共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 406 毫秒
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采用Box-Behnken响应面设计优化亚临界萃取菜籽低温压榨饼中油脂的工艺，并将所得油的品质与正已烷、超临界CO2萃取油进行比较。结果表明：液料比和萃取时间对油脂提取率的影响极显著(p<0.01)；液料比与萃取时间存在显著的交互作用（p<0.05）；经优化后，在35℃下，设定液料比为8.3 mL/g，萃取90 min，菜籽油的提取率最高达95.10%。通过亚临界萃取得到的菜籽油磷含量为113.20mg/kg，约为正已烷萃取菜籽油(磷含量232.48mg/kg)的一半，油脂酸价与过氧化值都较正已烷萃取菜籽油低；亚临界萃取的菜籽油除磷含量与超临界萃取菜籽油差异显著外，其它品质指标，如酸价、过氧化值、甾醇及生育酚含量均与超临界萃取油差异不明显。 相似文献
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我国油料中农药残留限量 与检测技术现状与发展趋势 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对我国油料中农药残留限量和检测技术现状与发展趋势做了综述。我国油料中农药残留限量与美国、 欧盟等发达国家和组织差距很大,检测技术也相对落后。我国油料农药残留分析前处理多采用浸泡振荡、超声波 提取和液- 液分配、柱层析等传统方法,存在提取效率低,净化不彻底问题,导致检测结果精确度偏低。利用超临 界萃取( SFE)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)等新型前处理技术实现对油料中农药残留的充分提取和净化,是未来油料中 农药残留检测的发展趋势。 相似文献
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光皮树是我国重要的新型木本油料树种，其深度开发对我国油脂安全具有重要意义。近年来我国在光皮树基础研究及产业化利用等方面取得了丰硕成果，显著推进了光皮树生长发育、遗传背景、油脂合成与调控、油脂提取与分析、油脂工业转化等的研究进程。本文从农艺性状、组织结构、生理生化、分子遗传、果实发育、内含物累积、油脂提取、油脂成分、油脂应用等方面对我国光皮树研究进展进行总结，以期为后续研究应用提供参考。 相似文献
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反胶束中蛋白酶对前萃取蛋白和油脂的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在AOT/异辛烷反胶束体系中加入蛋白酶 ,研究蛋白酶对豆粉萃取分离大豆蛋白和油脂的影响。在 4 0 - 5 0℃ ,对豆粉进行 80℃ ,2min水浴预处理可提高蛋白的萃取率。与不加酶相比 ,在 35 -40℃蛋白酶可以显著提高反胶束中大豆蛋白的萃取率 ,在 4 0℃时 ,以 0 .2mol·L - 1的pH值为 8.0的枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶AS1.398液作增溶液的反胶束萃取 ,蛋白前萃取率达到 6 5 .5 % ,不加酶时为 5 6 .8% .萃取 12 0min时 ,添加中性蛋白酶AS1.398和碱性蛋白酶 2 70 9组的油脂的前萃取率比不加蛋白酶组低 1.75 %和 0 .877% .萃取 6 0min时反胶束的油脂的萃取率为正己烷萃取的 94 .6 8% .表明蛋白酶对蛋白质进入水核过程或进入后可能起作用 ,对萃取油脂作用不显著。 相似文献
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茶叶香气的提取与检测研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由于香气的独特性,香气的分析测定一直是茶叶科研领域的一个重要课题,国内外学者对其进行了大量系统而深入的研究。目前茶叶香气的提取方法集中于:同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)、减压蒸馏萃取法(VDE)、顶空吸附法(HAS)、过柱吸附法(TLA)、超临界二氧化碳萃取法(SFE)、固相微萃取(SPME)等。对于茶叶香气组分的分析常用方法有气相色谱-质谱联用技术和气相色谱-嗅觉测量法。 相似文献
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黄花蒿药用成分提取方法及检测技术研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了黄花蒿药用成分提取方法——水蒸气蒸馏法、传统有机溶剂提取法、超声波提取法、微波萃取技术、超临界CO2萃取技术等的原理和特点及检测技术，综述了这些技术在黄花蒿药用成分提取和检测中的研究利用现状，并展望了它们的应用前景。 相似文献
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超临界CO_2提取茶叶中咖啡碱 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
用超临界萃取技术分离提取茶叶中的咖啡碱，再用CH2Cl2萃取分离，得到纯度为95．16％的咖啡碱，萃取率和得率分别为16．85％、0．55％。试验结果还表明，在一定条件下，利用超临界萃取技术能够有效地分离茶多酚和咖啡碱。 相似文献
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介绍了黄花蒿药用成分提取方法--水蒸气蒸馏法、传统有机溶剂提取法、超声波提取法、微波萃取技术、超临界CO2萃取技术等的原理和特点及检测技术,综述了这些技术在黄花蒿药用成分提取和检测中的研究利用现状,并展望了它们的应用前景. 相似文献
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Patrícia CostaSandra Gonçalves Clara GrossoPaula B. Andrade Patrícia ValentãoM. Gabriela Bernardo-Gil Anabela Romano 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):246-256
