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青壳蛋鸡早期生长规律的观测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在相同的条件下,试验观测了青壳蛋鸡×青壳蛋鸡、青壳蛋鸡×海兰白、青壳蛋鸡×狼山鸡、青壳蛋鸡×泰和鸡四个组合的早期生长规律。试验结果表明:1~84日龄,生长速度由高到低的排列顺序为青壳蛋鸡×海兰白杂交组>青蛋鸡×狼山鸡杂交组>青壳蛋鸡×青壳蛋鸡组>青壳蛋鸡×泰和鸡的杂交组;饲料消耗的排列顺序为青壳蛋鸡×海兰白杂交组>青蛋鸡×狼山鸡杂交组>青壳蛋鸡×青壳蛋鸡>青壳蛋鸡×泰和鸡的杂交组;饲料利用率由高到低的排列顺序为青壳蛋鸡×海兰白杂交组>青蛋鸡×狼山鸡杂交组>青壳蛋鸡×青壳蛋鸡组;青壳蛋鸡早期的饲料消耗少,但生长速度和饲料转化比还需要进一步对其进行品种改良。 相似文献
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目前,蛋鸡的养殖技术不断更新,遗传对于蛋鸡羽毛的影响已经发生转变.所以在蛋鸡的养殖中,要科学的分析蛋鸡掉羽的主要原因,采取合理的预防措施进行解决.
1 蛋鸡掉羽的因素分析
1.1 营养因素
蛋鸡的羽毛生长需要一定的营养物质,如果出现掉羽现象,极有可能是因为羽毛缺乏营养物质.除此之外,在蛋鸡的日常饲料中如果缺乏营养,会造成蛋鸡的皮炎或者毛囊炎,使得蛋鸡啄自己的羽毛,出现掉羽现象.如果因为缺乏营养使得蛋鸡掉羽,与此同时会影响蛋鸡的产蛋率,如果饲料中缺乏锌,可导致蛋鸡羽毛变得很敏感,同时为了保障蛋鸡的采食量,饲料中的锌含量还不宜过高,否则蛋鸡会出现提前换羽的情况.其中钙的缺失不利于锌的吸收,导致蛋鸡掉羽.如果蛋鸡出现硒中毒的情况也会导致掉羽现象,会从蛋鸡的头循序渐进的发展到全身.维生素的缺失也会造成皮炎等情况致使蛋鸡掉羽,比如B族维生素的缺失都会使得蛋鸡掉羽.角蛋白是蛋鸡羽毛的主要物质,占有重要的比例,所以如果缺乏硫氨基酸会使得角蛋白的合成减少导致蛋鸡掉羽. 相似文献
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当前对于鸡蛋的需求逐渐增加,使得蛋鸡的养殖不断走向规模化.因此,在蛋鸡的养殖过程中,饲养员要重视蛋鸡的疾病预防工作,降低蛋鸡的死亡率,采用科学的方法养殖蛋鸡,不断提高蛋鸡的产蛋质量和效率.
1 蛋鸡疾病的简易诊断方法
在蛋鸡的养殖过程中,受各种原因的影响,不可避免的会产生疾病状况,对蛋鸡疾病的判断主要有以下几种方法:第一是可以观察蛋鸡的状态,在鸡群比较安静的条件下,可以观察蛋鸡有没有出现咳嗽、嗜睡、呻吟、气喘等情况发生,还可以在蛋鸡的行走过程中,观察蛋鸡的站姿与行走是否正常;第二是可以观察蛋鸡的采食状况,如果蛋鸡出现采食量下降的状况,除了其他客观原因的影响,可以检查蛋鸡是否出现疾病;第三是观察蛋鸡的产蛋量,如果蛋鸡产蛋量出现异常的变化,要考虑蛋鸡可能出现了疾病;第四是要对蛋鸡的产蛋质量进行考查,合格的鸡蛋蛋壳表面比较均匀粗糙,一般是白色或者褐色,一旦出现有软壳或者麻点或者厚度不均匀状况出现,说明蛋鸡出现了疾病状况,例如:出现畸形蛋说明是蛋鸡的输卵管出现了炎症,如果蛋壳比较薄说明蛋鸡缺少维生素,钙等营养物质;第五是要对蛋鸡的排泄物进行观察,正常情况下,蛋鸡的粪便是圆柱形或者条形的没有恶臭气味,如果蛋鸡的粪便出现不正常的状况,说明蛋鸡可能存在疾病.如果蛋鸡粪便颜色变成黄色或者黄绿色并且伴随着恶臭气味,说明蛋鸡可能患有霍乱等传染性疾病,要对蛋鸡进行科学的处理,防止疾病扩散. 相似文献
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节粮小型蛋鸡综合经济效益分析宁中华 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对节粮小型蛋鸡和普通高产蛋鸡的综合对比,分析节粮小型蛋鸡提高蛋鸡经济效益的原因,虽然小型蛋鸡比普通蛋鸡少产蛋1.5～2kg,但是由于其饲料转化率显著优于普通蛋鸡,所以综合经济效益明显高于普通蛋鸡,目前市场情况每只鸡可多获利近6.5元,只有鸡蛋和饲料的价格比达到6.25以上时,饲养普通蛋鸡才有优势.另外小型蛋鸡在鸡蛋品质、饲养密度、抗病力、培育鸡的成本等方面也优于普通蛋鸡,可以提高综合经济效益. 相似文献
