共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
7个绵羊微卫星DNA标记在绵(山)羊群体中的多态性检测 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
选择分别位于绵羊2,4,6,9,17和19号染色体上的7个微卫星标记OarFCB11,OarFCB128,MAF70,OarAE101,MAF33,OarFCB48和OarFCB304,对湖羊、同羊及长江三角洲白山羊的典型群随机样本相应位点进行了PCR检测。结果表明,每个微卫星座位发现7个以上等位基因,且均存在多态;湖羊、同羊、长江三角洲白山羊群体杂合度(H)分别为0.9092,0.9177和0.8867,相应的群体基因平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.9024,0.9116和0.8774,有效等位基因数(Ne)分别为11.7723,12.4538和11.6104,均以同羊为最高;以产生有效条带为标志,随机样本的PCR扩增效率存在明显的群体间和座位间差异,以长江三角洲白山羊和OarFCB128座位为最高;以7个座位微卫星等位基因频率推算群体间标准遗传距离,山羊与绵羊群体间遗传距离远大于绵羊群体之间,湖羊、同羊间亲缘距离系数R为0.1998。研究结果提示:选择的7个微卫星DNA座位均为多态座位;以7个微卫星标记为测度,湖羊、同羊及长江三角洲白山羊具有丰富的遗传多态性;7个微卫星标记可进一步用于绵山羊近缘种间遗传分析研究。 相似文献
2.
新疆南部部分绵羊品种血液遗传标记特征及聚类分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用血液蛋白多态性标记新疆南部三种绵羊遗传结构 ,证实了它们相互间的遗传差异。结果表明 :Tf位点 ,多浪羊和卡拉库尔羊具有A、B、C等显性基因控制 ,巴音布鲁克羊还检测出D基因。Hb位点 ,多浪羊和卡拉库尔羊具有A、B等显性基因控制 ,巴音布鲁克羊还检测出C基因。以上两个位点各种显性基因频率因品种而有差异。按照Nei’s遗传距离法 ,计算了三品种间的遗传距离 ,证明新疆南部三种绵羊品种的遗传距离以多浪羊和卡拉库尔羊为最小 ,多浪羊与巴音布鲁克羊的遗传距离为最大。用类聚法分析表明 :多浪羊与卡拉库尔羊首先相聚 ,然后再与巴音布鲁克羊相聚。 相似文献
3.
南疆三种绵羊品种血液蛋白遗传标记特征及聚类分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用血液蛋白多态性标记新疆南部三种绵羊遗传结构，证实了它们相互间的遗传差异。结果表明：Tf位点，多浪羊和卡拉库尔羊具有A，B，C等显性基因控制，巴音布鲁克羊还检测出D基因。Hb位点，多浪羊和卡拉库尔羊具有A，B等显性基因控制，巴音布鲁克羊还检测出C基因。以上两个位点各种等显性基因频率因品种而有差异。按照Nei‘s遗传距离法（1987），计算了三品种间的遗传距离，证明新疆南部三种绵羊品种的遗传距离以多浪羊和卡拉库尔羊为最小，多浪羊与巴音布鲁克羊的遗传距离为最大。用类聚类法分析表明：多浪羊与卡拉库尔羊首先相聚，然后再与巴音鲁克羊相聚。 相似文献
4.
【目的】研究甘肃主要肉用绵羊品种(波德代羊、无角陶赛特、蒙古羊、滩羊、小尾寒羊)DNA分子水平上的遗传多样性。【方法】利用世界粮农组织和国际家畜联合会推荐的11对微卫星引物(CSRD0298、RM0509、URB0038、MCM0130、ILSTS004、MCMA008、MNS0094、CSSM0004、OarAE101、BM1329和OarFCB11),对5个肉用绵羊品种分子水平上的遗传多样性及其与生产性能的关联性进行研究。【结果】11个微卫星位点在5个肉用绵羊品种间均呈现高度多态性,构建的系统进化树NJ聚类图将国内的3个肉用绵羊品种(蒙古羊、滩羊、小尾寒羊)与引进的2个肉用绵羊品种(波德代羊、无角陶赛特)分为2支;系统进化树UPGMA聚类图和主成分的二维散点图进一步证实了NJ聚类结果的可靠性。生产性能关联性分析结果显示,绵羊群体的平均产羔数与微卫星位点OarAE101存在关联性,与位点BM1329没有关联性;绵羊初生质量与微卫星位点ILSTS004和CSSM0004存在关联性。【结论】5个肉用绵羊品种具有丰富的遗传多样性,有很大的选育潜力。 相似文献
5.
