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以宁夏7个葡萄品种为试材,研究了不同果实品种间单粒质量、果实纵经、果实横径、果粒大小、果形指数、总糖、还原糖、可滴定酸、单宁、总酚等品质指标的差异性、相关性,并进行主成分分析。结果表明:方差分析显示不同葡萄品种间品质性状指标含量差异明显,7个葡萄品种变异程度很大,变异系数为4.43%~73.30%;相关性分析显示各品质指标间除了有差异还存在着一定的相关关系;主成分分析表明,12个品质性状可以综合为3个主成分,前3个主成分累计贡献率达到90.07%,葡萄品质性状变异相对丰富,累计贡献率较为集中,12个指标均为评价葡萄果实品质的主要性状。 相似文献
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以98份野生软枣猕猴桃种质资源为试材,采用变异系数、多样性指数、相关性、主成分和聚类分析方法,研究了果实表型性状的多样性,探索了黑龙江省野生软枣猕猴桃种质资源果实表型性状的变异特点和多样性,以期为野生软枣猕猴桃优良种质筛选和品种选育提供参考依据.结果 表明:8个果实质量性状变异类型多,其中果实形状、果喙形状、果肉颜色、果心颜色和果心横切面形状等变异范围较大.Shannon-weaver多样性指数(H')变化范围为0.646～1.689,其中果实形状、果肉颜色、果喙形状的多样性指数较高.7个数量性状中,变异系数范围为13.82％～36.34％,以单果质量的变异系数最大,果实横径和果实侧径的变异系数较小;H'指数为1.353～1.467.相关性分析结果表明,果实数量性状间大多存在显著或极显著相关性,以单果质量与果实三径相关系数较大.主成分分析结果表明,3个主成分的累计贡献率为82.322％,反映了果实大小及质量指标.结合相关性和主成分分析,果实性状可作为野生选优的重要指标.聚类分析可将98份资源分为7类,第1、2类果实大小及质量均较大,可作为遗传改良的优良资源;第3类和第4类的果实综合性状表现中等,可作为野生驯化的资源;第5类果大,可用于培育大果品种;第6类果实长椭圆形,可用于培育长果品种;第7类果实具有红皮、红心特征,可作为特异资源用于新品种培育和杂交亲本.综上分析,黑龙江省野生猕猴桃果实表型性状变异类型丰富、变异幅度大且程度高,遗传多样性丰富,育种选择潜力大. 相似文献
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为建立一套适合甜樱桃果实贮藏品质评价的方法,为优质甜樱桃品种推广提供理论参考。以萨米脱和美早为试验材料,对果实贮藏相关品质指标进行测定,并进行主成分分析。结果表明,在0~4℃条件下,两个甜樱桃品种果实的综合评价指标F值均呈先平稳变化再急剧下降的变化趋势。萨米脱的F值在贮藏7天时为正值,美早的F值在贮藏前35天为正值。说明萨米脱果实在低温贮藏条件下的最长贮藏期限为7天,美早果实的最长贮藏期限为35天。根据甜樱桃果实品质综合得分,美早贮藏期间的品质远高于萨米脱。主成分分析表明,3个主成分的累积贡献率为84.67%,决定第1主成分大小的主要是果实横径、中果柄粗度、下果柄粗度、单果重和种子重量;决定第2主成分大小的主要是果柄长度和种子横径;决定第3主成分大小的主要是果实硬度和种子纵径。 相似文献
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二花槽杏是邹平县林业局于 1 993年从邹平山区杏资源中选育出的优良早熟杏品种 ,自然坐果率高、成熟早、丰产性强、耐贮运 ,深受人们喜爱。现将其品种特性及栽培要点介绍如下。1 品种特性1 .1 果实经济性状 果实扁圆形 ,平均单果重 1 0 0g,最大 1 62g。果面洁净光滑 ,底色橘 相似文献
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‘金魁’猕猴桃果实品质的主成分分析与综合评价 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
【目的】为了建立一套适合‘金魁’猕猴桃果实品质评价的方法,并为优质高效猕猴桃园建设与栽培管理提供参考依据,【方法】对奉新县境内15个不同园地的‘金魁’猕猴桃的9个果实品质指标进行测定,应用隶属函数法对各项指标进行转化,采用DPS v7.05软件进行主成分分析,以前3个主成分作二维散点图分析,以主成分贡献率为权重计算样品前4个主成分值与相应权重之积的累加和,得到综合分值。【结果】主成分分析结果显示,前4个主成分的累积贡献率为87.84%,决定第1主成分大小的主要是可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、糖酸比、果形指数;决定第2主成分大小的主要是干物质含量、可滴定酸、固酸比;决定第3主成分大小的主要是维生素C、固酸比、可溶性固形物;决定第4主成分大小的主要是单果质量、维生素C;二维排序图揭示了不同园地‘金魁’猕猴桃前3个主成分的分布情况;15个不同园地‘金魁’猕猴桃果实品质综合评价结果为:MY8、MY13、MY7、MY10综合果实品质较优,MY4、MY1、MY11、MY9、MY6综合果实品质中等,MY5、MY12、MY2、MY3、MY14、MY15综合果实品质较差。【结论】本研究找出了‘金魁’猕猴桃果实品质综合评价的4个主成分,揭示了不同园地‘金魁’猕猴桃果实品质的差异。 相似文献
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选择球茎高度、球茎横径、球茎脐部凹陷程度、单个球茎质量、小区产量、大果比例6个荸荠主要农艺经济性状,通过大田试验,对105份荸荠种质资源进行了观测和综合评价。变异分析表明,荸荠大果比例、球茎脐部凹陷程度、小区产量变异系数较大,达26.7%~65.4%;相关分析表明,各性状间存在一定程度的相关性;主成分分析表明,前3个主成分累积贡献率达92.996%,分别代表了球茎大小、球茎脐部特征和产量因子,并根据综合得分筛选出24份荸荠优异种质;筛选出的优异资源经聚类分析,分为综合性状优异的凹脐品种类型和平脐品种类型、某些性状存在缺陷的凹脐类型和平脐类型。 相似文献
