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1.
[Objective] The aim was to study on the genetic diversity of local varieties of Chinese Hu mulberry （Morus L.）. [Method] The genetic diversity of 141 copies of Hu mulberry varieties was analyzed by ISSR molecular markers. [Result] 12 ISSR primers had amplified a total of 90 amplified,of which 57 bands were polymorphic,and the polymorphic rate was 63.33%. The genetic similarity coefficients of 141 Hu mulberry germplasm resources varied from 0.633 3 to 1.000 0 with the average of 0.483 35,indicating that there was difference on genetic diversity among different varieties of Hu mulberries. A dendrogram of all 141 Hu mulberry varieties based on the genetic similarity coefficients using ISSR molecular markers was generated by UPGMA cluster method. Clustering of the 141 Hu mulberry varieties did not correspond with the conventional classification involving differences in style,leaf,branch,fruit and other morphological or agronomical characters. [Conclusion] Four subgroups clearly represented the genetic relationships in the 141 accessions which were benefit for the variety improvement and germplasm resource conservation.  相似文献   

2.
The phylogenic and genetic relationships in germplasm resources of Chinese Ziziphus were studied at molecular levels, for providing new molecular evidences of classification, protection, and utilization of germplasm resources of Ziziphus. The sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） was assessed to analyse the genetic relationships among 14 species of Ziziphus, 11 cultivars of Z. jujuba Mill., and one outgroup. A total of 580 DNA bands were amplified by 19 selective primers, 570 of which （98.28%） were polymorphic. The average number of polymorphic DNA bands amplified by each primer was 30. The genetic similarities of 26 sample materials were between 0.22 and 0.99. UPGMA method cluster analysis showed that 26 sample materials were classified into six cluster groups with the genetic similarity of 0.28. The results showed that SRAP technique is efficient in studying genetic relationships among Ziziphus, Z. jujuba Mill. and Z. acidojujuba C. Y. Cheng et M. J. Liu which should be treated as one species, and further infraspecific classification of Z. jujuba Mill. should be classified into two subspecies; the scientific names of new taxa, Chinese jujube, and wild jujube were Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp, jujuba and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp, spinosa （Bunge） J. Y. Peng, X. Y. Li et L. Li, respectively. Z. xiangchengensis Y. L.Chen et P. K. Chou, Z. montana W.W. Smith and Z. mairei Dode might be originated from same ancestry. Z xiangchengensis Y. L. Chen et P. K. Chou and Z. montana W.W. Smith should be treated as one species. The infrasubspecific taxon of Z. jujuba Mill. was not suitable to set up varieties.  相似文献   

3.
The random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） marker was assessed to detect the genetic relationships among 48 hybrid Cymbidium cultivars from Japan, Korea, China, and USA, and 2 species of native Cymbidium. Twenty primers were screened from 100 random decamer primers, and a total of 258 DNA bands were amplified, 253 of which （98.1%） were polymorphic. The average number of polymorphic DNA bands amplified by each primer was 12.6. All cultivars were distinguishable when a number of primers were considered. Genetic similarities among the cultivars and species were estimated based on the amount of band sharing ranging from 0.364-0.817 with an average of 0.581. According to the data, a dendrogram of genetic relationship, which was constructed using the UPGMA method, showed that all the tested cultivars and native species were classified into five cluster groups with the similarity coefficient of 0.592. It revealed that the genetic relationships among tested accessions were to some extent related with their origin, flower colour, branch type, and genealogy. It further indicated that the RAPD technique is a useful tool for studying the genetic relationships among hybrid Cymbidium cultivars.  相似文献   

