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1.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate fructosamine concentrations in clinically healthy cats, sick cats with stress hyperglycemia, and untreated diabetic cats to determine the usefulness of this test in diagnosing diabetes mellitus in cats, and in differentiating the disease from stress-induced hyperglycemia. In addition, we evaluated if the degree of glycemic control in cats treated for diabetes influenced their serum fructosamine concentrations. In the 14 sick cats with stress hyperglycemia, the median serum fructosamine concentration (269 μmol/L) was not significantly different from the median value in the 26 clinically normal cats (252 μmol/L). Two of the 14 cats with stress hyperglycemia (14.3%) had serum fructosamine concentrations above the upper limit of the reference range (175 to 400 μmol/U; on the basis of these results, the test specificity was calculated as 0.86. In 30 cats with untreated diabetes mellitus, the median serum fructosamine concentration was 624 μmol/L, markedly higher than the value in either the normal cats or the cats with stress hyperglycemia. All but 2 of the 30 untreated diabetic cats (6.7%) had serum fructosamine concentration above the upper limit of the reference range; on the basis of these results, the sensitivity of serum fructosamine concentration as a diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus was 0.93. When 30 diabetic cats receiving treatment were divided into 3 groups according to their response to treatment (ie, poor, fair, and good), the 16 cats that had a good response to treatment had significantly lower serum concentrations of both glucose and fructosamine compared with cats that had either a fair or poor response to treatment. A significant correlation (rs= .70, n = 100, P < .001) was found between serum concentrations of glucose and fructosamine. Results of this study indicate that quantification of serum fructosamine concentration is a meaningful test for the diagnosis of diabetes, for differentiating diabetes from stress hyperglycemia; and for monitoring the metabolic control in treated diabetic cats.  相似文献   

2.
Differentiating transient hyperglycemia from diabetic hyperglycemia can be difficult in cats since single blood glucose measurements reflect only momentary glucose concentrations, and values may be elevated because of stress-induced hyperglycemia. Glycated protein measurements serve as monitors of longer-term glycemic control in human diabetics. Using an automated nitroblue tetrazolium assay, fructosamine concentration was measured in serum from 24 healthy control cats and 3 groups of hospitalized cats: 32 euglycemic, 19 transiently hyperglycemic, and 12 diabetic cats. Fructosamine concentrations ranged from 2.1 - 3.8 mmol/L in clinically healthy cats; 1.1 - 3.5 mmol/L in euglycemic cats; 2.0 - 4.1 mmol/L in transiently hyperglycemic cats; and 3.4 to >6.0 mmol/L in diabetic cats. Values for with-in-run precision at 2 fructosamine concentrations (2.64 mmol/L and 6.13 mmol/L) were 1.5% and 1.3%, respectively. Between-run coefficient of variation was 3.8% at a fructosamine concentration of 1.85 mmol/L. The mean fructosamine concentration for the diabetic group differed significantly (P=0.0001) from the mean concentrations of the other 3 groups. Poorly regulated or newly diagnosed diabetic cats tended to have the highest fructosamine values, whereas well-regulated or over-regulated diabetic cats had values approaching the reference range. As a single test for differentiating nondiabetic cats from diabetic cats, fructosamine was very sensitive (92%) and specific (96%), with a positive predictive value of 85% and a negative predictive value of 98%. Serum fructosamine concentration shows promise as an inexpensive, adjunct diagnostic tool for differentiating transiently hyperglycemic cats from poorly controlled diabetic cats.  相似文献   

3.
OBJECTIVE: To correlate serum fructosamine concentrations with established measures of glycemic control and to compare serum fructosamine and blood glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) concentrations as a means for assessing glycemic control in diabetic cats. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. ANIMALS: 26 healthy cats, 5 cats with stress-induced hyperglycemia, 15 untreated diabetic cats, and 36 treated diabetic cats. PROCEDURE: Control of glycemia was classified and monitored and serum fructosamine and blood GHb concentrations were measured for 12 poorly controlled diabetic cats before and after improving glycemic control, 8 well-controlled treated diabetic cats before and after glycemic control deteriorated, and 5 cats with diabetes mellitus before and after onset of stress-induced hyperglycemia. RESULTS: Mean serum fructosamine and blood GHb concentrations were significantly higher in untreated diabetic cats, compared with healthy cats, and in 24 poorly controlled diabetic cats, compared with 12 well-controlled diabetic cats. Mean serum fructosamine and blood GHb concentrations decreased significantly in 12 poorly controlled diabetic cats after improving glycemic control and increased significantly in 8 well-controlled diabetic cats after glycemic control deteriorated. A significant stress-induced increase in mean blood glucose concentration was evident 12 hours after insulin administration, but not in 5 docile diabetic cats that became fractious. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Serum fructosamine and blood GHb concentrations are clinically useful tools for monitoring control of glycemia in cats with diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   

