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冷冻速率和解冻温度对猪精液冷冻效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为优化冷冻和解冻方法,提高冷冻效果,本试验比较了不同冷冻速率(-100 ℃ 10 min、-120 ℃ 10 min、-140 ℃ 10 min)和不同解冻温度(37 ℃ 30 s、45 ℃ 30 s、52 ℃ 30 s、60 ℃ 30 s)对猪精液冷冻效果的影响。结果表明,采用-120 ℃熏蒸10 min,解冻后精子活力为0.36,质膜完整率和顶体完整率也优于其他2组,且差异显著(P<0.05)。采用37 ℃ 30 s方法解冻,精子活力、质膜完整率显著高于其他3组,顶体完整率也高于其他3组,但差异不显著(P>0.05),其畸形率最低和60 ℃ 30 s组差异明显(P<0.05),但与45 ℃ 30 s组和52 ℃ 30 s组差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,采用-120 ℃平衡10 min冷冻,37 ℃ 30 s水浴解冻方法更为适合0.25 mL细管猪冻精解冻。 相似文献
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北极狐、乌苏里貉精液细管冷冻技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了对濒危珍稀动物种质资源的进行保护,完善精液冷冻技术方案,对北极狐37只次、乌苏里貉32只次的精液进行细管冷冻技术研究,结果表明,北极狐精液用3%柠檬酸三钠—卵黄—甘油作冷冻稀释液,乌苏里貉精液用11%蔗糖—卵黄—甘油作冷冻稀释液,在5℃冰箱内平衡1 h后,进行细管冷冻(液氮-196℃),冻溶粒子活力达4~5级。速冻法优于缓冻法。细管冻精在50℃温水中快速溶化,北极狐精液用3%柠檬酸三钠作解冻液,乌苏里貉精液用7%葡萄糖液作解冻液效果较佳。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2018,(23)
为探究鸡细管冻精制作的最佳冷藏操作条件,筛选一种较好的冷冻前低温冷藏装置和方法,试验设计两种不同冷藏装置,即分别利用碎冰盆装置和车载冰箱提供低温冷藏条件,进行精液冷冻前稀释和平衡处理操作,再制作鸡甘油细管冷冻精液,检查精液质量。结果表明:使用碎冰盆和车载冰箱均能在5 min内将温度降至3～5℃,但碎冰盆内的操作温度能稳定在(4.0±0.1)℃,而车载冰箱的操作温度存在1.0℃以上的波动,在碎冰盆中进行精液的稀释和平衡操作后制作的鸡甘油细管冻精解冻后精液质量显著好于在车载冰箱中操作的效果。从精子存活及精液保存的总体效果来看,在碎冰盆中操作效果比在车载冰箱中的操作效果更好。 相似文献
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为提高鸡细管精液冷冻质量,采用2%、4%、6%、8%、11%的甘油浓度,离液氮面9种熏蒸高度,两步冷冻法,5℃水浴解冻3min,离心去甘油等,通过活力与人工输精检测冷冻效果。结果表明:(1)以甘油浓度为主效应,8%~11%各组间差异不显著(P0.05),但11%组效果最优;以冷冻速率作为主效应,6~8高度处各组间差异不显著(P0.05),其中第6高度处效果最优;甘油浓度-冷冻速率交互作用下"浓度"、"速率"、"浓度-速率"对活力有极显著的影响(P0.01);去除甘油前与去除后的精子活力成正相关,去甘油导致活力下降程度达50%左右;(2)以受精率为指标,6%甘油浓度组的最高(77.63%),与4%、8%组差异不显著(P0.05);11%组显著低于4%、6%、8%组(P0.05);(3)采用2%甘油浓度组的黑丝羽乌骨鸡冻精,对白莱航鸡和伊萨鸡母鸡进行人工输精,孵化效果无显著性差异(P0.05),但白莱航鸡略高于伊萨鸡。研究结果提示,采用6%甘油浓度,冷冻装置的第6高度处对鸡精液进行冷冻效果最好。 相似文献
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细管冻精较之颗粒冻精具有适于快速冷冻,精液受温均匀,冷冻效果较好,剂量标准,标记鲜明、精液不易混淆,不受污染,解冻使用方便,便于异地输精等诸多优点,而受到欢迎。部分地区试验结果表明,细管冻精受胎效果优于颗粒冻精,尤其是第一情期受胎率和情期受胎率都有明显提高,分别提高7.2%和4.9%。目前云南省已大面积推广使用,但在应用过程中仍存在一些问题值得探讨。1解冻活力低细管冻精的贮存、运输、取放、解冻等环节都直接影响到冻精的解冻活力,目前细管冻精解冻活力低的主要原因是:①贮存、运输过程中未及时添加液氮,冻精长时间暴露在液氮外;… 相似文献
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选取本地常见的杂种宠物犬共计6只进行精液采集和冷冻试验,精液冷冻过程中分别采用一步稀释法和两步稀释法。结果显示,采用一步稀释法的颗粒冻精解冻后活力(0.37±0.01)与0.25m L细管冻精的解冻后活力(0.35±0.01)及0.5 m L细管冻精的解冻后活力(0.32±0.01)的均差异显著(P0.05),而0.25 m L细管冻精的解冻后活力(0.35±0.01)与0.5 m L细管冻精的解冻后活力(0.32±0.01)的差异极显著(P0.01);采用两步稀释法的颗粒冻精的解冻后活力(0.40±0.01)与0.25 m L细管冻精的解冻后活力(0.39±0.01)以及0.5 m L细管冻精的解冻后活力(0.36±0.02)的差异均不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,杂种宠物犬精液冷冻保存时采用一步稀释法颗粒冻精的冷冻效果比0.25 m L细管和0.5 m L细管均好,而两步稀释法对不同冻精剂型的影响不明显。 相似文献
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Sudershan Kumar Anil K. Srivastava V. K. Dumka Naresh Kumar Rajinder K. Raina 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(6):503-510
