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1.
A severe rot was found on the stems and roots of scarlet runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus) in Ibaraki Prefecture (Japan) in August 2004. The causal fungus was identified as Pythium myriotylum. We propose the name of stem and root rot of scarlet runner bean (“Kuki-negusare-byo” in Japanese) for this new disease. 相似文献
2.
Toshiko Furukawa Kinji Ushiyama Kunihei Kishi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(2):117-119
A leaf spot disease of scarlet sage (Salvia splendens Sellow ex J.A. Shultes) found in Kanagawa and Tokyo prefectures was demonstrated to be caused by Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. and Curt.) Wei based on inoculation experiments, and morphological identification of the pathogenic fungus. Isolates
of C. cassiicola from cucumber, green pepper, and hydrangea were also pathogenic to scarlet sage leaves. Although the isolates from cucumber,
green pepper, and hydrangea were pathogenic to scarlet sage leaves, the scarlet sage isolate was not pathogenic to cucumber,
green pepper, hydrangea, eggplant, tomato or soybean. 相似文献
3.
S. Lokesh M. Govindappa V. B. Raghavendra J. Sudisha 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(4):338-340
Crossandra infundibuliformis (L.) Nees is an important commercial plant in many cities in India, which is useful for bouquets, garlands, and decorations.
The crop is affected by a new flower rot caused by Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. Severely infected plants had purplish leaves, decayed flowers and shortened internodes and were colonized by
the cottony colonies of the fungus. The fungus was isolated and caused the same symptoms on plants after inoculation. 相似文献
4.
Two diseases of adzuki bean, brown stem rot (BSR, caused by Cadophora gregata f. sp. adzukicola) and adzuki bean Fusarium wilt (AFW, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. adzukicola), are serious problems in Hokkaido and have been controlled using cultivars with multiple resistance. However, because a
new race of BSR, designated race 3, was identified, sources of parental adzuki bean for resistance to race 3 were needed.
Therefore, we examined 67 cultivars and lines of cultivated and wild adzuki bean maintained at the Tokachi Agricultural Experiment
Station using a root-dip inoculation method. Consequently, nine adzuki bean cultivars, one wild adzuki bean accession and
30 lines (including two lines resistant to all the three races of BSR and AFW) were confirmed to be resistant or tolerant
to race 3 of BSR, and we found a cultivar Akamame as well as a wild adzuki bean Acc2515 to be a new source for a resistance
gene to the race 3. This cultivar also holds promise as a source of resistance against other races of BSR and AFW. 相似文献
5.
M. Fortass S. Diallo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1993,99(4):219-226
Broad bean mottle virus (BBMV) was transmitted from infected to healthy faba-bean plants by the curculionid weevilsApion radiolus Kirby,Hypera variabilis Herbst,Pachytychius strumarius Gyll,Smicronyx cyaneus Gyll, andSitona lineatus L. The latter appeared to be an efficient vector: acquisition and inoculation occurred at the first bite, the rate of transmission was c. 41%, and virus retention lasted for at least seven days.S. lineatus transmitted the virus from faba bean to lentil and pea, but not to the three genotypes of chickpea tested. This is the first report on the generaHypera, Pachytychius, andSmicronyx as virus vectors, and onA. radiolus, H. variabilis, P. strumarius, andS. cyaneus as vectors of BBMV.Out of 351 samples of food legumes with symptoms suggestive of virus infection, 16, 11, 19, and 17% of the samples of chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean, respectively, were found infected when tested for BBMV in DAS-ELISA. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of BBMV in chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean. The virus should be regarded as a food-legume virus rather than a faba-bean virus solely, and is considered an actual threat to food legume improvement programmes. 相似文献
6.
Shigemitsu Kimura Susumu Tokumaru Kazuhiko Kuge 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(4):322-324
Yeast-like fungi were isolated from lesions on azuki bean (cv. Shin-Kyotodainagon) seeds that had been sucked by bean bugs
in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. On the basis of morphological and physiological characteristics and sequence data of the internal
transcribed spacer (ITS) regions including the 5.8S rDNA, these yeasts were identified as Eremothecium coryli and E. ashbyi. Pathogenicity of those yeasts was confirmed by a reinoculation test. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence
of yeast spot in azuki bean in Japan.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the GeneBank/EMBL/DDBJ database as accessions AB478291–AB478309 for
E. coryli AZC1–19 and AB478310–AB478317 for E. ashbyi AZA1–8. 相似文献
7.