4.
[Objective] The aim was to study the molecular identification and cultivar fingerprints of Prunus persica （L.） Batsch germplasms.[Method] Sixty peach genotypes,representing China common local cultivars and European samples were screened by microsatellites （simple sequence repeats,SSRs） and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat （ISSR） markers.[Result] 26 reproducible bands were amplified by Nine SSR primers,and 24 of which were polymorphic; 236 bands were amplified by 30 ISSR primers,and 113 of which were polymorphic.31 genotypes were discriminated with 1-3 distinct polymorphic bands generated from the primers ISSR and SSR.Seven cultivar-specific ISSR fragments and two SSR unique alleles obtained from this study were available to be converted into Sequence Characterized Amplified Region （SCAR） markers.The genetic similarity coefficient （GS） estimated from these molecular data averaged were 0.939 （ranged from 0.856 to 0.983） for ISSR and 0.646 （ranged from 0.240 to 1.000） for SSR,respectively.The combined grouping association indicated that most local Chinese peach cultivars and exotic accessions were clustered together.This could be related to the mode of introduction and maintenance of the peach cultivars involving limited foundation germplasm,exchange of cultivars between plantations,and periodic development of new recombinant cultivars following sexual reproduction.[Conclusion] The results obtained in this work would help to improve the conservation,molecular identification and management of peach germplasm in breeding.  相似文献   

5.
[Objective] The aim was to study the molecular identification and cultivar fingerprints of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch germplasms.[Method] Sixty peach genotypes,representing China common local cultivars and European samples were screened by microsatellites (simple sequence repeats,SSRs) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers.[Result] 26 reproducible bands were amplified by Nine SSR primers,and 24 of which were polymorphic; 236 bands were amplified by 30 ISSR primers,and 113 of which were polymorphic.31 genotypes were discriminated with 1-3 distinct polymorphic bands generated from the primers ISSR and SSR.Seven cultivar-specific ISSR fragments and two SSR unique alleles obtained from this study were available to be converted into Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) markers.The genetic similarity coefficient (GS) estimated from these molecular data averaged were 0.939 (ranged from 0.856 to 0.983) for ISSR and 0.646 (ranged from 0.240 to 1.000) for SSR,respectively.The combined grouping association indicated that most local Chinese peach cultivars and exotic accessions were clustered together.This could be related to the mode of introduction and maintenance of the peach cultivars involving limited foundation germplasm,exchange of cultivars between plantations,and periodic development of new recombinant cultivars following sexual reproduction.[Conclusion] The results obtained in this work would help to improve the conservation,molecular identification and management of peach germplasm in breeding.  相似文献   

6.
Genetic relationship of 12 ramie varieties with different drought resistance was analysed by using RAPDI Twenty-five 10- mer random primers were used to amplify the total DNA of these varieties. The results ahowed that the amplified products of 12 ramie varieties could be obtained with 12 primers. The length of amplified products was 0.6- 5.15 kb. Ninety bands were identified in total, of which 11 bands were common in all 12 varieties and 79 bands were polymorphic. The polymorphic bands were 87.78% of the total amplified bands. According to the result of cluster analysis, 12 ramie varieties could be divided into two classes and three groups. It was found that high drought resistant varieties were clustered into different groups or subgroups in the same class, which shows near relationship among them.  相似文献   

7.
Study on Genetic Diversity among Soybean in Heilongjiang Province   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Genetic characters of 10 soybean breeds in Heilongjiang Province were studied using RAPD technique. We calculated the genetic similarity and genetic distance, made the cluster analysis, and also studied the genetic relationship among the 10 breeds. We found 93 amplification segments by RAPD analysis, in which there were 70 polymorphism segments, 75.26% of amplification segments, using 13 random primers, 11, 12, 5, 4, 7, 8, 3, 7, 2, 5, 10, 10, 9 amplificated bands were found. There were 7.15 bands per primer in average. The genetic similarity among the breeds ranged from 0.6848 to 0.9019, and the genetic distance ranged from 0.0981 to 0.3152. Genetic relationship between 90035 and 9674 was the closest, and between Heifeng 27 and 90035 was the farthest. Protein analysis revealed that the closest genetic relationship was between 90035 and 90024, and the farthest was between 1330 and Sui 4, and between 1330 and Heinong 39.  相似文献   

