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1.
2.

• Introduction   

In Cryptomeria japonica, heartwood properties are considered to be affected by specific extractives. It remains unclear whether traits of specific heartwood compounds are under genetic control.  相似文献   

3.

• Context   

The frequency, size, and insertion angle of primary branches are important determinants of wood quality and can be significantly influenced by silvicultural activities.  相似文献   

4.

• Introduction   

Most temperate forests are managed for wood production, and some forestry practices generate typical environmental features such as roads, paths, ditches and tractor ruts, which are likely to affect forest species distribution.  相似文献   

5.

•Introduction  

The agricultural landscape in Eastern Canada has drastically changed in the last decades. Whilst certain forest communities are disappearing, post-agricultural forests are emerging from old fields colonized by fast-growing tree species.  相似文献   

6.

• Context  

The roles of woody-plant islands are well documented in low-altitude regions, but research related to such shrub effects in high-altitude regions is scant.  相似文献   

7.

• Background  

The data on carbon pool and biomass distribution pattern of old-growth Pinus kesiya Royle ex. Gordon forests are not available.  相似文献   

8.

• Introduction   

Xeric (trailing) forest range limits are particularly vulnerable to impacts of predicted climate change. Regional modelling studies contribute to the identification of potential local climatic threats and may support appropriate management strategies.  相似文献   

9.

Introduction   

Long-term ecological studies are essential for understanding the dynamics of natural systems. However, describing long-term dynamics in old-growth forests is often hindered by a lack of archival data.  相似文献   

10.

• Context  

Many tree breeding programmes rely entirely on clonal seed orchards as the link between breeding activities and forestry, and are thereby also exposed to yearly fluctuations in the orchard crops.  相似文献   

11.

• Introduction   

Size-density relationships define the maximum number of stems that even-aged stands of a given species can hold in relation to the mean size of trees. They are used to derive stand density measures and are useful tools used to control tree mortality.  相似文献   

12.

Introduction   

Trees in two compartments of the mixed deciduous forest Draved Forest have been monitored regularly for 50 years.  相似文献   

13.
14.

• Introduction   

Shrubs are recognized as important tree regeneration niches. In this study, we experimentally analysed the effects of shrub presence, canopy cover (closed cover and open cover-gaps), and seedling size on Pinus pinaster growth.  相似文献   

15.

• Context   

In July 2005, a wildfire occurred in windthrown spruce forests in High Tatra Mountains and damaged roughly 229 ha of previously clear-cut area.  相似文献   

16.

• Context  

Remote sensing methods, and in particular very high (metric) resolution optical imagery, are essential assets to obtain forest structure data that cannot be measured from the ground because they are too difficult to measure or because the areas to sample are too large or inaccessible.  相似文献   

17.

• Introduction   

Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) has its southern distribution limit in Mongolia in an area of rapidly rising temperatures. Direct effects of climate on tree-ring formation due to drought stress or indirect effects via the control of insect herbivore populations are little studied.  相似文献   

18.

• Introduction   

Millions of hectares of Quercus ilex forests dominate disturbed landscapes in the western part of the Mediterranean basin. Although these forests are very widespread, little is known about the composition and structure of their associated ectomycorrhizal fungal communities.  相似文献   

19.

• Introduction   

Clay soils are typically rich in nutrients but are often compact and hard during summer increasing planting shock by limiting root development. Recycling farm manure in hybrid poplar plantations may offer additional benefits to mineral fertilizer as organic amendment can create better conditions for the early development of roots in addition to nutrient release.  相似文献   

20.

Backgroud   

Populus euphratica Oliv., a long-lived woody perennial plant, is the only forest species naturally distributed in desert regions. Severe desertification has resulted in this species becoming endangered, and its populations are seriously fragmented in northwest China.  相似文献   

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