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1.
东海条石鲷仔鱼耳石日轮与生长的关系 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
2009年4月15日-5月5日在浙江省舟山水产研究所条石鲷(Oplegnathus fasciatus)人工繁殖期间,逐日选择胚胎和仔鱼样本,连续解剖观察发育后期胚胎和前期仔鱼,光镜观察仔鱼矢耳石和微耳石的形态、日轮数,测定其直径,研究条石鲷的耳石日轮和生长。结果表明,受精后约26h,条石鲷胚胎听囊内出现1对矢耳石和1对微耳石;仔鱼孵出第2天形成第1个轮纹,之后每天形成1轮,孵化后天数(N)和矢耳石日轮数(D)的关系为N=D+1;在第8天左右,矢耳石上出现第2条明显的标记轮,为初次摄食轮。仔鱼耳石长径(rs,μm)与鱼体体长(L,mm)呈线性相关,其关系式为rs=18.146L-44.436;矢耳石长径rs与微耳石长径rl之间存在线性相关,其关系式为rs=0.6125rl+1.9882。根据结果确认,矢耳石轮纹可作为条石鲷仔鱼日龄的判别依据。 相似文献
2.
3.
１９９５年对内蒙莫力庙水库的大银鱼耳石日轮与生长进行了研究。大银鱼人工受精卵孵出仔鱼、剖出其听囊内一时圆形矢耳石，其制片在光镜下观察，耳石形态经历了由圆形、椭圆形到梨形的变化过程。耳石长半径与鱼体长呈线性相关，其关系式为Ｙ＝４．７９８ｘ－２０．８８７（ｒ＝０．９６５０，Ｐ＜０．０１）。孵出后第二天耳石上出现第一个日轮，正常条件下，每天形成一轮。孵化后天数可用耳石日轮数加１表示，其表达式为Ｄ＝Ｎ＋１，耳石上的日轮数变幅为２６７－３４５。日轮间距有规律性变化，依据日龄和相关体长、体重资料进行了大银鱼生长特性研究。 相似文献
4.
以中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)亲鱼为材料,在实验室养殖条件下以人工孵化的丰年虫(Eubranchipus vernalis)为仔、稚鱼饵料,通过已知日龄法观察其耳石的微结构,分析其日轮形成特征。结果表明,仔、稚鱼的微耳石和矢耳石一般由1个中心核和1个耳石原基组成,少数存在多个中心核或原基现象,星耳石中心核和原基区分不明显。微耳石和矢耳石中心核直径分别为(37.73±5.34)μm和(39.78±7.11)μm,耳石原基直径分别为(16.29±3.46)μm和(17.09±3.88)μm。矢耳石和星耳石轮纹清晰度、规律性、周期性和完整性不及微耳石;微耳石第1条日轮在仔鱼出膜后第2天形成,以后每天沉积1轮。30日龄稚鱼微耳石轮纹数(N)与日龄(T)的关系符合直线模型,相关关系式为:N=1.0016T-0.8753(R2=0.9961,P<0.01,n=197),线性方程斜率与1无显著性差异(P>0.05)。在微耳石和矢耳石样本中共观察到孵化标记轮和转移标记轮2种,其中孵化标记轮的出现率分别为78.68%和83.33%,转移标记轮的出现率分别为29.95%和48.98%。60尾33日龄稚鱼微耳石的生长轮宽度变化范围0.522~2.244μm,平均为(1.087±0.231)μm。 相似文献
5.
研究中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)耳石的发育和生长特征,补充早期生物学资料,为进一步研究该鱼野生资源的早期生活史特征提供基础数据。在实验室养殖条件下观察了乌江中华倒刺鲃仔、稚鱼及3种耳石的形态发育过程和生长特点。结果表明,在水温(26.0±2.1)℃下,初孵仔鱼微耳石和矢耳石已经形成,星耳石在仔鱼出膜后第6天出现。在形态发育过程中,微耳石由出膜时的近圆形经卵圆形发育成贻贝形,且中心核位置偏移到前端靠近背侧;矢耳石由近圆形经卵圆形发育成箭矢状;星耳石由逗号形发育成不规则四边形。3种耳石形态发育的各阶段与鱼体发育阶段存在一定的对应关系。在生长上,仔稚鱼鱼体、3种耳石的长径和短径与日龄均呈显著的线性关系(P0.001),鱼体全长与3种耳石长径呈现出显著的线性关系(P0.001),仔稚鱼鱼体、3种耳石的特定生长率随日龄增加均呈下降趋势。 相似文献
6.
