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1.
Hossein Hosseini Moghaddam Leen Leus Jan De Riek Johan Van Huylenbroeck Erik Van Bockstaele 《Euphytica》2012,184(3):413-427
Disease resistance is a sought-after trait in plant breeding programmes. One strategy to make resistance more durable is to
increase the number of resistance genes, thereby increasing the number of pathotypes withstood. One of the most important
diseases on roses is powdery mildew (PM) (Podosphaera pannosa). Recent studies show that pathotypes of PM and different types of resistances in roses exist. The results of this study
aim to contribute to PM resistance in roses by the development of pathotype-specific markers on a genetic map. A diploid rose
population (90 genotypes) derived from a cross between Rosa wichurana and Rosa ‘Yesterday’ was used to construct a genetic linkage map encompassing 20 AFLP primer combinations, 43 SSR, and 2 morphological
markers. By applying the F1 pseudo test cross population strategy, two parental linkage maps were constructed (parent ‘Yesterday’
536 cM; parent R. wichurana 526 cM). Both parental maps consisted of seven linkage groups with an average length of 70 cM (Kosambi) corresponding to
the seven haploid rose chromosomes. These new maps were used to identify QTLs controlling disease resistance. The offspring
population was screened for resistance to two PM pathotypes, R–E and R–P. QTLs for controlling pathotype-specific disease
resistance were mapped by applying Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum tests and simple interval mapping. With two pathotypes analysed,
nine QTL loci were detected on linkage groups 2, 3, 5 and 6, explaining 15–73% of the phenotypic variance for pathotype-specific
disease response. The genetic maps developed here will be useful for future rose breeding, pathotype-specific resistance research
and development of a consensus map for roses. 相似文献
2.
Jundae Lee Jee-Hwa Hong Jae Wahng Do Jae Bok Yoon 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2010,13(4):227-233
Pepper (Capsicum spp.) anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. is a serious disease damaging pepper production in Asian monsoon regions. For QTL mapping analyses of anthracnose resistance,
an introgression BC1F2 population was made by interspecific crosses between Capsicum annuum ‘SP26’ (susceptible recurrent parent) and Capsicum baccatum ‘PBC81’ (resistant donor). Both green and red fruits were inoculated with C. acutatum ‘KSCa-1’ and C. capsici ‘ThSCc-1’ isolates and the disease reactions were evaluated by disease incidence, true lesion diameter, and overall lesion
diameter. On the whole, distribution of anthracnose resistance was skewed toward the resistant parent. It might indicate that
one or two major QTLs are present. The introgression map consisting of 13 linkage groups with a total of 218 markers (197
AFLP and 21 SSR), covering a total length of 325 cM was constructed. Composite interval mapping analysis revealed four QTLs
for resistance to ‘KSCa-1’ and three QTLs for ‘ThSCc-1’ isolate, respectively. Interestingly, the major QTLs (CaR12.2 and CcR9) for resistance to C. acutatum and C. capsici, respectively, were differently positioned but there were close links between the minor QTL CcR12.2 for C. capsici and major QTL CaR12.2 as well as the minor QTL CaR9 for C. acutatum and major QTL CcR9. These results will be helpful for marker-assisted selection and pyramiding two different anthracnose-resistant genes in
commercial pepper breeding. 相似文献
3.
Quantitative trait loci for resistance to Fusarium head blight in recombinant inbred wheat lines from the cross Huapei 57-2 / Patterson 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Fusarium head blight (FHB), primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum in North America, often results in significant losses in yield and grain quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Evaluation of FHB resistance is laborious and can be affected by environmental conditions. The development of DNA markers
associated with FHB quantitative trait loci (QTL) and their use in breeding programs could greatly enhance selection. The
objective of this study was to identify the location and effect of QTLs for FHB resistance using simple sequence repeat (SSR)
markers. A population of wheat recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross ‘Huapei57-2’/‘Patterson’ was characterized
for type II resistance in one field experiment and two tests under controlled conditions in the greenhouse. Bulked segregant
analysis followed by QTL mapping was used to identify the major segregating QTLs. Results indicate that ‘Huapei 57-2’ may
have the same resistance allele as ‘Sumai3’ at a QTL located on the short arm of chromosome 3B. Other QTLs of lower effect
size were identified on the long arm of 3Band on chromosomes 3A and 5B. Our findings along with results from other studies
demonstrate that the effect of the QTL on3BS is large and consistent across a wide range of genetic backgrounds and environments.
