共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
玉米种质资源亲缘关系的分子标记鉴定及其耐盐性评价 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为鉴定10份玉米材料的亲缘关系,测试其耐盐性强弱并初步探讨玉米耐盐的生理机制,采用20对SSR引物对10份玉米材料的DNA进行PCR扩增,采用NJ法进行聚类分析,构建亲缘关系图;同时分别配置浓度为0、100、200、300 mmol/L的NaCl溶液,对幼苗进行盐胁迫实验,并测定株高作为耐盐性的指标;7次盐处理后,对抗氧化物酶包括超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性进行了鉴定。根据分子标记的结果初步鉴定出了10个玉米材料间的亲缘关系,10份材料的遗传相似系数变化范围为0.54-0.71。结合株高和酶活的测定结果筛选出了耐盐性较强的玉米材料5份,分别为‘先玉335’、‘郑单958’、LH214、83IBI4和LH204。研究结果对于玉米耐盐育种的亲本组合选配具有一定意义。 相似文献
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陆地棉耐盐性状与SSR分子标记的关联分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本研究以134份陆地棉栽培种为试验材料,测定其在0.3%盐浓度(质量分数)下的出苗率,并使用74对SSR引物对这些材料进行基因组变异扫描。利用Structure2.3.4软件分析该自然群体的遗传结构,在此基础上采用Tassel2.1软件对耐盐性状与SSR分子标记进行关联分析,寻找与棉花耐盐性状相关的分子标记。研究结果表明:(1)134份陆地棉栽培种的出苗率呈极显著差异,并筛选出27个盐敏感材料和10个耐盐材料。(2)74个SSR分子标记共检测出148个多态性位点,涉及246个等位变异,变异范围为2~7,平均每个标记3.32个;基因多样性指数变异范围为0.0295~0.4959,平均值为0.2897;SSR分子标记多态性信息含量(PIC)变幅为0.0290~0.3729,平均值为0.2381。(3)通过群体结构分析,将该自然群体划分2个亚群体,分别包含89份和45份材料。(4)关联分析共发现8个与棉花耐盐性状相关的SSR分子标记位点,表型变异解释率变幅为2.91%~7.82%,平均值为4.32%。此研究结果可以为棉花耐盐性状分子标记辅助选择育种提供参考。 相似文献
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棉花耐盐性的SSR标记研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
针对两个典型的棉花耐盐材料(中07和中棉所35)和两个典型的盐敏感材料(新研96-48和中棉所12),开展了寻找与棉花耐盐有关的SSR标记的研究。利用3528对引物,最终筛选出274对引物在4个材料间具有SSR多态性。其中,有10对引物Y01、Y02、Y03、Y04、Y05、Y06、Y07、Y08、Y09、Y10在耐盐性不同的材料中扩增出差异性片段。扩增图谱显示,同一引物在耐盐的中07和中棉所35中扩出的片段与盐敏感的新研96-48和中棉所12扩出的片段不同。初步研究结果认为,这10对引物有望成为鉴定棉花耐盐性的标准引物,从而将耐盐材料与盐敏感材料从分子角度鉴别开来,为棉花耐盐性分子鉴定等研究提供参考。 相似文献
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种子萌发期是对盐分较敏感的时期,测定不同盐浓度胁迫下的棉花种子发芽情况是筛选棉花耐盐种质的重要依据之一。本研究对629份棉花种质资源进行0、150mmolL–1 NaCl处理,对鲜重、发芽势等6个性状的耐盐系数进行差异分析,结果显示盐胁迫下各个性状较对照均存在显著差异;使用主成分分析、隶属函数分析对棉花种质耐盐性进行综合评价;对综合评价值D值进行聚类分析,根据D值的大小将629份种质资源分成5类:188份耐盐中间型材料、376份耐盐型材料、36份高耐盐型材料、28份盐敏感型材料、1份高盐敏感型材料;通过逐步回归分析建立棉花萌发期耐盐性评价预测模型:D=0.277RFW+0.29RGP+0.189RPL+0.387RGR-0.32 (R2=0.992),筛选出鲜重、下胚轴长、发芽势和发芽率4个指标可作为棉花萌发期耐盐性鉴定的指标。本研究建立了一套精准、高效的耐盐性鉴定体系,筛选到36份高耐盐材料和1份高敏感材料,为棉花耐盐机制研究和培育耐盐新品种提供参考。 相似文献
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玉米是中国主要粮食作物之一,培育耐盐玉米品种可以有效地保持其在盐渍土壤条件下的产量稳定性。本研究通过主成分分析法(PCA)对69份玉米自交系进行耐盐性鉴定和评价,并从中选取耐盐和盐敏感材料各10份,并以上述20份自交系为试验材料,从本实验室构建的郑58/昌7-2连锁图谱第5连锁群的24个SSR引物中。通过各位点等位变异耐盐性的方差分析,检测到4个耐盐相关的SSR标记(umc1416,umc1349,umc2295和umc1686)。研究结果可为分子标记辅助耐盐鉴定、创制优异耐盐育种材料提供分子水平上的依据。 相似文献
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苜蓿耐盐基因分子标记的筛选 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以耐盐苜蓿×敏盐苜蓿组合的F2群体为试验材料,利用改良BSA法筛选与苜蓿耐盐基因紧密连锁的分子标记.在对26组520条RAPD随机引物筛选中,共有66条引物为DNA多态性引物,选出一个与苜蓿耐盐基因相连锁的分子遗传标记.通过F2代群体的遗传分析,观测到分子标记与耐盐性等位基因之间发生重组,但重组值较小,在A8×D2杂交组合中,重组率为2.27%;在A5×D1杂交组合中,重组率为4.03%.这些结果表明,这一显性标记与苜蓿的耐盐基因座位连锁程度较为紧密.用国外登记的耐盐苜蓿种质及相对敏盐种质单株对获得的耐盐标记进行验证,85%耐盐种质材料AZ-90NDC-ST的单株DNA都扩增出1个约1 400bp的DNA片段;75%敏盐种质材料AZ-88NDC的单株DNA未能扩增出此片段. 相似文献