大黄鱼仔稚鱼不同发育阶段矢耳石形态发育和微结构特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对人工培育大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)的生长发育与矢耳石形态及微结构特征进行研究,结果表明:(1)大黄鱼矢耳石上的轮纹是每日形成的,第1日轮在孵化后第2天形成,与其初次摄食相对应。(2)大黄鱼卵黄囊期和前弯曲期仔鱼的耳石形态为圆形,进入弯曲期耳石长轴迅速伸长,在后弯曲期耳石形态变为椭圆形。进入稚鱼期,矢耳石开始形成次生核。随后次生核数量逐渐增加,在孵化后47～78 d的个体中,次生核数量稳定在5～7个,耳石近似盾形。(3)根据耳石日轮宽度推算的大黄鱼稚鱼在其仔鱼期生长率(b)与第1个次生核的形成时间(tsp1)之间存在明显的线性关系,表明生长较快的个体形成次生核的时间较早,进入稚鱼期所需的时间更短。以上结论表明,大黄鱼矢耳石可以反演其早期生活史阶段的生长发育特征。 相似文献
7.
月鳢仔鱼耳石的荧光标记及其日轮确证 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用茜素络合物对体长(9.99±0.56)mm的月鳢(Channa asiatica)仔鱼耳石进行浸泡标记试验。结果表明,经荧光显微镜检测,80 mg/L、100 mg/L和120 mg/L的溶液浸泡24 h后均可以在月鳢仔鱼的耳石上形成橘红色标记环,星耳石、微耳石和矢耳石的标记率均为100%;其中,以星耳石标记环荧光强度最大,且在普通光学显微镜下也可观察到紫红色标记环。经100 mg/L和120 mg/L溶液浸泡后,月鳢仔鱼在其后饲养阶段出现较高的死亡率,显示高浓度茜素络合物溶液对月鳢仔鱼有一定毒性。标记后星耳石上的新增轮纹数(N)和饲养天数(D)密切相关,其线性方程为:N=0.9291D-0.2974(R2=0.9793,n=64,P<0.01),斜率0.9291与1无显著差异(P>0.05),表明星耳石上的生长轮即为日轮。研究表明,在追踪月鳢仔鱼迁移行为时,可采用80 mg/L的茜素络合物溶液对其星耳石进行染色标记。 相似文献
8.
南海东沙群岛海域圆鲹属鱼类矢耳石的形态特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该研究对采集于中国南海东沙群岛105尾圆鲹属鱼类[长体圆鲹(Decapterus macrosoma)、泰勃圆鲹(D. tabl)、无斑圆鲹(D. kurroides)]的矢耳石形态进行了观察与测定。圆鲹属鱼类矢耳石呈长椭圆形,基叶发达,种间差异明显。长体圆鲹基叶前端略微向下弯曲;泰勃圆鲹耳石背部脊突发育明显,呈锯齿状,基叶前端略宽厚;无斑圆鲹耳石整体轮廓较光滑,翼叶发育不明显。根据形态指标(耳石长、耳石宽、基叶长、基叶宽、耳石质量、耳石面积等)对不同种圆鲹属鱼类(长体圆鲹、泰勃圆鲹、无斑圆鲹)的判别成功率分别为100%、100%、91.7%。研究结果表明矢耳石可作为鉴别圆鲹属鱼类的一种材料。 相似文献
9.
10.
基于耳石和角质颚微结构的中国枪乌贼年龄与生长比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国枪乌贼(Uroteuthis chinensis)是我国近海头足类渔业的重要物种,为研究中国枪乌贼的耳石和角质颚在其年龄鉴定中的应用,根据2016年4月南海北部陆架区采集的中国枪乌贼样本,对其耳石和上角质颚的微结构进行观察,并建立基于角质颚和耳石的日龄与胴长的关系。结果显示,胴长与角质颚和耳石的日龄呈线性关系;耳石和角质颚生长纹相似,由明暗相间的环纹组成,但耳石的生长纹较上角质颚生长纹清晰,在耳石和角质颚上均发现有日轮和亚日轮,且都有标记轮,但耳石标记轮比角质颚标记轮多样。耳石轮纹和角质颚轮纹与胴长都呈线性相关关系。研究对比两者表明,角质颚微结构上生长纹会出现叠加沉积导致其轮纹数不完整,而且中国枪乌贼个体小,生长纹叠加多,更加难以观察,因此,耳石更适合作为中国枪乌贼的年龄鉴定的材料。 相似文献
11.