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五味子种质资源果实性状的种内变异研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用常规考种法调查五味子的各数量性状及质量性状,以液相色谱法测定药效成分含量,以期揭示五味子种质资源果实不同性状的变异规律及各性状的相关性,为五味子的种质资源收集和品种选育提供实践指导和理论支持。结果表明:五味子种质资源果实各质量性状均存在较大变异,果实颜色除红色类型外,还存在黄色的变异类型。果穗重、果粒重等数量性状及不同药效成分含量亦存在较大变异,部分数量性状及药效成分间存在一定的相关性。因此得出,基于五味子果实性状的广泛变异及相关性,进行五味子种质资源收集及品种选育,必须兼顾各性状与药效成分含量间的关系。 相似文献
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1990年在辽这省果树所李、杏圃,选择34个鲜食杏品种,于果实成熟期从树上随机采摘不同 部位果实,及外围延长枝春稍第5～7片叶,分别进行性状调查,各性状均以20为基数计算其平均 值,做为该性状的类型值.对杏叶和果实的重量、纵径、横径、形态指数进行了相关性和显著程度的分析.结果表明,34个杏品种中叶片重量与果实重量之间,叶片纵径与果实纵径之间,叶片横径与果实横径之间均达到了极显著正相关(r分别等于0.6894**,0.4842**,0.7502**),叶形指数与果实指数之间也呈显著正相关(r=0.3936*).统计分析结果与调查观测中所见到的现象趋于一致;同时也进… 相似文献
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对119份瓠瓜种质的8个主要果实性状进行了主成分分析与聚类分析。结果表明,119份瓠瓜种质的ShannonWeaver多样性信息指数在0.394 8~2.063 6之间,8个果实性状存在较广泛的遗传多样性,其中以果实形状、皮色和单瓜质量的多样性最丰富。主成分分析结果表明,第一、第二、第三、第四主成分的贡献率分别为37.24%、23.33%、14.71%、9.44%,其累计贡献率达到84.72%。聚类分析结果表明,可以将119份瓠瓜种质分为两大类群,分别包含62份和57份种质,其中第一大类群在品质和外观方面均表现较好,可作为瓠瓜育种的基础材料。 相似文献
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试验以16份辣椒种质为材料，对其12个植株和果实性状进行相关性及因子分析。相关性分析结果表明：果长、果宽、果柄长、胎座剖面横径、果肉厚、单果质量相互之间存在显著或极显著正相关：始花节位与株高呈显著正相关；植株开展度-2与果宽、胎座剖面横径、果肉厚、单果质量之间呈显著负相关。因子分析结果表明：12个性状可以缩减为4个公因子，累计方差贡献率达92．435％；采用方差最大正交旋转法进行因子旋转，按各变量载荷值的大小将4个公因子分别命名为果实性状、植株开展度、叶片和熟性因子。在辣椒育种中，可以按照育种目标对上述公因子或其分量进行单独选择。 相似文献
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The effect of in-row spacing on the vegetative and productive performance of 4-year-old ‘Conference’ (CON) and ‘Williams’ (WIL) pear trees was studied. Analysis of digital images was used to estimate canopy growth and conformation. Fruit quality was determined by measuring fruit weight, flesh firmness, peel color, soluble solid content, and titratable acidity. WIL produced more and more efficiently than CON, especially at closer spacings. WIL canopies were generally bigger than CON canopies, and reduced spacing penalized stem growth and influenced canopy conformation. Root growth and conformation was similar for both cultivars, whereas decreasing in-row spacing reduced root dry weight, length, volume, and spread area only in WIL. Also, WIL trees partitioned more to fruit and leaves compared to CON, and increasing spacing resulted in a relative shift toward vegetative growth. CON fruit was smaller but sweeter and less acidic than WIL fruit. Increasing spacing influenced negatively WIL fruit quality parameters, with the only exception of fruit weight, which was increased. For the range of in-row spacing considered, our results indicate that WIL may represent a more efficient and competitive option than CON for high-density plantings, at least in the early stages of orchard life. 相似文献