Atilla Dursun M. Figen Dönmez Fikrettin Şahin 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(8):811-813
Common bacterial blight (CBB) in edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), incited Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli, reduces bean yields and seed quality. The main objective of this study was to determine resistance to common bacterial blight in bean genotypes. Twenty-two bean genotypes grown in Turkey including common and snap bean cultivars/lines were collected from different parts of Turkey and tested for resistance against to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain MFD-11. All the common and snap bean lines/cultivars tested were moderately susceptible, susceptible or highly susceptible, except AG-7117 which was found resistant to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. This is the first report of a resistance source in a common bean line (AG-7117) against Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. 相似文献
8.
Tri Asmira Damayanti Desmiarti Susilo Siti Nurlaelah Dewi Sartiami Tetsuro Okuno Kazuyuki Mise 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(6):438-442
Severe mosaic with leaf malformation and green vein banding was observed on yam bean in West and Central Java, Indonesia.
Virions of the causal virus were flexuous filaments, about 700 nm in length, with a coat protein of 30 kDa. The virus was
transmitted by mechanical inoculation and by aphids in a nonpersistent manner. The nucleotide sequence of the coat protein
gene had the highest identity with that of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV, genus Potyvirus) isolate VN/BB2-5. Based on demarcation criteria, including the genome sequence and host range, we tentatively designate
this isolate as BCMV-IYbn (Indonesian yam bean).
The nucleotide sequence reported is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB289438. 相似文献
9.
Shin-ichi Fuji Nanae Mochizuki Masashi Fujinaga Makoto Ikeda Kouichi Shinoda Seiji Uematsu Hiromitsu Furuya Hideki Naito Fumiyoshi Fukumoto 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):216-221
Alstroemeria plants were surveyed for viruses in Japan from 2002 to 2004. Seventy-two Alstroemeria plants were collected from Aichi, Nagano, and Hokkaido prefectures and 54.2% were infected with some species of virus. The
predominant virus was Alstroemeria mosaic virus, followed by Tomato spotted wilt virus, Youcai mosaic virus (YoMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alstroemeria virus X and Broad bean wilt virus-2 (BBWV-2). On the basis of nucleotide sequence of the coat protein genes, all four CMV isolates belong to subgroup IA. CMV
isolates induced mosaic and/or necrosis on Alstroemeria. YoMV and BBWV-2 were newly identified by traits such as host range, particle morphology, and nucleotide sequence as viruses
infecting Alstroemeria. A BBWV-2 isolate also induced mosaic symptoms on Alstroemeria seedlings. 相似文献
10.
Yurika Matoba Norio Kondo Seishi Akino Fujio Kodama Shigeo Naito Shigehiko Ebe 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(1):81-85
Five Pythium species (Pythium irregulare, P. mamillatum, P. myriotylum, P. spinosum and P. ultimum var. ultimum) were isolated from the hypocotyls and roots of kidney bean plants with damping-off from a commercial field and from experimental
plots that have undergone either continuous cropping with kidney bean or rotational cropping with arable crops. In inoculation
tests, all five Pythium species were pathogenic to kidney bean. This is the first report of damping-off of kidney bean caused by Pythium species; we named this disease damping-off of kidney bean.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers AB291811, AB291944
and AB291945. 相似文献
11.
Field studies were conducted near Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, in 2001, 2004 and 2005 to determine the efficacy of the antagonistic
fungusUlocladium atrum for control of white mold of bean caused bySclerotinia sclerotiorum. Results of the 3 years of field trials showed that, compared with the untreated control, foliar application of a spore suspension
ofU. atrum (300 ml m−2 of 106 spores ml−1 suspension) significantly reduced incidence and severity of white mold, increased seed yield and reduced contamination of
bean seed by sclerotia ofS. sclerotiorum. The level of control of white mold observed in the treatment ofU. atrum was similar to that of the mycoparasitic fungusConiothyrium minitans, but lower than the fungicide treatments of Ronilan (vinclozolin) at the rate of 1200 g ha−1 per application in 2001, or Lance (boscalid) at the rate of 750 g ha−1 per application in 2004 and 2005. The potential for use ofU. atrum as a biological control agent for sclerotinia diseases is discussed.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 12, 2006. 相似文献
12.