4.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of hyperthyroidism on serum fructosamine concentration in cats. DESIGN: Cohort study. ANIMALS: 22 cats with overt hyperthyroidism. PROCEDURE: Hyperthyroidism was diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs, detection of a palpable thyroid gland, and high total serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations. Hyperthyroid cats with abnormal serum albumin, total protein, and glucose concentrations were excluded from the study. Samples for determination of serum fructosamine concentration were obtained prior to initiating treatment. Results were compared with fructosamine concentrations in healthy cats, cats in which diabetes had recently been diagnosed, and cats with hypoproteinemia. In 6 cats, follow-up measurements were obtained 2 and 6 weeks after initiating treatment with carbimazole. RESULTS: Serum fructosamine concentrations ranged from 154 to 267 mumol/L (median, 198 mumol/L) and were significantly lower than values in healthy cats. Eleven (50%) of the hyperthyroid cats had serum fructosamine concentrations less than the reference range. Serum fructosamine concentrations in hyperthyroid, normoproteinemic cats did not differ from values in hypoproteinemic cats. During treatment, an increase in serum fructosamine concentration was detected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In hyperthyroid cats, concentration of serum fructosamine may be low because of accelerated protein turnover, independent of blood glucose concentration. Serum fructosamine concentrations should not be evaluated in cats with overt hyperthyroidism and diabetes mellitus. Additionally, concentration of serum fructosamine in hyperthyroid cats should not be used to differentiate between diabetes mellitus and transitory stress-related hyperglycemia.  相似文献   

5.
Between January 1997 and December 2000 blood glucose concentrations were measured in 2278 sick cats at the time of their initial presentation at the hospital. In 827 cats (36%) hyperglycemia (blood glucose >8 mmol/l) was documented, 1388 cats (61%) had normal blood glucose levels, 63 cats (3%) were hypoglycemic. In 674 of 827 cats (81.5%) no further investigations were performed and the veterinarian judged the hyperglycemia to be stress related. In 153 of the 827 cats (18.5%) blood glucose measurements were repeated and/or serum fructosamine concentrations evaluated. In 106 cats (69%) stress hyperglycemia and in 47 (31%) diabetes mellitus was then diagnosed. Blood glucose concentrations in cats with stress hyperglycemia were between 8.1 and 60.4 mmol/l (Median 10.3), in cats with diabetes mellitus between 8.5 and 70.0 (Median 27.7). Blood glucose concentrations in cats with diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than in cats with stress hyperglycemia. Cats with stress hyperglycemia suffered from a variety of different diseases, the most frequently encountered were surgical problems, neoplasia, heart diseases, upper and lower urinary tract diseases. Blood glucose concentrations in cats with heart diseases and in cats with neoplasia was higher than in cats with other disorders, however, the difference was not significant. Cats with diabetes mellitus were significantly more frequent male castrated than cats with stress hyperglycemia. Cats with stress hyperglycemia were significantly older than cats with normoglycemia.  相似文献   

6.
Blood glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) concentration was quantified in 84 healthy cats, 9 cats with stress-induced hyperglycemia, 37 cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, and 122 diabetic cats treated with insulin or glipizide. Diabetic control was classified as good or poor in insulin-treated or glipizide-treated cats based on review of history, physical examination findings, changes in body weight, and measurement of blood glucose concentrations. Blood GHb concentration was determined using an affinity chromatography assay. Mean blood GHb concentration was similar for healthy normoglycemic cats and cats with transient, stress-induced hyperglycemia, but was significantly (P < .001) higher in untreated diabetic cats when compared with healthy normoglycemic cats. Mean blood GHb concentration was significantly (P < .001) higher in 84 cats with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus when compared with 38 cats in which the disease was well controlled. Mean blood GHb concentration decreased significantly (P < .01) in 6 cats with untreated diabetes mellitus after insulin and dietary treatment. A similar significant (P < .01) decrease in mean blood GHb concentration occurred in 7 cats with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus after diabetic control was improved by an increase in insulin dosage from 1.1 ± 0.9 to 1.4 ± 0.6 U/kg/ 24 h and by feeding a diet containing increased fiber content and in 6 cats with transient diabetes mellitus 8.2 ± 0.6 weeks after discontinuing insulin treatment. There was a significant (P< .01) stress-induced increase in mean fasting blood glucose concentration and mean blood glucose concentration for 12 hours after administration of insulin or glipizide but no change in mean blood GHb concentration in 5 docile diabetic cats 12.2 ± 0.4 weeks after the cats became fractious as a result of frequent hospitalizations and blood samplings. Results of this study suggest that evaluation of blood GHb concentration may be a clinically useful tool for monitoring glycemic control of diabetes in cats.  相似文献   

