共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
应用高光谱数据定量反演查干湖水质参数研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
湖泊水质下降和富营养化问题日益严重,传统监测方法已经日益不能满足水质监测的需要。该文通过野外高光谱仪器测定查干湖水体反射光谱,分析研究水体反射光谱特征与水质参数叶绿素a含量、透明度和浊度之间的关系,运用多种半经验算法建立反演模型。结果表明:单波段光谱反射率与叶绿素a和浊度的相关系数较小,但与透明度相关系数较高;光谱反射率通过对数、比值转换,可以有效的提高叶绿素a和浊度估测模型的精度,却对透明度作用不大。总体来说,叶绿素a和浊度估测模型效果较好,透明度高光谱估测模型相对较差,需进一步研究。 相似文献
2.
焉耆盆地土壤盐渍化的光谱特征分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
土壤盐渍化是干旱区/半干旱区常见的一种土地退化现象,加强对土壤的盐渍化遥感调查和监测有利于盐渍土壤的改良和利用。高光谱波段众多、光谱信息丰富,在识别和定量演算盐渍土壤盐分含量上具有较大的优势。为了推进高光谱遥感数据在土壤盐渍化监测中的应用,本文以焉耆盆地部分地区为研究区域,通过野外调查以及实地测点,利用便携式光谱仪测量研究区域内不同盐渍程度的土壤光谱,分析土壤光谱曲线与土壤盐渍程度之间的关系,从而为今后的高光谱遥感的盐渍化监测打下基础。 相似文献
3.
查干湖水质污染分析及控制途径 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解查干湖水质现状,于2009年4月与7月分别对查干湖进行了水质监测,分析了平水期与丰水期的水环境动态变化规律,并从自然因素与人为活动两方面进行了原因分析;同时利用单因子评价与级别功能评价法对查干湖进行了现状评价,认为查干湖在丰水期矿化度较高,确定主要污染因子是CODmn、TN和TP;最后提出要从灌区水资源有效利用（... 相似文献
4.
艾比湖湿地自然保护区水质分析与评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
艾比湖湿地作为国家级自然保护区,对其泉水、人工恢复湿地水、浅层水、河水、湖水进行水质监测,利用单污染指数法评价单因子对环境产生的等效影响程度,采用综合指数法评价水质综合质量现状.分析评价结果表明:人工恢复湿地、浅层水、河水、湖水检测项目存在不同程度超标现象,泉水检测项目基本满足<地表水环境质量标准>(GB3838-20... 相似文献
5.
叶绿素含量是评估棉花生长状况的重要参数,估算叶绿素含量对于棉花生长监测具有重要意义。以渭北旱塬区种植的棉花为试验材料,测量全生育期棉花叶片SPAD值与冠层反射率光谱,将原始高光谱反射率、一阶微分光谱反射率、不同波段组合的遥感光谱参数分别与SPAD值做相关性分析,用传统回归分析方法构建五种重要光谱参数的SPAD值预测模型,同时,采用PLSR方法建立全生育期SPAD值的估算模型。最后对模型进行检验,筛选出精度最高的模型。建模结果表明,基于多种光谱参数的全生育期PLSR预测模型精度最高、预测效果最好,估算模型的决定系数R~2为0.733,验证模型R~2为0.737。PLSR方法建立的多光谱参数的SPAD值估算模型预测效果显著,利用高光谱技术对棉花SPAD值进行监测,可为全生育期棉花长势遥感监测提供依据。 相似文献
6.
以人工调配的不同含水量土壤的高光谱数据为基础,运用11种常规的变换方法对原始光谱反射率进行变换,使用连续投影算法(SPA)提取特征波段,然后建立多元线性回归(MLR)模型,并对不同模型进行评价比较,旨在选择监测土壤含水量的最佳高光谱模型,实现土壤含水量高光谱监测。结果表明,随着土壤含水量的增加光谱反射率先升高后降低;使用SPA提取的特征波段为3~5个,且不同变换处理后提取的特征波段存在差异。利用特征波段建立MLR回归模型,表明原始光谱经一定数学变换处理可以提高土壤含水量高光谱监测精度,其中对数的一阶微分变换处理(T_8)后建立的SPA-MLR模型监测精度最高,其校正模型表现为R~2=0.957,RMSE=2.16,RPD=4.74,验证模型表现为R~2=0.903,RMSE=3.41,RPD=2.95。故基于反射率对数一阶微分变换处理所建立的SPA-MLR模型可以更好地实现土壤含水量的高光谱监测。 相似文献
7.
