值的关系,确定最佳主成分数分别为9,10,8,9,据此建立样品相关化学成分含量的校正模型。独立验证中综纤维素、聚戊糖、酸不溶木素和苯醇抽出物模型的决定系数R2val分别为0.918 8,0.949 3,0.946 6和0.928 4,预测均方根误差(RMSEP)分别为0.70%,0.75%,0.72%和0.24%,相对分析误差(RPD)值分别为3.50,4.44,4.33和3.74,绝对偏差(AD)分别为-0.95%~1.22%,-1.42%~1.29%,-1.39%~1.14%和-0.34%~0.39%,4个校正模型较好地预测了验证集样品的化学成分含量,基本满足制浆造纸工业中快速测定的需求。 相似文献
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采集了常见制浆材(桉木、相思木及杨木)样品的近红外光谱,测定了样品的基本密度、综纤维素、木质素和苯醇抽出物含量,用人为控制水分的方法测定了样品的水分含量。对原始光谱进行预处理后,分别运用偏最小二乘法(PLS)、LASSO算法、支持向量机法(SVR)和人工神经网络法(BP-ANN)建立基本密度、水分含量、综纤维素、木质素和苯醇抽出物含量的预测模型。对预测模型进行独立验证,结果显示:LASSO算法建立的基本密度和综纤维素模型性能最优,其预测均方根误差(RMSEP)分别为0.006 3 g/cm~3和0.49%,绝对偏差(AD)范围分别为-0.008 8~0.009 6 g/cm~3和-0.85%~0.87%;PLS建立的水分含量模型及苯醇抽出物模型最优,RMSEP值分别为1.21%和0.24%,AD范围分别为-1.99%~2.03%和-0.35%~0.38%;SVR建立的木质素模型最优,RMSEP值为0.43%,AD范围为-0.76%~0.74%,均满足制浆造纸工业中对误差的要求。 相似文献
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紫竹因其竹竿色泽能永久保存、竹材工艺性能优良而广泛用于制作竹制品.对一年紫,二年紫和三年紫3种变异类型的紫竹分别截取1年生、3年生和5年生竹龄的竹杆分梢部、中部和基部3处部位进行综纤维素、多戊糖、木质素、苯醇抽出物、1%NaOH抽出物和热水抽出物的化学成分分析,探求紫竹材加工利用及化学利用的合理采伐类型.结果表明:紫竹杆综纤维素、多戊糖、木质素、苯醇抽出物、1%NaOH抽出物和热水抽出物含量范围分别为73.22%～77.85%、14.05%～15.99%、20.31%～24.72%、1.50%～5.73%、23.85%～32.29%和3.63%～8.02%;其平均含量分别为75.24%、15.02%,22.75%、3.22%、27.11%和5.61%.紫竹不同变异类型间综纤维素和木质素平均含量差异极显著;不同竹龄间综纤维素、木质素和苯醇抽出物平均含量差异极显著. 相似文献
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杞柳的化学成分及其木质素微区分布的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用传统的化学成分测试方法和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜技术(CLSM)研究了杞柳的化学成分以及木质素在各细胞及纤维细胞各微区的分布,分析了株高不同部位化学成分的变异规律。结果表明:杞柳的1%Na OH抽提物、热水抽提物、冷水抽提物、苯醇抽提物、综纤维素、α-纤维素、酸不溶木质素、酸溶木质素、多戊糖和灰分分别为32.11%、10.85%、7.11%、3.27%、70.46%、35.50%、20.18%、4.50%、15.51%、0.90%;在不同部位,除了α-纤维素和多戊糖含量差异不显著,其余各指标均差异显著;木质素在各细胞及纤维细胞各微区分布不均一,导管细胞壁木质素浓度高于木纤维和射线,纤维细胞角隅处木质素浓度高于次生壁和复合胞间层。 相似文献
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为构建棕榈藤材材性数据库,提升棕榈藤材高附加值加工利用水平,文章以高地钩叶藤为研究对象,对其主要化学成分含量进行测定和分析。结果表明,高地钩叶藤材综纤维素、酸不溶木质素、α-纤维素、半纤维素、苯-醇抽提物、热水抽提物、冷水抽提物、1%NaOH抽提物及灰分含量的均值分别为67.98%、16.72%、43.91%、24.38%、9.78%、18.85%、15.02%、38.60%和1.46%。径向上,综纤维素、α-纤维素、酸不溶木质素及灰分含量均为藤皮>藤中>藤芯;而半纤维素、冷水抽提物、热水抽提物、苯-醇抽提物及1%NaOH抽提物含量均为藤芯>藤中>藤皮。轴向上,综纤维素、α-纤维素、酸不溶木质素及灰分含量最大值均在中部,而半纤维素及4种抽提物含量最大值均在梢部。酸不溶木质素和α-纤维素含量最小值在梢部,综纤维素、半纤维素及灰分含量最小值在基部,冷水抽提物、苯-醇抽提物及1%NaOH抽提物含量最小值均出现在基部以上2 m处,而热水抽提物含量最小值在中部。 相似文献
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对大叶、厚荚、卷荚、马占和黑木等5种不同品系相思木材的灰分、综纤维素、α纤维素、半纤维素、1%NaOH抽出物、苯醇抽出物、多缩戊糖、木质素、相对结晶度等主要化学组成及变异进行了系统的研究,揭示了5种不同品系间相思木材主要化学组成的变异及差异性。研究结果表明:在5种品系的相思木材中大叶相思、厚荚相思和马占相思木材具有基本相同的化学组成;而厚荚相思与卷荚相思、黑木相思之间,马占相思与卷荚相思之间以及卷荚相思与黑木相思之间的主要化学组成均存在不同程度的差异显著性。大叶、厚荚、卷荚、马占和黑木相思木材的综纤维素含量分别为:71 25%、70 84%、75 47%、72 38%和71 77%;α纤维素含量分别为:45 30%、46 47%、50 15%、46 48%和43 99%;木质素含量分别为:22 83%、24 12%、18 54%、21 98%和20 77%;相对结晶度分别为:58 74%、43 36%、43 42%、39 74%和41 89%;1%NaOH抽出物含量分别为:22 02%、21 20%、22 73%、22 00%和26 20%;聚戊糖含量分别为:22 98%、21 20%、24 68%、23 20%和24 72%;苯醇抽出物含量分别为:5 78%、5 38%、6 13%、6 20%和6 25%。 相似文献