6.
利用两个微卫星标记OarFCB304和MCM53对陶赛特、德克赛尔和萨福克3个绵羊品种的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数和杂合度进行了检测。结果表明,微卫星位点OarFCB304和MCM53在3个绵羊品种中均具有高度多态性,可以用于绵羊遗传多样性的评估;位点OarFCB304比MCM53变异大;从不同品种来看,陶赛特绵羊的遗传变异程度较大,而德克赛尔羊的遗传变异程度相对较小。 相似文献
7.
为研究中亚以东南地区绵羊运铁蛋白(Tf)的遗传多样性,利用水平板聚丙烯酰胺(PAGE)梯度电泳技术,以湖羊、滩羊、洼地绵羊、同羊、小尾寒羊以及国内外得到的其他10种绵羊群体为对象,对其运铁蛋白遗传变异、基因分化系数及中立性测验结果进行分析.结果表明:在15个绵羊群体中,除Bar羊不表现多态性外,其他各群体均表现出多态性;基因分化系数(Gst)为0.2026,说明有79.74%的变异来自于群体内,20.26%的变异来自于群体间;中立性测验结果表明Tf位点除湖羊外其他群体均在L95到U95置信区间内,说明中亚以东南地区绵羊运铁蛋白遗传多样性基本上未受到选择的作用. 相似文献
8.
基于微卫星标记的湖羊资源保护效果的评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了比较江苏省湖羊资源保护区和苏州市种羊场2个湖羊保种群体的保种效果,了解湖羊遗传多样性的现状,为探索科学有效的保种方法提供理论依据,采用微卫星DNA标记技术,从全基因组水平对保护区和种羊场2个群体进行了遗传多样性和遗传分化分析。结果显示:2个湖羊群体的遗传多样性丰富,保护区稍高于种羊场,多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.821和0.798,期望杂合度(He)分别为0.849 6和0.836 9;两群体间存在着较大的基因交流基因流[基因流(Nm)=16.793 0],群体间遗传分化水平低[群体分化系数(Fst)=0.014 7],保护区的近交程度[近交系数(Fis)=0.451 0]稍高于种羊场(Fis=0.394 5)。2个群体均较好地维持了湖羊丰富的遗传多样性,保种效果差异不大,但应尽量避免近交。 相似文献
9.
绵羊和山羊基于两种标记的遗传分化初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对湖羊、同羊及长江三角洲白山羊的随机样本分别进行14个结构基因座和7个微卫星标记的遗传检测,比较由2种遗传标记获得的群体基因平均杂合度、多态信息含量及群体有效等位基因数,分别根椐2种类型的基因频率资料,计算3个群体间的标准遗传距离并加以比较.结果表明由微卫星等位基因频率获得的群体基因平均杂合度、多态信息含量及有效等位基因数显著大于由结构基因座获得的,由结构基因座资料计算的3个群体间标准遗传距离为0.026
8～0.248 7,微卫星标记资料计算的3个群体间标准遗传距离为0.232 1～1.231
3,绵山羊群体间显著大于绵羊间.结构基因座和微卫星标记一致揭示了3群体内的遗传变异程度由大到小依次为同羊、湖羊、长江三角洲白山羊;微卫星标记较结构基因座标记更能表达近缘种间进化趋异水平;可将FCB11、MAF33、AE101、FCB128及FCB304位点作为研究绵山羊近缘种间遗传分化的标志性位点. 相似文献
10.