Essential oil and extracts from the aerial parts of Thymus lotocephalus were obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) in two different collectors, respectively. SFE was conducted at 40 °C and a working pressure of 12 or 18 MPa. The chemical profiles were determined using GC-FID and GC-IT-MS. Oxygen-containing monoterpenes were the primary constituents in the essential oil and SFE extracts collected in the second separator, while the extracts obtained in the first separator were predominantly oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes. A large number of compounds were identified by hydrodistillation and, in contrast, the highest extraction yields were obtained using SFE. Linalool (10.43 ± 1.63%) was the main component in essential oil, whereas camphor (7.91 ± 0.84%) and cis-linalool oxide (7.25 ± 1.45%) were the major compounds in the extracts-2nd separator obtained at pressures of 12 and 18 MPa, respectively. Caryophyllene oxide was the primary constituent identified in the extracts-1st separator (4.34 ± 0.51 and 4.41 ± 1.25% obtained at 12 and 18 MPa, respectively). The antioxidant activity was assessed by ORAC and DPPH assays, and the anti-cholinesterase activity was evaluated in vitro using Ellman's method. The essential oil and SFE extracts (first separator) of T. lotocephalus possessed antioxidant activity and strongly inhibited cholinesterases. We also demonstrated that the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the essential oil could be attributed to 1,8-cineole and caryophyllene oxide, respectively. 相似文献
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Concetta Maria Messina Simona Manuguerra Rosaria Arena Giuseppe Renda Giovanna Ficano Mariano Randazzo Stefano Fricano Saloua Sadok Andrea Santulli 《Marine drugs》2021,19(4)
Non-edible parts of crustaceans could be a rich source of valuable bioactive compounds such as the carotenoid astaxanthin and peptides, which have well-recognized beneficial effects. These compounds are widely used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, and their market is rapidly growing, suggesting the need to find alternative sources. The aim of this work was to set up a pilot-scale protocol for the reutilization of by-products of processed shrimp, in order to address the utilization of this valuable biomass for nutraceutical and pharmaceuticals application, through the extraction of astaxanthin-enriched oil and antioxidant-rich protein hydrolysates. Astaxanthin (AST) was obtained using “green extraction methods,” such as using fish oil and different fatty acid ethyl esters as solvents and through supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), whereas bioactive peptides were obtained by protease hydrolysis. Both astaxanthin and bioactive peptides exhibited bioactive properties in vitro in cellular model systems, such as antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities (IA). The results show higher astaxanthin yields in ethyl esters fatty acids (TFA) extraction and significant enrichment by short-path distillation (SPD) up to 114.80 ± 1.23 µg/mL. Peptide fractions of <3 kDa and 3–5 kDa