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1.
OBJECTIVE: To describe in horses and ponies a laparoscopic ovariectomy technique facilitated by electrosurgical instrumentation. STUDY DESIGN: Elective ovariectomy was performed in 23 mares using laparoscopic electrosurgical instrumentation. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: Twenty-three mares (13 horses, 10 ponies), aged from 2 to 21 years and weighing 90 to 545 kg. METHODS: Food was withheld for a minimum of 12 hours. Mares were sedated with detomidine hydrochloride (0.02 to 0.03 mg/kg) or xylazine hydrochloride (0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg). Excluding the pony mares, all other mares were restrained in stocks. Portal sites in the paralumbar fossa region were desensitized with 2% mepivacaine. Abdominal insufflation was achieved through a teat cannula positioned in the ventral abdomen or a Verres-type needle placed through the paralumbar fossa. After trocar and laparoscope insertion, the ipsilateral ovary and mesovarium were identified, and the mesovarium, tubal membrane, and proper ligament were infiltrated with 2% mepivacaine. The mesovarium was coagulated using bipolar or monopolar electrosurgical forceps and transected sequentially from cranial to caudal until the ovary was completely freed and then removed. The contralateral ovary was removed in a similar fashion through the opposite paralumbar fossa. RESULTS: Bipolar and monopolar electrosurgical forceps were easy to use and provided adequate coagulation of vessels within the mesovarium. Two mares were euthanatized after the procedure for unrelated reasons. One mare had mild signs of colic 24 hours after ovariectomy. In 1 pony mare, the incision used to remove one ovary dehisced on the 5th postoperative day and was allowed to heal by second-intention. No long-term complications had occurred in 11 horses and 10 ponies, 6 to 24 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic ovariectomy and hemostasis of the mesovarium can be easily accomplished using electrosurgical instrumentation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Standing laparoscopic ovariectomy, using electrosurgical instrumentation, is an effective and safe technique to provide hemostasis of the mesovarium in mares. 相似文献
2.
Joyce J Hendrickson DA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2006,229(11):1779-1783
OBJECTIVE: To compare pain responses in stallions undergoing standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy following intratesticular or mesorchial infiltration of lidocaine. DESIGN: Clinical trial. ANIMALS: 20 stallions with 1 or 2 undescended testes. PROCEDURES: Standing horses were administered a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and a caudal epidural injection of detomidine hydrochloride and underwent laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy. The undescended testis (1/horse) was grasped to determine the preoperative pain response (present vs absent) and assess severity of pain (by use of a visual analog scale [VAS]). The undescended testis or its mesorchium was injected with 2% lidocaine (10 mL); saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (10 mL) was injected in the untreated structure. Presence and severity of pain was determined by 2 individuals as the testis was grasped following infiltration and at the times of ligature placement and transection of the spermatic cord. Serum cortisol concentration was analyzed preoperatively, after ligation, and after transection. Presence or absence of signs of pain, severity of pain, and serum cortisol concentrations were compared within and between treatment groups. RESULTS: Detection of signs of pain and VAS pain scores did not differ between observers at any time point. Perceived pain responses associated with ligature placement differed significantly from preoperative responses. Pain responses and serum cortisol concentrations after intratesticular and mesorchial infiltration of lidocaine did not differ. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that intratesticular or mesorchial infiltration of lidocaine combined with administration of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and caudal epidural injection of detomidine provides adequate analgesia in standing stallions undergoing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy. 相似文献
3.
Bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing mares: 22 cases 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique for laparoscopic bilateral ovariectomy in standing mares and report the outcome of 22 clinical cases. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: A total of 22 mares between 4 and 23 years of age, weighing between 360 and 600 kg. METHODS: Mares with normal ovaries, as determined by palpation per rectum, were restrained in standing stocks and sedated with detomidine (0.01 to 0.02 mg/kg intravenously [i.v.]) and butorphanol (0.01 to 0.02 mg/kg i.v.). The laparoscope and instrument insertion sites were infiltrated with 2% lidocaine before incision. One laparoscope portal and two instrument portals were located in each paralumbar fossa. Ovariectomy was accomplished by intracorporeal dissection and ligation of the ovarian pedicles. The two instrument portals in each flank were ultimately connected resulting in a 4 to 5 cm laparotomy to facilitate ovarian removal. RESULTS: No major operative or postoperative complications occurred. Minor complications included incomplete hemostasis of an ovarian pedicle with a single ligature (three mares), transient inappetence, pyrexia and incisional infection. Owner satisfaction and cosmetic results were considered excellent. CONCLUSIONS: Standing laparoscopic ovariectomy appears to eliminate many of the potential complications associated with traditional surgical methods for ovariectomy and avoids the risk of general anesthesia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This technique requires minimal laparoscopic instrumentation and will provide surgeons with an alternative approach for bilateral ovariectomy in mares. 相似文献
4.
Objective: To describe a standing laparoscopic ovariectomy technique with intraabdominal ovarian dissection inside a specimen retrieval bag for removal of large pathologic ovaries through small incisions. Study Design: Case series. Animals: Mares (n=43) aged 2–21 years and weighing 380–680 kg. Methods: Unilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy was performed on 43 standing sedated mares. Ovaries were approached via 3 portal sites, 2 in the paralumbar fossa and a 3rd between the 17th and 18th ribs on the ipsilateral side. Ovaries were dissected free using either a LiNA Tripol‐bipolar laparoscopic forceps or a Ligasure™ Vessel Sealing Device and removed by enlarging the proximal portal site ventrally using a grid technique. Use of a plastic specimen retrieval bag and cannula suction device facilitated intraabdominal dissection of very large ovaries into 2 or more pieces, before removal through small incisions. Results: Regardless of size, all ovaries were removed successfully through small incisions (range, 5–10 cm), with no major complications and an excellent cosmetic result. All sport horses returned to previous levels of work or higher, with 93% of breeding mares successfully bred in the 1st season after surgery. Conclusions: Large pathologic ovaries can be easily and safely removed by standing laparoscopic ovariectomy on the mare. Clinical Relevance: Standing laparoscopic ovariectomy combined with a small flank incision is a safe and highly effective technique for removal of large pathologic ovaries in the mare, negating the requirement for general anesthesia or large incisions. 相似文献
5.
Objective— To describe a surgical technique for repair of grade IV rectal tears after parturition in mares and to report outcome.
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— Horses (n=6) with grade IV rectal tears.
Methods— Mares were sedated and restrained in standing stocks. After caudal anesthesia and evacuation of feces from the rectum, the perineal region was aseptically prepared. Four stay sutures were placed through the external anal sphincter before vertical transection (12 o'clock). Caudal retraction of the tear was performed using Allis tissue forceps (5 mares) or stay sutures before accurate apposition of the tear margins with steel staples below the tissue forceps. The mucosal edges were then sharply dissected leaving ∼5 mm edges which were apposed in a single layer (2-0 poliglecaprone 25) before stapler release. In 1 mare, the rectal tear was identified and apposed using a 2-layer hand-sutured closure. Systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents were administered postoperatively (5 mares) and standing abdominal lavage performed (3 mares).
Results— Four mares survived long term and subsequently became pregnant. Immediately after surgical repair, 1 mare was anesthetized for exploratory celiotomy and abdominal lavage but fractured her pelvis during recovery from anesthesia and was euthanatized. A 2nd mare was euthanatized after 72 h because of severe diffuse peritonitis; however, the repair was still intact.
Conclusion— In standing mares, rectal tears can be exteriorized by prolapse through the anal sphincter after sphincterotomy and repaired in 2 layers with staples oversewn with a continuous suture pattern.
Clinical Relevance— Rectal tears occurring as a result of parturition can potentially be repaired efficiently using an oversewn stapled primary closure technique. 相似文献
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— Horses (n=6) with grade IV rectal tears.
