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中国城市森林建设的理论与实践——绿色江苏的城市森林建设 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文在系统阐述中国城市森林发展的思路、理念、措施等问题基础上,并以江苏为例对城市森林建设规划进行了具体研究,以期为中国城市森林的发展提供帮助。
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通过对武汉城市森林发展因素的综合分析,研究了武汉城市森林发展总体布局和建设重点。在城市森林建设理念上,根据武汉自然环境特点,确立了"水乡林城,生态武汉"的建设理念。在空间布局上,分析武汉地貌特征、森林资源分布现状、城市发展趋势,提出了"二轴二带,三环六楔,多廊多核"的城乡一体森林建设总体布局,并按照城市森林的建设圈层结构,将武汉城市森林建设划分为低山丘陵生态圈、平原湿地产业圈和城近郊区景观圈三个生态圈层,对每个圈层建设进行了具体布局规划。同时,根据城市森林的建设内容,从"生态林、文化林、产业林"3个方面提出了建设重点。
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以建设国家森林城市为契机,坚持城乡一体化发展,建立布局合理、绿量充足、生物多样、景观优美、特色鲜明、功能完善的城市森林生态系统,把成都建设成为"创业环境最优、人居环境最佳,综合竞争力最强"的中国中西部特大中心城市和森林生态城市。并将城市森林建设纳入修编的《成都历史文化名城保护规划》和《成都市城市总体规划》。
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论城市森林规划的实证性与规范性 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
从城市森林规划实证性与规范性的概念入手,回顾总结了景观规划设计中的实证性与规范性传统,揭示了二者并重的发展趋势,讨论了基于实证性与规范性的城市森林规划方法;在对城市森林理性过程规划程序及改进方法论述的基础上,提出了兼顾实证性与规范性的城市森林规划双循环结构过程。
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森林城市群建设是以森林为纽带和核心,统筹规划具有相似地理气候特征的城市,以系统的思想构建健康的城市生态系统与自然和谐的人居环境。森林城市群建设是当前解决区域城市生态问题的重要手段,但目前我国发展进入了瓶颈期,迫切需要新思路。文中基于欧洲城市群建设和绿色空间规划经验,如荷兰兰斯塔德的绿心、丹麦哥本哈根的绿楔等,归纳总结欧洲森林城市群绿色协同发展经验,比较分析中欧森林城市群规划管理,在提高城市森林连通性和城市群边缘地带森林斑块完整性、优化森林空间格局以及建立弹性森林生态管理机制等方面可为我国森林城市群建设提供借鉴。 相似文献
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1 IMPROVEMENT OFURBANECOLOGICALENVIRONMENT:NATURAL TREND OFURBANDEVELOPMENT1.1 Accelerated Urbanization’s Requirements forImprovement of Urban Ecological EnvironmentPresently, the ecological and environmentaldevelopment in China’s cities does not match up withthe rapid urbanization. The number and the scale ofcities/towns are rapidly increasing, making the long-existed urban environmental problems increasinglyprominent. This imposes new requirements forimprovem… 相似文献
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Forest landscape ecology and its applications in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Landscape ecology is playing an increasingly important role in resources management and landuse planning in recent decades and attracting much attention from resource managers and scientists in China as well as in the world. Reviews of landscape ecology development in China have been well documented, whereas forest landscape ecology and its applications receive relatively fewer reviews. In this paper, we first present a brief review of the historical development and current advances of landscape ecology in China and then introduce the applications of landscape ecology to forest park designs, urban greenspace planning, ecological restoration, biodiversity conservation and forest eco-hydrology. Finally, the problems with the application of forest landscape ecology in China, such as inadequate synthesis and integration, lack of basic research on patterns and processes, basic data shortage and model usage problem are discussed on the basis of which we suggest a future direction of forest landscape ecology in China. 相似文献
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城市林业可以概括为规划、建设和管理城市生态系统中树木和森林的事业。3S技术(RS,GIS,GPS)凭借实时、高效、低劳力、智能化的特点,在城市林业中的应用日益普遍。文中从国内外城市森林资源调查、景观格局规划、健康状况动态监测、生态价值评估4个方面对3S技术在城市林业中的应用现状进行了总结。分析认为,3S技术在城市林业建设的各个方面逐渐发挥着越来越重要的作用,但在国内存在着数据收集成本高及来源少、成果共享不足、公众服务信息网络不健全等问题,使其在城市林业中的高效应用较国外有一定差距。 相似文献
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Rapid urbanization and urban greening have caused great changes to urban forests in China. Understanding spatiotemporal patterns of urban forest leaf area index(LAI) under rapid urbanization and urban greening is important for urban forest planning and management. We evaluated the potential for estimating urban forest LAI spatiotemporally by using Landsat TM imagery. We collected three scenes of Landsat TM(thematic mapper)images acquired in 1997, 2004 and 2010 and conducted a field survey to collect urban forest LAI. Finally, spatiotemporal maps of the urban forest LAI were created using a NDVI-based urban forest LAI predictive model.Our results show that normalized differential vegetation index(NDVI) could be used as a predictor for urban forest LAI similar to natural forests. Both rapid urbanization and urban greening contribute to the changing process of urban forest LAI. The urban forest has changed considerably from 1997 to 2010. Urban vegetated pixels decreased gradually from 1997 to 2010 due to intensive urbanization.Leaf area for the study area was 216.4, 145.2 and173.7 km~2 in the years 1997, 2004 and 2010, respectively.Urban forest LAI decreased sharply from 1997 to 2004 and increased slightly from 2004 to 2010 because of numerous greening policies. The urban forest LAI class distributions were skewed toward low values in 1997 and 2004. Moreover, the LAI presented a decreasing trend from suburban to downtown areas. We demonstrate the usefulness of TM remote-sensing in understanding spatiotemporal changing patterns of urban forest LAI under rapid urbanization and urban greening. 相似文献