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苹果砧木耐盐性基因SRAP标记的鉴定及序列分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
筛选苹果砧木耐盐相关的分子标记,为耐盐品种选育的辅助选择提供理论依据。以西府海棠×S19杂交组合的F1为试材,采用BSA法,筛选与耐盐基因连锁的SRAP标记,通过144棵F1单株对标记进行分析验证,并对标记进行测序及序列分析。获得了4条与耐盐基因连锁的SRAP标记,验证分析表明,4条标记的分子鉴定结果与水培筛选结果的吻合率为81.94%~92.36%。序列分析表明,4条标记的序列全长为139~233 bp,Ⅰ序列与红叶石楠中编码ATP合酶β亚基有较高相似性,相似度为98%,其他序列分别可能与梨类受体蛋白激酶、苹果肌球蛋白及苹果UDP-糖基转移酶存在部分相似性。4条SRAP标记可用于苹果砧木耐盐性分子鉴定和耐盐基因克隆的研究。 相似文献
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为了完善玉米自交系萌发期耐盐性的鉴定评价标准,筛选耐盐性强的玉米种质资源,解析玉米自交系萌发期耐盐性遗传机制,为玉米萌发期耐盐性育种提供理论依据和技术支撑。对390份玉米自交系耐盐性相关的10个生理指标进行测定,利用主成分分析确定为5个综合指标,即7d发芽率、芽干重、芽鲜重、根干重和根长,可作为玉米萌发期耐盐性鉴定指标。根据隶属函数分析确定各材料的耐盐综合评价指数,并通过聚类分析将材料萌发期耐盐性分为6个等级,其中高度盐敏感型材料298份,中度盐敏感型材料49份,盐敏感型材料27份,耐盐型材料9份,中度耐盐型材料5份,高度耐盐型材料2份。 相似文献
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A. Sakina I. Ahmed A. Shahzad M. Iqbal M. Asif 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2016,202(1):25-36
Soil salinity is one of the major production constraints. Development and planting of salt‐tolerant varieties can reduce yield losses due to salinity. We screened 185 rice genotypes at germination stage in petri dishes under control, 50, 100 and 150 mm salt stress, and at seedling stage in Yoshida's hydroponic nutrient solution under control, 50 and 100 mm salt stress. At germination stage, 15 genotypes including Nona Bokra, Sonahri Kangni, 7421, 7423 and 7467, whereas at seedling stage, 28 genotypes including Nona Bokra, Jajai‐77, KSK‐133, KSK‐282, Fakhr‐e‐Malakand, Pakhal, IR‐6, Khushboo‐95, Shahkar and Shua‐92 were found salt tolerant. Basmati‐370, Mushkan, Homo‐46 and accessions 7436, 7437 and 7720 were sensitive to salinity at both germination and seedling stage. We further screened a subset of 33 salt‐tolerant and salt‐sensitive genotypes with SSR markers. Four SSR markers (RM19, RM171, RM172 and RM189) showed significant association with two or more of the studied traits under 50, 100 and 150 mm salt stress. These markers may be further tested for their potential in marker‐assisted selection. The salt‐tolerant genotypes identified in this study may prove useful in the development of salt‐tolerant rice varieties in adapted genetic background. 相似文献
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棉花不同类型品种苗期耐盐性差异研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
为比较鉴定转基因抗虫棉品种与普通陆地棉品种的耐盐性差异,指导耐盐抗虫棉品种选育,以双价抗虫棉品种SGK321和普通陆地棉品种‘石远321’(SY321)为材料,利用不同盐分含量砂培和土培试验研究它们苗期的耐盐相对指标和某些耐盐理化指标变化。结果表明,在盐(NaCl)胁迫下,SGK321棉苗叶片的丙二醛和Na+含量均高于SY321,而游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、类胡萝卜素、K+、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b含量、过氧化物酶活性、K+/Na+值、净光合速率及各项耐盐相对指标均低于SY321,耐盐综合指标低10.3%,差异显著。总体上,SGK321苗期的耐盐性明显低于SY321。表明选用耐盐性强的亲本并注重耐盐性选择是培育耐盐抗虫棉品种的有效途径。 相似文献