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Ixchel M. Hernandez Craig D. Stanley Xin Zhao 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(1):103-112
During strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) freeze protection, the standard practice is applying sprinkler irrigation on plant canopies to prevent and reduce freezing damage. This method is highly inefficient because it uses large volumes of water. The overall goal of this study was to compare the effects of freeze protection methods on water savings, and growth and fruit weight of strawberry. Treatments consisted of the following: sprinkler heads delivering 17 L?min–1, sprinkler heads delivering 13 L?min–1, light-weight row covers (21 g?m–2) on the crop canopy, light-weight row covers on 60-cm-high mini-tunnel hoops, heavy-weight row covers (31 g?m–2) on the crop canopy, heavy-weight row covers on 60-cm-high mini-tunnel hoops, and foliar application of a polymer (Desikote). There were eight freezing and near freezing nights (≤1.1 °C) at the experimental site during both seasons with a minimum air temperature of –2.8 °C. Minimum temperature inside the row covers ranged between 0.6 to 4.4 °C at the canopy level. There were significant treatment effects on early and total marketable fruit weights. The highest early marketable fruit weight was found in plots protected with light-weight row covers with hoops, heavy-weight row covers on canopy, and foliar polymer, ranging between 5.0 to 5.5 t?ha–1. For total marketable fruit weight, using non-irrigation methods resulted in the highest fruit weight with 23.0 t?ha–1. In conclusion, data showed that using non-irrigation techniques provided satisfactory freeze protection under the evaluated conditions and increased total marketable fruit weight, possibly due to reduced injury of fruits and flowers when using alternative techniques. 相似文献
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A. Tombesi E. Antognozzi A. Palliotti 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):339-350
SummaryThe effect of leaf area index (LAI) on canopy growth, light interception, yield, fruit growth and quality and return bloom of kiwifruit were examined in 1990 and 1991. Different LAIs were obtained in the 1990 season with defoliation treatment made precociously at different intensities, in a diffuse way, uniformly in the whole canopy. At the end of canopy development LAIs of 3.6,3.3,3.1,2.6 and 1.8 were obtained and evaluated. The kiwifruit vines with a bud load of 680?700 and LAIs of 3.3 and 3.6 in 1990, showed an optimum and