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1.
疑似草鱼嗜水气单胞菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
试验对疑似嗜水气单胞菌草鱼的肝脏、脾脏、肾脏组织进行嗜水气单胞菌的分离鉴定。通过普通营养琼脂、胰蛋白大豆琼脂及生化试剂等的分离培养与生化鉴定后,获得3株细菌;16S rRNA通用引物检测3株细菌的基因序列比对确定菌株后,对确定的草鱼嗜水气单胞菌进行回归试验确认其致病性,然后采用临床上常用的阿奇霉素、阿米卡星、链霉素等10种抗生素进行药敏试验。结果表明,经过分离培养、生化鉴定及16S rRNA通用引物鉴定后确定3种菌株分别为嗜水气单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和腐败斯瓦尼菌,确定的嗜水气单胞菌回归试验证明其具有致病性;药敏试验显示阿奇霉素对腐败斯瓦尼菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌敏感,其抑菌直径分别为105、95 mm,阿米卡星对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌和腐败斯瓦尼菌这3种菌都较敏感,抑菌直径分别为105、95和93 mm。结果表明,疑似为嗜水气单胞菌病的草鱼有3种细菌感染,其中鉴定的嗜水气单胞菌是致病菌,常用抗生素阿米卡星对3种菌都有抑制作用,而仅对腐败斯瓦尼菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌敏感的是阿奇霉素。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2016,(5)
为鉴定一起引起滑鼠蛇死亡的致病菌,本研究对采集病理样品中分离菌进行了细菌形态学观察、生理生化特性测定、16S rDNA序列分析、耐药性测定及毒力相关基因检测。结果显示分离菌为嗜水气单胞菌。进化树分析表明该分离菌与来自中华鳖的嗜水气单胞菌N3株亲缘关系最近;药敏试验显示,分离菌株对强力霉素、庆大霉素、头孢呋辛等药物高度敏感,对四环素、阿奇霉素、链霉素等药物中敏,对头孢氨苄、青霉素、阿莫西林、林可霉素、万古霉素等药物完全耐药,表明该分离菌株具有多重耐药性;小鼠毒力试验和毒力相关基因检测显示,该菌含有的5种毒力相关基因为aer A、hly A、ahp A、ast及alt;并在3×108 cfu/0.3 mL的感染剂量下可致小鼠全部死亡。本研究结果表明引起此次蛇细菌感染的病原为嗜水气单胞菌,该菌的分离鉴定为其感染引起的传染病防治提供了实验依据。 相似文献
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为了了解野生麋鹿死亡原因及生活地区存在的病原菌,找出安全高效的药物,提高麋鹿存活率,对其生存地区疫病进行合理防控,试验采用细菌分离培养、显微镜检、PCR扩增、16S rRNA基因测序鉴定,并通过细菌耐药性试验对2016年8月份湖北石首市野生麋鹿自然保护区随机采集的10份麋鹿粪便样本进行了研究。结果表明:从该批粪便样本中分离得到6株大肠杆菌、1株嗜水气单胞菌和1株变形假单胞菌。6株大肠杆菌和1株嗜水气单胞菌对庆大霉素、链霉素、环丙沙星、新霉素、恩诺沙星、阿奇霉素、头孢拉定、头孢曲松、丁胺卡那、氟苯尼考、诺氟沙星均敏感;嗜水气单胞菌对氨苄西林耐药;6株大肠杆菌对氨苄西林的敏感率为0,中介率为50%,耐药率为50%。大肠杆菌和嗜水气单胞菌都有一定程度的致病性。 相似文献
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西伯利亚鲟致病性嗜水气单胞菌的分离鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为分离鉴定引起四川省绵阳市水箱养殖的西伯利亚鲟患病及死亡的病原菌,本研究从患病西伯利亚鲟脾脏组织分离纯化得到一株病原菌,命名为XYCY-1。对其进行了形态特征、理化特性等生物学表型检验、感染回归试验、16S rRNA基因进化分析、病理观察及药敏试验。结果显示,该菌属于嗜水气单胞菌;人工感染试验显示该分离菌对西伯利亚鲟鱼具有致病性,实验鱼发病和死亡症状与自然发病鱼基本相同。表明嗜水气单胞菌是此次鲟鱼发病的病原;分离菌株对头孢西丁、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、强力霉素、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星、新霉素7种药物敏感,对氨苄青霉素、四环素、洛美沙星等13种药物耐药。本研究对四川绵阳地区鲟鱼发病流行的病因作出了准确诊断,为该地区鱼病预防和合理用药提供了依据。 相似文献
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南京地区池塘水中嗜水气单胞菌的分离鉴定与相关毒力基因检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
嗜水气单胞菌在自然界广泛存在,是一种典型的人-兽-鱼共患病病原菌。本研究收集南京市多处湖泊池塘水样,采用增菌、平板分离培养、生化试验和种特异性16S rRNA基因扩增等进行嗜水气单胞菌的分离鉴定;采用PCR技术检测分离株毒力基因的分布,进一步通过动物试验确定是否为致病性菌株。结果,从28份水样中共检出嗜水气单胞菌7株,检出率达25%;其中致病性菌株4株,占被检嗜水气单胞菌总数的57.14%(4/7)。本研究有助于了解南京市水体环境中嗜水气单胞菌的污染情况,为进一步预防该菌所引起的相关疾病的发生和传播提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为探讨乌鳢体内嗜水气单胞菌携带情况,本调查以长春市售表观健康乌鳢为研究材料,从其体内分离并鉴定嗜水气单胞菌,并对分离株携带毒力基因情况进行调查,同时选取代表株进行致病性试验。结果显示:共分离嗜水气单胞菌107株,其中56%以上分离株携带3种以上毒力基因,88.79%(95/107)的分离株携带Lux S基因;致病性试验结果显示,携带毒力基因菌株对小鼠、斑马鱼均有一定致病性,随着菌株携带毒力基因种类的增多,致病力也相应增强。研究结果对研发食用乌鳢的公共卫生安全具有一定意义。 相似文献
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为确诊广西中医药大学瑶山亚种树鼩人工驯化养殖中心的瑶山亚种树鼩发病死亡原因,并调查分离菌株的致病性与耐药情况,试验通过平板划线分离获得病原菌,进一步对分离菌进行形态观察、培养特性、生化试验及16S rRNA序列分析,纯化获得一株致病性嗜水性气单胞菌;利用昆明小鼠的致病性试验测定了该分离菌株的半数致死量（LD50）,利用药敏纸片法分析该分离株对常用药物的敏感性,并应用PCR方法进行菌株耐药基因的检测。结果显示,从病死瑶山亚种树鼩分离到一株嗜水性气单胞菌,镜检显示为革兰氏阴性菌,形态呈短杆状。该菌16S rRNA序列与日本淡水湖源嗜水性气单胞菌SWCY-3.27株同源性高达100%,遗传进化关系最近。该分离菌对成年昆明小鼠的LD50为1×107 CFU,毒力高于模式菌株ATCC 7966,近似于中国流行株NJ-35和J-1等,致病性试验鉴定该菌为强毒力菌株。生化鉴定七叶苷、阿拉伯糖、氧化酶呈阳性,各种生化鉴定符合嗜水气单胞菌生化特性。药敏检测显示,该菌株对米诺环素、链霉素、妥布霉素等9种药物敏感,对四环素、红霉素、青霉素等10种药物耐药。以PCR扩增基因方法对分离菌进行6类12种耐药基因的检测,发现分离菌存在氨基糖苷类（Aph-（3）-lia）和β-内酰胺类（mecA）两类抗生素的耐药基因,与药敏试验结果基本吻合。本研究结果表明,引起此次树鼩死亡的病原菌为嗜水性气单胞菌,可用高敏药物进行针对性治疗,为防治嗜水性气单胞菌感染导致的树鼩疾病提供参考依据。 相似文献
