Sources of resistance to Mayetiola Destructor in breadwheat and durum wheat in Morocco     

Lynn W. Gallagher  Abderrahim Benyassine  Ouafae Benlhabib  Mohamed Obanni 《Euphytica》1987,36(2):591-602

Summary Grain yield reductions of both breadwheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) caused by attacks of Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor Say) are second perhaps only to those caused by inadequate soil moisture in Morocco. To identify effective sources of resistance, 817 entries of common wheat and durum wheat reported to be resistant to Hessian fly were evaluated under natural infestations in Morocco. A large number of genes conferring virulence are present in populations of Moroccan Mayetiola. The genes H₁, H₂, H₃, h₄, H₆, H₇, H₈, H₉, H₁₀, H₁₁, H₁₄, H₁₅, and H₁₆ as well as the Marquillo, Kawvale and PI 94587 resistance sources are not useful for cereal improvement in North Africa. Luso, which has the gene H₁₂, also appeared susceptible in limited testing. Genotypes having the genes H₅ and H₁₃ were identified as significantly reducing larval survial in natural populations of Mayetiola. Of 11 resistant breadwheats identified with unknown genes, seven were from Portugal and three were from the Soviet Union. Although none of the durums tested had high levels of reistance, the two most promising durums were from Portugal. It is proposed that initially H₅ be deployed in durum wheats and H₁₃ be used in common wheat improvement. Leaf pubescence appears of little use in reducing the larval survival of Mayetiola.  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in spring wheat   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. K. Joshi    S. Kumar    R. Chand  G. Ortiz-Ferrara   《Plant Breeding》2004,123(3):213-219

Three F₁ progenies and their families in the segregating generations (F₃, F₄, F₅ and F₆), obtained after crossing resistant × susceptible wheat genotypes were studied in the field to determine the genetics of resistance to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana. Spot blotch scores in the F₁ generation showed absence of dominance. Individually threshed F₂ plants were used to advance the generations. Progenies (200‐250) of resistant genotypes Acc. No. 8226, Mon/Ald, Suzhoe#8 crossed with susceptible ‘Sonalika’ were evaluated in the F₃, F₄, F₅ and F₆ generations under induced epiphytotic conditions. Based on disease score distribution in individual progeny rows, F₃ progenies were grouped into four classes: homozygous resistant, homozygous susceptible, segregating resistant and segregating susceptible. Resistance appeared to be under the control of three additive genes. The presence of three genes was also noted in the distribution of F₄ and F₅ lines. In the case of F₆ progeny rows, both quantitative and qualitative models were used to estimate the number of segregating genes based on a 2‐year trial. It appeared that resistance to spot blotch was controlled by the additive interaction of more than two genes, possibly only three.  相似文献   

Pyramiding of two bacterial blight resistance and a semidwarfing gene in Type 3 Basmati using marker-assisted selection     

Deepak Rajpurohit  Rahul Kumar  Mankesh Kumar  Priyanka Paul  Anjali Awasthi  P. Osman Basha  Anju Puri  Tripta Jhang  Kuldeep Singh  Harcharan Singh Dhaliwal 《Euphytica》2011,178(1):111-126

A traditional Type 3 Basmati rice cultivar grown in India is tall and lodges even under low nitrogen fertilizer dose. In addition to lodging, it is highly susceptible to several diseases and pests including bacterial blight (BB). BB resistance genes (Xa21 and xa13) and a semidwarfing gene (sd-1) were pyramided in Type 3 Basmati from a rice cultivar PR106-P2 using marker-assisted selection (MAS). Foreground selection for BB resistance genes, Xa21 and xa13 and reduced plant height gene, sd-1 was carried on the basis of linked molecular markers pTA248, RG136 and ‘h’, respectively. The BC₂F₃ progenies with both the BB resistance genes were highly resistant with lower lesion length than either of the genes individually. Background profiling of the selected 16 BC₂F₃ progenies was done using 95 anchored SSR and 12 ISSR markers. Among the selected 16 BC₂F₃ progenies, 38-5-2 and 38-5-36 closely clustered along with the recipient parent Type 3 Basmati showing above 85% genetic similarity with the same. Further selection was continued till F₅ generation for higher recovery for Type 3 Basmati characteristics. The desirable alleles of intermediate amylose content (wx) and aroma (fgr) loci of Type 3 Basmati were also tracked using the linked SSR markers. The BC₂F₅ pyramid lines T3-4, T3-5, T3-6 and T3-7 homozygous for the three target genes Xa21, xa13 and sd-1 from the donor parent with wx and fgr alleles of Type 3 Basmati had excellent cooking quality and strong aroma.  相似文献   