8.
Fourteen wild species of different sections in the genus Arachis and 24 accessions of the AABB allotetraploid A. hypogaea （cultivated peanut） from several countries which belong to different botanical varieties, were analyzed by SSR and AFLP marker systems. The assay-units per system needed to distinguish among all the tested accessions were at least five for SSR or two for AFLP. The genetic distance detected by the SSR markers ranged from 0.09 to 0.95, and the mean was 0.73; and the genetic distance detected by the AFLP markers ranged from 0.01 to 0.79 with an average of 0.42. All the tested peanut SSR primer pairs were multilocus ones, and the amplified fragments per SSR marker in each peanut genome ranged from 2 to 15 with the mean of 4.77. The peanut cultivars were closely related to each other, and shared a large numbers of SSR and AFLP fragments. In contrast, the species in the genus Arachis shared few fragments. The results indicated that the cultivated peanut （A. hypogaea L.） varieties could be partitioned into two main groups and four subgroups at the molecular level, and that A. duranensis is one of the wild ancestors of A. hypogaea. The lowest genetic variation was detected between A. cardenasii and A. batizocoi, and the highest was detected between A. pintoi and the species in the section Arachis. The relationships among the botanical varieties in the cultivated peanut （A. hypogaea L.） and among wild species accessions in section Arachis and those in other sections in the genus Arachis were discussed.  相似文献   

9.
Chloroplast inter-simple sequence repeat markers in mango were developed and used to analyze the genetic relationship and diversity of mango and its relatives. Thirty-six mango cultivars （Mangifera indica L.） and its relative species collected from the fruit germplasm collection in the Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China, were examined by ISSR-PCR with chloroplast DNA （cpDNA）. Eight better primers for chloroplast DNA that provided reproducible, polymorphic DNA amplification patterns were screened from 50 ISSR primers and used for UPGMA analysis. According to the band patterns with 8 primers for chloroplast DNA, all cultivars tested were distinguished from each other and these showed ample genetic diversity; the average percentage of polymorphism was 77.2%. The 36 samples could be clustered into four groups by UPGMA analysis at the coefficient 0.74. The results indicated that the cplSSR marker was a new powerful tool for the identification of mango cultivars or its relative species, and their genetic relationship analysis and diversity evaluation.  相似文献   

10.
[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in main cultivars of safflower distributing in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region by means of RAPD makers.[Method] Genomic DNAs of 29 safflower accessions from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region were extracted for PCR amplification using 20 RAPD primers.[Result] Totally 156 bands were amplified,among which 144 bands were polymorphic(accounting for 92.31%),indicating that safflower is endowed with plentiful genetic diversity.Based on the DNA fingerprint,the 29 safflower accessions were grouped into four populations,the classification results may be not related with ecological regionality.[Conclusion] RAPD technique is an available tool to analyze the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm at molecular level.  相似文献   

11.
利用ISSR分子标记分析44份红麻种质资源的遗传多样性   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
[目的]揭示不同地区来源红麻材料的遗传多样性及亲缘关系,为红麻遗传改良和分子标记辅助育种提供依据。[方法]用ISSR分子标记方法分析44份不同地区来源红麻种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,从91个ISSR引物中筛选出多态性较好、条带最清晰的21个引物对其进行PCR扩增,采用NTSYSpc-2．10e分析软件计算样品间的遗传相似系数,同时用UPGMA进行聚类分析,构建聚类图。[结果]21条引物共扩增出169条带,平均每个引物扩增出8．05条,其中多态性条带共141条,多态性条带比率为83．4％;当在遗传相似系数为o．887处作切割线L1时,可将44份红麻材料中的32份栽培品种与12份野生半野生材料分开;当在遗传相似系数为o．897处作切割线L2时,可将32份栽培种进一步细分为4个亚群;栽培种与野生半野生种间的遗传相似系数在o．47～0．91之间,表现出较大的遗传差异性,而32份栽培种材料中,遗传相似系数在o．85～0．97之间,表明栽培种材料间的亲缘关系较近,遗传多样性较为狭窄。[结论]ISSR可以较好地确定红麻种质资源的遗传多样性的亲缘关系,能够为杂交育种亲本选择组配提供有价值的分子水平上的信息,可为开展红麻核心种质DNA图谱研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