Pharmacokinetics and milk levels of ceftriaxone were studied in healthy and endometritic cows following single intravenous
administration. The drug was detected up to 8 h of dosing in plasma of healthy and endometritic cows and the drug disposition
followed three-compartment open model. The values of Vdarea, AUC, t1/2β, ClB, MRT and P/C ratio were 0.50 ± 0.19 L.kg−1, 62.2 ± 23.3 μg.ml−1.h, 1.02 ± 0.07 h, 0.30 ± 0.09 L.kg−1.h−1, 1.55 ± 0.25 h and 0.52 ± 0.27, respectively, in healthy and 1.55 ± 0.52 L.kg−1, 37.0 ± 17.1 μg.ml−1.h, 1.56 ± 0.25 h, 0.56 ± 0.14 L.kg−1.h−1, 2.14 ± 0.34 h and 1.44 ± 0.60, respectively, in endometritic cows. The drug was detected in milk for 36 h after administration.
For MIC90 of 0.5 μg.ml−1 the most appropriate dosage for ceftriaxone, would be 9.0 mg.kg−1 repeated at 6 h intervals for the treatment of endometritis in cows. 相似文献
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Isabel Oliveira Cosentino Mario Felipe Alvarez Balaro Felipe Seabra Cardoso Leal Lucas de Figueiredo Cardoso Barbosa Fernanda Martins Gonçalves Gabriel Feliciano Felizardo Marina Monteiro Netto Felipe Zandonadi Brandão 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(11):1655-1659
This study aimed to evaluate the exogenous progesterone (P4) effect on the luteal function from Day 16 to Day 21 of the oestrous cycle in inseminated goats with unknown pregnancy status. A total of 54 does passed through a short progestin-based synchronization protocol and, on Day 16 of the following oestrous cycle, 27 does received a new P4 device which was retained until Day 21. Blood samples were collected daily from all does during this period, as well as on Day 24. Pregnancy diagnoses were performed on Day 30. Serum P4 values from 26 animals (GNPSP: Group of non-pregnant does with second sponge: n = 8; GNPNSP: Group of non-pregnant does without second sponge: n = 6; GPSP: Group of pregnant does with second sponge: n = 5; GPNSP: Group of pregnant does without second sponge: n = 7) were determined by radioimmunoassay commercial kits. No P4 differences were found between groups (GNPSP: 3.1 ± 2.8; 1.7 ± 1.8; 0.4 ± 1.0; and 0.0 ± 0.0 vs. GNPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.8; 3.0 ± 2.2; 0.8 ± 0.8; and 0.0 ± 0.0 or GPSP: 4.2 ± 1.0; 3.4 ± 0.6; 3.3 ± 1.6; 3.2 ± 0.9; 3.6 ± 1.2; 3.5 ± 1.3; 2.7 ± 1.3 vs. GPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.6; 3.6 ± 1.5; 3.7 ± 1.5; 3.8 ± 1.4; 3.2 ± 1.2; 3.1 ± 1.2; 3.6 ± 1.1; D16, D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D24, respectively) or for the interaction of group and time. In conclusion, a second progestogen device had no effect on luteolysis or early pregnancy in the following oestrous cycle. 相似文献
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R.A. Alcaraz RomeroJ.A. Quintal Franco D. Hernandez SánchezT. Sánchez Torres E. Villagómez AmezcuaJ. Ramon Ugalde J. Baeza RodríguezR. Bores Quintero J.G. Cantón Castillo 《Livestock Science》2012,143(1):24-28