Trisomic analysis of new gene for late heading in rice, Oryza sativa L     

Leang Hak Khun  Shuhei Miyaji  Keiji Motomura  Seiichi Murayama  Shinichi Adaniya  Akihiro Nose 《Euphytica》2006,151(2):235-241

A near isogenic line, T65-LH7 bred from a rice variety, Ketan Nangka by five times of successive backcrossing with Taichung 65 (T65) as recurrent parent was found to carry a recessive lateness gene tentatively designated as ef6(t). The present study was performed to investigate the allelic relationships between ef6(t) and other heading time genes, Ef1, Efx, ef2(t), ef3(t), ef4(t) and ef5 by allelism test and to locate the chromosomal location of ef6(t) by trisomic analysis. In allelism test, six testers carrying each of heading time genes, Ef1, Efx, ef2(t), ef3(t), ef4(t) and ef5 were used. Those testers were the near isogenic lines of T65. T65-LH7 was crossed with respective testers. Heading times in F₂ and/or B₁F₁ plants were examined. All F₂ and/or B₁F₁ populations derived from those crosses exhibited digenic segregations, respectively. These results suggested that ef6(t) was independent of Ef1, Efx, ef2(t), ef3(t), ef4(t) and ef5. Sub sequently, trisomic analysis of ef6(t) was performed using seven Triplo lines having extra chromosomes, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10 and 12. These Triplo lines were the near isogenic lines of T65. They were used as maternal parent to cross with T65-LH7. Heading times in F₂ plants obtained from self-pollination of F₁ plants were observed. Among F₂ plants examined only those derived from a cross between Triplo-7 and T65-LH7 showed a typical trisomic segregation manner, suggesting that ef6(t) was located on chromosome 7. Consequently, the nomenclature of the present gene should be designated as ef6.  相似文献   

Genetic Analysis of Resistance to Gall Midge (Orseolia oryzae Wood Mason) in Rice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. B. Tomar  S. C. Prasad 《Plant Breeding》1992,109(2):159-167

The inheritance of resistance to rice gall midge (Ranchi biotype) was studied in 12 resistant cultivars by crossing with susceptible cultivars. By the study of F₁, F₂, F₃, B₁ and B₂ generations, it was found that resistance was governed by a single dominant gene in ‘Surekha’, ‘Phalguna’, ‘Rajendra Dhan 202’, ‘IET 7918’‘IET 6187’, ‘BG 404-1’; by duplicate dominant genes in ‘W 1263’, ‘RPW 6-17’ and ‘WGL 48684’ and a monogenic recessive gene in ‘OB 677’ and ‘BKNBR 1008-21’. The allelism test of the resistant genes in the test cultivars with already known genes Gm1 and Gm2 was carried out. A single dominant gene that conveyed the resistance in ‘RPW 6–17’, ‘IET 7918’ and ‘IET 6187’ was allelic to Gm1 and segregated independently of Gm2. The resistance in ‘Phalguna’, ‘Rajendra Dhan 202’, ‘W 1263’ and ‘RPW 6–17’, ‘IR 36’ and ‘WGL 48684’ was governed by Gm2 gene which was independent of Gm1. Two additional genes were identified and designated as Gm3 and gm4. Three test cultivars ‘BG 404-1’, ‘W 1263’ and ‘WGL 48684’ were found to have Gm3 gene for resistance which was non-allelic and segregated independently of Gm1 and Gm2. Thus the cultivars ‘W 1263’ and ‘WGL 48684’ had two resistance genes Gw2 and Gm3 together. The cultivar ‘RPW 6–17’ also had two resistance genes Gm1 and Gm2 together. The recessive gene gm4 which conditioned the resistance in ‘OB 677’ and ‘BKNBR 1008-21’ was nonallelic to and segregated independently of Gm1, Gm2 and Gm3 genes. Linkage studies of the resistance gene with pigment characters were carried out in ‘Purple gora/IR 36’ cross. The resistance gene Gm2 was found to be linked with the genes governing the pigmentation in node, apiculus and stigma with crossover values of 15.78, 31.57 and 35.78 % respectively. By the trisomic analysis, it was found that the Gm2 gene was located on chromosome 3.  相似文献   