Mikimasa Joh Taihei Matsuda Nobukazu Satoh Nobuyuki Tanaka Yoshiyuki Ueda 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(5):773-783
Brown sole Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini larvae and juveniles were reared to validate daily otolith ring formation. At 15°C, a check (a distinct ring) formed on the
sagittae and lapilli at 6 days after hatching, and clear increments regularly formed outside the check. For both otoliths,
the relationship between the number of days after hatching and number of increments was linear, and the slope of the line
was approximately 1; therefore, daily formation was validated. At 12°C, the check formed on the lapillus 8 days after hatching.
Accessory primordia (AP) began forming on the sagittae of metamorphosing larvae, and the shape of the sagittae became complicated.
AP were not formed on the lapillus; concentric rings were formed throughout larval and juvenile stages. Wide and obscure increments
formed on the lapilli during metamorphosis (metamorphosing zone, MZ). Based on MZ, concentric rings that have formed on the
lapilli of juveniles can be separated into larval and juvenile rings. The morphs of large juveniles’ lapilli were bilaterally
asymmetric, and the blind-side lapilli were most suitable for otolith microstructure analysis. This study provides fundamental
information for otolith microstructure analysis in wild brown sole. 相似文献
12.
Larval size heterogeneity is known to induce cannibalism, and procedures to avoid larval size differences are consequently implemented already during egg incubation and hatching. We investigated the relation between larval development variability, size heterogeneity and cannibalism in pikeperch. Larvae were sorted into five groups according to the time of hatching during a 65‐h period. The larvae with different times of hatch were then reared separately or together during an 18‐day period. Late hatched larvae were longer (P=0.003) and had less yolk remaining (P<0.001) than early hatched individuals at the time of hatching. However, on 11 days post fertilization, the late‐hatching larvae tended to have larger yolk reserves than earlier hatched individuals (P=0.07). Furthermore, the next day, a lower proportion in the late fraction had switched to exogenous feeding (P=0.024). That larvae with a late hatching time developed slower suggests a positive relationship between the hatching time and the embryonic developmental rate. However, differences in the length and available yolk reserves at hatching between larval fractions with different hatching times suggest that hatching is not strictly associated with a specific developmental stage, and that factors other than the development rate of the embryo are involved in the timing of hatching. 相似文献
13.
Francisco Javier Sánchez Rosa Cal Juan José Otero María Jesús Lago Castora Gómez José Iglesias 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(11):1729-1733
For the first time, a spontaneous spawning of hake was recorded in Spain in April 2009. The spawn was obtained from broodstock kept in captivity for two years at the facilities of the Spanish Institute of Oceanography in Vigo (NW Spain). Eggs were transparent, spherical and had an average diameter of 1.067 ± 0.024 mm; yolk occupied the majority of egg volume. The oil droplet had a diameter of 0.27 ± 0.03 mm. The incubation period of the eggs lasted for 4 days at 14°C and the duration from hatching to the total absorption of the yolk sac was between 5–7 days after hatching, at the same temperature. Newly hatched larvae had an average total length of 3.20 ± 0.13 mm and began feeding 6 days after hatching; a daily growth rate of 0.158 mm day‐1 was observed from hatching to yolk sac consumption. This paper describes the daily evolution of biometric and morphological characteristics of the different stages of embryos and larvae of European hake up to the age of 19 days. 相似文献
14.
Hideaki Yamada Masayuki Chimura Kimio Asami Taku Sato Masato Kobayashi Atsushi Nanami 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1141-1146
Microstructures of lapilli were examined for reared larvae and juveniles of black-spot tuskfish Choerodon schoenleinii. Lapilli of larvae at 1 day after hatching have one diffuse and obscure ring with an otolith radius of 4.3 ± 0.50 μm (mean ± SD,
N = 8). The slope and intercept of the regression between the number of days after hatching and increment counts did not differ
significantly from one and zero, respectively, indicating that lapillus increments were formed on a daily basis after hatching.