Seventy crossbred ewe lambs, born from Pelibuey (PB) dams mated with five sire breeds: White Dorper × PB (WD × PB), Black Head Dorper × PB (BHD × PB), Ile de France × PB (Ile × PB) Katahdin × PB (KT × PB) and Pelibuey (PB × PB), were used to determine age and weight to puberty, follicular populations during prepubertal development, ovulation rate at first ovulation and function of the first corpus luteum (FCL). Ewe lambs were maintained under grazing conditions and were supplemented with 300 g head− 1 day− 1 of a concentrate with 14% CP and 3.0 Mcal ME kg− 1 of DM. From 145 days of age, monthly observations were performed by endoscopy to monitor follicular populations and luteal structures. Ovarian follicles were classified according to size into small (≥ 1 and < 3 mm), medium (≥ 3 and ≤ 4 mm) and large (> 4 mm). Additionally, weekly observations by ultrasonography were performed in four ewes per genotype to assess follicular populations. Luteal function from first ovulation was determined by circulating concentrations of progesterone. Ovulation rate was not affected by genotype (P > 0.05). All breed groups had the same pattern of follicular populations, where most of follicles were small, followed by medium and a small proportion of large follicles. Maximum diameter of follicles was similar for all genotypes during prepubertal development (P > 0.05), with an average range of 3.9 ± 0.20 to 4.4 ± 0.20 mm. The BHD × PB reached puberty at the youngest age of 240.9 ± 13.0 days, compared to all other genotypes (P < 0.05), 259.1 ± 11.7 for WD × PB, 279.3 ± 9.6 for KT × PB and 289.0 ± 15.3 days for PB × PB and 308.6 ± 11.9 days for Ile × PB ewe lambs. Ile × PB had greater weight to first ovulation (31.5 ± 1.19 kg) as compared to other breed groups (P < 0.01). The largest percentage of FCL was for KT × PB ewes (100%) (P < 0.05), followed by BHD × PB (88.9%), PB × PB (83.3), WD × PB (78.6%) and Ile × PB (77.8%). There were no differences in ovulation rate attributable to type of lambing from which ewe lambs came from (P > 0.05). BHD × PB ewe lambs reached puberty at an earlier age than other in this study. KT × PB ewe lambs had the highest percentage of FCL in their first ovulation. Breed of sire Ile de France increased weight to puberty and decreased FCL at first ovulation. In conclusion, the BHD × PB ewe showed puberty at an earlier age than other genotypes, while the KT × PB had the highest percentage of functional corpus luteum in their first ovulation. Ewe lambs coming from single lambings reach puberty at a heavier weight than those coming from multiple lambings. The ovulation rate in the first ovulation of ewe lambs is not affected by genotype and type of lambing. 相似文献
15.