Methods— Mares were sedated and restrained in standing stocks. After caudal anesthesia and evacuation of feces from the rectum, the perineal region was aseptically prepared. Four stay sutures were placed through the external anal sphincter before vertical transection (12 o'clock). Caudal retraction of the tear was performed using Allis tissue forceps (5 mares) or stay sutures before accurate apposition of the tear margins with steel staples below the tissue forceps. The mucosal edges were then sharply dissected leaving ∼5 mm edges which were apposed in a single layer (2-0 poliglecaprone 25) before stapler release. In 1 mare, the rectal tear was identified and apposed using a 2-layer hand-sutured closure. Systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents were administered postoperatively (5 mares) and standing abdominal lavage performed (3 mares).
Results— Four mares survived long term and subsequently became pregnant. Immediately after surgical repair, 1 mare was anesthetized for exploratory celiotomy and abdominal lavage but fractured her pelvis during recovery from anesthesia and was euthanatized. A 2nd mare was euthanatized after 72 h because of severe diffuse peritonitis; however, the repair was still intact.
Conclusion— In standing mares, rectal tears can be exteriorized by prolapse through the anal sphincter after sphincterotomy and repaired in 2 layers with staples oversewn with a continuous suture pattern.
Clinical Relevance— Rectal tears occurring as a result of parturition can potentially be repaired efficiently using an oversewn stapled primary closure technique. 相似文献
6.
OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of i.v. administered yohimbine on perineal analgesia, cardiovascular and respiratory activity, and head and pelvic limb position in healthy mares following epidural administration of detomidine hydrochloride solution. ANIMALS: 8 healthy mares. PROCEDURE: Each mare received detomidine hydrochloride (0.06 mg/kg of body weight), administered in the caudal epidural space, followed 61 minutes later by yohimbine (0.05 mg/kg; test) or sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control), administered i.v., in a randomized, crossover study design with > or = 2 weeks between treatments. Analgesia was determined by lack of sensory perception to electrical stimulation of perineal dermatomes and needle-prick stimulation of coccygeal to 15th thoracic dermatomes. Arterial pH, PaCO2, PaO2, heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature, arterial blood pressure, and cardiac output were determined, and mares were observed for sweating and urination. Mean scores obtained for test and control groups were compared. RESULTS: Intravenously administered yohimbine significantly reduced mean scores of detomidine-induced perineal analgesia, head ptosis, changes in pelvic limb position, and sweating and diuresis; antagonized detomidine-induced decreases in heart rate and cardiac output; but did not affect detomidine-induced decrease in respiratory rate. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Most effects of epidurally administered detomidine, except bradypnea, were antagonized by yohimbine, suggesting that detomidine may influence respiratory rate by mechanisms other than stimulation of alpha2-adrenoceptors, or that yohimbine induces respiratory depressant effects. Yohimbine may be an effective alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist for all but respiratory depression following epidural administration of detomidine to mares. 相似文献
7.
Akira GOTO Masaaki TAGAMI Fumiki KATO Tsukasa SUZUKI Takashi YAMAGA Harutaka MURASE Fumio SATO Munkhtuul TSOGTGEREL Tadamasa NIIKURA Tomoe MORIYAMA Akiko CHIBA Ken-ichi WATANABE Nao TSUZUKI Yasuo NAMBO 《Journal of Equine Science》2021,32(4):147
We performed a standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy in a draft mare that presented with high serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and had an enlarged single cystic ovary. Histopathological examination revealed no tumor cell proliferation in the ovary, but the presence of a large ovarian cyst was confirmed. In the diagnosis of abnormal ovaries in mares, a comprehensive assessment should be performed, including the monitoring of ovarian morphology and biomarkers over time, to determine the disease prognosis and treatment plan. The case of this mare with a nonneoplastic abnormal ovary and increased serum AMH level was rare. We suggest that standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy is useful for the removal of large ovaries in draft mares. 相似文献
8.