Introgression of Xa4, Xa7 and Xa21 for resistance to bacterial blight in thermosensitive genetic male sterile rice (Oryza sativa L.) for the development of two-line hybrids     

Loida M. Perez  Edilberto D. Redo?a  Merlyn S. Mendioro  Casiana M. Vera Cruz  Hei Leung 《Euphytica》2008,164(3):627-636

Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae is a major production constraint in commercial hybrid rice production in the Philippines because most of the parental lines used in hybrid production do not carry resistance genes against the pathogen. In this study, three bacterial blight resistance genes, Xa4, Xa7 and Xa21, were introgressed to a temperature-sensitive genetic male sterile (TGMS1) line. A three-way cross of AR32-19-3-3/TGMS1//IRBB4/7 (PR36944) was made to produce 1,364 F₂ plants carrying various combinations of Xa4, Xa7 and Xa21. Individual plants were characterized for reaction to bacterial blight PXO61 (race 1), PXO86 (race 2), PXO99 (race 6) and pollen sterility. Of 144 F₂ plants demonstrating resistance against PXO61, PXO86 and PXO99, 22 exhibited highly resistant phenotypes with mean lesion lengths ranging from 0.37–2.97 cm. Analysis of disease reaction identified 20 potential TGMS F₂ plants containing Xa4, Xa7 and Xa21 while 78 plants with Xa4 + Xa7. Phenotypic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses confirmed PR36944-450, PR36944-473 and PR36944-700 as homozygous for Xa7 and Xa21 and highly resistant to all three Xoo races. Fertility of PR36944-450 and PR36944-700 was restored at permissive temperature in a growth chamber. BB-resistant TGMS lines should facilitate breeding two-line hybrids in the tropics.  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to turnip mosaic virus in Chinese cabbage   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

J. Y. Yoon  S. K. Green  R. T. Opeña 《Euphytica》1993,69(1-2):103-108

Summary Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is the most important virus of commercially grown cole crops in many Asian countries, affecting both yield and quality. TuMV-infected Chinese cabbage becomes unmarketable because of the presence of black spots and necrosis often induced by the virus. Resistance breeding is complicated by the existence of five strains of the virus, one of which was discovered in 1985 for the first time in Taiwan. Resistance to strains C1 to C3 is readily available among the Chinese cabbage germplasm at AVRDC, whereas resistance to strains C4 and C5 is rarely found. To elucidate the inheritance of resistance to TuMV, P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂ and BC₁ generations of crosses between the resistant line 0–2 and three susceptible lines, E-7, E-9 and FL-9, were inoculated with strains C4 and C5. Segregation ratios obtained by visual observation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) indicate that two recessive genes confer resistance to both TuMV-C4 and TuMV-C5.  相似文献   

Investigations into the inheritance of the immunity from phytophthora infestans de b. Of solanum demissum Lindl.     

C. Mastenbroek 《Euphytica》1952,1(3):187-198

Samenvatting Onderzoekingen over de vererving van de resistentie tegen Phytophthora infestans d.B.van Solanum demissum Lindl.1. De aardappelziekte kost de Nederlandse economie naar schatting gemiddeld 20 millioen gulden perjaar; dit is evenveel als de geldelijke opbrengst van 13.000 ha aardappelen of 6 1/2% van het aardappelareaal.2. Van de bijna over de gehele wereld voorkomende schimmelPhytophthora infestans, die de aardappelziekte veroorzaakt, zijn de laatste decennia een aantal physio's bekend geworden, die zich onderscheiden door hun spectrum (reeks van planten, die vatbaar zijn voor een bepaald physio). In Nederland word het voorkomen van 9 verschillende physio's geconstateerd (waarvan physio N 3 zeer veel gelijkt op physio N 1 en in tabel 1 werd weggelaten).3. De spectra van de physio's overlappen elkaar (fig. 1), zodat resistentie tegen de physio's N 8 en N 9 steeds samen zal gaan met resistentie tegen alle overige van de thans bekende physio's.4. Ter verklaring van een aantal waarnemingen over de vererving van de resistentie, werden drie verschillende dominante onafhankelijke erfelijke factoren aangenomen:R₇, geeft resistentie tegen de physio's N 1, N 2, N 4 en N 7;R₈, geeft resistentie tegen de physio's N 1, N 2, N 4, N 5, N 6, N 7 en N 8;R₉, geeft resistentie tegen de physio's N 1, N 4, N 5, N 6 en N 9.Volgens de voor ² en P berekende waarden is deze verklaring zeer waarschijnlijk juist.5. De splitsingsgetallen in kruisingen van planten met twee dezelfde factoren maken een vrije combinatiemogelijkheid tussen de betreffende chromosomen van alle 4 genomen zeer waarschijnlijk.6. Naast de drie onder 4 genoernde factoren bestaat zeer waarschijnlijk nog een vierde factor, die resistentie tegen de physio's N 1, N 2 en N 5 bepaalt.7. Resistentie tegen alle thans bekende physio's wordt bereikt bij gezamenlijke aanwezigheid van de factoren R₈ en R₉.  相似文献   