There was an ontogenetic shift in the relative values of somatic and otolith growth, which corresponded to the transition
from pelagic larvae to settlement stage. Simultaneously, the daily increment width reached the maximum value. These findings
suggest that age at maximum value of increment width can be used as an indicator of the planktonic larval duration while settlement
mark is not found. Since ontogenetic shift in the relationship between otolith radius and body size was observed, back-calculation
of somatic growth in black-spot tuskfish using the otolith radius during the early life stages should be analyzed with caution,
and the method requires further validation. 相似文献
15.
饥饿对白甲鱼(Onychostoma sima)仔鱼摄食、生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在实验室条件下,采用观察、测量记录外部形态特征等方法研究了饥饿胁迫下白甲鱼(Onychostoma sima)仔鱼的摄食、生长、形态和存活的变化。结果显示:在水温(20±1.5)℃时,饥饿组和投喂组白甲鱼仔鱼在孵化后第4天开始摄食,初次摄食率为48%,第6天初次摄食比率达到100%。饥饿组仔鱼抵达饥饿不可逆点(PNR)的时间为13.5 d,50%累计死亡率出现时间基本上与PNR出现时间相同(13.5 d),表明第13.5天为白甲鱼早期发育中较为敏感的阶段。试验期间,饥饿仔鱼体重、体长、眼间距和体高分别在第6、7、11和12天后均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验结束(16 d)时饥饿组仔鱼体重、体长和眼径的瞬时增长率均显著低于摄食组(P<0.05),而头长、体高和眼间距差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明饥饿对仔鱼生长发育起延迟作用,混合营养期延迟投喂,仔鱼生长发育水平明显低于正常投喂仔鱼。 相似文献
16.
Lipid Nutrition and Feeding of Cobia Rachycentron canadum Larvae 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
This study examined the fatty acid composition of cobia Rachycentron canadum eggs and yolksac larvae, as well as the ovaries of wild caught females as an initial guide to lipid nutritional requirements. A 2-wk feeding study also was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of four dietary treatments on the growth and survival of cobia larvae. Cobia eggs in the tailbud stage contained 31.4 ± 1.3 μg lipid/egg. After hatching, the amount of lipid decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from 28.3 ± 0.3 to 23.2 ± 0.1 μg lipid/larvae during the yolksac larval stage (days 1 to 3 after hatching). Ovaries from wild caught adults and captive spawned eggs and yolksac larvae contained high levels of PUFAs with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid (ARA) accounting for approximately 80% of the total suggesting that cobia larvae may have a high dietary requirement for these fatty acids. For the feeding study, larvae were fed: 1) Artemia only; 2) enriched rotifers for 1 d only + microparticulate diet (day 313); 3) enriched rotifers for 3 d (day 3–5) + Artemia (day 3–13); and 4) enriched rotifers for 6 d (day 3–8) + Artemia (day 3–13). Cobia larvae began feeding on rotifers 3 d after hatching and on newly hatched Artemia nauplii by the fifth day following the onset of exogenous feeding (day 7). On day 7, no differences in larval growth were found among larvae fed rotifers for 3 versus 6 d, whereas larvae fed only Artemia or rotifers for I d followed by microparticulate diet were significantly smaller (P < 0.05) and did not survive beyond day 9 and 13, respectively. The results of the feeding study indicate that cobia larvae require rotifers for a minimum of 4 d following the onset of exogenous feeding. 相似文献
17.
Taizo Nishikawa Masato Aritaki Daisuke Shimizu Toshihiro Wada Masaru Tanaka Masatomo Tagawa 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):827-831
The mechanism underlying malformation during flatfish metamorphosis is not clear. Here, the relationship between growth before
metamorphosis and the occurrence of malformation after metamorphosis was examined in individuals reared in a single tank.