Farstvedt EG Hendrickson DA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,227(4):593-596
OBJECTIVE: To compare intraoperative pain responses following intraovarian versus mesovarian injection of lidocaine in mares undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. ANIMALS: 15 mares between 4 and 20 years old. PROCEDURE: Standard bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy was performed. Prior to manipulation of the ovary, 2% lidocaine (10 mL) was injected into the ovary and saline (0.9% NaCI) solution (10 mL) was injected into the mesovarium on 1 side, with saline solution (10 mL) injected into the ovary and 2% lidocaine (10 mL) injected into the mesovarium on the other side. Presence (yes vs no) and severity (visual analogue scale) of pain were scored at 5 times (grasping of the ovary, dissection of the mesosalpinx, tightening of the first loop ligature, tightening of the second loop ligature, and transection of the ovarian pedicle) by 2 individuals blinded to treatment and each other's observations. RESULTS: During 4 of the 5 observation periods, significantly fewer mares had signs of pain following mesovarian injection of lidocaine, and during 2 of the 5 observation periods, visual analogue scale score was significantly lower. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that mesovarian injection of lidocaine is associated with significantly lower pain responses, compared with intraovarian injection, in horses undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. 相似文献
9.
Alldredge JG Hendrickson DA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,225(10):1578-80, 1548
A method for performing laparoscopic ovariectomy with high-power ultrasonic shears in mares is described, along with results in 10 mares. Briefly, after epidural administration of detomidine and local anesthesia with mepivacaine, 3 cannulas were placed in each paralumbar fossa. A laparoscope was placed through the most dorsal cannula, and a grasping forceps was placed through the most ventral cannula and used to grasp and manipulate the ovary. The ultrasonic shears was then placed through the middle cannula. The jaws of the ultrasonic shears were closed across a portion of the ovarian pedicle, and the instrument was discharged until tissue within the jaws was transected; the process was repeated until the entire ovarian pedicle was transected. Following removal of the right ovary, it was passed to the left side of the abdomen and both ovaries were removed through an incision in the left paralumbar fossa. No major complications were identified in any of the 10 mares. However, excessive bleeding necessitating reapplication of the ultrasonic shears (2 ovaries) or application of ligating clips (8) was encountered with 10 of the 20 ovaries. Laparoscopic ovariectomy with a high-power ultrasonic shears appears to be safe in mares. 相似文献
10.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a laparoscopic technique for granulosa cell tumor removal using a vessel sealing device (LigaSuretrade mark) in standing mares. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Eight mares (8-24 years old; weighing, 406-525 kg). METHODS: Before surgery, ovarian size and adjacent body wall thickness was determined by ultrasonography. Mares were sedated and after local anesthesia (inverted L and local infiltration), laparoscopic cannulation was performed without insufflation. The mesovarium was anesthetized and the LigaSure instrument applied to the mesovarium for hemostasis and resection to remove the affected ovary. Mares were hospitalized for 24 hours before discharge. RESULTS: Median ovarian diameter was 10.5 cm (range, 6-14 cm). Median surgery time was 75 minutes (range, 40-180 minutes). Hemostasis was achieved using the LigaSure device in all mares. Median length of the abdominal wall incision made to remove the ovary was 13 cm (range, 5-17 cm); no incisional complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The LigaSure vessel sealing device provided adequate hemostasis for removal of larger neoplastic ovaries in standing mares. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Concerns of ligature placement can be alleviated by use of the LigaSure device and standing laparoscopic technique provides excellent observation of the surgical field ensuring hemostasis. 相似文献
11.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a technique for laparoscopic tubal (oviductal) ligation and to evaluate pregnancy rates for mares that ovulated ipsilateral or contralateral to the ligated oviduct. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical trial comparing pregnancy rates after unilateral laparoscopic tubal ligation. ANIMALS: Twelve mares of light horse breeds. METHODS: One oviduct in each of 6 mares was surgically ligated with a laparoscopic technique; 6 other mares served as nonligated controls. Mares with unilateral tubal ligations (UTL) were inseminated with 500 million progressively motile sperm during 1 cycle when the dominant follicle was ipsilateral to the ligation site and 1 cycle when the dominant follicle was contralateral to the ligation site. Control mares were bred during 2 cycles regardless of the side of the dominant follicle. Pregnancy examinations were performed on days 12, 14, and 16 after ovulation by transrectal ultrasonography. RESULTS: None of the mares became pregnant when ovulations occurred from the ovary adjacent to the ligated oviduct. All 6 mares became pregnant on the first cycle when an ovulation occurred from the opposite ovary. Control mares became pregnant on 10 of 12 cycles (83.3 %). CONCLUSIONS: UTL was completely effective in preventing pregnancy when ovulation occurred ipsilateral to the ligation site. The surgical procedure did not interfere with the establishment of pregnancy when ovulation occurred from the contralateral ovary. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: UTL may be a clinically useful procedure for preparing a recipient mare for gamete intrafallopian transfer. The recipient mare could be allowed to ovulate and UTL would prevent fertilization of her oocyte but would not interfere with normal corpus luteum formation. The donor oocyte could be placed into the oviduct contralateral to the UTL site. 相似文献
12.