Pyramiding this QTL with other FHB QTLs using marker-assisted selection should be effective in improving FHB resistance in
a wheat breeding program.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Hop with powdery mildew [HPM: caused by Podosphaera macularis (Wallr.) U. Braun & S. Takam.] results in significant losses in hop production by reducing yield and quality. One means of increasing yield and quality is the production of resistant hop lines. Breeding for resistance can be significantly improved and accelerated by use of marker-assisted selection. The objective of this preliminary study was to identify QTLs and markers for genetic resistance to HPM. A bi-parental mapping population between the resistant line “Newport” and susceptible line ‘21110M’. Phenotypic data was scored under controlled greenhouse conditions. Significant differences among offspring were observed and disease resistance did not follow a distinct binomial distribution, suggesting quantitative genetic control. Genotyping-by-sequencing resulted in approximately 375 K SNP markers, which were filtered down to 2263 markers mapped to 10 linkage groups. Interval Mapping identified four QTLs with one on linkage group 1 and three located on linkage group 6. Composite interval mapping identified three QTLs, all located on linkage group 6. Mixed linear models identified 15 markers associated with expression of resistance to HPM. Three of these 15 SNPs were also identified in QTL-CIM analysis. Evaluation of the scaffolds containing the significant SNP markers identified seven putative genes—several of which appear involved in disease resistance in other plant species. The SNP markers identified in this study still require validation in unrelated populations prior to implementation in breeding programs. 相似文献
5.
Waraluk Kasettranan Prakit Somta Peerasak Srinives 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2010,13(3):155-161
Powdery mildew disease in mungbean is caused by the fungus, Erysiphe polygoni D.C. We identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling resistance to the disease in a RIL population of 190 F7 lines. The population was developed from the cross between a susceptible cultivar, “Kamphaeng Saen 1” and a resistant line,
“VC6468-11-1A”. Reaction to the disease was evaluated for resistance in field and greenhouse conditions. Results from analysis
of variance revealed that 15 SSR loci on three linkage groups (LG) associated with the resistance. Composite interval mapping
consistently identified two QTLs on two LGs, qPMR-1 and qPMR-2, conferring the resistance. qPMR-1 and qPMR-2 accounted for 20.10 and 57.81% of the total variation for plant response to the disease, respectively. Comparison based on
common markers used in our and previous studies suggested that qPMR-2 is possibly the same as the major QTL reported earlier using another resistant source. The SSR markers flanking and closely
linked to qPMR-1 (CEDG282 and CEDG191) and qPMR-2 (MB-SSR238 and CEDG166) are useful for marker-assisted selection for mungbean resistance to powdery mildew. 相似文献
6.
普通小麦白粉病成株抗性的QTL分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
以抗白粉病的日本小麦品种Fukuho-komugi和以色列小麦Oligoculm杂交F1的DH（doubled haploid）群体107个系为材料，利用313个SSR标记和37个RFLP标记，对Fukuho-komugi和Oligoculm的白粉病成株抗性进行QTL分析。试验材料于2003－2004年度种植在北京、2003－2004和2004－2005年度种植在安阳，调查白粉病发病情况。构建了由350个位点组成的遗传连锁图，覆盖小麦21个连锁群，全长3 101 cM。采用复合区间作图法进行白粉病成株抗性QTL分析，在1A、2B、4B和7D上发现4个抗白粉病QTL，分别解释13.6%、6.6%、8.9%和12.7%的表型变异。抗白粉病基因及其紧密连锁分子标记的发掘，将为小麦抗白粉病育种的分子标记辅助选择提供理论和技术支持。 相似文献
7.