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为了掌握黄沙鳖细菌性败血症的病原菌及其耐药性,以便为防治该病提供更准确的用药参考,以常规方法从武宣县和桂平市两个养殖区域患病濒死黄沙鳖的肝脏、心脏、脾脏和肾脏等组织中分离病原菌,人工感染试验确定病原菌的致病性,API 20NE生化系统和16S rRNA基因序列分析进行病原菌鉴定,K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。试验结果,从上述两地患病黄沙鳖中共分离到2株病原菌WXX-01、GPG-01,经鉴定均为嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila);基因相似性分析表明,WXX-01、GPG-01与嗜水气单胞菌广西株GXGG64的相似性分别为99.7%和99.4%;2株病原菌对药物的敏感性相差较大,来源于桂平市的GPG-01菌株耐药性比来源于武宣县的WXX-01菌株强,对2株病原菌都高度敏感的药物有舒普深、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、多粘菌素、左氟沙星、依若沙星、氧氟沙星、特治星、氟苯尼考、盐酸沙拉沙星、复方磺胺嘧啶等11种,青霉素G和氨苄青霉素对2株菌株都不敏感。 相似文献
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M.H.C. Aquino A.L.L. Filgueiras K.R.N. Santos M.C.S. Ferreira A. Tibana 《Research in veterinary science》2010,88(2):214-217
To compare the genotypes of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates of human and animal origin collected in Rio de Janeiro City, 30 C. jejuni and 35 C. coli isolates from animal sources (n = 45) and human patients with gastroenteritis (n = 20) were genotyped by PCR-based techniques, namely random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence (ERIC-PCR). RAPD-PCR identified 50 types and ERIC-PCR identified 22 genotypes, among the 65 Campylobacter isolates. Both PCR methods discriminated the C. jejuni and C. coli groups of isolates. Combining the results of both methods, no single genotype was shared between isolates from human and animal sources. Two groups of two C. coli isolates each with identical genotypes were found among poultry and pig isolates. A high level of genetic diversity observed among the Campylobacter isolates suggests lack of overlap between isolates from different sources. 相似文献
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为分析广东地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性及其系统进化背景,试验于2011年从患病猪分离出264株大肠杆菌,包括粪便源131株和肝源133株,采用琼脂稀释法测定18种抗菌药物的敏感性,多重PCR法确定系统进化关系,并对不同来源菌株的耐药性和系统进化背景进行分析比较。结果发现,大肠杆菌多重耐药现象严重,共存在128种耐药谱型。分离菌株对氨苄西林、复方新诺明、萘啶酸和四环素高度耐药,对黏菌素、头孢他啶和阿米卡星较敏感。种群进化分析结果表明,分离菌株主要分布在共生型的A组和B1组（91.66%）,且不同来源菌株的种群进化分布差异不显著(P＞0.05)。结合药敏试验结果发现,不同进化组别的分离菌株对特定抗菌药物的耐药性存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。通过对大肠杆菌耐药性及其系统发育群进行综合分析,为兽医临床用药提供依据。 相似文献
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Ebani VV Cerri D Fratini F Meille N Valentini P Andreani E 《Research in veterinary science》2005,78(2):117-121
From October 2001 to February 2002, the faecal samples of 305 reptiles (165 saurians, 99 ophidians and 41 chelonians) were bacteriologically examined to detect Salmonella enterica. S. enterica was isolated from 73 (23.93%) faecal samples including 44 (60.27%) samples collected from saurians, 15 (20.55%) from chelonians and 14 (19.18%) from ophidians; considering the number of samples taken for each reptile group, S. enterica was isolated from the 36.58% of chelonians, 26.66% of saurians and 14.14% of ophidians. The isolates were distributed among 38 serotypes. Sixty-nine (94.52%) isolates were resistant to erythromycin. About one-third of the isolates was resistant to sulfisoxazole (35.61%), gentamycin (32.88%), amoxycillin (31.51%) and ampicillin (27.40%). All but one of the isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol. A high percentages of isolates were sensitive to enrofloxacin (84.93%), nitrofurantoin (80.82%), trimethoprim (76.71%) and tetracycline (75.34%). 相似文献
