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灰飞虱是禾谷类作物黑条矮缩病、条纹叶枯病的主要传毒介体,本地大面积种植的大、小麦是灰飞虱的主要越冬场所,春季繁殖一代后,转移到玉米、水稻上传播病毒病。近年来,泰兴市麦田灰飞虱发生数量逐年增加,目前已成为大、小麦上的主要害虫,导致水稻条纹叶枯病、黑条矮缩病、玉米黑条矮缩病暴发流行,小麦条纹叶枯病、黑条矮缩病亦呈逐年加重趋势。为了明确麦田灰飞虱的发生规律及其影响种群消长的主导因子,探讨其综合控制技术,有效控制禾谷类条纹叶枯病、黑条矮缩病的危害。近几年来,我们对麦田灰飞虱的发生规律开展了广泛深入的调查研究,同时… 相似文献
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水稻条纹叶枯病的为害损失及防治指标 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2004-2006年在浙江北部系统地调查了水稻条纹叶枯病发病动态和为害损失。单季晚稻秧田期介体灰飞虱有效虫量（X2）与水稻株发病率（Y1）的关系式为Y1=0.0873 + 1.0757X2,晚稻本田株发病率（X）与产量损失率（Y）总关系式为Y=0.1254+0.7551X。在现有生产条件下,经济允许水平以损失率表示为2.0%~2.5%,制订了水稻条纹叶枯病防治指标为水稻秧苗期和本田前期介体灰飞虱有效虫量2~3头/m2,该指标已在生产上大面积推广应用。 相似文献
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水稻条纹叶枯病是一种病毒病,主要由灰飞虱传播病毒引起。该病害目前在台安县只是零星发生,但有逐年加重的趋势,已成为台安县水稻生产上不可忽视的重要病害之一。本文重点介绍了水稻条纹叶枯病的发病机理和综合防控技术,以帮助稻区农民更好地了解和防治水稻条纹叶枯病,确保水稻丰产、农民丰收。 相似文献
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水稻抗条纹叶枯病数量性状座位分析 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：17
为探明水稻品种窄叶青8号抗条纹叶枯病的数量性状座位,构建了窄叶青8号/武育粳3号F2群体的分子图谱,采用人工接种和田间自然接种两种鉴定方法,以病情指数比率为表型值,对每个F2单株衍生的F2∶3家系进行了抗条纹叶枯病鉴定。整个群体的病情指数比率均呈偏向于抗性亲本的连续性分布,表明条纹叶枯病抗性受数量性状基因的控制。进一步的QTL分析发现,两种鉴定方法所检测到的QTL完全不同,人工接种（强迫饲毒）方法仅检测到1个抗性基因位点qSTV7,其增强抗性的等位基因来源于窄叶青8号,而田间自然接种方法检测到2个抗性基因位点qSTV5和qSTV1,其增强抗性的等位基因分别来源于窄叶青8号和武育粳3号,暗示抗性亲本窄叶青8号可能携带耐病毒基因和抗灰飞虱基因,而感病亲本武育粳3号经遗传重组后,其抗性基因也得以表现。比较前人研究结果,发现检测到的QTL为新的抗条纹叶枯病基因位点,这些基因不同于抗条纹叶枯病主基因Stvb i,可为防止单一基因广泛使用造成的遗传脆弱性,提供新的抗性基因资源。 相似文献
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水稻种质资源抗灰飞虱评价及抗性机制分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过改进的苗期集团筛选法,对138份水稻种质进行了抗灰飞虱鉴定与评价。筛选出对灰飞虱具有不同程度抗性的材料25份,占总鉴定材料的181%,其中高抗种质2份,抗性种质9份,中抗材料14份,粳稻品种明显比籼稻感虫。对部分材料进行的排驱性、抗生性试验及相关分析表明,Rathu Heenati(RHT)、Mudgo、Kasalath和IR36对灰飞虱具有强的排驱性和抗生性,其抗性水平与这两种抗虫机制密切相关;道人桥、羊毛谷的抗生性强,但排驱性弱,其主要抗虫机制表现为抗生性;Dular、ASD7和密阳23对灰飞虱具有较强的排驱性和抗生性,表明排驱性和抗生性是这3个品种的重要抗性类型;DV85具有较强的排驱性,但抗生性较弱,窄叶青8号和鬼衣谷具有中等水平的抗生性和排驱性,推测这3个材料具有较好的耐害特性。中抗材料9311的抗性水平由中等排驱性和抗生性控制,V20A的抗性主要表现为排驱性,明恢63和扬粳9538的排驱性和抗生性均较弱,暗示其抗性机制主要是耐害性。上述具有强抗生性或排驱性的材料是理想的抗灰飞虱资源。 相似文献
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DUAN Can-xing ZHANG Shi-xian LEI Cai-lin CHENG Zhi-jun CHEN Qing ZHAI Hu-qu WAN Jian-min 《水稻科学》2008,15(1):36-42
One hundred and thirty-eight rice accessions were screened for resistance to the small brown planthopper (SBPH) (Laodelphax striatellus Fallén) by the modified seedbox screening test. Twenty-five rice accessions with different levels of resistance to SBPH were detected, accounting for 18.1% of the total accessions, which included 2 highly resistant, 9 resistant and 14 moderately resistant varieties. Compared with indica rice, japonica rice was more susceptible to SBPH. Antixenosis test, antibiosis test and correlation analysis were performed to elucidate the resistance mechanism. The resistant check Rathu Heenati (RHT), highly resistant varieties Mudgo and Kasalath, and resistant variety IR36 expressed strong antixenosis and antibiosis against SBPH, indicating the close relationship between resistance level and these two resistance mechanisms in