Summary Standard haematological values have been calculated for female Holstein and Brown Swiss cattle kept at high altitudes in the Andean Sierra. Overall mean values were 5·9 × 1012 l–1 for the red cell count, 0·321l–1 for the packed cell volume, 9·6 gdl–1 for the haemoglobin concentration, 55·0 femtolitres for the mean corpuscular volume, 30·5 gdl–1 for the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and 16·7 pg for mean corpuscular haemoglobin. Red cell indices tended to be higher in Holstein cattle than in Brown Swiss kept at the same altitude and were higher in cattle kept at higher altitudes. Mean white cell parameters were 9·7 × 109 l–1 for total white cells, 2·6 × 109 l–1 for neutrophils, 0·086 × 109 l–1 for bands, 6·3 × 109 l–1 for lymphocytes, 0·7 × 109 l–1 for eosinophils, 0·073 × 109 l–1 for monocytes and 0·001 × 109 l–1 for basophils.
Parametros Hematologicos En Vacas Pardo Suizas Y Holstein Mantenidas A Gran Altitud
Resumen Se calcularon los valores hematológicos estandar de vacas de raza Holstein y Pardo Suiza mantenidas a altitudes elevadas en los Andes. Los valores medios fueron 5·9 × 1012l–1 para la concentración de eritrocitos, 0·321l–1 para el valor hematocrito, 9·6 gdl–1 para la concentración de hemoglobina, 55·0 femtolitros para el volumen corpuscular medio, 30·5 gdl–1 para la concentración corpuscular media de hemoglobina y 16·7 pg para la hemoglobina corpuscular media. La concentración de eritrocitos tendió a ser superior en vacas Holstein que en vacas Pardo Suizas mantenidas a la misma altitud y fue mayor en animales mantenidos a altitudes superiores. Los parámetros leucocitarios medios fueron 9·7 × 109l–1 para la concentración de leucocitos totales, 2·6 × 109l–1 para la de neutrófilos, 0·086 × 109l–1 para la de neutrófilos en banda, 6·3 × 109l–1 para la de linfocitos, 0·7 × 109l–1 para la de eosinófilos, 0·073 × 109l–1 para la de monocitos y 0·001 × 109l–1 para la de basófilos.
Parametres Hematologiques Chez Les Bovins Brown Suisse Et Holstein En Altitude Elevee
Résumé On a calculé les valeurs hématologiques standard pour les vaches Holstein et Brown Suisse élevées dans les hautes altitudes de la sierra andine. En général, les valeurs moyennes ont été de 5,9 × 1012l–1 pour la numération des hématies, 0,321l–1 pour l'hématocrite, 9,6 gd l–1 pour la concentration en hémoglobine, 55,0 femtolitres pour le volume globulaire moyen, 30,5 gdl–1 pour la concentration corpusculaire moyenne en hémoglobine et 16,7 pg pour l'hémoglobine globulaire moyenne. Les indices globulaires ont tendance a être plus élevés chez les Holsteins que chez les Brown Suisses élevées à la même altitude et a être plus élevées pour les bovins élevés à des altitudes plus hautes. Les paramètres moyens pour les leucocytes ont été 9,7 × 109l–1 pour la numération leucoytaire totale, de 2,6 × 109l–1 pour les neutrophiles, de 0,086 × 109l–1 pour les bandes, de 6,3 × 109l–1 pour les lymphocytes, de 0,7 × 109l–1 pour les éosinophiles, de 0,073 × 109l–1 pour les monocytes et de 0,001 × 109l–1 pour les basophiles.相似文献
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Influence of dietary lysine level on whole-body protein turnover, plasma IGF-I, GH and insulin concentration in growing pigs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Four growing pigs (initial liveweight 25.9 ± 0.54 kg, final liveweight 43.0 ± 1.06 kg) were used to study the effect of dietary lysine level on nutrient digestibility, whole-body protein turnover, plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH), insulin, glucose, and urea nitrogen (PUN). Four diets, containing 7.0 g (L1), 9.5 g (L2), 12.0 g (L3) and 14.5 g (L4) lysine per kg diet respectively, were formulated as experimental treatments. The animals and diets were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Nitrogen (N) metabolism and whole-body protein turnover were measured by classical method and single-dose 15N end-product method, respectively. The blood samples were taken at the end of each experimental period. Results showed that N retention (NR) and N biological value (NBV) were significantly increased from L1 to L4 (P < 0.05). However, differences in NR and NBV between L2, L3 and L4 were not significant (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference on dry matter (DM) digestibility, organic matter (OM) digestibility and N digestibility between different treatments (P > 0.05). Whole-body