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1.
高原鼢鼠(Eospalax baileyi)是青藏高原特有的地下啮齿动物,终生生活在封闭的地下洞道中,对地下洞道严重缺氧生境有很强的适应性。为了探究高原鼢鼠适应严重缺氧地下生境的策略,在高原鼢鼠的生境现场,测定高原鼢鼠洞道O 2、CO 2的体积分数和质量浓度,同时测定不同海拔与模拟地下洞道气体体积分数条件下高原鼢鼠的血液参数,并进行比较分析。结果表明：与大气相比,不同海拔高原鼢鼠洞道中O 2体积分数和质量浓度均显著下降,而CO 2体积分数和质量浓度均显著增加;与海拔2 700 m的高原鼢鼠洞道相比,海拔3 700 m的高原鼢鼠洞道中O 2体积分数和质量浓度显著下降,CO 2体积分数和质量浓度显著上升。洞道气体模拟组和3 700 m组的高原鼢鼠血常规参数无显著差异;2 700 m组高原鼢鼠的红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)和红细胞压积(HCT)的数目均显著低于3 700 m组,平均红细胞体积(MCV)显著高于3 700 m组。2 700 m组高原鼢鼠动脉血氧分压(Pa... 相似文献
2.
在西藏高原海拔3000米的林芝,海拔627米的四川雅安,分别对藏鸡、引入高原的白色来航和雅安白色来航鸡进行了某些生理特性研究。测定了红细胞总数,红细胞压积,血量、血红蛋白含量及其电泳分析,血清蛋白含量及其电泳分析等。测定结果表明,在高原生活的鸡隻,其红细胞总数、红细胞压积、血量、血红蛋白均明显增加,并且引入高原的白色来航对高原的适应有性别的差异。同时发现高原生活的鸡隻,出现变异血红蛋白(A_3),变异血红蛋白的数量随在高原生活的时间增长而有下降之趋势。 相似文献
3.
试验以迪庆藏猪和分布在连续海拔梯度的土著猪种(丽江猪、保山猪、德宏小耳猪)为研究对象,共采集228份血液样品,测量血液生理和血流变学指标共16项。结果显示藏猪红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)均极显著高于德宏小耳猪(P<0.01),增加了血红蛋白运氧能力。藏猪全血黏度和血浆黏度均高于低海拔德宏小耳猪(P<0.05),但藏猪红细胞聚集性极显著低于其他猪种(P<0.01),从而钝化由RBC和HGB增加带来血液黏度增加的不良影响,以适应高原低氧的环境。从4个海拔梯度看,血常规指标和血流变学指标大都呈现随海拔升高而升高的趋势,表明这两类指标与藏猪高海拔适应相关。 相似文献
4.
在海拔3000m的西藏高原林芝，用间接测定法（T1824）对引入高原的加尼福尼亚兔、中国白兔和青紫兰兔的红细胞压积、血浆容积、红细胞容积、血液总量分别测定。结果表明，红细胞压积、血浆容积、血液总量在兔品种、兔性别之间具有引入时间先后和性别的差异性，而红细胞压积差异不明显，与低海拔家兔相比都有不同程度的增加，这对引入家兔适应高海拔、低氧分压的特定生态环境具有重要意义。 相似文献
5.
在海拔3000米的西藏高原林芝，用间接测定法（T1824）对引入高原的加利福尼亚兔、中国白兔和青紫蓝兔分别测定红细胞压积、血浆容积、红细胞容积、血液总量。结果表明：红细胞压积、血浆容积、血液总量在兔品种、性别之间具有引入时间先后和性别的差异性，而红细胞压积差异不明显，但与低海拔家兔相比都有不同程度的增加；血液总量的增加主要由血浆容积的增加所致，对引入家兔适应高海拔、低氧分压的特定生态环境具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
本试验对西藏藏北高原那曲(海拔4500米)牦牛,藏南河谷林芝(海拔3000米)牦牛进行了某些高原生理特性对比研究。测定了红细胞总数、红细胞压积、血液总量、血红蛋白含量及其电泳分析、血清蛋白含量及其电泳分析等。测定结果表明,生活在高海拔的藏北那曲牦牛,其红细胞总数、红细胞压积、血液总量、血红蛋白均极明显地高于较低海拔的藏南河谷牦牛,而其红细胞容积的立方微米数值较小,红细胞内血红蛋白的平均重量较轻,并发现变异血红蛋白(A_3)。根据本文分析,其主要归因于高海拔、低氧压。雄性牦牛的变异血红蛋白数量高于雄牦牛,差异极显著(P 相似文献
7.