the four rice varieties. Antibiosis was the dominant resistance pattern in the resistant varieties Daorenqiao and Yangmaogu due to their high antibiosis but low antixenosis. Dular, ASD7 and Milyang 23 had relatively strong antixenosis and antibiosis, indicating the two resistance mechanisms were significant in these three varieties. The resistant DV85 expressed relatively high level of antixenosis but low antibiosis, whereas Zhaiyeqing 8 and Guiyigu conferred only moderate antibiosis and antixenosis to SBPH, suggesting tolerance in these three varieties. Antibiosis and antixenosis governed the resistance to SBPH in the moderately resistant accession 9311. Antixenosis was the main resistance type in V20A. Tolerance was considered to be an important resistance mechanism in Minghui 63 and Yangjing 9538 due to their poor antibiosis and antixenosis resistance. The above accessions with strong antibiosis or antixenosis were the ideal materials for the resistance breeding. 相似文献
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DUAN Can-xing ZHANG Shi-xian LEI Cai-lin CHENG Zhi-jun CHEN Qing ZHAI Hu-qu WAN Jian-min 《水稻科学》2008,15(1)
One hundred and thirty-eight rice accessions were screened for resistance to the small brown planthopper(SBPH)resistance to SBPH were detected,accounting for 18.1%of the total accessions,which included 2 highly resistant,9 resistant and 14 moderately resistant varieties.Compared with indica rice,japonica rice was more susceptible to SBPH.Antixenosis test,antibiosis test and correlation analysis were performed to elucidate the resistance mechanism.The resistant check Rathu Heenati(RHT),highly resistant varieties Mudgo and Kasalath,and resistant variety IR36 expressed strong antixenosis and antibiosis against SBPH,indicating the close relationship between resistance level and these two resistance mechanisms in the four rice varieties.Antibiosis was the dominant resistance pattern in the resistant varieties Daorenqiao and Yangmaogu due to their high antibiosis but low antixenosis.Dular,ASD7 and Milyang 23 had relatively strong antixenosis and antibiosis,indicating the two resistance mechanisms were significant in these three varieties.The resistant DV85 expressed relatively high level of antixenosis but low antibiosis,whereas Zhaiyeqing 8 and Guiyigu conferred only moderate antibiosis and antixenosis to SBPH,suggesting tolerance in these three varieties.Antibiosis and antixenosis governed the resistance to SBPH in the moderately resistant accession 9311.Antixenosis was the main resistance type in V20A.Tolerance was considered to be an important resistance mechanism in Minghui 63 and Yangjing 9538 due to their poor antibiosis and antixenosis resistance.The above accessions with strong antibiosis or antixenosis were the ideal materials for the resistance breeding. 相似文献
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灰飞虱从冷冻病叶获得水稻黑条矮缩病毒方法的研究初报 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究出一种利用灰飞虱从冷冻病叶中获得水稻黑条矮缩病毒（rice black streaked dwarf virus, RBSDV）的方法。以-70℃条件下冷冻保存的RBSDV罹病植株叶片对灰飞虱饲毒,随后接种感病水稻品种,结果发现灰飞虱可从冷冻病叶上获得RBSDV,并传播RBSDV,且获毒能力和传毒能力与新鲜病叶没有差异。这表明从冷冻病叶上获得RBSDV的灰飞虱可以应用于品种抗性鉴定,此法可望加快RBSDV抗病品种的选育进程。 相似文献