protein synthesis, protein degradation and protein accretion increased markedly from L1 to L2 (P < 0.05), but did not increase further from L2 to L4. Whole-body protein accretion (y, g/kg W0.75/d) increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = − 0.09x2 + 2.12x − 5.14 (r2 = 0.96, n = 4, P < 0.05).The results also showed that differences in plasma IGF-I, GH, glucose and PUN concentration between different treatments were not significant (P > 0.05). Plasma insulin concentration (y, μIU/ml) was increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = 0.23x2 − 4.10x + 32.25 (r2 = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05), but it was not found that plasma insulin concentration was related to NR. A significant correlation was found between NR (y, g/d) and plasma IGF-I (x, ng/ml): y = − 3.1 × 10− 3x2 + 1.31x − 122.28 (r2 = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05).It was concluded that dietary lysine level had a significant influence on NR and whole-body protein turnover but not on plasma IGF-I and GH concentration. Plasma IGF-I may be an important factor controlling N metabolism of growing pigs. Further research was needed to study the mechanism. 相似文献
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In this study the disposition kinetics and plasma availability of moxifloxacin in Muscovy ducks after single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral (p.o.) administrations of 5 mg kg?1 b.wt. were investigated. The concentrations of moxifloxacin in the plasma were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection on samples collected at frequent intervals after drug administration. Following intravenous injection, the decline in plasma drug concentration was bi-exponential with half-lives of (t1/2α) 0.22 ± 0.10 h and (t1/2β) 2.49 ± 0.26 h for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. The volume of distribution at steady-state (Vdss) was 1.02 ± 0.14 l kg?1 and the total body clearance (Cltot) was 0.32 ± 0.11 l kg?1 h?1, respectively. After intramuscular and oral administration of moxifloxacin at the same dose the peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) were 2.38 ± 0.43 and 2.11 ± 0.36 μg ml?1 and were obtained at 1.47 ± 0.26 and 1.83 ± 0.16 h (Tmax), respectively, the elimination half-lives (T1/2el) were 3.14 ± 0.42 and 2.63 ± 0.44 h, respectively, and AUC0–24 were 15.87 ± 2.35 and 14.52 ± 2.37 μg ml?1 h?1, respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 96.36 ± 11.54% and 86.79 ± 12.64%, respectively. In vitro plasma protein binding percent was 32%. We concluded that moxifloxacin might be clinically interesting alternative for the treatment of most sensitive bacterial infections in Muscovy ducks. 相似文献
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Summary Leptospira interrogansserotypes pomonaand icterohaemorrhagiaewere isolated from the kidneys of Rattus norvegicustrapped on pomonainfected piggeries.The isolation of pomonafrom one of 111cultured kidneys, although of interest, strongly suggests that this rat does not play an important part in the epidemiology of infection by this serotype.
Kidney tubular degeneration, focal mononuclear infiltrations and fibroplasia are morphological traces which remain after an attack of leptospirosis. The high percentage (48.6)of these lesions found in the rat kidneys examined does not seem to be related to serotype pomonabut to icterohaemorrhagiae.The importance of this last serotype in swine in the Cauca Valley has yet to be assessed.
Leptospirosis En Colombia: Aislamiento DeLeptospira SPP. De Riñones De Ratas Pardas (Rattus Norvegicus) Atrapadas En Porquerizas Infectadas
Resumen Se aislóLeptospira interrogans serotipospomona eicterohaemorrhagiae de riñones deRattus norvegicus atrapadas en porquerizas infectadas porpomona. El aislamiento depomona de 1/111 riñones cultivados, aunque de interés, sugiere que esta rata no desempeña parte importante en la epidemiología de las infecciones por este serotipo.Degeneración tubular renal, infiltración mononuclear focal y fibroplasia son huellas morfológicas que quedan después de un ataque de leptospirosis. El alto porcentaje (48.6) de estas lesiones encontradas en los riñones de las ratas examinadas no parece estar relacionado con el serotipopomona sino con elicterohaemorrhagiae. La importancia de este último seroptipo en cerdos en el Valle del Cauca no se ha evaluado todavía.
