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1.
左旋咪唑(LMS)是动物生产和兽医临床上常用的广谱、高效、低毒、安全的咪唑骈噻唑类驱虫药。研究发现,它除了有驱虫功能,还具有免疫调节作用,能促进免疫细胞的增殖、成熟,增强其吞噬、趋化功能,诱导机体产生各种细胞因子;提高补体活性,增强机体巨噬细胞功能和抗体产生水平;具有抗氧化和清除机体自由基的作用,可用于动物的抗菌消炎、抗病毒、抑制肿瘤和促进生长等方面。 相似文献
2.
杨树皮类脂(Poplar Bark Lipid)系从杨树皮中提取的一种橙黄色脂溶性物质，富含大量的多糖、有机酸、甾醇、磷脂、甙类及维生素等物质。多糖类具有促胸腺体液反应、刺激网状内皮系统，提高机体特异性免疫反应能力；有机酸具有增强机体免疫功能的作用，能够刺激和促进单核吞噬细胞功能，对抗免疫抑制对免疫器官的抑制作用；甙类能够加速抗体的产生，促进淋巴细胞转化和增强网状内皮系统功能等作用。这些物质在动物体内协调统一，大大提高动物体的免疫机能 相似文献
3.
白藜芦醇具有广泛的药理学功能，能通过提高机体的特异性和非特异性免疫，促进免疫细胞增殖和细胞因子产生，增强吞噬细胞功能，从而提高机体免疫力。就白藜芦醇对动物免疫机能的影响作一阐述。 相似文献
4.
半胱胺是一种新型的饲料添加剂，具有广泛的生物学功能。它能提高机体免疫球蛋白含量，促进淋巴细胞增殖和细胞因子产生，增强吞噬细胞的吞噬功能及改善机体的抗氧化功能。本文针对半胱胺对动物机体的免疫调节及抗氧化功能进行了阐述。 相似文献
5.
大豆低聚糖的研究及其在饲料中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大豆低聚糖是一种功能性低聚糖，具有调节肠道菌群平衡、降血脂、抗癌、保护肝脏和增强机体免疫功能等作用。大豆低聚糖在畜禽饲料中的应用能提高动物生产性能、增强机体免疫力和促进营养物质吸收等。介绍了大豆低聚糖的作用原理和功能，综述了其在饲料中的应用，展望了其发展前景。 相似文献
6.
黄芪多糖和掺伪黄芪多糖的红外光谱鉴别 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
黄芪多糖(APS)是中药黄芪中主要的活性物质,具有补气、固表、利尿的作用,能诱导机体产生干扰素,促进抗体产生,增强吞噬细胞活性,调节机体免疫功能,对于动物病毒性传染病具有较好的治疗和预防作用.同时又具有毒副作用小、无残留、不产生耐药性等优点,已作为免疫增强剂和抗病毒药物广泛应用于畜禽业中. 相似文献
7.
杨树皮类脂（PoplarBarkLipid）系从杨树皮中提取的一种橙黄色脂溶性物质，富含大量的多糖、有机酸、甾醇、磷脂、甙类及维生素等物质。多糖类具有促胸腺体液反应、刺激网状内皮系统，提高机体特异性免疫反应能力；有机酸具有增强机体免疫功能的作用，能够刺激和促进单核吞噬细胞功能，对抗免疫抑制对免疫器官的抑制作用；甙类能够加速抗体的产生、促进淋巴细胞转化和增强网状内皮系统功能等作用。这些物质在动物体内协调统一，大大提高动物体的免疫机能。副鸡嗜血杆菌（Hpg）作为鸡传染性鼻炎的病原菌，近年来发生率越来越高。由于该病在… 相似文献
8.
锰是动物机体的必需微量元素之一,具有促进动物生长、增强繁殖功能、维持骨骼形成和改善胴体品质等营养生理作用。本文主要介绍有机锰在畜禽生产中的营养功能。 相似文献
9.
白藜芦醇具有广泛的药理学功能,能通过提高机体的特异性和非特异性免疫,促进免疫细胞增殖和细胞因子产生,增强吞噬细胞功能,从而提高机体免疫力。就白藜芦醇对动物免疫机能的影响作一阐述。 相似文献
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11.