对湖羊、同羊及长江三角洲白山羊的随机样本分别进行14个结构基因座和7个微卫星标记的遗传检测，比较由2种遗传标记获得的群体基因平均杂合度、多态信息含量及群体有效等位基因数，分别根椐2种类型的基因频率资料，计算3个群体间的标准遗传距离并加以比较。结果表明：由微卫星等位基因频率获得的群体基因平均杂合度、多态信息含量及有效等位基因数显著大于由结构基因座获得的，由结构基因座资料计算的3个群体间标准遗传距离为0．0268～0．2487，微卫星标记资料计算的3个群体间标准遗传距离为0．2321～1．2313，绵山羊群体间显著大于绵羊间。结构基因座和微卫星标记一致揭示了3群体内的遗传变异程度由大到小依次为同羊、湖羊、长江三角洲白山羊；微卫星标记较结构基因座标记更能表达近缘种间进化趋异水平；可将FCB11、MAF33、AE101、FCB128及FCB304位点作为研究绵山羊近缘种间遗传分化的标志性位点。 相似文献
11.
Yan Geng Zhangping Yang Hong Chang Yongjiang Mao Wei Sun Xiaoya Guo Dongyan Qu 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2008,2(3):338-342
The level of genetic differentiation, gene flow and the relationship between geographical distance and genetic differentiation
among six sheep populations of Mongolian group in China (Tong sheep, small-tailed Han sheep, Hu sheep, Tan sheep, Ujumuqin
sheep and Bayinbuluk sheep) were analyzed using seven microsatellites. The trees were constructed from diversity coefficient
(DC) distances among the six sheep populations. The overall heterozygote deficit across all the populations (F
it) was between 0.167 (OarAE101) and 0.044 (MAF33). The over-all significant deficit of heterozygote, because of inbreeding
within breeds, (F
is) was between 0.089 (OarFCB304) and 0.005 (MAF33). The coefficient of genetic differentiation (F
st) was between 0.100 (OarAE101) and 0.022 (OarFCB48). It indicated that 3.9% of the total genetic variation could be explained
by breed differences and the remaining 96.1% by differences among individuals for each population. This illustrated that most
variations existed within breeds and genetic differentiation level were very low among sheep breeds of the Mongolian Group
in China. The average number of effective migrants exchanged per generation (Nem) ranged from 2.7369 (Tan sheep and Bayinbuluk sheep) to 44.3928 (Tong sheep and Hu sheep), and the mean value was 11.25213.
Significantly positive relationships between the level of genetic differentiation and geographical distance and genetic distances
were detected. It is concluded that genetic differentiation of sheep breeds of Mongolian group in China is mainly the result
of natural selection (different living conditions).
__________
Translated from Journal of Yangzhou University (Agricultural and Life Science Edition), 2007, 28(3): 22–26 [译自: 扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)] 相似文献
12.
The Levels of Genetic Differentiation of Small-Tailed Han Sheep and Tan Sheep Populations Using Structural Loci 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
LU Sheng-xia CHANG Hong JI De-jun Tsunoda Kenji REN Zhan-jun REN Xiang-lian SUN Wei YANG Zhang-ping CHANG Guo-bin 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2006,5(11):865-872
Using the method of ＂random sampling in typical colonies of the central area of the habitat＂ and several electrophoresis techniques, the variations of 17 structural loci encoding blood proteins in 60 Small-Tailed Han sheep and 73 Tan sheep were examined and compared with those of 14 other sheep populations in China and other countries to investigate their levels of genetic differentiation. The average heterozygosities of Small-Tailed Han sheep and Tan sheep were 0.2360 and 0.2587, respectively. The average polymorphic information content values were 0.1974 and 0.2102, respectively. The average effective numbers of alleles were 1.5723 and 1.5751, respectively. The coefficients of gene differentiation in the four groups （including 4, 6, 13, and 16 sheep populations, respectively） were 0.049323, 0.059987, 0.1728, and 0.201256, respectively, indicating that the degree of gene differentiation at the structural loci was the least in Hu sheep, Tong sheep, Small-Tailed Hart sheep, and Tan sheep; followed by the above-mentioned four sheep populations and two Mongolian sheep populations; and was the highest in sheep populations belonging to the Mongolian sheep group, South Asian sheep, and European sheep. The earlier researchers＇ conclusions that both Small-Tailed Han sheep and Tan sheep evolved from Mongolian sheep were further verified by the results of this study. Hu sheep, Tong sheep, Small-Tailed Han sheep, and Tan sheep were decreasingly affected by the bloodline of Mongolian sheep to different degrees. The relationships among sheep populations were not closely related to the geographical distances among sheep populations. 相似文献
13.
