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1.
中国水仙STK类抗病基因同源序列的克隆与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶类(serine-threonine kinase,STK)抗病基因结构中的保守结构域设计简并引物,以中国水仙的基因组DNA为模板,扩增获得4条STK类抗病基因同源序列。同源性分析表明,其均具有STK保守结构域,与已经克隆的Xa21、Pto、Lr10、Lectin等基因在氨基酸水平上的同源性为38.3%～68%。系统进化树分析表明,它们可能是抗病基因的同源序列,这为进一步克隆中国水仙中STK类抗病基因提供依据。 相似文献
2.
斑茅NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列的克隆与分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据已知NBS-LRR抗病基因[含有核苷酸结合位点(NBS)和富亮氨酸重复(LRR)的胞内受体蛋白基因1NBS结构域蛋白质的保守序列,设计简并引物,对斑茅基因组进行体外扩增,获得了对应区段的DNA片段,回收、克隆这些特异片段,测序分析,共获得8个片段序列.序列分析发现其中7个编号分别为RGA-Q1、RGA-Q2、RGA-Q3、RGA-Q4、RGA-Q5、RGA-Q6和RGA-Q7的片段推导的氨基酸序列均具有典型的NBS结构域,即Ploop(GGVGKTr)、Kinase-2a(VLDDVW)、Kinase-3a(GSR/KILVTTR)及疏水结构域HD(hydrophobic domain).它们在NCBI上的登录号为EU685828、EU685829、EU685830、EU685831、EU685832、EU685833和EU685834.这些抗病基因同源片段(RGA)与已经克隆的N、L6、RPS2和胧等11个抗病基因在氨基酸水平上的同源性为2.3%～39.8%.可进一步用作斑茅抗病候选基因的分子筛选及遗传图谱的构建. 相似文献
3.
水稻抗病基因同源序列的克隆及测序分析 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：20
根据已知的NBS LRR类及丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶类抗病基因结构中氨基酸的保守区域，设计了两组简并引物用于扩增广谱抗稻瘟病品种云系2号中的抗病基因同源序列。结果一共获得11类的NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源片段及16类的丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶类抗病基因同源片段。所有11类的抗病基因同源系列均含有NBS-LRR类抗病基因的保守序列，如P-loop、Kinase 2、Kinase 3a以及跨膜区域等。所有16类的蛋白激酶的序列均含有丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶所共有的催化区Ⅵ（共有氨基酸序列：DLKPEN）、Ⅷ（共有氨基酸序列：GT/SXXYXAPE）以及蛋白激酶的其他催化区。两条NBS-LRR类的抗病基因同源片段YR1、YR12分别与抗病基因I2 C-2及Xa1氨基酸同源性很高(>50%)。7条丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶类的抗病基因同源片段与已克隆的[WTBX][STBX]Xa21、Pto、Lr10[WTBZ][STBZ]等抗病基因的氨基酸序列超过60%的相同以及76%~78%的氨基酸类似。 相似文献
4.
根据已知NBS-LRR类抗病基因结构中氨基酸的保守区域设计简并引物,对水稻不育系系谱NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列进行克隆、测序和聚类。同源序列克隆与分析表明,7个水稻不育系系谱亲本中共获得14个阳性克隆,其中11个含有NBS-LRR类抗病基因所特有的保守氨基酸结构域KinaseⅠ、KinaseⅡ、KinaseⅢ及跨膜区域。这些片段间同源性最高达98.3%,最低仅为29.7%;11个氨基酸片段与抗病基因Xal（AB002266）的同源性较高,42%-45%的氨基酸序列相同,59%-64%的氨基酸序列相似,且与水稻其他NBS-LRR类抗性蛋白相似性很高。通过聚类分析,可以将其分为3类,分别记为G1、G2、G3,并发现抗源谷农13所含有的G3类基因,通过天谷、福伊传给后代谷丰、全丰。 相似文献
5.
香蕉NBS-LRR抗病基因类似序列的克隆和分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据大多数抗病基因的核苷酸结合区(NBS)和富含亮氨酸重复序列(LRR)保守区的氨基酸序列设计PCR简并引物,利用快速而又可行的简并PCR技术获得NBS-LRR类抗病基因类似序列。笔者利用该技术从香蕉cDNA中获得了一个NBS-LRR类抗病基因类似序列,命名为B-NB(SAY739270)。结构域分析发现,B-NBS含有NBS蛋白所具有的P-Loop、Kinase-2、Kinase-3a和下游疏水GLPLAL结构域(HD,GLPLAL)4个保守基序。聚类分析发现,B-NBS与已报道的6个植物抗病基因的NBS基序的遗传距离在21.7之内。因此,B-NBS是一个香蕉NBS-LRR类抗病基因类似序列。本研究将为香蕉抗病基因克隆和抗病机理研究提供新的抗病候选基因资源。 相似文献
6.