Objective: To review the efficacy and safety of unilateral ovariectomy by use of a standing hand‐assisted laparoscopic approach and evaluate the effect of ovary size on posttransection hemorrhage after application of a linear stapling device. Study Design: Case series. Animals: Horses (n=65) aged 2–20 years. Methods: Medical records of mares that had ovariectomy performed by use of a standing hand‐assisted laparoscopic approach were reviewed. Data retrieved were signalment, ovary removed (left, right), ovarian size, ovarian pathology, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and length of hospitalization. Results: Mean ovarian diameter was 17 cm. Histopathology (52 mares) confirmed 41 granulosa cell tumors (79%), 8 ovarian cysts (15%), 1 teratoma (2%), and 2 ovaries (4%) without abnormalities. Hemorrhage was observed laparoscopically in 16 mares after transection of the mesovarium. Complications encountered during surgery included 1 mare collapsing in the stocks and 1 mare that hemorrhaged excessively from the incision. Postoperative complications included 2 cases of mild colic. Overall complication rate was 6%. Conclusions: All attempts to remove the target ovary were successful. The approach is safe for the mare, as complications encountered were similar to those recently reported for other approaches. 相似文献
13.
Crabtree J 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(10):251
This paper reviews the equine granulosa cell tumour (GCT) and describes the clinicopathological features, treatment and outcome in seven cases of GCT in mares. Mares were presented with unilateral ovarian enlargement during the 2007 to 2010 breeding seasons. The mean (sd) age of the mares was 11.7 (5.96) years. Three mares were multiparous barren, three were nulliparous and one was primigravida. Behaviour at presentation was 57 per cent anoestrus, 28 per cent with stallion-like behaviour and 14 per cent with persistent oestrus. All mares had unilateral ovarian enlargement. Six non-pregnant mares had a small and inactive contralateral ovary; the pregnant mare had a single small corpus luteum on the contralateral ovary and was at three-and-a-half months' gestation. Enlarged ovaries measured 7 cm to an estimated 30 cm in diameter. 28 per cent had a multicystic ultrasound appearance, 57 per cent were dense structures and 14 per cent were of mixed appearance. Mean concentrations of progesterone were <1 ng/ml, oestrone sulphate 3.06 (2.32) ng/ml and testosterone 0.58 (0.64) nmol/l in non-pregnant mares. Inhibin was elevated in all non-pregnant cases at 7.6 (12.45) ng/ml. The pregnant mare had concentrations of progesterone 2.5 ng/ml, oestrone sulphate 81.0 ng/ml, testosterone 1.9 nmol/l and inhibin 1.31 ng/ml. Mares demonstrating stallion-like behaviour had a significantly higher (P<0.001) testosterone concentration (1.85 [0.07] nmol/l) than those that did not (0.34 [0.26] nmol/l). Three mares underwent unilateral ovariectomy and resumed cyclic ovarian activity within nine months of surgery. 相似文献
14.