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在蛋鸡生产中,产蛋率下降常常制约着蛋鸡生产性能,给蛋鸡养殖带来极大的经济损失.然而影响蛋鸡产蛋率下降的因素非常复杂,涉及到蛋鸡养殖过程中的方方面面,本文就结合生产实际,浅析影响蛋鸡产蛋率下降的因素,以便在蛋鸡养殖中加强饲养管理,并搞好疾病的预防和治疗,提高蛋鸡养殖的经济效益. 相似文献
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节粮小型蛋鸡综合经济效益分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对节粮小型蛋鸡和普通高产蛋鸡的综合对比 ,分析节粮小型蛋鸡提高蛋鸡经济效益的原因 ,虽然小型蛋鸡比普通蛋鸡少产蛋 1.5～ 2kg,但是由于其饲料转化率显著优于普通蛋鸡 ,所以综合经济效益明显高于普通蛋鸡 ,目前市场情况每只鸡可多获利近 6 .5元 ,只有鸡蛋和饲料的价格比达到 6 .2 5以上时 ,饲养普通蛋鸡才有优势。另外小型蛋鸡在鸡蛋品质、饲养密度、抗病力、培育鸡的成本等方面也优于普通蛋鸡 ,可以提高综合经济效益 相似文献
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蛋鸡热应激是蛋鸡养殖存在的突出问题,给蛋鸡养殖业带来了很大的损失。文章介绍了热应激对蛋鸡的危害以及通过营养调控降低蛋鸡热应激损伤,维持蛋鸡健康,提高生产性能的措施。 相似文献
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蛋鸡词养周期较长,一般可分为育雏期、育成期、产蛋期等阶段,其中产蛋期最长,也是蛋鸡养殖盈利的重要时期,现代高产蛋鸡产蛋期鸡只身体负荷大,如果词养技术跟不上会严重影响鸡只健康状况和生产性能。从现实看,蛋鸡从业者饲养管理水平参差不齐,即便是大型规模养殖场,精细化饲养也做得不到位,造成鸡只体况不佳、鸡蛋质量差、产蛋率低等问题,小、散户更为明显。本文结合生产实际,重点从词养、营养供给方面对高产蛋鸡产蛋期词养技术进行了总结归纳。 相似文献
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蛋鸡产蛋后期精准的营养调控可延缓蛋鸡的衰老,延长产蛋期,提高经济效益。本文从能量、蛋白质、维生素、矿物元素的营养需要等方面对蛋鸡产蛋后期的营养调控进行总结,以期能够对产蛋鸡后期的营养调控提供参考。
[关键词] 产蛋后期|营养|蛋壳质量|产蛋率 相似文献
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In an experiment using 2880 light hybrid pullets the effect of urea on laying performance has been assessed. Birds received one of three low‐protein rearing diets from 7–20 weeks of age. The control rearing diet, containing 11.5% crude protein, was compared with two diets containing 13.2% crude protein, one in which the protein was from conventional sources and the other containing 11.5% conventional protein and urea equivalent to 1.7% crude protein. At 20 weeks birds were allocated to one of two laying diets formulated to meet essential amino acid requirements. Half the birds from each rearing treatment received a low‐protein diet (14.7%) and the remaining birds received a 16.4% protein diet which included urea equivalent to 1.7% crude protein. Laying performance was recorded for the next 30 weeks.