Leptospiroses En Colombie: Isolement DeLeptospira SPP. De Reins De Rats Bruns (Rattus Norvegicus) Captures Dans Des Porcheries
Résumé Les sérotypespomona eticterohaemorrhagiae deLeptospira interrogans ont été isolés de reins deRattus norvegicus capturés dans des porcheries infectées de (pomona?). L'isolement depomona sur une seule des 111 cultures de rein effectuées, bien qu'interessant, suggère fortement que ce rat ne joue pas un rôle important dans l'épidémiologie de l'infection par ce sérotype.La dégénerescence tubulaire des reins, des infiltrations ponctuelles par des monocucléaires et l'aspect fibreux constituent les traces morphologiques qui demeurent après une attaque de leptospirose. Le pourcentage élevé (48,6) de ces lésions trouvées dans les les reins des rats examinés semble être plus en rapport avec le sérotypeicterohaemorrhagiae qu'avec le sérotypepomona. L'importance du sérotypeicterohaemorrhagiae chez le porc de la Cauca Valley est encore à vérifier.相似文献
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Summary Microfilariae of three genera, namelyElaeophora böhmi, Onchocerca cervicalis andParafilaria multipapillosa were recovered from blood samples of equidae in Tehran, Iran. These microfilarial infections in equidae are reported for the first time from Iran.
Infestacion Filaroidea De Equinos En El Area De Teheran, Iran
Resumen Microfilarias de tres géneros,Elaeophora bohmi, Onchocerca cervicalis andParafilaria multipapillosa se aislaron de la sangre de equinos en el area de Teherán, Irán. Este es el primer reporte de la infestación filaroidea de equinos en Irán.
Filariose Des Equides Dans La Region De Teheran En Iran
Résumé Les microfilaires des genresElaeophora böhmi, Onchocerca cervalis etParafilaria multipapillosa ont été trouvées dans des échantillons de sang d'équidés de la région de Téhéran en Iran. C'est la première fois qu'un tel parasitisme des équidés est constaté en Iran.相似文献
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D. K. Miller O. Diall T. M. Craig G. G. Wagner 《Tropical animal health and production》1984,16(2):71-77
Summary A serological survey of cattle in Mali was carried out to determine the prevalence of antibody activity toBabesia bovis andB. bigemina. It was found that the level ofB. bovis infection as indicated by antibody activities was too low to be of immediate concern. However, the serological prevalence ofB. bigemina was high and this may indicate a potential disease problem. It was also found that when zebu and N'Dama cattle grazed together the N'Dama were twice as likely to have positive titres toBabesia as were the zebus.
Prevalencia Serologica De Babesiosis Bovina En Mali
Resumen Se llevó a cabo un análisis serológico en Malí, para detectar la prevalencia deBabesia bovis yBabesia bigemina. Se encontró, que la prevalencia serológica deB. bovis es baja para considerar la enfermedad una amenaza inmediata. Sinembargo, la prevalencia deB. bigemina fué alta, un problema potencial. Tambien se encontró, que cuando el ganado Cebu y N'Dama pastorea junto, el N'Dama presenta el doble de títulos serológicos deB. bigemina.
Frequence Serologique De La Babesiose Bovine Au Mali
Résumé Une enquête sérologique sur le bétail au Mali a été effectuée pour déterminer la fréquence de l'activité des anticorps àBabesia bovis etB. bigemina. On a trouvé que le degré d'infection àB. bovis tel qu'indiqué par les réactions anticorps était trop faible pour constituer un souci immédiat. Cependant la fréquence sérologique deB. bigemina était élevée, ce qui peut indiquer un problème pathologique potentiel. On a aussi noté que lorsque les zébus et les N'Dama broûtaient ensemble, les N'Dama avaient deux fois plus de chance d'avoir des titres positifs àBabesia que ne l'avaient les zébus.相似文献