Yield and its components (stem-, leaf- and top-yield) were analyzed in a population derived from the cross between F1.1 andF1.7
entries of Miscanthus sinensisAnders. Both lines are offspring of the cross between MS-90-2 and MS-88-110. The aim of this work was to identify QTLs for
yield and its components suitable to develop a Marker Aided Selection (MAS) program in M. sinensis.QTL analyses were performed using a previous linkage map based on RAPD markers which was constructed using a new mapping
strategy named ‘offspring cross’ that is useful for mapping in forest and fruit trees. The MapQTL 4.0 package was used to
perform QTL analyses. Twenty potential QTLs were detected over two years of analyses. Out of these, 6 were associated with
yield,8 with stem-yield, 2 with leaf-yield and 4with top-yield. These results constitute an initial step to develop a MAS
program for biomass production.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
9.
Water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) is the most widely cultivated food yams. Despite its importance, its production is limited by anthracnose disease caused
by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.). The use of resistant yam varieties is the most reliable approach of management of this disease. The speed and precision
of breeding can be improved by the development of genetic linkage maps which would provide the basis for locating and hence
manipulating quantitative traits such as anthracnose resistance in breeding programmes. An F1 diploid population was developed
by crossing ‘Boutou’ a female clone (with field resistance to anthracnose) with ‘Pyramide’ (susceptible). A linkage map was
generated with 523 polymorphic markers from 26 AFLP primer combinations. The resulting map covered a total length of 1538 cM
and included 20 linkage groups. It is the most saturated of all genetic linkage maps of yam to date. QTL analysis of anthracnose
resistance was performed based on response to two isolates of C. gloeosporioides. Resistance to anthracnose appeared to be inherited quantitatively. Using a LOD significance threshold of 2.6 we identified
a total of nine QTLs for anthracnose resistance. The phenotypic variance explained by each QTL ranged from 7.0 to 32.9% whereas
the total amount of phenotypic variation for anthracnose resistance explained by all significant QTLs varied from 26.4 to
73.7% depending on the isolate and the variable considered. These QTLs displayed isolate-specific resistance as well as broad
spectrum resistance. The availability of molecular markers linked to the QTLs of anthracnose resistance will facilitate marker-assisted
selection in breeding programmes. 相似文献
10.
One hundred and eighty six F1 plants from a ‘Regent’ × ‘RedGlobe’ cross were used to generate a partial linkage map with 139 microsatellite markers spanning all 19 chromosomes. Phenotypic scores for downy mildew, taken over two years, confirmed a major resistance QTL (Rpv3) against downy mildew in the interval VVIN16-cjvh to UDV108 on chromosome 18 of ‘Regent’. This locus explained up to 62 % of the phenotypic variance observed. Additionally a putative minor downy mildew resistance locus was observed on chromosome 1 in one season. A major resistance locus against powdery mildew (Ren3) was also identified on chromosome 15 of ‘Regent’ in the interval UDV116 to VChr15CenGen06. This study established the efficacy of and validated the ‘Regent’-derived downy and powdery mildew major resistance genes/QTL under South African conditions. Closely linked SSR markers for marker-assisted selection and gene pyramiding strategies were identified. 相似文献
11.