利用结构基因座分析小尾寒羊、滩羊群体遗传分化水平 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
采用中心产区典型群随机抽样方法和多种电泳技术检测60只小尾寒羊、73只滩羊编码血液蛋白17个结构基因座上的变异,引用国内外14个绵羊群体相同资料进行比较分析,探讨其遗传分化水平。研究表明：(1) 小尾寒羊、滩羊结构基因座平均杂合度分别为0.2360和0.2587;平均多态信息含量分别为0.1974、0.2102;平均有效等位基因数分别为1.5723和1.5751。(2) 4个组合（分别为4个、6个、13个及16个绵羊群体）的基因分化系数分别为0.049323、0.059987、0.1728和0.201256,说明湖羊、同羊、小尾寒羊和滩羊4个绵羊群体结构基因座的基因分化程度低;这4种绵羊与蒙古国绵羊的基因分化程度次之;蒙古羊系绵羊和南亚羊及欧洲羊之间基因传分化程度较高。(3) 前人关于小尾寒羊、滩羊由蒙古羊分化而来的考证得到遗传学实验的进一步证明,湖羊、同羊、小尾寒羊和滩羊受蒙古羊血统的影响递减。群体间亲缘关系远近与其所处地理位置远近并未表现出紧密相关。 相似文献
14.
Dongyan Qu Zhangping Yang Xiaoya Guo Yongjiang Mao Wei Sun Rongqing Gen Xianglian Ren Guobing Chang Danli Huang Hong Chang Yuehui Ma 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2007,1(4):472-477
The genomes of six populations were screened using microsatellites as molecular markers, including Ujmuqin sheep, small-tailed
Han sheep, Tan sheep, Hu sheep, Tong sheep and Yangtse River Delta (YRD) white goat. A total of seven microsatellite markers
were used and genetic diversity and genetic distance were also determined. The results showed that there were 224 alleles
in six populations, all seven loci showed polymorphism in all populations. The average heterozygosity of all populations was
0.949 9, and the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of all six populations was 0.842 5–0.929 4. The six sheep (goat) popualtions were lowly differentiated with all loci, and
the coefficient of phaenotype differentiation (Fst) was 2.6%, which was consistent with the coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst). The global heterozygote deficit across of all populations (Fit) amounted to 0.5%. The overall significant deficit of heterozygotes because of inbreeding within breeds (Fis) amounted to −2.2%. Two Unweighted Pair-group Method using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) dendrograms were constructed on the
basis of Nei’s standard genetic distance (DS) and Nei’s genetic distance (DA) respectively. Hu sheep and Tong sheep were grouped
at first, Ujmuqin sheep and small-tailed Han sheep clustered and then clustered with Tan sheep. Finally, Yangtse River Delta
white goat joined in with all above. From this study, Ujmuqin sheep belongs to “Mongolia sheep” group, which corresponds with
the historical records exactly. Ujmuqin sheep and small-tailed Han sheep, Tan sheep, Hu sheep and Tong sheep all vest in the
“Mongolia sheep” group. 相似文献
15.
中国及中亚以东南部分绵羊群体的遗传多样性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以中心产区典型群简单随机抽样的方法,抽样检测65只同羊、63只湖羊的5项体尺、5项形态特征、6项生态特征及10个血液蛋白质结构基因座基因频率,引用国内外相关研究资料。(1)对国内的6个绵羊群体的17项指标进行主成分分析,并根据各群体主成分值进行聚类,结果表明,国内6个绵羊群体被明显分为牧区、农牧交错区的蒙古羊、滩羊和农区的大尾寒羊、小尾寒羊、湖羊、同羊两大类。(2)在10个结构基因座基因频率基础上,计算中亚以东南12个绵羊群体平均座位纯合度和杂合度,比较其遗传多样性,依杂合度的高低分为3类。结果表明:绵羊的4项生态指标、2项形态特征及4项体尺对绵羊品种间差异起决定作用;湖羊、同羊及蒙古羊系统的另两个群体Kh和Ub具丰富的遗传多样性。 相似文献
16.