Plants have developed mechanisms to resist secondary infection upon inoculation with a necrotizing pathogen, chemical treatment
as well as treatment with some non-pathogenic microorganisms such as rhizosphere bacteria. This phenomenon has been variously
described as induced systemic resistance (ISR) or systemic acquired resistance. In the present study, the chemical benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic
acid-S-methyl ester (BTH, acibenzolar-S-methyl), and the rhizobacteriaPseudomonas aeruginosa KMPCH andP. fluorescens WCS417 were tested for their ability to induce resistance toColletotrichum lindemuthianum in susceptible and moderately resistant bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). BTH induced local and systemic resistance when bean leaves were immersed in 10−3 to 10−7 M BTH 3 days before the challenge inoculation. At a high concentration (10−3 M), BTH induced resistance of the same order as resistance induced by the pathogenC. lindemuthianum, although at this high concentration BTH appeared to be phytotoxic. Soil and seed treatment with 1 mg kg−1 BTH protected beans against anthracnose. BTH-mediated induced resistance was effective in susceptible and moderately resistant
plants.P. aeruginosa KMPCH induced resistance in bean againstC. lindemuthianum only in a moderately resistant interaction. KMPCH-567, a salicylic acid mutant of KMPCH, failed to induce resistance, indicating
that salicylic acid is important for KMPCH to induce resistance in the bean—C. lindemuthianum system.P.fluorescens WCS417 could induce resistance toC. lindemuthianum in a susceptible and in moderately resistant interactions.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 16, 2002. 相似文献
13.
为明确我国热带和亚热带地区蚕豆Vicia faba和豌豆Pisum sativum锈病的病原菌种类,通过致病性测定和ITS序列系统发育分析对来自我国云南省玉溪市的4份豌豆锈菌分离物及云南、广西、重庆和四川省(区、市)的5份蚕豆锈菌分离物进行系统鉴定。结果显示,分离自豌豆的锈菌WX1分离物对蚕豆和豌豆均具有高致病性,在侵染叶片上产生大量锈子器;分离自蚕豆的锈菌CX3分离物仅对蚕豆具有高致病性,能在叶片上产生大量夏孢子,而对豌豆的致病性相对较低,仅产生少量的夏孢子堆;分离物WX1和CX3对小扁豆和鹰嘴豆不具有致病性。基于ITS序列系统发育分析表明,所有不同寄主来源的蚕豆单胞锈菌分离物均聚类于一个系统发育组,但分离自蚕豆和豌豆的分离物分别聚类在不同的亚组。表明分离自云南省玉溪市豌豆上的蚕豆单胞锈菌Uromyces viciae-fabae应为豌豆专化型,定名为U. viciae-fabae ex P. sativaum,而来源于云南、广西、重庆和四川省(区、市)的蚕豆锈病病原菌为蚕豆专化型U. viciae-fabae ex V. faba。 相似文献
14.
Oxalic acid secreted by the phytopathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotium rolfsii and its effect on o-diphenol oxidase activity in infected apples and dwarf bean pods respectively has been investigated. Concentrations of oxalic acid in culture filtrates and in infected tissues were determined. Oxalic acid was found to suppress enzymic browning in apples by mixed-competitive inhibition of the o-diphenol oxidase. By contrast, in bean pods the secreted oxalic acid reduced the pH to a level where o-diphenol oxidase was inactive. It is postulated that this action enhances the pathogen's success by suppressing the host's defence mechanisms. 相似文献
15.
P. Oyarzun M. Gerlagh A. E. Hoogland 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1993,99(1):23-33
Research on root rot pathogens of peas in the Netherlands has confirmed the prevalence ofFusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Pythium spp.,Mycosphaerella pinodes andPhoma medicaginis var.pinodella. Aphanomyces euteiches andThielaviopsis basicola were identified for the first time as pea pathogens in the Netherlands. Other pathogens such asRhizoctonia solani andCylindrocarpon destructans were also found on diseased parts of roots.
F. solani existed in different degrees of pathogenicity, and was sometimes highly specific to pea, dwarf bean of field bean, depending on the cropping history of the field.A. euteiches was specific to peas, whereasT. basicola showed some degree of physiological specialization. 相似文献
16.
M. A-M. Mahir M. Fortass L. Bos 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(4):237-252
A virus, isolated from faba bean (Vicia faba) obtained from Algeria, was readily recognized as a tobravirus by its particle sizes and morphology. Pea (Pisum sativum) and French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) characteristically reacted to the isolate like pea early-browning virus (PEBV), but faba bean,Antirrhinum majus, Nicotiana rustica, andN. tabacum reacted with line-pattern symptoms which were unusually brilliant on theNicotiana species. In electronmicroscope decoration tests, the isolate did not react with an antiserum to the Dutch type strain of PEBV, but with one to the broad bean yellow band (BBYB) serotype from Italy. It resembles this serotype in reaction on faba bean, but seems to differ appreciably onN. rustica, N. tabacum, andPetunia hybrida. It is described as a deviant isolate of the BBYB serotype of PEBV.All thirteen faba-bean genotypes tested were found to be susceptible to the Algerian isolate and two Dutch type strain isolates of the virus, and to react with erratic line-pattern symptoms to the Algerian isolate only. All ten genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) tested reacted hypersensitively, and four out of ten genotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris) were susceptible to the virus but reacted differentially to the three isolates. Seed transmission of PEBV, including the new isolate, in faba bean is confirmed (9% for the Algerian isolate, and over 45% for one of the Dutch type strain isolates), and seed transmission of the virus in a non-legume (N. rustica, 4%) is herewith first reported. This is the first report on the occurrence of the BBYB serotype of PEBV outside Italy, and of PEBV outside Morocco in North Africa. 相似文献
17.