QTL analysis for grain weight in common wheat 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Neeraj Kumar Pawan L. Kulwal Anupama Gaur Akhilesh K. Tyagi Jitendra P. Khurana Paramjit Khurana Harindra S. Balyan Pushpendra K. Gupta 《Euphytica》2006,151(2):135-144
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for grain weight (GW = 1000 grain weight) in common wheat was conducted using a set of 100 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross ‘Rye Selection 111 (high GW) × Chinese Spring (low GW)’. The RILs and their two parental genotypes were evaluated for GW in six different environments (three locations × two years). Genotyping of RILs was carried out using 449 (30 SSRs, 299 AFLP and 120 SAMPL) polymorphic markers. Using the genotyping data of RILs, framework linkage maps were prepared for three chromosomes (1A, 2B, 7A), which were earlier identified by us to carry important/major genes for GW following monosomic analysis. QTL analysis for GW was conducted following genome-wide single marker regression analysis (SMA) and composite interval mapping (CIM) using molecular maps for the three chromosomes. Following SMA, 12 markers showed associations with GW, individual markers explaining 6.57% to 10.76% PV (phenotypic variation) for GW in individual environments. The high grain weight parent, Rye Selection111, which is an agronomically superior genotype, contributed favourable alleles for GW at six of the 12 marker loci identified through SMA. The CIM identified two stable and definitive QTLs, one each on chromosome arms 2BS and 7AS, which were also identified through SMA, and a third suggestive QTL on 1AS. These QTLs explained 9.06% to 19.85% PV for GW in different environments. The QTL for GW on 7AS is co-located with a QTL for heading date suggesting the occurrence of a QTL having a positive pleiotropic effect on the two traits. Some of the markers identified during the present study may prove useful for marker-assisted selection, while breeding for high GW in common wheat. 相似文献
12.
Genetic capacity for green plant regeneration in anther culture were mapped in a population comprising 50 doubled haploid
lines from a cross between two wheat varieties ‘Ciano’ and ‘Walter’ with widely different capacity for green plant regeneration.
Bulked segregant analysis with AFLP markers and composite interval mapping detected four QTLs for green plant percentage on
chromosomes 2AL (QGpp.kvl-2A), 2BL (QGpp.kvl-2B.1 and QGpp.kvl-2B.2) and 5BL (QGpp.kvl-5B).The three QTLs detected on chromosome 2AL and 2BL all derived their alleles favouring green plant formation from the responsive
parent ‘Ciano’.The remaining QTL on chromosome 5BL had the allele favouring green plants from the low responding parent ‘Walter’.
In a multiple regression analysis the four QTLs could explain a total of 80% of the genotypic variation for green plant percentage.
None of the chromosomal regions with QTLs for green plant percentage showed significant influence on either embryo formation
or regeneration frequencies from the anther culture. The three major QTLs located on group two chromosomes were fixed in a
second DH population derived from two parents ‘Ciano’ and ‘Benoist’,both with high capacity to produce green plants. A QTL
explaining31.5% of the genetic variation for green plant formation were detected on chromosome 5BL in this cross as well.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
Summary The suitability of large-fruited apple cultivars as alternative donors of powdery mildew resistance to the crabapples carrying major gene resistances was assessed. Five accessions with varying levels of mildew resistance (‘Dülmener Rosen', ‘Liberty', ‘Sciros', ‘Prima' and ‘Red Delicious') and one susceptible cultivar (‘Cox's Orange Pippin') were mated in a partial diallel design, and sub-sets of each seedling family were evaluated for three years at three New Zealand sites (Havelock North, Riwaka and Clyde) with different climatic conditions. There was a high correlation among the powdery mildew susceptibility scores of the individual seedlings over the three years, but disease levels varied among sites, with those at Clyde being the highest. All accessions with some resistance were found to confer additive resistance to their progenies to varying degrees depending on the climatic conditions of the sites, but findings suggest that progeny selection at Clyde will be sufficient for breeding purposes. The performance of the cultivar itself was not necessarily a good predictor of the level of resistance conferred to its progenies. The mostly negative genetic correlations between powdery mildew scores and fruit quality attributes suggest that selecting for powdery mildew resistance and desirable fruit quality traits may not be difficult. However, a larger number of families may be needed for more precise estimates of the genetic correlations to strengthen confidence in this conclusion. 相似文献
14.