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Muhammad N. Sattar Muhammad Javed Syed B. Hussain Muhammad Babar Peng W. Chee Zafar Iqbal Muhammad Munir Sallah A. Al-Hashedi 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(2):247-257
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is a major threat to cotton production in Asia and Africa. Using marker-assisted breeding can be the best sustainable approach to tackle CLCuD. Identification of new QTLs in the indigenous cotton germplasm is necessary to combat CLCuD. The current study was designed to construct a genetic linkage map of bi-parental F2:F3 populations developed from highly tolerant MNH-886 and highly susceptible S-12 cotton cultivars. One hundred seven CLCuD-associated simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker alleles were identified as polymorphic and three new QTLs were found on chromosomes C11, C19 and C21. Two QTLs on chromosomes C11 and C19 were detected in both F2 and F3 populations in the region flanked by SSR markers CIR316 and BNL4094, and BNL285 and BNL3348, respectively. Whereas, one QTL on chromosome C21 was detected in the region flanked by SSR markers JESPR158 and JESPR135 in both F2 and F3 generations. The CLCuD-associated QTLs identified in this study can help fine-tune the molecular mapping of the QTLs on the cotton genome against CLCuD. 相似文献
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不同基因型陆地棉亲本及其杂交后代的耐盐性差异 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
以Bt抗虫棉选系抗96(父本)、普通陆地棉选系陆58(母本)及其杂交后代(F1、F2)为材料,利用不同盐分含量砂培和土培试验比较研究它们苗期的耐盐相对指标和某些耐盐理化指标变化。结果表明,随土壤盐浓度升高,棉花父、母本及其后代叶片内的K+含量均降低,而Na+含量均明显增加,K+/Na+显著变小,丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖和类胡萝卜素含量均不同程度增加,而净光合速率均降低。各品系的过氧化物酶活性均以0.23％NaCl处理较高,0.46％NaCl处理次之,对照最低。耐盐理化和综合指标皆以陆58最高、抗96最低、F1和F2介于其间。表明耐盐性以陆58最强、抗96最弱,F1和F2介于父母本之间,杂交后代的耐盐性受其亲本的限制。 相似文献
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盐渍和涝渍对棉苗生长和叶片某些生理性状的复合效应 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12
以陆地棉鲁棉研17和鲁棉研28为材料,以无盐正常供水为对照,研究了在盐渍、涝渍和盐涝复合胁迫14 d后棉苗干物质积累、叶片光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数和叶绿素含量等的变化。结果表明,盐渍、涝渍和盐涝复合胁迫都显著影响两个品种的光合速率和干物质积累。盐渍对棉苗的影响程度小于涝渍,而涝渍又小于盐涝复合胁迫,盐涝双重胁迫对棉苗生长和干物质积累的抑制表现出累加效应。盐渍胁迫下叶绿素含量的下降是光合作用受抑制的重要原因,而涝渍和盐涝胁迫下光合速率下降可能是叶绿体结构和PSⅡ稳定性的下降引起的。 相似文献
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Homozygous transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants that accumulated glycinebetaine (GB) in larger quantities were more tolerant to salt than wild-type (WT) plants.