12.
利用ISSR分子标记分析44份红麻种质资源的遗传多样性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
1材料与方法1．1材料征集并选取红麻材料44份,分别来自11个国家和地区,其中包括野生种及半野生种12份,栽培品种32份．品种来源及类型见表1。  相似文献   

13.
银杏雄株种质资源遗传多样性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
莫昭展  曹福亮  符韵林 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(26):8130-8131,8133
[目的]分析银杏雄株种质资源的遗传多样性,为其保存和育种创新奠定基础。[方法]采用改进的CTAB法提取来自11个省的银杏雄株叶片的基因组DNA,随机引物经初筛和复筛后用于RAPD扩增,并运用POPGENE软件分析银杏雄株种质资源的遗传多样性。[结果]从100多对随机引物中筛选出12对扩增带清晰、重复性和多态性好的引物,将其用于RAPD扩增和遗传多样性分析。利用筛选出的12对RAPD引物对40个样品进行PCR扩增,得到96条清晰条带,其中41条有多态性。银杏雄株种质资源的平均有效等位基因数为1.6440,平均基因多样度为0.3752,平均Shannon信息指数为0.5562。[结论]银杏雄株种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,对其有效保存和合理利用具有重要意义。  相似文献   

14.
[目的]分析野生大麻居群的合理取样样本量,为全面了解我国大麻资源的遗传多样性及制定野生大麻保护策略提供参考依据.[方法]随机抽取96个辽宁科尔沁沙地野生大麻自然居群个体,采用计算机模拟方法从中随机抽取不同样本量(分别为5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、50、60、70、80、90和96个个体)的抽样群体各20次,利用ISSR分子标记对其遗传多样性进行分析,确定合理的取样样本量.[结果]利用从60条ISSR引物中筛选出的9条引物对随机抽取的96个野生大麻个体进行PCR扩增,共获得76个位点,其中多态位点48个,多态率达63.16%,观测等位基因数(Na)为1.632,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.250,Nei's基因多样性指数(H)为0.156,Shannon's信息指数(I)为0.245.由各遗传参数拟合曲线变化趋势分析结果可知,初始的4种抽样群体(分别为5、10、15和20个个体)遗传多样性水平呈急速增加趋势,之后随着样本量的加大,遗传多样性水平增加趋势明显变缓.当抽样群体样本量超过25个个体时,Na、Ne、H和I均包含了野生大麻居群90%以上的遗传变异.[结论]采用ISSR分子标记评估野生大麻群体遗传多样性时,群体取样样本量不宜小于25个个体才能较好地反映该居群总体的遗传多样性水平.  相似文献   

15.
[目的]利用cpSSR(叶绿体微卫星)分子标记法对丹参的遗传特征进行分析。[方法]选择12对cpSSR扩增良好、重复性好、条带清晰的SSR引物,对全国8省25县31个采样点的丹参进行cpSSR检测分析。[结果]丹参在细胞质遗传(cpSSR)上,总体均体现为中等水平;在地区上存在不同程度差异。基于Shannon多样性指数和Nei’s基因多样性指数的细胞质遗传多样性各省间大小依次为:山西、河南、山东、河北、四川、江苏、陕西、安徽。8省区间丹参的遗传变异以种群间的遗传变异为主导;省区内种群间的基因流有限,而省区间的基因交流较明显。[结论]综合分析认为道地产区和传统主产区的丹参主要为就地引种栽培,在栽培过程中引入了部分外来种源;在道地产区四川、山东、河南之间很早就存在种质互换,新产区多从道地产区引种。但在遗传分化方面未显示地理相关性,进一步说明全国丹参种质之间存在广泛的基因交流,是由于人类活动中对丹参的异地引种所造成。  相似文献   