为明确红颈常室茧蜂Peristenus spretus Chen et van Achterberg定位寄主绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum(Meyer-Dür)时利用的挥发性信息物质来源,利用Y型昆虫嗅觉仪测定了红颈常室茧蜂雌雄成虫对绿盲蝽3龄若虫及其为害寄主植物棉株以及雌性红颈常室茧蜂成虫、绿盲蝽成虫对苗期和花期的棉花、蓖麻的选择行为。结果表明,与干净空气(空白对照)相比,雌性红颈常室茧蜂对绿盲蝽3龄若虫、健康棉株的选择行为无显著差异,绿盲蝽3龄若虫为害的棉株对雌性红颈常室茧蜂具有显著的吸引作用,但在为害后去虫和未去虫处理间无显著差异;雄性红颈常室茧蜂对各处理均无明显的选择行为。与健康或为害后去虫的苗期棉花相比,雌性绿盲蝽成虫显著趋向花期蓖麻;而雌性红颈常室茧蜂只趋向于为害后的花期蓖麻。雌性红颈常室茧蜂对为害后去虫的花期棉花和花期蓖麻的选择行为显著高于相应的苗期植株。这表明雌性红颈常室茧蜂主要利用绿盲蝽若虫为害后寄主植物释放的挥发性信息物质来定位寄主绿盲蝽,且其对花期寄主植物的选择行为与绿盲蝽成虫具有一致性。 相似文献
18.
We examined the response of adzuki bean leaves to infection by Phytophthora vignae f. sp. adzukicola and determined whether inoculated leaves can be used to evaluate cultivar resistance. Detached adzuki bean leaves were inoculated
with zoospores, and the resulting symptoms were diagnosed. Resistant reactions were characterized by dark brown, speckled
lesions or a lack of symptoms, while susceptible reactions were characterized by water-soaked spreading lesions. In an inoculation
experiment using a combination of three differential cultivars and three races, the response of 10-day-old primary leaves
accurately differentiate between race-specific resistance and susceptibility of adzuki cultivars. 相似文献
19.
We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of RNA-1 and the 5-terminal region of RNA-2 from Broad bean wilt virus 1 (BBWV-1) isolate PV132. This report is the first analysis of the genome organization of BBWV-1. We also determined the complete nucleotide sequence of RNA-1 from Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV-2) isolate IP and analyzed the genetic relations between BBWV-1 and BBWV-2. Similar to the BBWV-2 isolates, both RNAs of PV132 encoded a single large polyprotein, which was predicted to contain some functional proteins in a manner similar to those of comovirus. With respect to the deduced amino acid sequences of the mature proteins, PV132 and IP had only 20%–40% homology to comovirus. On the other hand, IP was 73%–98% homologous to BBWV-2 isolates, but PV132 was 39%–67% homologous to the isolates. Although the extent of the homologies differed, the homologies were limited between BBWV-1 and BBWV-2 not only for the coat protein but also for the other proteins. These results clearly support the placement of BBWV-1 and BBWV-2 in the genus Fabavirus as distinct species, proposed on the basis of double immunodiffusion tests.The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession numbers AB084450 (RNA-1 of isolate PV132), AB084451 (RNA-2 of isolate PV132), and AB023484 (RNA-1 of isolate IP) 相似文献
20.
The species composition and seasonal cycle ofTetranychus urticae Koch (two-spotted spider mite) andEotetranychus uncatus Garman (garman spider mite; the two species were evaluated together),Amphitetranychus viennensis (Zacher) (hawthom red spider nite),Panonychus ulni (Koch) (European red mite),Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten) (brown mite) (Acari Tetranychidae),Cenopalpus pulcher Can and Fanz. (flat scarlet mite) (Tenuipalpidae) and their natural enemies (Phytoseiidae and Stigmaeidae family members)
were compared in two apple orchards during the years 2000 to 2002 in Tokat, Turkey. One orchard was pesticide-free, and the
other was sprayed. Surveys were carried out once a week from April to November and the differences in the dominant species
of spider mites and phytoseiid mites between the two orchards were recorded. In the sprayed orchard, the dominant phytophagous
mites wereA. vienensis andP. ulmi whereas in the unsprayed orchardE uncatus andC pulcher were abundant. It was found that the predatory mites were able to control spider mites in the unsprayed orchard, but the
population level was not adequate to control them in the sprayed orchard, presumably due to the excessive use of pesticides. 相似文献