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条纹叶枯病是水稻(Oryza sativa L.)上最严重的病害之一。STV11是从籼稻Kasalath中鉴定的条纹叶枯病抗性基因,根据Kasalath型条纹叶枯病基因STV11 KAS6个碱基缺失的功能性多态性序列差异,设计基于PCR的功能性分子标记qstv11。利用此标记对299份试验材料[5份抗病品种、5份感病品种、41份辽宁省育种材料、17份日本粳型材料、142份秋光/七山占重组自交系(群体A)、85份笹锦/Habataki//笹锦回交重组自交系(群体B)、群体亲本4份]进行基因型分析并进行抗病性鉴定。结果表明,qstv11能够较好区分抗感基因型,而且在测试材料中与条纹叶枯抗性整体呈现共分离。41份辽宁材料中鉴定出含有STV11-R(抗)材料1份;日本粳型材料该位点均为STV11-S(感);群体A和B中分别筛选出粳稻背景STV11-R型材料24份和6份。 相似文献
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Tong ZHOU Li-juan WU Ying WANG Zhao-bang CHENG Ying-hua JI Yong-jian FAN Yi-jun ZHOU 《水稻科学》2011,18(2):152-156
In order to preserve virus for identifying the resistance of rice varieties against rice black-streaked dwarf disease, a simple and reliable method was developed, through which virus-free small brown planthopper (SBPH) acquired rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) from frozen infected leaves and the virus was transmitted to healthy rice plants. The experimental results showed that SBPH could obtain RBSDV from frozen infected rice leaves and the virus could be transmitted to a susceptible rice variety. For the ability to acquire RBSDV and transmit the virus to healthy plants by SBPH, there was no significant difference between frozen infected leaves and in vitro infected leaves. The novel method could be applied to identification of rice variety resistance to rice black-streaked dwarf disease, facilitating the breeding process for rice black-streaked dwarf disease resistance. 相似文献
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水稻细菌性条斑病（以下简称细条病）在热带和中国南方已上升为一种主要病害。为探讨杂交水稻及其亲本对该病的抗性规律，笔者在国际水稻所曾用Ｘａｎｔｈｏｍｏｎａｓ ｃａｍｐｅｓｔｒｉｓＰＶ．ｏｒｙｚｉｃｏｌａ的两个菌株（９３和３３５号）喷雾接种于五个杂交组合及其亲本上。结果表明，杂交水稻对细条病表现出不同程度的抗病反应，其抗性值接近双亲平均值，且属水平抗性。杂种一 代的抗性在很大程度上决定于恢复杂的抗性水平。 相似文献
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辽宁省粳稻品种稻瘟病抗性基因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】为明确辽宁省260份粳稻品种中稻瘟病抗性基因的类型,评价抗性基因利用价值,为辽宁省水稻抗病育种提供参考。【方法】选用9个稻瘟病抗性基因的特异引物分析辽宁省已审定的260份粳稻品种抗性基因种类、基因组合类型及地域分布情况,基于抗病基因检测条带的有无进行品种聚类分析,苗期人工喷雾接种、分蘖盛期和蜡熟期田间自然发病调查,评价9个抗性单基因系的抗病性。【结果】辽宁省粳稻品种中含有抗性基因数量从0～7个不等,抗性基因Pikh检出率最高,其次是Pikm和Pi1;所有参试品种均未检测到Pi9基因,仅在辽宁省农业科学院育成的辽粳421中检测到Pi40基因。参试的水稻品种中共有62个基因组合类型。基于抗性基因检测结果进行聚类分析,可以将260份粳稻材料分为11个类群。9个抗性单基因系中,Pi40抗性最好;其次是Pi9、Pigm和Pita。【结论】抗性基因Pi40、Pi9、Pigm和Pita在辽宁省粳稻品种选育和生产上具有重要的应用潜力;参试品种的80.38%集中在第Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ和Ⅸ类群,没有明显的地域差异;参试品种抗病基因组合类型不够丰富,亲缘关系较近。 相似文献
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应用系统聚类方法筛选持久抗瘟性水稻品种 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以Tetep、Moroberekan、B40为抗、感对照，用8个抗性组分，对47个云南地方稻种资源的抗瘟性进行了系统聚类分析。结果表明，可以较好地将1996~1999年的50、27、16、11个品种分别分成6、6、4、3类。持久抗病对照品种Tetep(感~抗)分布于1、2、4类内，但较集中于第2类内；持久抗性品种Moroberekan(感~中抗)集中于第2类内；云南地方品种大白谷、毫弄早、毫玉浪每年同聚于第1类品种中，经连续几年试验，均表现出比Tetep和Moroberekan较稳定和较强的抗瘟性。第3、5、6类为感病品种，其中第3类感病对照品种B40历年与其他品种间的距离较其他品种相互间聚类距离大，属高度感病。连续4年的试验结果表明，系统聚类分析可作为水稻持久抗瘟性品种筛选的方法。 相似文献