16.
王茜  边靖 《安徽农业科学》2013,41(3):1145-1147
[目的]掌握渤海地区梭鱼种群的种质资源状况。[方法]应用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术,对梭鱼养殖群体与自然群体的遗传多样性进行了分析。[结果]从45个随机引物中选出20个扩增效果稳定的引物进行群体分析。其中,梭鱼自然群体共检出了204个扩增位点,多态位点136个,多态位点比例为66.7%;养殖群体中共检出了217个扩增位点,多态位点130个,多态位点比例为59.9%。[结论]目前梭鱼群体的遗传多样性较为丰富,人工养殖还未对其造成明显的影响。  相似文献   

17.
新疆红花主要栽培品种遗传多样性的RAPD分析(英文)   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in main cultivars of safflower distributing in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region by means of RAPD makers.[Method] Genomic DNAs of 29 safflower accessions from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region were extracted for PCR amplification using 20 RAPD primers.[Result] Totally 156 bands were amplified,among which 144 bands were polymorphic(accounting for 92.31%),indicating that safflower is endowed with plentiful genetic diversity.Based on the DNA fingerprint,the 29 safflower accessions were grouped into four populations,the classification results may be not related with ecological regionality.[Conclusion] RAPD technique is an available tool to analyze the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm at molecular level.  相似文献   

18.
杨广顺  王义  孙春玉  蒋世翠  张美萍 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(13):6660-6662,6682
[目的]分析吉林省5个人参产区人参（Panax ginseng C.A.Mey）种质资源存在的差异性,为参农异地引种提供理论依据。[方法]利用SSR技术对吉林省5个人参产区9个人参类型的DNA进行检测,并利用DPS9.50专业版软件进行相异系数计算,用Nei-Li公式和UPGMA法构建聚类树状图。[结果]从25对引物中筛选出16对多态性引物用于扩增,共扩增出181条条带,其中,多态性条带117条,多态性64.7%。[结论]人参种质资源在分子水平上存在较大差异;人参不同类型间的差异主要由其遗传因素决定,但也与环境因素有关。  相似文献   

19.
利用ISSR和RAPD标记构建红麻种质资源分子身份证   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  
【目的】对来源于不同国家和地区的51份红麻栽培种、野生种和近缘种进行遗传分析,构建红麻种质资源分子身份证。【方法】利用ISSR和RAPD标记对不同类型的51份红麻种质资源进行分析,计算其遗传相似系数,利用UPGMA法作聚类图,建立分子身份证。【结果】19个ISSR标记共产生113条条带,其中101条为多态性带,多态性比率(PPB)为89.38%;20个RAPD标记共产生118条条带,其中112条为多态性带,多态性比率(PPB)为94.92%。品种间多态性丰富,结合特征带、特异谱带类型和不同引物组合3种分析方法,可有效建立51份红麻种质资源的特异分子身份证。【结论】材料间遗传多样性较高,有较远的遗传距离和较宽的遗传基础,ISSR和RAPD标记技术可有效用于建立红麻种质资源分子身份证。  相似文献   

20.
利用不同分子标记分析烟草种质资源多态性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
[目的]研究烟草种质资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系。[方法]利用SSR、EST-SSR和In Del这3种分子标记对53份不同类型的烟草材料进行区别与鉴定。[结果]53份烟草材料可分为2大类群,2个亚类;与EST-SSR和SSR分子标记相比,In Del分子标记以其扩增谱带少、特异性强,易于识别和统计,更适合用于烟草种质资源遗传多样性分析与研究。[结论]该研究能够较好地揭示烟草栽培品种类型间的遗传多样性与亲缘关系,可为烟草种质鉴定和遗传连锁图谱构建提供科学依据。  相似文献   

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