7.
Fructosamine, a glycated serum protein, was evaluated as an index of glycemic control in normal and diabetic cats. Fructosamine was determined manually by use of a modification of an automated method. The within-run precision was 2.4 to 3.2%, and the day-to-day precision was 2.7 to 3.1%. Fructosamine was found to be stable in serum samples stored for 1 week at 4 C and for 2 weeks at -20 C. The reference range for serum fructosamine concentration in 31 clinically normal colony cats was 2.19 to 3.47 mmol/L (mean, 2.83 +/- 0.32 mmol/L). In 27 samples from 16 cats with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, the range for fructosamine concentration was 3.04 to 8.83 mmol/L (mean, 5.93 +/- 1.35 mmol/L). Fructosamine concentration was directly and highly correlated to blood glucose concentration. Fructosamine concentration also remained high in consort with increased blood glucose concentration in cats with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus over extended periods. It is concluded that measurement of serum fructosamine concentration can be a valuable adjunct to blood glucose monitoring to evaluate glycemic control in diabetic cats. The question of whether fructosamine can replace glucose for monitoring control of diabetes mellitus requires further study.  相似文献   

8.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of protamine zinc insulin (PZI) on control of glycemia in cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus or poorly controlled diabetes. DESIGN: Clinical trial. ANIMALS: 67 diabetic cats. PROCEDURE: 34 cats with newly diagnosed diabetes and 33 cats with poorly controlled diabetes were treated with PZI twice daily for 45 days. Control of glycemia was assessed on days 7, 14, 30, and 45 by evaluation of clinical response, change in body weight, serum fructosamine concentration, blood glucose concentration measured 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 hours after administration of PZI, lowest blood glucose concentration, and mean blood glucose concentration during the 9-hour period after administration. Adjustments in dosage of PZI were made as needed to attain control of glycemia. RESULTS: For all cats, a significant increase in mean dosage of PZI and significant decreases in 9-hour mean blood glucose concentration, lowest mean blood glucose concentration, and mean serum fructosamine concentration were detected. For cats with poorly controlled diabetes, 9-hour mean blood glucose concentration and mean serum fructosamine concentration were significantly decreased on day 45, compared with day 0. Ninety percent of owners reported improvement or resolution of clinical signs by day 45. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that PZI was effective for control of glycemia in cats with newly diagnosed or poorly controlled diabetes and may be used as an initial treatment or as an alternative treatment in cats that do not respond to treatment with other types of insulin.  相似文献   

9.
Objective – To report the prevalence of hyperglycemia in cats admitted to a veterinary hospital and to determine if hyperglycemic cats had increased morbidity and mortality when compared with normoglycemic cats.
Design – Retrospective clinical study.
Setting – Community-based referral hospital.
Animals – Nondiabetic cats admitted to the hospital.
Interventions – None.
Measurements and Main Results – The medical records of nondiabetic cats admitted to the hospital over a 1-year period were reviewed. There were 182 cats that met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Information obtained included signalment, length of hospitalization, initial and highest blood glucose measurement, diagnosis, treatment, and final disposition. Sixty-three percent of cats (116/182) were hyperglycemic at the time of presentation. Total incidence of hyperglycemia at any point during hospitalization was 64% (118/182). No association was found between hyperglycemia either initially or at any point during the hospitalization and mortality. However, a significant association was documented between the presence of hyperglycemia and increased length of hospitalization (LOH) ( P =0.04). The duration of LOH was also significantly associated with the degree of hyperglycemia ( P =0.01). A number of different disease processes were represented in the study population. However, the number of cats in each disease category was small and no association could be found between any of them and blood glucose affecting mortality and morbidity.
Conclusion – The prevalence of hyperglycemia in feline patients admitted to a primary referral hospital was 64%. Cats with hyperglycemia had a longer LOH when compared with normoglycemic cats; however, presence of hyperglycemia did not impact mortality in this population of cats.  相似文献   