Otoliths of starry flounder Platichthys stellatus larvae were labeled with alizarin complexone before metamorphosis [12 days after hatching (DAH)]. The positive linear regression
between the lapillus otolith diameter and body length at 12 DAH enabled the estimation of individual larval size after completion
of metamorphosis. At 12 DAH, the average body length of the typical pseudoalbino juveniles was significantly greater (5.37 mm)
than that of the normal juveniles (5.13 mm) (P < 0.01, n = 100). In addition, of the larvae that were estimated to measure less than 4.8 mm at 12 DAH, approximately 80% metamorphosed
into normal juveniles, whereas more than 60% of the larvae that measured more than 5.4 mm became pseudoalbino juveniles. These
results indicate that the larvae that grow rapidly during the first 12 days are more likely to become pseudoalbino individuals
after metamorphosis. 相似文献
18.
《水生生物资源》2000,13(1):29-35
This paper describes the suitability of a closed recirculation system to study the development of fish larvae in a strictly controlled environment, where only feeding was varied (fed, starved, delayed and late fast treatments). The system served both as an incubator and hatchery. The time variation of physical and chemical parameters together with survival and growth of reared sea bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax) were studied over the first month of life. The recirculation design allowed for the maintenance of levels of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate below those cited as responsible for mortality or decreased feeding ability in other marine fish larvae. Almost no larval mortality occurred in the fed larvae from day 9 after hatching. The starved group of larvae showed a sharp decline in survival after 16 days of food deprivation. Larvae for which feeding was delayed until day 13 ceased dying 4 days after food was supplied. Fast feeding on days 24 and 25 had no effect on larval survival. Growth in length was similar during the first 2 weeks of larval life regardless of feeding treatment. Two days of late fast had no effect on larval growth. Growth patterns of fed larvae in this study were similar to those reported for larvae reared in flow through systems. We believe that survival and growth of the reared larvae was a direct function of diet, and that the type of rearing system did not adversely affect these parameters. The rearing design and the results obtained suggest that future nutritional studies of field-collected larvae will benefit from this kind of rearing experiment. 相似文献
19.
Awatef Trabelsi Jean‐Noël Gardeur Fabrice Teletchea Jean Brun‐Bellut Pascal Fontaine 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(4):657-666
Based on the analysis of 11 morphometric variables of body (total length, body area and perimeter, myotome height and eye diameter) and yolk sac (length, height, area, perimeter and volume) of pike larvae, the aim of this study was to evaluate how larval size at hatching and growth of larvae hatched from single egg batches vary according to three hatching times: early, mid and late. Hatching time structures strongly pike larval morphometrics. Early hatched larvae have smaller body sizes at hatch, faster growth and higher yolk use efficiency than late hatched ones. Early hatched larvae seem to be premature and hatch at precocious developmental stage whereas late hatched individuals continue their growth within the egg shell and hatch at larger size but with lower reserves (yolk). A compensatory growth phase was observed for the early hatching pike larvae particularly during the first 5 days post hatch. Consequently, no significant difference in body parameters was recorded from day 10 post hatching whatever the hatching time. The higher growth accomplished by early hatched larvae may be related to a particular metabolic activity that converts more efficiently yolk into body tissues. 相似文献
20.
饥饿对点带石斑鱼饵料转换期仔鱼生长和发育的影响 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
在盐度29、水温27.8~28.8℃的条件下,进行点带石斑鱼仔鱼饥饿实验,确定仔鱼初次摄食饥饿不可逆点(PNR);观察饥饿条件下点带石斑鱼饵料转换期(初孵仔鱼,5、8、10、15和20日龄)的存活与生长、油球利用、鳍棘生长和游泳行为的变化。结果表明:点带石斑鱼从初次摄食到PNR期仅2~3d,这个耐受饥饿的时间临界点发生在孵化后的第5天,即转入外源性营养的第3天。在饥饿条件下初孵仔鱼,5、8、10、15和20日龄仔鱼的全部死亡时间分别为7 d、3 d、4 d、3 d、4 d和6 d;半数死亡时间分别为5 d、1.5 d、2 d、1.5 d、2d和3.5d,说明5日龄和10日龄是点带石斑鱼早期发育中最为敏感的阶段。饥饿会延缓初孵仔鱼对油球的利用。随着饥饿时间的延长,仔鱼的生长与正常条件下仔鱼的生长差异显著(P<0.05)。饥饿仔鱼体长较短,头大且体瘦,长期饥饿后脑后部下陷;行为变化表现为表层集群游动觅食,游动缓慢,反应迟钝和静伏底。 相似文献