向日葵锈病严重影响向日葵的产量。为了找到抗锈病相关基因,根据已知NBS-LRR型抗病基因保守结构域P-loop和GLPL设计简并引物,以接菌的抗病向日葵品种CM29叶片的cDNA为模板进行扩增。通过克隆转化得到10个具有连续开放阅读框的RGA,经系统进化分析将其分为TIR-NBS-LRR和non-TIR-NBS-LRR两种类型。对其氨基酸序列进行多重序列比对结果显示所获得的RGA具有典型的NBS-LRR型抗病基因保守结构域即P-loop、kinase-2a、kinase-3a和GLPL结构。运用BLASTX分析这些结果,表明其RGA与已知的抗病基因相应保守区域的同源性为18.1%～51.1%,说明它们可能与抗病功能基因具有密切联系。 相似文献
7.
黑皮冬瓜LINE逆转座子RT序列的克隆与特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据LINE逆转座子逆转录酶保守序列设计简并引物,PCR扩增黑皮冬瓜"B98K"基因组DNA,获得580 bp左右目的条带。将PCR产物回收、克隆并测序,获得23条逆转酶序列,利用生物信息学软件分析其长度变异、碱基变化、相似性及系统进化关系。结果表明:这些序列长度在557~593 bp区间变异,同源比对核苷酸序列相似性为39.0%~99.3%,存在高度异质性,主要表现为缺失突变、移码突变与终止密码子突变,核苷酸序列聚类分析分为4个家族,家族1与家族2分别包含15和5个成员,占总序列数的65.22%和21.74%。对推导的氨基酸序列分析发现,第12位氨基酸残基处存在一保守的苯丙氨酸(Phe),多处位置存在半保守氨基酸残基;氨基酸序列相似性在20.0%~99.5%之间;其中8条序列可能具有转录活性,8条与15条序列分别发生移码与终止密码子突变。与已知物种构建系统发育进化树,发现冬瓜LINE逆转座子RT序列较保守,且与拟南芥、李、油菜等有较近的亲缘关系。研究结果为后续利用分子标记研究冬瓜种质遗传变异及基因组进化奠定基础。 相似文献
8.
Mlo基因是一类重要的抗病基因,该基因的隐性突变可赋予植物广谱持久的抗病性。本研究以葡萄Mlo9(VvMlo9)基因为探针对巴西橡胶树的EST和转录组数据库进行同源搜索,并将获得的同源EST序列进行拼接,得到巴西橡胶树Mlo9基因的cDNA序列。采用RT-PCR方法成功克隆了橡胶树的Mlo9基因,并命名为HbMlo9。序列分析结果表明,该基因的开放阅读框(ORF)为1 725 bp,编码574个氨基酸,分子量为65.35 ku,等电点为8.93。对HbMlo9蛋白结构域的分析结果发现,该蛋白具有Mlo保守结构域,包含9次跨膜结构和1个典型的N端信号肽。系统进化关系分析结果发现,Mlo是1个比较保守的蛋白家族,HbMlo9与蓖麻Mlo同源性最高,达到88%,其次是桃Mlo(79%)和葡萄VvMlo9 (78%)。本研究为验证该基因在巴西橡胶树抗病中的功能奠定基础。 相似文献
9.
病程相关基因非表达子(NPR1)是植物抗病信号传导的关键基因。以香蕉抗病香蕉品种为材料,根据NPR1基因序列在保守区设计引物,从香蕉cDNA中克隆获得NPR1基因片段,以RACE的方法克隆获得香蕉NPR1基因的全长,并命名为GCT119-NPR1。香蕉GCT119-NPR1基因最大阅读框(ORF)为1 707 bp。生物信息学分析结果表明,该基因含有ANK和BTB两个结构域,其中ANK结构域是NPR1基因中非常重要的结构域,在蛋白质相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。同源性分析表明,该基因与已克隆发表的NPR1基因氨基酸序列同源性为67%~82%。将其构建植物表达载体,为下一步转化工作奠定基础。 相似文献
10.
《中国油料作物学报》2020,(3)
利用生物信息学方法对向日葵基因组的蛋白质数据库进行搜索,共获得255个富含亮氨酸的重复序列和核苷酸结合位点(nucleotide binding site and leucine rich repeat,NBS-LRR)类抗病基因的蛋白质序列,并根据结构域类型,将其分为TIR和Non-TIR两类。进一步对其中42个同时含有LRR和NBS结构域的LRR-NBS型基因编码蛋白质的理化性质、氨基酸序列及基因在染色体上的物理分布进行分析,结果表明,基因多分布于4号、8号和13号染色体,而且52.4%以基因簇存在;结构域预测结果显示,该类蛋白都具有特征结构域NBS结构域,氨基酸序列同源性为29.26%。对6个NBS类基因经向日葵锈菌诱导后的表达分析表明,6个基因均可被向日葵锈菌诱导表达,说明其可能参与了向日葵响应锈菌胁迫的抗病反应过程。 相似文献
11.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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13.
Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
17.
Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
18.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
19.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
20.
Tovar LR Olivos M Gutierrez ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):189-194
Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate
present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides
most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but
poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in
central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn. 相似文献