10.
Fructosamine   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
Fructosamines are glycated serum proteins that, depending on their life span, reflect glycemic control over the previous 2 to 3 weeks. The nitroblue tetrazolium reduction method adapted to autoanalysis appeared to be a practical means to assay fructosamine quickly, economically, and accurately. The upper limit of the reference range is 374 μmol/L in dogs (95% percentile) and 340 μmol/L in cats (95% percentile). Newly diagnosed diabetic dogs and cats that had not undergone previous insulin therapy had significantly higher fructosamine concentrations than nondiabetic animals. In diabetic dogs that were receiving insulin therapy, the fructosamine test reflected the glycemic state far more accurately than did individual blood glucose measurements. Animals with satisfactory metabolic control revealed fructosamine concentrations within the reference range, whereas fructosamine concentrations above 400 μmol/L indicated insufficient metabolic control. On the basis of fructosamine concentrations, cats with a transitory hyperglycemia and cats with diabetes mellitus were differentiated. The fructosamine test is a valuable parameter for the diagnosis and metabolic control of diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats.  相似文献   

11.
Over representation of Burmese cats with diabetes mellitus   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Objective To determine if Burmese cats in Queensland have an increased risk of diabetes mellitus.
Design A retrospective study of diabetic and nondiabetic cats that had blood submitted to a veterinary clinical laboratory over a 22 month study period.
Sample population 4402 cats
Procedure Cats were considered diabetic if blood glucose concentration was > 11 mmol/L and fructosamine was > 406 μmol/L or hydroxybutyrate was >1 mmol/L. Cats were grouped into Burmese and non-Burmese. Adjusted odds ratios of diabetes were calculated for breed, gender and age group amongst cats with blood glucose > 11 mmol/L.
Results Burmese cats comprised 20% of 45 diabetic cats of known breed, which was higher (P < 0.001) than among the normoglycemic reference population of 2203 cats (7% Burmese). There were more females among the diabetic Burmese (62%), but this did not differ (P > 0.05) from the Burmese reference population (45% females). In contrast, males seemed to predominate among diabetic non-Burmese (63%), although this also did not differ (P > 0.05) from the reference population (55%) or from diabetic Burmese (38% males). The majority (90%) of diabetic cats were older than 6 years, irrespective of breed (median age 12 years, interquartile range 10 to 13 years). This was higher (χ2= 8.13, P < 0.005) than among the normoglycaemic reference population, where 69% were older than 6 years.
Conclusions Burmese cats were significantly over represented among cats with diabetes mellitus. Irrespective of breed, the risk of diabetes in the study population increased with age.  相似文献   

12.
The relationship among serum fructosamine concentration and total serum protein and albumin concentrations were evaluated in healthy and sick dogs (diabetics and dogs with insulinoma were not included). Fructosamine was determined using a commercial colorimetric nitroblue tetrazolium method applied to the Technicon RA-500 (Bayer). Serum fructosamine concentration was not correlated to total protein in normoproteinemic (r = 0.03) and hyperproteinemic dogs (r = 0.29), but there was a high correlation (r = 0.73) in hypoproteinemic dogs. Similar comparison between serum fructosamine and albumin concentrations showed middle correlation (r = 0.49) in normoalbuminemic dogs and high degree of correlation (r = 0.67) in hypoalbuminemic dogs. These results showed the importance of recognizing serum glucose concentration as well as total serum protein and albumin concentrations in the assay of canine serum fructosamine concentration.  相似文献   

13.
Measurements of serum fructosamine, glycated hemoglobin, and glycated albumin (GA) complement serum glucose concentration for better management of diabetes mellitus (DM). Especially, the serum fructosamine test has long been used for diagnosing and monitoring the effect of treatment of DM in dogs. However, fructosamine tests are currently not performed in veterinary medicine in Japan. GA and fructoasmine levels have been shown to strongly correlate. However, the clinical implications of using GA remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was threefold: 1) Determine whether GA% is altered by acute hyperglycemia in normal dogs, simulating stress induced hyperglycemia; 2) Demonstrate that GA% does not dynamically change with diurnal variation of blood glucose concentration in diabetic dogs; and 3) Investigate whether GA% is capable of providing an index of glycemic control for 1–3 weeks in diabetic dogs as is the case with diabetic human patients. Our study demonstrated that serum GA% remains very stable and unaltered under acute hyperglycemic conditions (intravenous glucose injection) and in spite of diurnal variation of blood glucose concentration. Furthermore, serum GA% can reflect long-term changes (almost 1–3 weeks) in blood glucose concentration and the effect of injected insulin in diabetic dogs.  相似文献   