基于无人机成像高光谱的棉叶螨为害等级估测模型构建 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为快速、实时、准确地了解新疆棉田棉叶螨（优势种为土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani）的发生情况,利用高光谱图像中的7种植被指数,使用一般线性回归分析方法分别构建不同棉叶螨为害等级棉花冠层叶片叶绿素相对含量（用soil and plant analyzer development（SPAD）值表征）遥感估测模型和棉叶螨为害等级遥感估测模型,实现棉叶螨为害的实时监测。结果显示：不同棉叶螨为害等级对应的棉花冠层光谱反射率存在明显差异,棉叶螨为害等级与棉花冠层叶片SPAD值呈显著负相关关系。在7个不同棉叶螨为害等级对应的棉花冠层叶片SPAD遥感估测模型中,SPAD-红边归一化植被指数估测模型的估测决定系数为0.915,均方根误差为3.451,识别精确度显著高于其他模型。表明利用棉花冠层叶片SPAD遥感估测模型可快速无损地获取棉叶螨为害数据,构建的棉叶螨为害等级估测模型可用于植保人员快速准确获取棉叶螨为害情况。 相似文献
8.
用HR-768型光谱仪,实地测定塔里木河下游不同地下水埋深条件下胡杨叶片高光谱数据及其含水率。结果表明:胡杨叶片含水率随地下水埋深下降而降低,但其实测光谱曲线对地下水埋深梯度变化并无明显的响应规律。用ENVI软件去除实测光谱数据包络线后,得出1455nm附近胡杨叶片归一化光谱曲线对地下水埋深梯度变化具有明显的响应规律。采用相关系数法分析所测光谱与含水率的关系,结果表明:1466～1646nm波段是胡杨叶片光谱对水分响应的敏感波段。以1466～1646 nm波段胡杨叶片光谱水分吸收深度和实测含水率构建胡杨含水率估测模型:Y=7.309X1474-5.77X1482-0.629(R2=0.954),模型预测值与实测值的相对误差在1.02%～2.73%之间,平均相对误差为1.59%,模型精度较高。这一研究将为使用高光谱数据进行胡杨生境监测与反演提供依据。 相似文献
9.
利用遥感技术监测胡杨叶片的叶绿素含量可以为林地经营管理、胡杨资源保护利用提供快速及时的信息。利用ISI921VF-512野外地物光谱辐射计实地测定了胡杨生长季节6月至10月每月塔里木河上游天然胡杨叶片393-1095nm可见-近红外波段的高光谱数据以及叶片叶绿素含量,并对叶片叶绿素含量与光谱反射率进行了相关分析,建立了基于高光谱指数的胡杨叶片叶绿素估测模型。结果表明:一元线性模型中,鲜重叶绿素a,b,a+b含量与高光谱指数NDVI705的相关性均达到了极显著水平,且在十三种高光谱指数里相关系数r最大;同时建立了由鲜重叶绿素a,b,a+b含量与高光谱指数的多元线性回归模型;为胡杨生理状态与健康状况评价提供了理论依据。 相似文献
10.
亚洲玉米螟为害后玉米冠层光谱变化和产量损失研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2006年在河北农林科学院植保所农场夏播高感亚洲玉米螟的玉米品种郑单958上,于大喇叭口期人工接种2龄玉米螟幼虫以造成不同梯度为害,利用便携式遥感光谱仪(ASD FieldSpec UV/VNIR)在玉米不同生育期收集冠层光谱信息,调查食叶级别,并在收获时统计蛀孔率和产量。结果表明:(1)各生育期食叶级别和对应生育期内的冠层光谱反射率值呈显著负相关,且各个级别之间方差分析差异显著;(2)各波段冠层光谱反射率值和每株虫孔数量的相关性分析得到相关性曲线,750～900nm相关系数较高,可作为监测的敏感波段;(3)乳熟期光谱数据、平均每株虫孔数量和产量及产量损失率之间均可建立极显著回归方程。用光谱仪所测数据估测产量损失率的精确度比用传统查虫数据估测产量损失率的精确度高,且省时省工。 相似文献
11.