本试验对海拔4500米的藏北高原那曲山羊和海拔3000米的藏南山地林芝山羊进行了部分血液生理特性的对比研究。测定了红细胞总数、红细胞压积、血液总量、血红蛋白含量与电泳分析、血清蛋白含量与电泳分析等。结果表明：世居高海拔的藏北高原那曲山羊，其红细胞总数、红细胞压积、血红蛋白、血液总量均极明显高于世居较低海拔的藏南山地林芝山羊（P＜0．001），而其红细胞容积的立方微米数值较小，红细胞内血红蛋白的平均重量较轻。两个不同海拔高度藏山羊血红蛋白（Hb)均含有HbA,HbB和HbC三种变异体，显现出HbAA,HbAB,HbBB和HbAC四种基因型；并发现高海拔藏山羊HbAA,HbAC基因型频率和Hb^A,Hb^C基因频率均极显著高于较低海拔藏山羊HbBB基因型频率和Hb^B基因频率，HbAB型频率则随海拔高度的升高而下降。 相似文献
8.
用１２只青紫兰兔人工接种兔出血病病毒（ＲＨＤＶ），并于接种前，高温期及频死期分别进行红细胞数，血红蛋白，红细胞压积，红细胞平均容积（ＭＣＶ），红细胞平均血红蛋白（ＭＣＨ），红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度（ＭＣＨＣ）的测定，结果表明接种ＲＨＤＶ后的病兔呈现明显的高渗性脱水。 相似文献
9.
本试验旨在通过高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)肠道菌群移植(Fecal microbiota transplantation, FMT)方式改善高原低压、低氧导致的大鼠肠道菌群失调，并探索菌群移植对大鼠肺动脉高压及其生长性能的影响。将生活在海拔3 200 m的高原鼠兔肠道菌群移植到Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠体内，然后转移SD大鼠至低压氧舱(模拟6 000 m海拔)中饲养30 d,再进行肺动脉压肠道菌群等指标检测。结果显示FMT可显著降低SD大鼠的平均肺动脉压(mPAP),提高SD大鼠的日增重，并且降低大鼠的日采食量。16S rRNA测序结果表明，移植组大鼠肠道菌群变化显著，特别是毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)和脱硫弧菌科(Desulfovibrionaceae)。综上所述，高原鼠兔对SD大鼠的菌群移植有效地改变了大鼠的肠道菌群组成，降低了肺动脉压，且改善了大鼠的生长性能。 相似文献
10.
为了比较不同海拔地区马鹿的血液生理生化指标,试验根据马鹿生长的海拔高度将4个品种马鹿分为两组,分别为低海拔组(天山马鹿、阿尔泰马鹿)和高海拔组(青海马鹿、甘肃马鹿),采集血液后,分别测定各组12项血液生理指标和14项血液生化指标。结果表明：在12项血液生理指标中,高海拔组的血红蛋白浓度、红细胞总数、血细胞比容、红细胞分布宽度变异系数极显著高于低海拔组(P<0.01),血小板总数显著高于低海拔组(P<0.05),平均血小板体积、血小板分布宽度略高于低海拔组但差异不显著(P>0.05),平均血红蛋白含量、平均血红蛋白浓度、平均红细胞体积、红细胞分布宽度标准差、血小板压积极显著低于低海拔组(P<0.01)。在14项血液生化指标中,高海拔组的血尿素氮浓度、钙浓度、总蛋白浓度、白蛋白浓度、白蛋白/球蛋白、碱性磷酸酶活性极显著高于低海拔组(P<0.01),肌酐浓度、谷氨酰转移酶活性、总胆红素浓度、胆固醇浓度极显著低于低海拔组(P<0.01);磷离子浓度、丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性、血糖浓度、球蛋白浓度在两组之间均差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明不同海拔地区马鹿的... 相似文献
11.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
15.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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