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Intramammary infections are a serious problem for dairy sheep farms, and Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the main etiological agents of ovine mastitis. In this work, 131 S. epidermidis isolates, collected from 2201 dairy Sarda sheep belonging to 14 flocks with high somatic cell count scores, were studied. The flocks were located in diverse geographical areas of Sardinia, Italy. The aim of study was to assess the susceptibility of isolates to 13 antimicrobial agents, many of which are frequently used in mastitis therapy. Oxacillin was used for detecting methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) by disk diffusion test. Thirty-eight percent of the isolates (n = 50) were resistant to penicillin, 7.6% (n = 10) were resistant to tetracycline, and 2.3% (n = 3) were resistant to both penicillin and tetracycline (PTRSE). Two isolates were resistant to five antimicrobials including methicillin. Analysis of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements showed that both MRSE isolates harbored SCCmec type IVa. Based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing by SmaI macrorestriction, S. epidermidis isolates were grouped into four clusters at 75% similarity level. The two multi-drug resistant MRSE isolates displayed distinct PFGE patters. This study indicates that S. epidermidis isolates from sheep milk samples may accumulate resistance markers for different antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, the occurrence of PTRSE and MRSE suggests to adopt adequate hygienic measures when handling animals with intramammary infections, in order to prevent spreading PTRSE and MRSE strains to humans through direct contact and/or consumption of contaminated food. 相似文献
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Anders M. Bojesen Maria E. Vazquez Ragnhild J. Bager Dan Ifrah Carlos Gonzalez Frank M. Aarestrup 《Veterinary microbiology》2011
The present investigation was undertaken to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of a collection of 58 Gallibacterium isolates. All strains were tested by the broth dilution method using the veterinary fastidious medium. A total of 46 field strains were tested, whereof 23 were clinical isolates from 10 Mexican layer flocks and another 23 isolates originated from 13 clinically healthy poultry flocks in Denmark. In addition, 12 Gallibacterium reference strains that had been isolated some 30–40 years ago were included. 相似文献
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This study was undertaken to identify and characterize amino acid substitutions in gyrA and parC related with quinolone resistance of 27 nalidixic acid-resistant (NaR) Salmonella isolates collected in poultry slaughterhouses in Korea. A total of 51 Salmonella isolates were detected from 44.8% (47/105) of the total samples from 15 poultry slaughterhouses examined, among which 27 (52.9%) NaR isolates were detected while ciprofloxacin (Cip) resistance was not present in the isolates. These 27 NaR isolates of DNA sequencing revealed that it contained three types of gyrA mutations in only D87 codon. Mutations in the D87 codon resulted in substitutions to G in most of the isolates, but D87Y and D87N exchanges were also detected. Although Cip resistance was absent, reduced susceptibility characterized by mutations in gyrA was apparent among Salmonella isolates from poultry slaughterhouses in Korea. 相似文献