14.
This study compared the effects of a moderate carbohydrate-high fiber (MC-HF) food and a low carbohydrate-low fiber (LC-LF) food on glycemic control in cats with diabetes mellitus. Sixty-three diabetic cats (48 male castrated, 15 female spayed) were randomly assigned to be fed either a canned MC-HF (n = 32) food or a canned LC-LF (n = 31) food for 16 weeks. Owners were blinded to the type of diet fed. CBC, urinalysis, serum chemistry panel, fructosamine concentration and thyroxine concentration were determined on initial examination, and a complete blood count, serum chemistry panel, urinalysis and serum fructosamine concentration were repeated every 4 weeks for 16 weeks. Insulin doses were adjusted as needed to resolve clinical signs and lower serum fructosamine concentrations. Serum glucose (P = 0.0001) and fructosamine (P = 0.0001) concentrations significantly decreased from week 0 to week 16 in both dietary groups. By week 16, significantly more of the cats fed the LC-LF food (68%, 22/31), compared to the cats fed the MC-HF food (41%, 13/32), had reverted to a non-insulin-dependent state (P = 0.03). Cats in both groups were successfully taken off of insulin regardless of age, sex, type of insulin administered or duration of clinical disease before entering the study. There was no significant difference in the initial or final mean body weights or in the mean change in body weight from week 0 to week 16 between dietary groups. Diabetic cats in this study were significantly more likely to revert to a non-insulin-dependent state when fed the canned LC-LF food versus the MC-HF food.  相似文献   

15.
Fructosamines are glycated serum proteins that reflect long-term serum glucose concentrations in humans and several animal species. In the present study, blood samples were drawn from three populations of diabetic cats: untreated diabetic cats with clinical symptoms prevailing only a few days (n = 1), untreated diabetic cats with symptoms lasting more than two weeks (n = 6) and clinically well stabilised diabetic cats receiving insulin twice daily which showed no signs of disease (n = 4). All untreated diabetic cats showed elevated fructosamine measurements. Based on fructosamine measurements, clinically well stabilised diabetic cats could be subdivided further according to the degree of glycaemic control. Diabetic cats with satisfactory glycaemic control revealed fructosamine concentrations within or close to the reference range (146 to 271 umol/litre), whereas fructosamine concentrations above 400 umol/litre indicated insufficient glycaemic control. This study suggests that the fructosamine assay reflects persistently elevated serum glucose concentrations in cats and is a useful parameter for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes mellitus in cats.  相似文献   

16.
The goal of this randomized, double‐blind study was to compare the effects of feeding a low carbohydrate, high protein diet versus a maintenance diet in a group of cats with diabetes mellitus treated with insulin glargine twice daily. All cats with naturally occurring diabetes mellitus not currently treated with insulin glargine or diabetogenic drugs or being fed a low carbohydrate, high protein diet were eligible for inclusion. Baseline testing included a physical examination, complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, urinalysis and urine culture, serum thyroxine concentration, and serum fructosamine concentration. All cats were treated with insulin glargine (starting dose of 0.25 U/kg) twice daily. Insulin was adjusted as needed for glucose regulation. Cats were randomized to receive either a low carbohydrate, high protein diet or a feline maintenance diet. Re‐evaluations were performed on all cats at weeks 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10, and included an assessment of clinical signs, physical examination, 12‐h blood glucose curve, and serum fructosamine concentrations. Changes in continuous variables over the course of the study were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ten cats have completed the study. There were no significant differences between diet groups at baseline for age, gender, weight, body condition score, serum glucose or fructosamine concentrations. Although there was not a significant difference over time in clinical signs, insulin doses, or peak or nadir glucose concentrations between diet groups, diet did have a significant effect on serum fructosamine concentrations (p = 0.01). Six of the 10 cats that have completed the study achieved complete remission by the end of the study period, with no statistical difference between diets. The study's results indicate that diet can have significant effects on glucose regulation in cats receiving insulin glargine for treatment of feline diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   