Heritability of β-glucan, groat percentage, and crown rust resistance in two oat crosses     

D. G. Humphreys  D. E. Mather 《Euphytica》1996,91(3):359-364

Summary Parent-offspring regression was used to estimate heritability for three traits (-glucan content, groat percentage, and resistance to crown rust (Puccinia coronata Cda. f. sp. avenae Eriks.) in oat (Avena sativa L.). The populations used were derived from two crosses, Nova x Marion QC and Sylva x Marion QC. Marion QC was used as a parent because other research had shown that it is relatively high in -glucan, a trait for which heritability had not previously been estimated. Nova and Sylva are similar in adaptation to Marion QC, and Sylva may be a source of general resistance to crown rust. Random F₅ plants were grown in a greenhouse, and their F₆ and F₇ progeny were grown in replicated field trials. Heritability estimates for the two grain quality traits were based on regression of F₆ values on F₅ values, F₇ values on F₆ values, and F₇ values on F₅ values. Heritability estimates for -glucan content were between 0.27 and 0.45. The highest estimate was the one based on the F₆ and F₇ generations of Sylva x Marion QC: 0.45, compared to estimates of 0.32 or less for earlier generations of the same cross, and to estimates of 0.35 or less for all generations of Nova x Marion QC. Heritability estimates for groat percentage were all between 0.23 and 0.32. The F₆ and F₇ generations were evaluated for resistance to crown rust resistance. The Sylva x Marion QC cross seemed to segregate for heritable resistance (h ²=0.31) but the Nova x Marion QC cross did not (h ²=0.07). Several lines from the Sylva x Marion QC cross had low symptoms in both the F₆ and F₇ generations. There were no strong genetic correlations among the traits.  相似文献   

An Effect of Various Nitrogen Forms Used as Fertilizer on Lupinus albus L. Yield and Protein, Alkaloid and α-Galactosides Content     

D. Ciesio&#;ka  M. Muzquiz  C. Burbano  P. Altares  M. M. Pedrosa  W. Wysocki  W. Folkman  M. Popenda  K. Gulewicz 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2005,191(6):458-463

The influence of various forms of nitrogen supplied to the ground as N₂, NH, NO, [NH + NO], –NH₂, and Nd (N‐deficiency) on Lupinus albus L. cvs. Butan (sweet) and Bac (bitter) yield and protein, alkaloid and α‐galactoside biosynthesis in their seeds were studied. The experiments were performed in a greenhouse on perlite using, in all cases, the same dose of P, K, Mg and micronutrients (B, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, Fe). The Nd treatment contained only macro‐ and micronutrients without any nitrogen support. We found that different nitrogen forms used as a fertilizer had a significant influence on the development and yield structure of both lupin cultivars. It was found that the plants developed most favourably when nitrogen was supplied as N₂ and [NH + NO]. For the other forms, the anomalies like necrosis, chlorosis, leaves with small surface of assimilation were noticed. However, these observations were not always reflected by all parameters of yield structure. The forms of nitrogen had a pivotal influence on yield of generative and vegetative parts of lupin. Moreover, significant differences in protein, alkaloid and α‐galactoside content in seeds were observed.  相似文献   

Localisation and combination of resistance genes against soil-borne viruses of barley (BaMMV,BaYMV) using doubled haploids and molecular markers     