OBJECTIVE: To describe use of a polyamide tie-rap to ligate the mesovarium during standing laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: Ten mares. METHODS: Bilateral ovariectomy was performed in 10 mares. Standing laparoscopic ovariectomy was performed using 3 portals in the paralumbar fossa. A commercial polyamide tie-rap was prepared as a loop and marked with 4 colored lines close to the buckle, to enable us to check whether the loop was tightened securely. The ovary was grasped with forceps and after the mesovarium was minimally transected cranially and caudally, the loop of the tie-rap was inserted in the abdomen and placed around the mesovarium. It was firmly tightened, until at least 3 of the 4 marks were visible, then the end of the tie-rap was cut. The ovary was transected and removed through an enlarged 3rd portal. The contralateral ovary was removed similarly through the opposite paralumbar fossa. Repeat laparoscopy was performed in 8 mares, 2, 3, 4, and 12 weeks later. RESULTS: None of the mares had postoperative discomfort. On repeat laparoscopy, there was complete encapsulation of the stump and tie-rap after 3-4 weeks. In 2 mares, an adhesion between the left stump and the mesentery of the descending colon was observed. CONCLUSION: Ligation of the mesovarium can be easily and safely performed using a polyamide tie-rap during standing laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Standing laparoscopic ovariectomy using a polyamide tie-rap is a safe, technically easy and reliable surgical procedure in the mare. 相似文献
15.
Mares give birth under high parasympathetic tone as indicated by increased heart rate variability (HRV) and atrioventricular blocks. These changes might be induced by oxytocin released at foaling. In this short communication, the cardiac (n = 4) and cortisol response (n = 3) of mares treated with oxytocin infusions because of fetal membrane retention are reported. A marked cortisol release occurred during oxytocin infusion in two mares but not in a third mare which was infused for 6 minutes only. Oxytocin-induced cortisol release was neither accompanied by an increase in heart rate nor a decrease in HRV, and heart rate even decreased during oxytocin infusions. Preliminary data indicate that cortisol release in oxytocin-treated mares is not a stress response. Treatment of retained membranes in mares with oxytocin does not induce cardiovascular side effects. 相似文献
16.
Mohamed A.M. Alsafy Mahmoud H. El-Kammar Mostafa M. Kassem Samir A.A. El-Gendy Ahmad N. EL-Khamary 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed laparoscopic anatomy of the caudal abdominal region of mare in a standing position and to evaluate and modify a technique for standing laparoscopic ovariectomy using combination between hand-tied ligating loop and electrocoagulation techniques, as the ligating loops, electrocoagulation, and modified electroligation laparoscopic ovariectomy were applied using nine adult mares. Laparoscopy was practical and effective for direct visual examination of internal abdominal organs in the mare. Ventral dislocation of abdominal viscera after pneumoperitoneum was established with the mare in standing position, which provided an excellent inspection of the dorsal and ventral structures in the peritoneal cavity on the right and left sides. Standing laparoscopic ovariectomy using an electroligation modified method was considered a safe and effective method for hemostasis of the mesovarium, technically easy, time saving, and economical. The mean surgical time for bilateral ovariectomy was 40 ± 7.63, 60 ± 5.25, and 85 ± 6.43 minutes for electroligation-modified technique, ligating loops technique, and electrocoagulation technique, respectively. 相似文献
17.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate use of ENDO-GIA staples and ENDO-Catch pouches for ovariectomy in mares and to evaluate the efficacy of epidural morphine analgesia. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. ANIMALS: Mares (n = 10) with normal ovaries. METHODS: An Endo-GIA II stapler (United States Surgical Corp., Norwalk, CT) was used to amputate the ovaries bilaterally, in standing mares, and Endo-Catch II pouches (United States Surgical Corp.) were used for retrieval. Epidural morphine was used in 5 mares, and procedure duration, volume of lidocaine required to desensitize the ovarian pedicle, and sedation were compared with horses not administered epidural morphine. RESULTS: Use of the Endo-GIA II stapling device was an easy and an efficient method of ovariectomy, which was facilitated by use of epidural morphine. For the epidural group, the mean (+/-SD) surgical time was 69.2 +/- 10.2 minutes compared with 124.4 +/- 21.2 minutes for mares not administered morphine. Less systemic sedation was required for mares administered epidural morphine. CONCLUSIONS: Minimal ovarian manipulation was required to apply the stapler, hemorrhage was slight, and none of the mares had complications. Epidural morphine provided effective analgesia, improving patient comfort, and reduced the sedation needed to perform ovariectomy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Endo-GIA II staples are an efficient method for ovariectomy in normal mares. Epidural morphine should be considered to facilitate ovariectomy because less sedation and local anesthetic administration is required. 相似文献
18.