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A total of 22 Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) strains isolated from human and chicken were subjected to DNA fingerprinting by repetitive sequence PCR using ERIC and BOX primers, antibiotic resistance and plasmid patterns. Both ERIC and BOX PCR amplification data revealed a highly genetic homogeneity between isolates from human and chicken except one isolate, which originated from chicken and showed a different DNA band pattern from others. Eleven of 22 S. Enteritidis isolates (50%) were resistant to more than one antibiotics and characterized by 5 resistance patterns. The most common pattern was penicillin resistant (63.6%). Only one isolate from chicken showed a multiple drug resistance patterns to 4 antibiotics. All 22 S. Enteritidis isolates harbored more than two plasmids with eight different plasmid profiles including two to six plasmids with approximate molecular size ranging from 1.9 to 21 kb. A band of 15 kb size was detected in all isolates tested, however, the band sizes smaller than 15 kb were found only in isolates from chicken. 相似文献
18.
Ji Hyung Kim Dennis K. Gomez Toshihiro Nakai Se Chang Park 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2010,11(1):85-87
In order to evaluate the genetic variability of the causative agent of cold water disease (CWD), plasmid profiling was used to characterize Flavobacterium (F.) psychrophilum isolates (n = 169). Size analysis of plasmids in F. psychrophilum isolates (n = 128) from several fish species demonstrated that six kinds of plasmids were harbored, and ayu isolates had different profiles compared to other isolates. Moreover, multiple isolates (n = 41) from CWD outbreaks in 2002 to 2003 at a single ayu farm were examined to determine differences between isolates from successive outbreaks and showed different profiles by the sources of seedlings. 相似文献
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Nobukazu SAISHU Kazutaka MORIMOTO Hiroshi YAMASATO Hiroichi OZAKI Toshiyuki MURASE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1037-1042
Thirty-eight Aerococcus viridans isolates were obtained from milk from
478 cows with clinical mastitis in a farm during the periods between November 2011 and
February 2012, and between December 2012 and March 2013. Additional isolates were obtained
from processed manure (a mixture of composted manure, straw and hydrated lime) and bedding
materials. The processed manure was later used to cover the floor of the stalls in barns
as bedding materials. The temperatures recorded in the composted and processed manure were
not as high as those generally observed during satisfactory composting. To reveal the
association of A. viridans in manure-related products with intramammary
infection in cows, isolates were characterized by their DNA fragment patterns as
determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antimicrobial susceptibility
testing. Isolates obtained from milk, processed manure and bedding materials had identical
DNA fragment patterns. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined for 29 isolates from
milk, processed manure and bedding materials. Of these, 26 (89.7%) were resistant to
clindamycin, whereas virtually all the isolates were susceptible to 12 other
antimicrobials including cefalosporins that have been used to treat bovine mastitis in
Japan. In vitro, three A. viridans isolates from milk
and an isolate from processed manure survived for 3 hr in Good’s buffer (pH 9) at high
temperature (50°C). The results suggest that the processed manure and bedding materials in
this farm were possible sources of A. viridans that caused infection in
the cows with mastitis. 相似文献
20.
Arzu Funda Bagcigil Suvi Taponen Joanna Koort Bj?rn Bengtsson Anna-Liisa Myllyniemi Satu Py?r?l? 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):69