Kay Werner  Wolfgang Friedt  Frank Ordon 《Euphytica》2007,158(3):323-329

Barley yellow mosaic virus disease caused by different strains of BaYMV and BaMMV is a major threat to winter barley cultivation in Europe. Different resistance genes against these viruses have been mapped and suitable PCR-based markers have been developed. In this respect doubled haploid (DH) populations proved to be advantageous as they facilitate a repeated test for resistance against all agents of the barley yellow mosaic virus complex and besides this, dominant marker systems are as informative as co-dominant ones in DHs due to the lack of heterozygous genotypes. Using DH populations resistance genes rym4, rym5, rym11, rym13, rym15 and the BaYMV/BaYMV-2 resistance of the barley cultivar ‘Chikurin Ibaraki 1’ have been mapped. DHs are also well suited to pyramiding resistance genes against BaMMV and BaYMV. Since homozygous recessive genotypes are more frequent in DHs than in segregating F₂ populations, DHs can be efficiently used to create broad-spectrum resistance and to extend the usability of partly overcome resistance genes. Results from employing two different strategies for pyramiding, based on one and two DH-steps, respectively, combining three recessive resistance genes, i.e. rym4/rym5, rym9 and rym11, are presented. The faster strategy based on one haploidy step resulted in the identification of all three and two-way combinations of the respective resistance genes.  相似文献   

RAPD markers linked to resistance to downy mildew disease in soybean     

A.K. Chowdhury  P. Srinives  P. Saksoong  P. Tongpamnak 《Euphytica》2002,128(1):55-60

To determine and utilize RAPD markers linked to resistance to downymildew incited by Peronospora manshurica in soybean, a resistantcultivar `AGS129' was crossed to a susceptible cultivar `Nakhon Sawan 1'(NS1). F₂ and BC₁ populations were advanced from the F₁ and evaluatedfor resistance to the disease. ²-test demonstrated that the resistancewas controlled by a single dominant gene (Rpmx). Near-isogenic lines(NILs) and bulked segregant analysis (BSA) were used to identify RAPDmarkers linked to the gene. Six DNA bulks namely F₅(R), F₅(S),BC₆F₃(R), BC₆F₃(S), F₂(R) and F₂(S) were set up by pooling equalamount of DNA from 8 randomly selected plants of each disease responsetype. A total of 180 random sequence decamer oligonucleotide primerswere used for RAPD analysis. Primer OPH-02 (5 TCGGACGTGA 3 andOPP-10 (5 TCCCGCCTAC 3) generated OPH-02₁₂₅₀ and OPP-10₈₃₁fragments in donor parent and resistant bulks, but not in the recurrentparent and susceptible ones. Co-segregation analysis using 102 segregatingF₂ progenies confirmed that both markers were linked to the Rpmxgene controlling downy mildew disease resistance with a genetic distance of4.9 cm and 23.1 cm, respectively. Marker OPH-02₁₂₅₀ was presentin 13 of 16 resistant soybean cultivars and absent in susceptible cultivars,thus confirming a potential for MAS outside the mapping population.  相似文献   

Confirmation of a new source of cytoplasmic-genic male-sterility in bulrush millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke)     

Aken'ova  M. E. 《Euphytica》1985,34(3):669-672

Summary Results of a previous study indicated that the male-sterility discovered in a population of ex-Bornu bulrush millet, an improved selection from northern Nigeria, may represent a new source of male-sterility in the species. The present experiment was conducted to test this hypothesis.Tifton 23B₁, Tifton 239B₂ and L67B₃ which are male-sterility maintainers for the three known sources of cytoplasmic-genic male-sterility in bulrush millet viz. A₁, A₂ and A₃, respectively, were crossed with male-sterile ex-Bornu. All three maintained male-sterility in ex-Bornu but not as well as gero-B, which is the selfed progeny of an ex-Bornu plant was an excellent maintainer for ex-Bornu. Gero-B maintained male-sterility in Tifton 23A₁ and L67A₃ sources but was a partial fertility restorer for Tifton 239A₂. Tifton 186 which was reported to be a maintainer for A₁, A₂ and A₃ sources restored male-fertility in ex-Bornu. These results confirmed the view that male-sterile ex-Bornu is a new source of cytoplasmic-genic male-sterility in bulrush millet.  相似文献   

Location of genes for chlorophyll synthesis on specific arms of chromosomes in Triticum aestivum     