G A Oakley 《The Veterinary record》1980,107(8):166-170
Comparative controlled trials were undertaken to establish whether resistance to reinfection can develop in cattle following anthelmintic treatment of a primary lungworm infection. Levamisole proved more effective than diethylcarbamazine. 相似文献
12.
Levamisole can be combined with polyvalent clostridial vaccine so as to retain the activity of both components. Antibody response is heightened and the anthelmintic activity of levamisole is unimpaired. Tissue reactions at the injection site are acceptable being within the normal range of each component when given separately. 相似文献
13.
The paper describes a method for detecting levamisole and morantel tartrate resistance by determining the percentage of paralysed third stage larvae in serial dilutions of anthelmintic. Levamisole resistantOstertagia spp. had a smaller proportion of larvae undergoing tonic paralysis in either levamisole or morantel tartrate than did a non-resistant strain. The dose response thus obtained for a strain of worms can be tested statistically against strains which are known to be resistant or non-resistant.Commonwealth of Australia 相似文献
14.
Levamisole does not affect the virological and serological responses of bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle and sheep. 
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下载免费PDF全文 M J Van der Maaten M J Schmerr J M Miller J M Sacks 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1983,47(4):474-479
Levamisole, a compound that has been used widely as an anthelmintic in man and domestic animals, has also been found to be an immunomodulator. It was, thus, of interest to determine whether treatment with levamisole would affect bovine leukemia virus infections in cattle and sheep or the results of serological and virological tests routinely used to identify infected animals. Studies of cattle and sheep given either the recommended anthelmintic dose of levamisole or repeated larger doses of the drug failed to provide evidence of significant changes in antibody titer or virus replication. It is, therefore, concluded that levamisole neither potentiated nor repressed bovine leukemia virus replication or the associated immunological responses. 相似文献
15.
Anthelmintic resistant nematodes pose an increasing threat to animal welfare and lamb production on lowland sheep farms in the United Kingdom. Based on published information on anthelmintic resistance in nematodes and insecticide resistance in arthropods, seven recommendations are made for reducing the development and spread of anthelmintic resistant nematodes. The two most important are probably to prevent the introduction of resistant worms through the purchase of stock and to reduce the reliance on frequent anthelmintic treatments by using epidemiological principles of nematode control. 相似文献
16.
Gabrie S Phiri IK Dorny P Vercruysse J 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2001,68(4):271-274
While surveys in Southern Africa indicate anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to be common in small ruminants in South Africa, Kenya and Zimbabwe there have been no reports of resistance in Zambia. The objective of this study was to determine whether anthelmintic resistance occurs in Zambia, and to obtain information on nematode control practices in the country. During the rainy season six commercial sheep farms were selected in and around Lusaka and Chisamba. Worm control practices were gauged by means of a questionnaire, and the Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test was performed for assessing anthelmintic efficacy of albendazole, levamisole and ivermectin. On all farms anthelmintic treatment was the only approach used to control nematode infections. Frequency of treatment varied from twice a year to every 6 weeks and drugs of different anthelmintic groups were alternated within the same year. There was a wide range in faecal egg counts of individual sheep before treatment, with some individual counts of up to 87000. Larval identification showed that Haemonchus was almost the only genus recovered from the faecal cultures before and after treatment. Albendazole resistance was found on five of the six farms. On each of the four farms where ivermectin gave less than 95% reduction in egg counts, there was resistance to albendazole as well. Levamisole showed an efficacy of 95% or higher on all six farms. 相似文献
17.