constant yield (>90 kg per vine), good average fruit weight (>100 g) and high fruit quality in both years, and also good return bloom the following season. The reduction of LAI to 2.6 and 1.8 drastically reduced, in the year of LAI imposition, both yield (?18.5% and ?30%, respectively) and mean fruit weight (?18.6% and ?29.1%, respectively) compared with vines with an LAI higher than 3.1. In the same treatments, the soluble solids concentration in the fruit was significantly decreased and a great reduction in numbers of fruiting shoots and numbers of fruits per fruiting shoot were observed in the year following the LAI imposition. In vines with the same bud load, fruit number and an LAI of 3.1, small variations in yield and fruit weight in the year of defoliation treatments were recorded, but in the following season the yield was significantly reduced (?14 kg per vine) due mainly to a decrease in the number of fruiting shoots (?14%). In kiwifruit vines with low LAI (2.6 and 1.8) nearly all fruits present in the canopy ripen, with no significant fruit drop. At low LAI, the sink strength of the fruit was greater and more extended so that vine growth and the plants reserves were restricted. Under the conditions of this experiment, an LAI higher than 3.3, corresponding to a leaf area-fruit ratio higher than 600 cm2 per fruit, is necessary to obtain regular vine growth and yield, optimum fruit size and quality and return bloom the following season. 相似文献
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LED灯对设施栽培瓜果类蔬菜产量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用红蓝组合(2∶3)LED灯对设施栽培蔬菜全生育期进行补光处理,研究其对不同蔬菜坐果率以及产量的影响.研究结果表明,LED灯补光处理能不同程度地提高供试蔬菜作物的坐果率;可显著增加瓜类蔬菜的主蔓雌花数,提高其单果质量和667 m2产量,其中节瓜最为显著,其单果质量和每667 m2产量分别提高5.3%和15.6%;LED补光处理对茄子影响也较明显,单果质量和每667 m2产量分别提高7.6%和7.8%,但对番茄和辣椒影响不明显. 相似文献
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日光温室基质袋培番茄东西垄向栽培模式研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在滑盖式现代节能日光温室采用基质袋培方式开展了番茄东西垄向栽培模式研究,通过分析番茄不同垄向栽培的冠层小环境、植株长势、产量、品质指标,探讨日光温室番茄东西垄向栽培模式产量形成影响因素。结果表明:当栽培密度相同时,与南北垄向相比,东西垄向番茄冠层辐射量和冠层空气温度较高。东西垄向EW-4处理(2.9株· m~(-2))、南北垄向SN-1处理(2.9株· m~(-2))和SN-3处理(2.9株· m~(-2))的茎粗、叶面积、叶面积指数及地下部干质量无显著差异。EW-4处理株高比SN-3处理显著提高13.07%;地上部干质量为473.10 g,分别比SN-1和SN-3处理显著降低19.26%和6.86%;平均单果质量和单位面积产量均显著高于SN-1和SN-3处理;果实可溶性固形物含量高于SN-1和SN-3处理。东西垄向不同栽培密度处理中,EW-1处理(2.2株· m~(-2))植株冠层辐射量较高,EW-4处理冠层空气温度较高。EW-5处理(3.3株· m~(-2))的株高和叶面积指数明显高于其他处理;EW-4处理叶面积及地上部干质量较大;EW-1处理地下部干质量显著高于其他处理。产量方面,EW-3处理(2.6株· m~(-2))的平均单株产量和单位面积产量分别为3.68 kg ·株~(-1)和9.57 kg · m~(-2),明显高于其他处理。各处理番茄果实可溶性糖、有机酸、VC含量和糖酸比均无显著差异。通径分析结果表明平均单果质量和平均单株产量对不同垄向袋培番茄单位面积产量有直接影响。综上,在滑盖式日光温室内,基质袋培番茄采用东西垄向栽培时产量高于南北垄向,以东西垄向栽培密度为2.6株· m~(-2)进行生产可得到较高产量。 相似文献