GENG Rong-qing CHANG Hong WANG Lan-ping YANG Zhang-ping SUN Wei JI De-jun Tsunodak K 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2007,6(9):1124-1132
Variations of structural loci among 4 sheep populations in China were examined by the method of multiloci electrophoresis, and similar data from 11 sheep populations were taken as basic references to analyze the genetic structure of the native sheep populations in East and South Asia. The results showed that the average heterozygosity and effective number of alleles among 15 populations were 0.2746 and 1.559, respectively. Mongolian sheep possessed the largest average heterozygosity and effective number of alleles. Genetic diversity of sheep populations in Mongolia, China, Vietnam, Bangladesh and Nepal was reduced in this order. The coefficients of genetic differentiation were between 0.0126 and 0.3083, with the average of 0.148, demonstrating that genetic variations lay mainly in populations with 85.2% of the total variations. There exists no correlation between geographical distances and genetic distances. Gene flow was smooth among most populations, which led to inconsistency between geographical distances and genetic distances. The 15 native sheep populations in East and South Asia could be divided into two groups： One group included part populations of China and Mongolia, and the other included Yunnan populations of China, and part populations of Nepal and Bangladesh. Other populations did not cluster together and divide into the above-mentioned two groups. Tills study indicated genetic differentiation of the 15 native sheep populations in East and South Asia was relatively low, geographical isolation was not the main reason affecting genetic differentiation, and the fifteen sheep populations could be divided into two groups according to phylogenetic relationships. 相似文献
17.
东亚及南亚固有绵羊群体的遗传结构研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】分析东亚及南亚固有绵羊群体的遗传结构。【方法】以多座位电泳法检测中国4个绵羊群体结构基因座上的变异，同时引用11个绵羊群体的同类资料作为参考。【结果】15个群体结构基因座平均杂合度和有效等位基因数分别为0.2746和1.559；平均杂合度和有效等位基因数都是蒙古国绵羊群体最大，蒙古国、中国、越南、孟加拉国和尼泊尔绵羊群体的遗传多样性依次减小。绵羊群体间遗传分化系数在0.0126～0.3083之间，平均为0.148，说明遗传变异主要存在于群体内，占总变异的85.2%。群体地理位置的远近与遗传距离间无相关性；大多数群体间基因流通畅，使得群体间地理位置的远近与遗传距离不完全一致。东亚及南亚15个固有绵羊群体大致可分为两大类群：一类包括了中国和蒙古国的部分群体，另一类则包括了中国云南绵羊、尼泊尔以及孟加拉国的部分群体，其余群体逐步汇入这两大类群。【结论】东亚及南亚15个固有绵羊群体间的遗传分化程度相对不高；地理隔离不是影响群体间遗传分化的主要原因；亲缘关系聚类分析可将15个绵羊群体大致分为两大类群。 相似文献
18.
利用7个微卫星标记对乌珠穆沁羊、小尾寒羊、滩羊、湖羊、同羊、长江三角洲白山羊6个绵(山)羊群体进行了遗传多样性检测,结果显示:6个绵(山)羊群体共检测到224个等位基因,每个座位在每个群体都检测到7个以上等位基因;7个微卫星座位在6个群体中呈高度多态性,总群体杂合度为0.9499;6个群体PIC平均值在0.8452~0.9294之间。根据标准遗传距离和DA遗传距离用UPGMA方法分别对6个群体进行亲缘关系聚类,乌珠穆沁羊和小尾寒羊聚为一类,然后与滩羊聚为一类,湖羊和同羊较近聚为一类,五个绵羊品种最后与山羊相聚。研究结果提示:乌珠穆沁羊就血统而言归属与"蒙古羊"集团,这基本符合品种的育成过程,乌珠穆沁羊和小尾寒羊、滩羊、湖羊、同羊共同归属于"蒙古羊"集团。 相似文献