Evaluation of anthelmintic effects of Trianthema (T.) portulacastrum L. (Aizoaceae) whole plant and Musa (M.) paradisiaca L. (Musaceae) leaves against prevalent gastrointestinal worms of sheep was done that may justify their traditional use in veterinary clinical medicine. In vitro anthelmintic activity of the crude aqueous methanolic extract (CAME) of both the plants was determined using mature female Haemonchus (H.) contortus and their eggs in adult motility assay (AMA) and egg hatch test (EHT), respectively. In vivo anthelmintic activity of crude powder (CP) and CAME in increasing doses (1.0-8.0 g kg(-1)) was determined in sheep naturally infected with mixed species of nematodes using fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and larval counts. The study design also included untreated as well as treated controls. Fecal egg count reduction and larval counts from coprocultures were performed pre- and post-treatments to assess the anthelmintic activity of the plants. CAME of T. portulacastrum and M. paradisiaca showed a strong in vitro anthelmintic activity and pronounced inhibitory effects on H. contortus egg hatching as observed through AMA and EHT, respectively. Both plants exhibited dose and time dependent anthelmintic effects on live worms as well as egg hatching. M. paradisiaca (LC(50)=2.13 μg mL(-1)) was found to be more potent than T. portulacastrum (LC(50)=2.41 μg mL(-1)) in EHT. However, in vivo, maximum reduction in eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces was recorded as 85.6% and 80.7% with CAME of T. portulacastrum and M. paradisiaca at 8.0 g kg(-1) on 15th day post-treatment, respectively as compared to that of Levamisole (7.5 mg kg(-1)) that caused 97.0% reduction in EPG. All the species of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs), i.e. Haemonchus contortus, Trichostronglyus spp., Oesophagostomum columbianum and Trichuris ovis which were prevalent, found susceptible (P<0.01) to the different doses of CP and CAME of both plants. The data showed that both T. portulacastrum and M. paradisiaca possess strong anthelmintic activity in vitro and in vivo, thus, justifying their use in the traditional medicine system of Pakistan. 相似文献
18.
Hoste H Chartier C Etter E Goudeau C Soubirac F Lefrileux Y 《Veterinary research communications》2000,24(7):459-469
To evaluate the efficacy with which recommendations of means to avoid the spread of anthelmintic resistance in parasitic nematode populations are communicated to farmers on dairy goat farms in France, a questionnaire survey was undertaken on their use of antiparasitic drugs. Information was collected from 73 farms in two main areas of dairy goat production. The data referred to three years. Anthelmintics were used in 69 farms, the mean number of treatments per year being 2.74. Changing the drug from one year to another was not practised. Moreover, of the 58 farms using two or more treatments per year, only 37% used anthelmintics from different classes in the lactation and drying-off periods. Benzimidazoles and probenzimidazoles were given in all except two farms and these substances represented more than 80% of all the treatments. Levamisole/pyrantel or avermectins were used in 15% and 27% of the farms, respectively. Double the ovine dose, as recommended in goats to ensure efficacy of benzimidazoles, was applied in 55% of the farms. In addition, in all the flocks, the substances were given on the basis of a mean estimated live weight and not by reference to the heaviest animal. These results indicate that errors in the use of anthelmintics are still frequent in dairy goat farms in France, with probable consequences for the spread of anthelmintic resistance in the populations of parasites. 相似文献
19.
Coles GC 《The Veterinary record》2002,151(6):165-169
It is suggested that the major factor in avoiding the development of anthelmintic resistance is the percentage of worms that do not encounter the anthelmintics (worms in refugia). This in turn is determined by the numbers of larvae on pasture, the percentage of animals treated and whether any stages in the host can avoid the action of anthelmintic. To maintain anthelmintic efficacy the percentage of worms in refugia must be sufficiently large. In cattle, this should involve treating only first-year animals and using a different pasture each year for calves. For sheep, only animals that have to be treated should be dosed with anthelmintic and clean grazing strategies that involve the use of anthelmintics should be avoided. For horses, reliance should be placed on the removal of faeces from pasture and only treating when the animals' condition requires it. Without a change in anthelmintic use there is the likelihood of increasing numbers of cases for which no anthelmintic is effective and animal welfare may be compromised. 相似文献
20.
The effect of three commonly used anthelmintics, levamisole hydrochloride, ivermectin and closantel, on the development of the sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina, was determined. Sheep were treated with each anthelmintic using the manufacturers' recommended dose for helminth control. Both ivermectin and closantel significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the growth rate of larvae of L cuprina cultured in vitro on serum from these sheep. Levamisole hydrochloride had no effect. Ivermectin was effective for less than 6 days after treatment, whereas closantel significantly reduced larval growth 21 days after treatment. Dose-response experiments showed that lower concentrations of both ivermectin and closantel were not as effective in reducing larval growth. 相似文献