Molecular mapping of powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat: A review 总被引：40，自引：3，他引：40
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (syn. Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici), is one of the most important diseases of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Molecular mapping and cloning of genes for resistance to powdery mildew in hexaploid wheat will facilitate the study of molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to powdery mildew diseases and help understand the structure and function of powdery mildew resistance genes, and permit marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. So far, 48 genes/alleles for resistance to powdery mildew at 32 loci have been identified and located on 16 different chromosomes, of which 21 resistance genes/alleles have been tagged by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random-amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs), sequence-tagged sites (STS) or simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for adult plant resistance (APR) to powdery mildew have been associated with molecular markers. The detailed information on chromosomal location and molecular mapping of these genes has been reviewed. Isolation of powdery mildew resistance genes and development of valid molecular markers for pyramiding resistance genes in breeding programs is also discussed. 相似文献
15.
The Swedish winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Folke has a long record of partial and race non-specific resistance to powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) in the field. The aim of the present study was to map the main genetic factors behind the partial resistance in Folke and identify molecular markers for use in marker-assisted selection. A population of 130 recombinant inbred lines was developed from a cross between Folke and the moderately susceptible spring wheat line T2038. The population was tested for powdery mildew resistance over two years at two locations in Norway and genotyped with DArT and SSR markers. Composite interval mapping detected a total of eight quantitative trait loci (QTL) for powdery mildew resistance; six with resistance from Folke on 2BS, 2DL, 5AL, 5BS and 6BS and two with resistance from T2038 on 5BS and 7AL. None of the loci with resistance from Folke mapped to chromosomal regions with known race-specific resistance genes, which confirmed the race non-specific nature of the resistance in this cultivar. The molecular markers linked to the reported QTL will be useful as a tool for selecting partial and potentially durable resistance to powdery mildew based on the resistance in Folke. 相似文献
16.
小麦白粉病成株抗性和抗倒伏性及穗下节长度的QTL定位 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
由小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57杂交获得了DH群体168个株系, 利用305个SSR标记对白粉病成株抗性、抗倒伏性和穗下节长度进行了QTL定位研究。DH群体及两亲本于2005年和2006年种植于山东泰安, 2006年种于安徽宿州。利用基于混合线性模型的QTLNetwork 2.0软件, 共检测到12个加性效应位点和10对上位效应位点。在4D染色体上控制白粉病成株抗性的qApr4D, 贡献率为20.0%, 在各环境中稳定表达, 其抗病等位基因来源于抗病亲本豫麦57; 在7D染色体上控制小麦穗下节长度的qIlbs7D, 贡献率为12.9%, 在各环境中稳定表达。加性效应和上位效应对小麦白粉病成株抗性、抗倒伏性和穗下节长度的遗传起重要作用, 并且基因与环境常常具有互作效应。以上两个QTL可分别用于小麦白粉病成株抗性和穗下节长度的分子标记辅助选择。 相似文献
17.
Jana Řepková Antonín Dreiseitl Pavel Lízal Zdeňka Kyjovská Kateřina Teturová Radka Psotková Ahmed Jahoor 《Euphytica》2006,151(1):23-30
Summary Four newly detected accessions of wild barley (Hordeum
vulgare ssp. spontaneum) resistant to powdery mildew caused by Blumeria
graminis f. sp. hordei were studied with the aim of finding the number of genes/loci conferring the resistance of individual accessions, the type of inheritance of the genes and their relationships to the Mla locus. F2 populations after crosses between the winter variety ‘Tiffany’ and four wild barley accessions and use of microsatellite DNA markers were focused on the identification of individual resistance genes/loci by means of their chromosomal locations. In PI466495, one locus conferring powdery mildew resistance was identified in highly significant linkage with the marker Bmac0213. This location is consistent with the known locus Mla on chromosome 1HS. In the other three accessions the resistance was determined by two independent loci. In PI466197, PI466297 and PI466461, one locus was identified on chromosome 1HS and three new loci were revealed on chromosomes 2HS (highly significant linkage with Bmac0134), 7HS (highly significant linkage with Bmag0021) and 7HL (significant linkage with EBmac0755). Our prospective aim is identification of further linked DNA markers and the exact location of the resistance genes on the barley chromosomes. 相似文献
18.