exhibited greater antioxidant activity while the fraction 5–10 kDa exhibited a better ACE-IA. Lower-molecular-weight bioactive peptides and astaxanthin extracted using supercritical fluids showed protective effects against oxidative damage in 142BR and in 3T3 cell lines. These results suggest that “green” extraction methods allow us to obtain high-quality bioactive compounds from large volumes of shrimp waste for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. 相似文献
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Kashif Ghafoor Fahad Y. AL-Juhaimi Yong Hee Choi 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(4):407-414
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique was applied and optimized for temperature, CO2 pressure and ethanol (modifier) concentration using orthogonal array design and response surface methodology for the extract yield, total phenols and antioxidants from grape (Vitis labrusca B.) seeds. Effects of extraction temperature and pressure were found to be significant for all these response variables in SFE process. Optimum SFE conditions (44?~?46 °C temperature and 153?~?161 bar CO2 pressure) along with ethanol (<7 %) as modifier, for the maximum predicted values of extract yield (12.09 %), total phenols (2.41 mg GAE/ml) and antioxidants (7.08 mg AAE/ml), were used to obtain extracts from grape seeds. The predicted values matched well with the experimental values (12.32 % extract yield, 2.45 mg GAE/ml total phenols and 7.08 mg AAE/ml antioxidants) obtained at optimum SFE conditions. The antiradical assay showed that SFE extracts of grape seeds can scavenge more than 85 % of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The grape seeds extracts were also analyzed for hydroxybenzoic acids which included gallic acid (1.21?~?3.84 μg/ml), protocatechuic acid (3.57?~?11.78 μg/ml) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (206.72?~?688.18 μg/ml). 相似文献
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豆和豆制品,红三叶草,葛藤中都含有异黄酮,包括染料木苷(Genistin),黄豆苷(Daidzin),黄豆黄苷(Glycitin)以及它们的衍生物如丙二酰(malonyl),乙酰(acetyl),苷元(aglucone )等.由于不同的组分在原料中的含量差别很大,寻找最优的异黄酮提取法是很困难的.传统的提取法利用甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、丙酮、n-丁醇、二甲基亚砜、Genapol等有机溶剂提取异黄酮.有机溶剂的大量使用对环境和人体都造成较大损害.近几年来,研究人员已发现几种高效的、环境友好型的提取法:超临界流体萃取法(SFE),超声波辅助萃取法(UAE),高压液体萃取法(PLE),固相萃取法(SPE),微波辅助萃取法(MAE)等.文章综述了从豆科植物中提取异黄酮的溶剂提取法和新近发展的提取技术. 相似文献
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为提高澳洲坚果油提取得率并获得高品质油脂,采用超声波辅助法提取澳洲坚果油,并分析提取油脂的理化性质。首先通过单因素实验考察了提取溶剂、超声功率、超声时间以及液料比对提取率的影响,然后通过响应面法优化了提取工艺参数。结果表明,正己烷对澳洲坚果油提取率较高;适当增加超声波功率、超声时间以及溶剂量,澳洲坚果油得率均随之增加;通过响应面优化,超声波辅助提取澳洲坚果油的最佳提取条件为：液料比为9.6∶1（mL/g）,超声功率为520 W,超声时间为32 min,澳洲坚果油得率达69.1%,2次提取总得率达96.3%。研究结果表明超声波辅助提取是一种有效的油脂提取方法,从脂肪酸成分比例及理化性质来看,澳洲坚果油营养价值较高。 相似文献
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2mmol/L的SFE能显著地提高大豆蔗糖酶的活力.SDS-PAGE结果表明SFE主要通过增加大豆叶片蔗糖酶的生物合成量来大幅度地提高蔗糖酶的活力.用转录抑制剂AMD(8mg/L)和翻译抑制剂CHI(1.5mg/L)处理大豆叶片,发现它们都能在较短时间内大幅度地降低蔗糖酶的活性.SFE对大豆开花期和结荚期的蔗糖酶生物合成量的增加是通过SFE促进蔗糖酶的转录水平和翻译水平来实现的,转录起主要作用. 相似文献