17.
The relation of the glycated serum protein, fructosamine, to serum protein, albumin, and glucose concentrations was examined in healthy dogs, dogs with hypo- or hyperproteinemia, and diabetic dogs. Fructosamine was determined by use of an adaptation of an automated kit method. The reference range for fructosamine in a composite group of control dogs was found to be 1.7 to 3.38 mmol/L (mean +/- SD, 2.54 +/- 0.42 mmol/L). Fructosamine was not correlated to serum total protein, but was highly correlated to albumin in dogs with hypoalbuminemia. To normalize the data with respect to albumin, it is suggested that the lower limit of the reference range for albumin concentration (2.5 g/dl) be used for adjustment of fructosamine concentration and only in hypoalbuminemic dogs. In 6 hyperglycemic diabetic dogs, fructosamine concentration was well above the reference range. It is concluded that although fructosamine may be a potentially useful guide to assess the average blood glucose concentration over the preceding few days in dogs, further study is required to establish its value as a guide to glucose control in diabetic dogs.  相似文献   

18.
The goals of this study were to compare the efficacy of once-daily administered Glargine insulin to twice-daily administered Lente insulin in cats with diabetes mellitus and to describe the use of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet designed for the management of diabetes mellitus in cats. All cats with naturally occurring diabetes mellitus were eligible for inclusion. Baseline testing included a physical examination, serum biochemistry, urinalysis and urine culture, serum thyroxine concentration, and serum fructosamine concentration. All cats were fed the high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet exclusively. Cats were randomized to receive either 0.5 U/kg Lente insulin q12h or 0.5 U/kg Glargine insulin q24h. Re-evaluations were performed on all cats at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12, and included an assessment of clinical signs, physical examination, 16-hour blood glucose curve, and serum fructosamine concentrations. Thirteen cats completed the study (Lente, n = 7, Glargine, n = 6). There was significant improvement in serum fructosamine and glucose concentrations in all cats but there was no significant difference between the 2 insulin groups. Four of the 13 cats were in complete remission by the end of the study period (Lente, n = 3; Glargine, n = 1). The results of the study support the use of once-daily insulin Glargine or twice-daily Lente insulin in combination with a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet for treatment of feline diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   

19.
Background: This study describes the efficacy of a new protamine zinc recombinant human insulin (PZIR) preparation for treating diabetic cats. Objective: To evaluate effects of PZIR on control of glycemia in cats with newly diagnosed or poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Animals: One hundred and thirty‐three diabetic cats 120 newly diagnosed and 13 previously treated. Methods: Prospective, uncontrolled clinical trial. Cats were treated with PZIR twice daily for 45 days. Control of glycemia was assessed on days 7, 14, 30, and 45 by evaluation of change in water consumption, frequency of urination, appetite, and body weight, serum fructosamine concentration, and blood glucose concentrations determined 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 hours after administration of PZIR. Adjustments in dosage of PZIR were made as needed to control glycemia. Results: PZIR administration resulted in a significant decrease in 9‐hour mean blood glucose (199 ± 114 versus 417 ± 83 mg/dL, X± SD, P < .001) and serum fructosamine (375 ± 117 versus 505 ± 96 μmol/L, P < .001) concentration and a significant increase in mean body weight (5.9 ± 1.4 versus 5.4 ± 1.5 kg, P= .017) in 133 diabetic cats at day 45 compared with day 0, respectively. By day 45, polyuria and polydipsia had improved in 79% (105 of 133), 89% (118 of 133) had a good body condition, and 9‐hour mean blood glucose concentration, serum fructosamine concentration, or both had improved in 84% (112 of 133) of the cats compared with day 0. Hypoglycemia (<80 mg/dL) was identified in 151 of 678, 9‐hour serial blood glucose determinations and in 85 of 133 diabetic cats. Hypoglycemia causing clinical signs was confirmed in 2 diabetic cats. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: PZIR is effective for controlling glycemia in diabetic cats and can be used as an initial treatment or as an alternative treatment in diabetic cats that do not respond to treatment with other insulin preparations.  相似文献   

20.
The effect was studied of an acute and non-persistent hyperglycaemia on the serum fructosamine and blood glycated haemoglobin concentrations in canine samples. Five dogs were given glucose solution intravenously and blood samples were taken from each dog before and at 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min and 24 h after the infusion. There was an intense hyperglycaemia 5 min after the injection was given, but no statistically significant differences in the serum fructosamine and glycated haemoglobin were observed. It was concluded that an acute and transient hyperglycaemia does not cause significant changes in the glycated haemoglobin and fructosamine concentrations in healthy dogs.  相似文献   

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