Koichiro Shimomura Mitsuhiro Sugiyama Yoichi Kawazu Yosuke Yoshioka 《Breeding Science》2021,71(3):326
Powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea ex Fr. Poll.), is one of the most economically important foliar diseases in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Cucumber parental line ‘Kyuri Chukanbohon Nou 5 Go’, developed from weedy cucumber line CS-PMR1, is highly resistant to powdery mildew and is promising breeding material. We performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis using double-digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-Seq) in a population from a cross between ‘Kyuri Chukanbohon Nou 5 Go’ and the Japanese native cultivar ‘Kaga-aonaga-fushinari’, which is susceptible to powdery mildew. The resistance of the population and its parents was evaluated using leaf disc assays and image analysis. We detected one major QTL on Chr. 5 that was effective at both 20°C and 25°C and one minor QTL on Chr. 1 effective at 20°C. We detected two additional QTLs in subpopulation: one on Chr. 3 effective at 20°C and one on Chr. 5 effective at both 20°C and 25°C in a position different from the major QTL. The resistance alleles at all four QTLs were contributed by ‘Kyuri Chukanbohon Nou 5 Go’. The results of this study can be used to develop practical DNA markers tightly linked to genes for powdery mildew resistance. 相似文献
19.
‘Conrad’, a soybean cultivar tolerant to Phytophthora root rot (PRR), and ‘OX760-6-1’, a breeding line with low tolerance
to PRR, were crossed. F2 derived recombinant inbred lines were advanced to F6 to generate a population through single-seed descent. This population was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs)
influencing PRR tolerance in ‘Conrad’. A total of 99 simple sequence repeat (SSR), or microsatellite, markers that were polymorphic
and clearly segregated in the F6 mapping population were used for QTL detection. Based on the data of PRR in the field at two planting locations, Woodslee
and Weaver, for the years 2000 and 2001, one putative QTL, designated as Qsatt414-596, was detected using MapMaker/QTL. Qsatt414-596
was flanked by two SSR markers from the linkage group MLG J, Satt414 and Satt596. Satt414 and Satt596 were also detected to
be significantly (P < 0.005) associated with PRR using the SAS GLM procedure and were estimated to explain 13.7% and 21.5% of the total phenotypic
variance, respectively. 相似文献
20.
The use of wild relatives in crop improvement: a survey of developments over the last 20 years 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
Hypersensitive, race specific genes primarily have been deployed to control powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis (DC) EO Speer f. sp. tritici) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); however, recent efforts have shifted to breeding for more durable resistance. Previously, three quantitative trait loci
(QTL) for adult plant resistance (APR) to powdery mildew in the winter wheat cultivar Massey were identified in a Becker/Massey
(BM) F
2:3 population. Fourteen new simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were added to the pre-existing BM F
2:3 linkage maps near the QTL for APR on chromosomes 1BL (QPm.vt-1BL), 2AL (QPm.vt-2AL), and 2BL (QPm.vt-2BL). Genetic linkage maps comprised of 17 previously and newly mapped SSRs from the BM population on chromosomes 1BL, 2AL, and
2BL were constructed in a USG 3209/Jaypee (UJ) F
6:7 recombinant inbred line (RIL) confirmation population, wherein the APR resistance of USG 3209 was derived from Massey. Interval
mapping analysis of mildew severity data collected in 2002 (F
5:6) and 2003 (F
6:7) field experiments with marker genotypic data obtained in 2003 (F
6:7) confirmed the presence of the three QTL governing APR to powdery mildew in the UJ RILs. The QTL QPm.vt-1BL, QPm.vt-2AL, and QPm.vt-2BL explained 12–13, 59–69, and 22–48% of the phenotypic variance for powdery mildew severity in the UJ confirmation populations,
respectively, in two field experiments. The current study verified that the elite wheat cultivar USG 3209 possesses the same
QTL for APR as its parent Massey. 相似文献