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紫茎泽兰茎秆中的10种物质含量测定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用非木质造纸原料成分分析法对紫茎泽兰茎秆中的10种物质含量进行了测定。结果表明,其茎秆中水分含量为10.00%~11.60%,灰分含量为3.54%,冷水抽提物含量为28.25%,热水抽提物含量为32.40%,苯醇抽提物含量为12.50%,1%氢氧化钠抽提物含量为52.40%,酸不溶木素的含量为17.84%,聚戊糖的含量为13.14%,综纤维素含量为51.81%,纤维素含量为26.45%。与松树、玉米等木本和草本植物相比,紫茎泽兰与之有着类似的物质组成特征。 相似文献
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用褐腐真菌茯苓按常规栽培方法对木材进行降解,对比研究了正常材和不同腐朽程度木材化学组成之间的差异,用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)对样品进行表征.结果发现,腐朽初期,综纤维素和戊聚糖的含量及纤维素结晶度随腐朽时间的延长逐渐降低,木质素和1%NaOH抽出物的相对含量却逐渐升高.当腐朽进行到15周时,综纤维素含量、戊聚糖含量和纤维素结晶度分别由正常材的72.80%、14.95%和40.3%下降到18.57%、8.58%和16.1%,木质素含量和1%NaOH抽出物含量分别从27.30%和12.89%增加到43.88%和70.07%.之后,随着腐朽时间的延长,木材的组成几乎保持不变.FTIR结果证实了相同的变化趋势. 相似文献
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马尾松木材化学组分的遗传控制及对木材育种的意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文利用 1 3年生马尾松子代测定林的 2 0个自由授粉家系的木材试样 ,着重研究木材化学组分的遗传学问题。研究结果表明 ,木材化学组分、基本密度和生长性状在家系间的差异都达到了极显著水平 ,并受中等至强度的遗传控制。在 6个木材化学组分中 ,灰分、戊聚糖和 1 %NaOH抽出物含量的遗传力较高 ,木质素、综纤维素和热水抽出物含量的遗传力稍低。生长性状与木材密度呈显著的负相关 ,而与木材化学组分相关性很小 ,似相互独立。遗传相关认为灰分和热水抽出物含量可分别作为综纤维素和木质素的间接选择指标。由于综纤维素和木质素含量在家系间的绝对差异较小 ,仅为 2 %～ 3% ,对选育的实际意义不大。可选择综纤维素含量高的优株进行无性繁殖加以利用 相似文献
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利用3个22年生马尾松初级种子园自由授粉家系1.3 m、5.3 m和10.0 m 3个高度圆盘,研究3个家系纵向木材化学组分的变化规律。结果表明:综纤维、酸不溶木素、冷水抽提物、热水抽提物、苯醇抽提物、1%NaOH抽提物、灰分和水分等8个化学组分含量指标在树干纵向高度间差异显著。纤维素、综纤维、酸不溶木素、热水抽提物、苯醇抽提物、1%NaOH抽提物、灰分和水分等8个化学组分含量均随着树干高度的增加不断下降。混合取样数据接近整株化学组分的平均水平,因而宜采用混合样分析马尾松化学组分变化。不同家系木材化学组分的纵向均匀性以169号最好,159次之,162最差。 相似文献
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Eglin T Maunoury-Danger F Fresneau C Lelarge C Pollet B Lapierre C Francois C Damesin C 《Tree physiology》2008,28(11):1619-1628
From June to December, we determined the effects of variations in biochemical composition on delta(13)C of tree rings of 2-year-old oaks (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) growing under semi-natural conditions, and the dependence of these effects of water stress during the growth season. Percent abundance, carbon concentration and delta(13)C were measured in holocellulose, lignin, extractive-free wood, starch and a water-soluble fraction. Relative concentrations of lignin and holocellulose in the extractive-free wood varied little during the season or in response to water stress, indicating that these compounds could not quantitatively explain the variations in whole-wood delta(13)C. Among all sampled tree rings, the relative concentration of each structural compound (holocellulose and lignin) accounted for less than 5% of the delta(13)C variability in whole wood. Variations in holocellulose and extractive-free wood delta(13)C between tree rings were almost