Dalmir Singh  B. C. Joshi 《Euphytica》1986,35(2):523-528

Summary An Indian hexaploid wheat var. Pb C591 has been shown to carry gene(s) for chlorophyll synthesis on chromosome 3A (Singh & Joshi, 1979). In the present study cv. Pb.C591, its monosomic 3A and diteocentrics for 3A, 3BL and 3DL of var. Chinese Spring have been used. The F₂ segregation involving crosses between Pb.C591 as male, monosomic line 3A of Pb.C591 (female) and ditelocentrics 3A, 3BL and 3DL of cv. Chinese Spring as male and female respectively has been observed. It has been found that there are two dominant genes regulating chlorophyll synthesis in cv. Chinese Spring. These genes are located on chromosomes arms 3A and 3DS respectively.These chlorophyll synthetic genes must be the same which were postulated by Sears (1956, 1957) as the normal alleles of virescent gene v ₂ (which was located on 3BS) on chromosomes 3A(v ₁) and 3D(V ₃).  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to Puccinia coronata var. avenae in six selections of Avena sterilis     

H. B. Kim 《Euphytica》1974,23(1):174-180

Summary Six selections of Avena sterilis, introduced from Israel as sources of resistance to oat crown rust, were crossed with susceptible A. byzantina Frazier. The number of genes conditioning resistance to culture H-14 of race 326 of Puccinia coronata var. avenae in each of the six selections was determined from studies of F₁, F₂ and F₃ populations from the crosses. P.I. 287211, P.I. 295919 and P.I. 296244 each appeared to have a single dominant gene for resistance, and P.I. 296265 and P.I. 296266 each two dominant ones. C.I. 8295 had a single partially dominant gene for resistance. Crosses among the A. sterilis parents indicated that at least four different genes conditioned resistance to culture H-14.Association between F₂ reaction to crown rust and morphological characters of the spikelet was determined with the % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGak0dh9WrFfpC0xh9vqqj-hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0-OqFf% ea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr% 0-vqpWqaaeaabaGaaiaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaiabeE8aJnaaCa% aaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaaa!39FC!\[\chi ^2 \] test for independence. In four crosses, all spikelet characters appeared to be independent of rust reaction. In Frazier x P.I. 296244, basal pubescence of the lemma on the secondary floret appeared to be associated with reaction to crown rust. Strong association between reaction to crown rust and lemma pubescence on the primary floret was evident in Frazier x P.I. 296265.  相似文献   

Location of genes controlling some characters in the spring wheat variety zlatka by monosomic analysis     

I. Bareš  J. Košner 《Euphytica》1975,24(2):557-563

Summary Using Chinese Spring monosomics an analysis was made to locate the genes controlling kernel colour, kernel groove shape, and the shape of the upper margin of the glume in the spring wheat Zlatka. Two genes controlling kernel colour, R₁ and R₃, which had been described in a number of varieties, were found on chromosomes 3D and 3B of Zlatka, respectively.In Zlatka sharp margin of kernel groove was dominant over rounded margin. The dominant genes were located on chromosomes 3A and 5A.Chinese Spring has a sloping upper glume margin, which was found to be dominant over horizontal glume margin in Zlatka. This character is governed by three complementary genes. Recessive alleles of the genes, described as g₁, g₂, g₃, were located on chromosomes 5A, 5B and 5D respectively.  相似文献   

Genes for resistance to stripe rust in four spring wheat varieties     

Pamela K. Zwer  Calvin O. Qualset 《Euphytica》1991,58(2):171-181

Summary Four spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties differing in origin and reaction in the seedling stage to pathotype CDL-6 (extant in California) were intercrossed and examined in greenhouse conditions in F₁, F₂, and F₃ generations. Digenic and transgressive segregation was found in all crosses. The four varieties each had infection types (1 immune, 9 susceptible) and putative resistance genes as follows: Anza, IT 7, YrA; Glennson 81, IT 2, Yr9; Yecora Rojo, IT 6, YrC; and Ollanta, IT 4–6, YrL. Anza was classified as susceptible, Yecora Rojo and Ollanta as intermediate in seedling resistance, and Glennson 81 as resistant in the seedling stage.  相似文献   

Inheritance of anthracnose resistance in the common bean cultivar Widusa     

M. Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal  James D. Kelly 《Euphytica》2006,151(3):411-419

Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar, Widusa, was crossed to Michigan Dark Red Kidney (MDRK), Michelite, BAT 93, Mexico 222, Cornell 49–242, and TO cultivars to study the inheritance of resistance to anthracnose in Widusa. The segregation patterns observed in six F₂ populations supported an expected 3R:1S ratio suggesting that Widusa carries a single dominant gene conditioning resistance to races 7, 65, 73, and 453 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal organism of bean anthracnose. Allelism tests conducted with F₂ populations derived from crosses between Widusa and Cornell 49–242 (Co-2), Mexico 222 (Co-3), TO (Co-4), TU (Co-5), AB 136 (Co-6), BAT 93 (Co-9), and Ouro Negro (Co-10), inoculated with races 7, 9, 65 and 73, showed a segregation ratio of 15R:1S. These results suggest that the anthracnose resistance gene in Widusa is independent from the Co-2, Co-3, Co-4,Co-5, Co-6, Co-9, and Co-10 genes. A lack of segregation was observed among 200 F₂ individuals from the cross Widusa/MDRK, and among 138 F₂ individuals from the cross Widusa/Kaboon inoculated with race 65, suggesting that Widusa carries an allele at the Co-1 locus. We propose that the anthracnose resistance allele in Widusa be named Co-1 ⁵ as Widusa exhibits a unique reaction to race 89 compared to other alleles at the Co-1 locus. RAPD marker A18₁₅₀₀ co-segregated in repulsion-phase linkage with the Co-1 ⁵ gene at a distance of 1.2 cM and will provide bean breeders with a ready tool to enhance the use of the Co-1 ⁵ gene in future bean cultivars.  相似文献   

Development and characterization of common black bean lines resistant to anthracnose,rust and angular leaf spot in Brazil     

M. R. Costa  J. P. M. Tanure  K. M. A. Arruda  J. E. S. Carneiro  M. A. Moreira  E. G. Barros 《Euphytica》2010,176(2):149-156

Anthracnose, rust and angular leaf spot caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Uromyces appendiculatus and Pseudocercospora griseola, respectively, are economically important diseases affecting the common bean production in Brazil. The BIOAGRO/UFV bean breeding program developed Rudá-R, a dry bean line with ‘carioca’ seed type, containing the following disease resistance genes: Co-4, Co-6 and Co-10 (anthracnose); Ur-ON (rust) and Phg-1 (angular leaf spot). To transfer this combination of disease resistance genes present in Rudá-R to a black-seeded bean, a backcrossing program aided by molecular markers was conducted, involving Rudá-R (donor genitor) and Diamante Negro (recurrent genitor). Forty black-seeded BC₃F_3:6 lines were obtained with combinations of at least three markers linked to the indicated disease resistance genes. The lines were evaluated for resistance to the three mentioned pathogens. Eight of the lines were homozygous and resistant to all four evaluated races of C. lindemuthianum, but susceptible to race 2047. Four of the lines were homozygous and resistant to two races of U. appendiculatus. Twenty of the lines were homozygous and resistant to the two races of P. griseola tested. Grain yield of the BC₃F_3:6 lines was evaluated during the ‘winter’ season of 2006 and the ‘dry’ season of 2007. All lines had statistically equal or higher yields than Rudá-R and Diamante Negro. Lines were identified that not only were high yielding but also resistant to the three pathogens tested. These lines are potential genotypes for further testing and for release as new black common bean varieties.  相似文献   

Identification and cataloguing of genetic information for resistance to wheat leaf rust     

M. S. S. Reddy  M. V. Rao 《Euphytica》1980,29(3):769-775

Summary Specific host-pathogen relationship is used to derive genetic information for resistance in commercial cultivars. Twenty-two cultivars were classified into 12 groups based on their reactions to 13 leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) races of India. The cultivars in each group were matched with the Lr gene carrying lines to see which genes they might possess. Confirmation of this information was sought through pedigree analyses.(1) Agra local and NP4 do not seem to have any resistance genes. (2) C306 has gene Lr14a, and NP824 one of the genes Lr12, Lr13, Lr14a or Lr22. (3) kalyansona carries Lr13 and another additional gene not in study. (4) Chhoti Lerma, NP852, Pusa Lerma, Sharbati Sonora, Shera, UP301 form one group and carry Lr1. (5) Sonalika seems to have Lr2a, Lr11 and additional genes. (6) Hy.65 has Lr10. (7) HS1076-2 and HW135 have the genes Lr2a and Lr3do. (8) HW124 carries the genes Lr1 and Lr3do. (9) Safed Lerma has Lr1 and Lr17. (10) NP846 has the genes Lr1 and Lr15. (11) HB117-107, Janak, UP215 form one group and possess the genes Lr3do and Lr15. (12) Girija possesses the genes Lr10 and Lr15.Based on such grouping of commercial cultivars for resistance genes a Catalogue system is advocated for the design of wheat breeding programmes like the development of multiline and multigene cultivars.  相似文献