Body weights of birds fed on the urea‐containing rearing diet were similar to those of birds fed on the control diet (1.22 kg) and less than those on the 13.2% protein diet (1.29 kg). Urea in the laying diet caused a 2% increase in egg production and tended to cause an improved food conversion efficiency. In contrast, a 3.5% less efficient food conversion was found during laying in birds which had received urea during rearing, compared with birds which had received the low‐protein rearing diet. Birds receiving the 13.2% protein diet, containing no urea, during rearing laid smaller eggs than birds fed on the 11.2% protein rearing diet. A high mortality rate occurred during laying due to lymphoid leucosis but no differences between treatments were found. 相似文献
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选用体重和产蛋率相近的39周龄海赛白壳蛋鸡240只,随机分4组,每组6个重复,每重复10只鸡,分别在玉米-豆粕饲粮基础上添加0%、0.02%、0.04%、0.06%槲皮素饲喂蛋鸡,研究槲皮素对蛋品质的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,不同添加水平槲皮素对蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋清中蛋白质含量、蛋黄中粗脂肪含量及血清中胆固醇和血磷含量均无显著影响(P>0.05);0.04%和0.06%槲皮素组蛋壳厚度(P<0.01)、哈氏单位(P<0.01)、蛋黄总磷脂(P<0.01)及血清中总蛋白(P<0.05)和血钙(P<0.05)含量均显著提高;不同添加水平槲皮素对蛋黄颜色影响均极显著(P<0.01);0.04%槲皮素组蛋黄中蛋白质含量显著提高(P<0.05);0.06%槲皮素组蛋黄中胆固醇含量极显著降低(P<0.01),但与其他两个添加水平组无显著差异(P>0.05);0.06%槲皮素组血清中尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05);0.04%槲皮素组血清中尿酸含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,槲皮素可有效改善蛋鸡产蛋后期的蛋品质,其最适添加水平为0.04%。 相似文献
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为了研究甪里艾叶粉对蛋鸡产蛋性能与蛋品质的影响,试验选用50周龄健康状况良好、生产性能相近的海兰褐蛋鸡288只,随机分为四组,一个对照组,三个试验组,各组甪里艾叶粉分别添加0、1%、2%、3%,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡,预试期为7 d,试验时间为42 d。结果显示:(1)甪里艾叶粉对产蛋性能的影响:试验各组的平均日产蛋重均高于对照组(P0.05),分别提高了2.62%、3.58%、2.41%;随着艾叶粉添加量的增加,平均日采食量显著减少(P0.05),分别减少了2.76%、3.29%、3.62%;试验各组料重比均显著低于对照组(P0.05),分别降低了5.10%、6.63%、5.61%;随着甪里艾叶粉添加量的增加,产蛋率分别提高了2.85%(P0.05)、3.99%(P0.01)、5.93%(P0.01)。试验各组的蛋重与对照组均无显著差异(P0.05)。(2)甪里艾叶粉对蛋品质的影响:甪里艾叶粉可显著提高蛋的比重(P0.05),其中添加量为2%时差异极显著(P0.01)。各组间的蛋形指数、哈氏单位、蛋黄颜色差异均不显著(P0.05)。但试验各组的蛋白高度分别提高了8.92%(P0.05)、11.29%(P0.05)、10.21%(P0.05),哈氏单位则相应提高了4.51%、5.67%、5.69%。各组间的蛋壳指标差异不显著(P0.05)。试验各组的蛋白比率、蛋黄比率差异不显著(P0.05),随着甪里艾叶粉添加量的增加,蛋壳比率逐渐降低,其中添加2%和3%的甪里艾叶粉可显著降低蛋壳比率(P0.05)。甪里艾叶粉可以改善海兰褐蛋鸡的产蛋性能,蛋的比重和蛋白高度显著提高,蛋壳比率呈降低的趋势。 相似文献
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目前处理慢性肠炎的方法,是在不知病因的情况下通过增强母鸡的抵抗力和提高其康复率来控制疾病.这是荷兰两位家禽疾病研究人员的结论. 相似文献
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1. Videotapes of hens under various conditions were used to measure the amount of space used by hens performing common behaviour patterns.
2. When turning, hens used 540 to 1006 cm2, when stretching wings 653 to 1118 cm2, when wing flapping 860 to 1980 cm2, when feather ruffling 676 to 1604 cm2, when preening 814 to 1270 cm2 and when ground scratching 540 to 1005 cm2.
3. All these measurements are above the 450 cm2 bird recommended as the minimum space allowance by current EC regulations, which therefore do not ensure adequate hen welfare. 相似文献
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Ultraviolet radiation and laying pullets 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
1. Responses to ultraviolet (UV) radiation were studied in two trials. In one trial, sexually mature pullets, that had been maintained on an 8L:16D regimen from 2 d of age, were exposed sequentially, for periods of 9 to 12 d, to a further 8 h of very dim visible light (VDV), to 8 h of UV radiation and, finally, to an extra 8 h of normal light (conventional 16L:8D). Individual ovipositions were recorded during the last 48 h of each treatment. In the second trial, sexually mature pullets which had been allowed to 'free-run' for 14 d under continuous normal illumination (LL), were given, in addition to the normal light, a 12-h period of UV radiation commencing at midday or midnight for a further 15 d. During the final 48 h oviposition times were recorded and 4 food intakes for each 12-h period were determined. 2. In trial 1, mean oviposition time under VDV and UV supplementation was not significantly different from that under the 8L:16D regimen. Transfer to a 16L:8D regimen altered mean time of oviposition by about 4 h. In trial 2, eggs continued to be laid almost at random in all groups. 3. Food intake was suppressed during the 12-h period of UV supplementation compared with that when the birds were not receiving UV. 4. It is concluded that the addition of 8 h of UV radiation (at the intensity used in these studies) to 8 h of normal light does not cause a phase shift in the timing of the 'open-period' for pre-ovulatory luteinising hormone release which determines the time of oviposition. Furthermore, the insertion of 12-h periods of UV into continuous illumination does not entrain egg laying. 5. The suppressing effect of UV on food intake but lack of influence on the timing of the ovulatory cycle suggests that UV (at the intensity used in this study) acts principally at the retinal level and, as a result, stimulates only behavioural responses in laying birds. 相似文献