identical (r > 0.95), whereas variations in lignin delta(13)C were less well correlated to these compounds. Whole-wood delta(13)C had a slightly altered isotopic signal compared with that of the structural compounds because of the presence of the extractive component. These results showed that variations in lignin delta(13)C and lignin concentration have little influence on extractive-free wood delta(13)C and whole-wood delta(13)C. Rather, holocellulose influences delta(13)C the most. Thus, we confirmed that, for climatic reconstruction from tree rings, removal of extractives by soxhlet is generally sufficient and sometimes unnecessary. Our findings also indicate that, in the case of rapid and severe water stress, the structural component did not accurately record the associated increase in delta(13)C because of dilution with previously formed organic matter and cessation of trunk growth. The effect of drought on carbon isotope ratios was more pronounced in the extractive compounds, making them good water stress indicators but only on a scale of days to months. 相似文献
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Determination of quality parameters such as lignin and extractive content of wood samples by wet chemistry analyses takes
a long time. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate calibration offers a fast and nondestructive alternative
to obtain reliable results. However, due to the complexity of the NIR spectra, some wavelength selection is generally required
to improve the predictive ability of multivariate calibration methods. Pinus brutia Ten. is the most growing pine species in Turkey. Its rotation period is around 80 years; the forest products industry has
widely accepted the use of Pinus brutia Ten. because of its ability to grow on a wide range of sites and its suitability to produce desirable products. Pinus brutia Ten. is widely used in construction, window door panel, floor covering, etc. Determination of lignin and extractive content
of wood provides information to tree breeders on when to cut and how much chemicals are needed for the pulping and bleaching
process. In this study, 58 samples of Pinus brutia Ten. trees were collected in Isparta region of Turkey, and their lignin and extractive content were determined with standard
reference (TAPPI) methods. Then, the same samples were scanned with near-infrared spectrometer between 1,000 and 2,500 nm
in diffuse reflectance mode, and multivariate calibration models were built with genetic inverse least squares method for
both lignin and extractive content using the concentration information obtained from wet standard reference method. Overall,
standard error of calibration (SEC) and standard error of prediction (SEP) ranged between 0.35% (w/w) and 2.40% (w/w). 相似文献