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明确黄皮种质资源花粉的形态特征及种质间的亲缘关系,为确定黄皮种质资源的系统分类鉴定提供孢粉学依据。以来自福建省11个产地的33份黄皮种质花粉为试材,经固定、清洗、逐级脱水、干燥、喷金镀膜等处理,采用JSM-6380LV型扫描电子显微镜观察花粉的形态结构,分别选取有代表性的视野观察黄皮花粉群体(放大800倍)、花粉个体(放大3500倍)、花粉赤道面中部的外壁纹饰(放大8000倍)等方面的超微形态特征分别进行显微照相和相关指标测定,将试验所得的综合数据进行统计分析和聚类分析。试验结果表明,观察的黄皮花粉为近球形(0.88
相似文献
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本文选取7个泡核桃主栽品种,利用扫描电子显微镜在1300倍下观察花粉粒形态,9000倍观察萌发孔和外壁纹饰。结果表明,7种泡核桃品种均属单粒花粉,花粉形态一致,为近球形,表面布有萌发孔,外壁纹饰为颗粒状雕纹,与同科同属新疆栽培的普通核桃形态相似,与同科不同属的山核桃形态存在很大差异,且不同泡核桃品种间的花粉和萌发孔大小等存在显著差异或极显著差异,以此可作为泡核桃品种鉴定、划分和判断亲缘关系远近的依据。 相似文献
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野豌豆属牧草适宜在高寒和高海拔地区栽培,是我国高原牧区重要的蛋白饲料来源。该属有190个物种,4个亚属:Vicia,Cracca,Ervum和Faba。本研究从中国、美国、土耳其和叙利亚等11个国家收集了16份野豌豆属牧草种质,利用扫描电镜对这16份材料的花粉形态进行观察。结果表明,野豌豆属植物花粉均以单粒形式存在,极面观为三裂圆形和三角形,赤道面观为扁圆形、长椭圆形和椭圆形。三沟萌发孔,沟长深入两端;极轴长为(9.60±1.52)(30.40±2.07) μm,赤道轴长为(11.80±0.84)(38.20±0.84) μm。花粉的表面纹饰呈3种类型:网状纹饰,脑状纹饰和疣状纹饰。网状纹饰根据外壁纹饰疏松程度不同,又可分为2种亚类型:粗网状纹饰和细网状纹饰。本研究较为系统地观察了16个野豌豆属牧草的花粉形态,探讨了其系统分类学特性,为揭示野豌豆属种质资源的遗传多样性奠定了基础。 相似文献
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应用扫描电镜对卫星搭载的2个紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种的花粉显微结构进行了观察研究.结果表明:花粉为长球形和近球形2种,赤道面观为椭圆形,极面观为三裂圆形,具3(拟)孔沟,沟为条形,狭缝状,沟长至两极,孔处有外突或无;花粉外壁纹饰为穴状、粗糙状、网状3种;花粉的外壁纹饰不同品种间以及同一品种的不同处理间均有差异.这2个紫花苜蓿品种的花粉形状、大小和外壁纹饰与地面对照对应品种的花粉存在显著差异(P＜0.05),表明空间飞行因子可导致花粉发育异常及可遗传突变等诱变效应.卫星搭载的2个品种存在花粉败育,不同品种间败育花粉数量存在差异.败育花粉粒形状干瘪,外形异常. 相似文献
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以内蒙古特有乡土沙生植物乌丹蒿（Artemisia wudanica）为研究对象,采用扫描电镜（Scanning Electron Microscopy,SEM）技术,对其花粉形态进行了详细的观察描述,探索其花粉形态的二型性特点,完善其花粉形态细微特征。结果表明：乌丹蒿花粉粒有长球形和圆球形之分,花粉形态存在明显的二型性特征。长球形花粉赤道面观为椭圆形,极面观为三裂片圆形;大小平均为：23.28 μm×13.73 μm;萌发器官为3孔沟类型;表面纹饰为刺状-颗粒状复合纹饰。圆球形花粉赤道面为圆球形;极面为三裂圆形;萌发器官也是3孔沟类型;大小平均为：14.85 μm×13.80 μm;表面纹饰亦为刺状-颗粒状复合纹饰。除花粉粒的大小、极轴与赤道轴的比值（Polar axis/Equatorial axis,P/E）不同外,两种类型的花粉总体形态特征基本一致;细微性状主要差异表现在表面纹饰中刺的大小及刺与颗粒的排列密度等方面。 相似文献
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本文利用光镜和扫描电镜以内蒙古地区分布的蒺藜科（Zygophyllaceae)中的5属7种植物的花粉形态作了观察,结果表明,该科植物的花粉粒以长球形,圆球形为主,属中等大小,萌发器官多为3孔沟,外壁表面纹饰以网状,条纹状最为常见,同时,观察结果还表明,蒺藜科不同属的植物花粉形态差异显著,而同属不同种间差异则较小,本文认为花粉形态特征在该科植物分类上具有重要的参考价值,尤其可作为属间的分类依据。 相似文献
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利用扫描电镜和光学显微镜对我国岩黄耆属21种植物的花粉形态作了系统观测。结果表明,21种岩黄耆属植物的花粉为长球形,大多具3沟,少数为3拟孔沟,沟长达两极,极面观三裂圆形,赤道面观长球形,沟膜外突或不外突,极轴长15.6～30.25μm,赤道轴长9.0～19.5μm,极轴/赤道轴为1.28～1.85,大小为22.16μm(18.03～27.55μm)×14.32μm(12.13～18.76μm),表面具穿孔状、网穴状、拟网状和网状纹饰。岩黄耆属植物花粉的大小、沟膜和外壁纹饰变异较大,这种变异与该属植物的生态地理分布有关。同时,结果显示岩黄耆属与藏豆属较驴食草属更为近缘,但对其系统位置及亲缘关系的确立,还需要更多的资料和证据。 相似文献
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37个早熟禾品种的花粉形态及其分类学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨花粉形态特征在早熟禾(Poa L.)品种分类上的意义,用扫描电镜对‘巴林’、‘巴润’、‘肯塔基’等37个早熟禾品种的花粉进行观察,比较不同品种的花粉外壁纹饰、形状、极轴和赤道轴长度、极轴与赤道轴比值、花粉孔径大小等花粉形态特征。结果表明:所有品种的花粉形状均为近球形或圆球形,具有1个萌发孔,但是不同品种的花粉大小和表面纹饰特征均存在显著差异(P<0.05),按纹饰特征可将37个品种分为粗糙型、颗粒型、瘤状型和皱波状型4大类型,其演化趋势为粗糙型→颗粒型、瘤状型→皱波状型,皱波状型花粉纹饰品种最进化。利用DPS数据处理系统对花粉大小进行孢粉学聚类分析,也可将37个早熟禾品种分为4大类群,通过演化趋势分析得知2种分类方法基本一致,可为早熟禾品种分类提供依据,为新品种的选育提供指导。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
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Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664