MA Xiumei ZHOU Kefa WANG Jinlin CUI Shichao ZHOU Shuguang WANG Shanshan ZHANG Guanbin 《干旱区科学》2022,14(1):102-114
Hyperspectral remote sensing technology is widely used to detect element contents because of its multiple bands,high resolution,and abundant information.Although researchers have paid considerable attention to selecting the optimal bandwidth for the hyperspectral inversion of metal element contents in rocks,the influence of bandwidth on the inversion accuracy are ignored.In this study,we collected 258 rock samples in and near the Kalatage polymetallic ore concentration area in the southwestern part of Hami City,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China and measured the ground spectra of these samples.The original spectra were resampled with different bandwidths.A Partial Least Squares Regression(PLSR)model was used to invert Cu contents of rock samples and then the influence of different bandwidths on Cu content inversion accuracy was explored.According to the results,the PLSR model obtains the highest Cu content inversion accuracy at a bandwidth of 35 nm,with the model determination coefficient(R2)of 0.5907.The PLSR inversion accuracy is relatively unaffected by the bandwidth within 5-80 nm,but the accuracy decreases significantly at 85 nm bandwidth(R2=0.5473),and the accuracy gradually decreased at bandwidths beyond 85 nm.Hence,bandwidth has a certain impact on the inversion accuracy of Cu content in rocks using the PLSR model.This study provides an indicator argument and theoretical basis for the future design of hyperspectral sensors for rock geochemistry. 相似文献
12.
《干旱区科学》2015,(5)
Stable isotopic compositions(δ18O and δD) have been utilized as a useful indicator for evaluating the current and historical climatic and environmental changes. Therefore, it is vital to understand the relationship between the stable isotopic contents in lake water and the variations of lake level, particularly in Lake Qinghai, China. In this study, we analyzed the variations of isotope compositions(δ18O, δD and d-excess) in lake water and precipitation by using the samples that were collected from Lake Qinghai region during the period from 2009 to 2012. The results showed that the average isotopic contents of δ18O and δD in lake water were higher than those in precipitation, which were contrary to the variations of d-excess. The linear regression correlations between δ18O and δD in lake water and precipitation showed that the local evaporative line(LEL) in lake water(δD=5.88δ18O–2.41) deviated significantly from the local meteoric water line(LMWL) in precipitation(δD=8.26δ18O+16.91), indicating that evaporative enrichment had a significant impact on isotopic contents in lake water. Moreover, we also quantified the E/I ratio(evaporation-to-input ratio) in Lake Qinghai based on the lake water isotopic enrichment model derived from the Rayleigh equation. The changes of E/I ratios(ranging from 0.29 to 0.36 between 2009 and 2012) clearly revealed the shifts of lake levels in Lake Qinghai in recent years. The average E/I ratio of 0.40 reflected that water budget in Lake Qinghai was positive, and consistent with the rising lake levels and the increasing lake areas in many lakes of the Tibetan Plateau. These findings provide some evidences for studying the hydrological balance or water budget by using δ18O values of lake sedimentary materials and contribute to the reconstruction of paleolake water level and paleoclimate from an isotopic enrichment model in Lake Qinghai. 相似文献
13.
针对宁夏银北地区大面积土壤盐碱化监测的需要,利用实测植被冠层光谱与Landsat 8 OLI影像相结合进行土壤含盐量和pH值估测研究.对实测植被冠层高光谱与影像多光谱反射率进行倒数、对数、三角函数及其一阶微分等一系列变换,确定最佳光谱变换形式,筛选敏感植被指数和敏感波段,分别建立基于实测植被光谱与Landsat 8 O... 相似文献
14.
Lake surface area method to define minimum ecological lake level from level-area-storage curves 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SongHao SHANG 《干旱区科学》2013,(2):133-142
Lake level assessment is essential for the protection of ecosystem in shrunk or shrinking lakes. Minimum ecological lake level is the critical lake level below which there should be no human activities to further decrease the lake level, and this level can provide a certain protection for the lake ecosystem. Lake surface area method was proposed to define the minimum ecological lake storage as the breakpoint of the lake surface area-storage curve, where the curve slope equals to the ratio of maximum lake surface area to maximum lake storage. If the curve can be expressed as a simple analytical function, the minimum ecological lake storage can be calculated analytically. Otherwise, it can be calculated numerically using the ideal point method for an equivalent multi-objective optimization model that balances ecosystem protection and water use. Then the minimum ecological lake level can be estimated from the lake level-storage curve. Compared with available lake morphology analysis methods, the lake surface area method is superior in its definition of minimum ecological lake level, applicable range of lake morphology, and calculation complexity. The proposed method was applied to two representative lakes in China, including one freshwater lake (the Dongting Lake in Hunan province in Central China) and one saltwater lake (the Ebinur Lake in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in Northwest China). The estimated minimum ecological lake level for the Dongting Lake is 26.7 m, at which 31% of the maximum lake storage provides 87% of the maximum lake surface area. The result for the Ebinur Lake is 191.2 m, at which 24% of the maximum lake storage provides 54% of the maximum lake surface area. The estimated minimum ecological lake level balances the conflict between economical and ecological water uses, and can provide a relatively larger habitat for the lake ecosystem with relatively smaller lake storage. These results are rational compared with the results of other methods. The calculated minimum ecological lake level can be used in the protection of lake ecosystems and the planning and rational use of water resources in lake basins. 相似文献
15.