Martin Kummer DVM Diplomate ECVS Felix Theiss DVM Diplomate ECVS Michelle Jackson DVM Diplomate ECVS Anton Fürst DVM Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(5):649-653
Objective: To describe a motorized morcellator technique for laparoscopic removal of granulosa‐theca cell tumors (GCT) in standing mares and to evaluate long‐term outcome. Study Design: Case series. Animals: Mares (n=7) aged 4–15 years, with unilateral GCT. Methods: Tumor size was determined by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography. Standing sedated mares had 3 laparoscopic portal sites in the paralumbar fossa. After laparoscopic observation of the GCT, the mesovarium was desensitized, the ovarian pedicle transected with a LigaSure® device, and the ovary grasped with forceps and cut in cylindrical tissue blocks using a motorized morcellator. Tissue blocks were removed through the laparoscopic sleeve. Outcome was determined by telephone interview of owners 6–40 months after surgery. Results: Estimated ultrasonographic median GCT diameter was 17 cm (range, 10–22 cm). Surgical time was 2–4.5 hours. There were no surgical complications. Two mares had mild subcutaneous emphysema at the portals after surgery. Convalescence was short, owners were satisfied with cosmetic outcome, and clinical signs associated with GCT did not recur. Conclusion: The motorized morcellator allows piecemeal removal of large GCT through a relatively small laparoscopic portal. Surgical complications were rare and the cosmetic outcome is favorable. Clinical Relevance: A motorized morcellator is a safe and minimally invasive technique for laparoscopic removal of GCT in mares. 相似文献
19.
Bilateral ovariectomy of mares is performed most commonly to eliminate or diminish unwanted behaviour, create a teaser mare, sterilise a mare so that it can be registered in its breed association, or produce a recipient mare for embryo transfer. A practical technique of bilateral ovariectomy that can be easily performed without the mare sedated and without a surgical facility is ovariectomy through a colpotomy. Ovariectomy through a colpotomy is less expensive than ovariectomy using other approaches because it is performed with the mare standing, can be performed quickly and the only specialised instrument required is a chain écraseur. Complications of ovariectomy performed through a colpotomy are uncommon when the mare is correctly prepared for the procedure and when proper precautions are taken during and after the procedure. 相似文献
20.
van Dijk P Lankveld DP Rijkenhuizen AB Jonker FH 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):71-79
Objective To assess the hormonal, metabolic and physiological effects of laparascopic surgery performed under a sedative analgesic combination of detomidine and buprenorphine in standing horses. Study design Prospective study. Animals Eight healthy adult Dutch Warmblood horses and five healthy adult ponies undergoing laparoscopy were studied. Five healthy adult horses not undergoing laparoscopy were used as a control group. Methods The sedative effect of an initial detomidine and buprenorphine injection was maintained using a continuous infusion of detomidine alone. The heart and respiratory rate, arterial blood pH and arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions were monitored, while blood samples were taken for the measurement of glucose, lactate, cortisol, insulin and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). The same variables were monitored in a control group of horses which were sedated, but which did not undergo surgery. At the end of the sedation period the effects of detomidine were antagonized using atipamezole. Results The protocol provided suitable conditions for standing laparoscopy in horses. Laparoscopy induced obvious metabolic and endocrine responses which, with the exception of NEFA values, were not significantly different from changes found in the control group. While atipamezole did not produce detectable adverse effects, it is possible that anatagonism may not be essential. Conclusions The technique described reliably produces adequate sedation and analgesia for laparoscopic procedures. The level of sedation/analgesia was controlled by decreasing or increasing the infusion rate. Antagonism of the effects of detomidine may not be necessary in all cases. 相似文献