HuiXia CHAI 《干旱区科学》2013,5(2):188-198
Inland lakes are important water resources in arid and semiarid regions. Understanding climate effects on these lakes is critical to accurately evaluate the dynamic changes of water resources. This study focused on the changes in Sayram Lake of Xinjiang, China, and addressed the effects of climate fluctuations on the inland lake based on long-term sequenced remote sensing images and meteorological data from the past 40 years. A geographic information system (GIS) method was used to obtain the hypsometry of the basin area of Sayram Lake, and estimation methods for evaporation from rising temperature and water levels from increasing precipitation were proposed. Results showed that: (1) Areal values of Sayram Lake have increased over the past 40 years. (2) Both temperature and precipitation have increased with average increases of more than 1.8℃ and 82 mm, respectively. Variation of the water levels in the lake was consistent with local climate changes, and the areal values show linear relationships with local temperature and precipitation data. (3) According to the hypsometry data of the basin area, the estimated lake water levels increased by 2.8 m, and the water volume increased by 12.9×10 8 m3 over the past 40 years. The increasing area of Sayram Lake correlated with local and regional climatic changes because it is hardly affected by human activities. 相似文献
16.
小麦条锈病卫星与近地光谱反射率的比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过人工接种诱发小麦条锈病,在病害大面积发生后,利用ASD手持式野外光谱仪(325～1075nm)测定小麦条锈病近地冠层高光谱数据,并获取该试验田同一时相SPOT-2卫星遥感数据,进而对卫星及近地小麦条锈病光谱反射率进行比较分析.结果显示,两者在SPOT-2卫星的3个波段上表现一致;1、2波段发病区的冠层光谱反射率分别为19.02%和15.40%,比对照区的18.61%和14.90%高,而在3波段中,发病区和对照区的反射率分别为34.65%和35.90%.由此可见,3波段发病区与对照区的光谱反射率差异更大,可用3波段进行小麦条锈病卫星遥感监测. 相似文献
17.
吉林西部查干湖湖泊沉积物中元素的空间变化及其环境意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对吉林省西部查干湖湖泊沉积物中元素的空间分布特征及其潜在生态危害进行了研究。得出同吉林西部土壤中元素平均值相比,查干湖湖底表层底泥中明显富Ca、Cl、Mg、Hg、Cd,而贫K、U、Al、Co、Na、有机碳,其中Al2O3、MgO、Fe2O3、CaO、As、Hg、Cr、U、Cu、Zn、Cd、Se、Co、Ni、Th、Mn、N、P等主要来自岩石或土壤的风化作用,表层底泥中Hg、Cd、As、Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb的潜在生态危害性均很小;在湖泊沉积柱剖面中,Fe2O3、Cu、Zn、Co、Ni、Cr、Cd具有相同的变化趋势,不同沉积柱中沉积物具有相似的来源,沉积柱中重金属的潜在生态危害程度也很小,预示着在垂直方向上进入查干湖水体的重金属污染物数量也很少;查干湖的水体环境质量较好。 相似文献
18.
近百年来罗布泊最后干涸时间的评述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
罗布泊的干涸是中亚干旱地区环境变化的一个重要事件,现有研究对1921年覆水以来最后一次干涸发生的时间存在广泛争议。通过相关概念的明确和研究对象时空范围的限定,基于文献对比分析和遥感图像的重新判读,逐一分析了现有研究成果的异同;并分析了1930年代以来湖面的盈亏情况以及补给水源的变化过程。结果表明：罗布泊最后一次覆水于1962年,干涸可能发生在该年冬季,最迟不晚于次年夏季;在极度干旱的气候背景下,20世纪30年代以来的湖水存在剧烈的盈亏变化;而农业耗水规模的扩大和筑坝拦水,直接促成了最后一次干涸的发生。 相似文献