Four transgenic lines, namely 1, 3, 4, and 5, accumulated significantly higher levels of GB than WT plants did both before
and after salt stress. At 175 and 275 mM NaCl, seeds of all the transgenic lines germinated earlier and recorded a higher
final germination percentage, and the seedlings grew better, than those of the WT. Under salt stress, all the lines showed
some characteristic features of salt tolerance, such as higher leaf relative water content (RWC), higher photosynthesis, better
osmotic adjustment (OA), lower percentage of ion leakage, and lower peroxidation of the lipid membrane. Levels of endogenous
GB in the transgenic plants were positively correlated with RWC and OA. The results indicate that GB in transgenic cotton
plants not only maintains the integrity of cell membranes but also alleviates osmotic stress caused by high salinity. Lastly,
the seed cotton yield of transgenic lines 4 and 5 was significantly higher than that of WT plants in saline soil. This research
indicates that betA gene has the potential to improve crop’s salt tolerance in areas where salinity is limiting factors for agricultural productivity. 相似文献
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Genetic variation in salt tolerance at the seedling stage in an interspecific backcross inbred line population of cultivated tetraploid cotton 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rashmi Sharma Tiwari Geno A. Picchioni Robert L. Steiner Don C. Jones S. E. Hughs Jinfa Zhang 《Euphytica》2013,194(1):1-11
Soil salinity reduces cotton growth, yield, and fiber quality and has become a serious problem in the arid southwestern region of the Unites States. Development and planting of salt-tolerant cultivars could ameliorate the deleterious effects. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic variation of salt tolerance and identify salt tolerant genotypes in a backcross inbred line (BIL) population of 142 lines from a cross of Upland (Gossypium hirsutum) × Pima cotton (G. barbadense) at the seedling growth stage. As compared with the non-saline (control) conditions, seedlings under the salinity stress (200 mM NaCl) showed a significant reduction in all the plant growth characteristics measured, as expected. Even though the two parents did not differ in salt response as measured by percent reduction, significant genotype variations in the BIL population were detected for all traits except for leaf number. Based on percent reduction of the traits measured, several BILs were more salt tolerant than both parents. The results indicate that transgressive segregation occurred during the process of backcrossing and selfing even though both parents were not salt tolerant during seedling growth. Coefficients of correlation between all the traits were significantly positive, indicating an association between the traits measured. The estimates of broad-sense heritability were 0.69, 0.46, 0.47, 0.43, and 0.49 for plant height, fresh weight of shoot and root, and dry weight of shoot and root, respectively, indicating that salt tolerance during cotton seedling growth is moderately heritable and environmental variation plays an equally important role. The overall results demonstrate that backcrossing followed by repeated self-pollination is a successful strategy to enhance salt tolerance at the seedling stage by transferring genetic factors from Pima to Upland cotton. 相似文献
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Differential salt sensitivity during growth stages and reproductive compensation of plants after salt stress relief are important factors for adopting appropriate irrigation strategies with saline waters. Consequently, recovery of cotton after exposure to different levels of salt stress was evaluated. An outdoor, sand culture experiment was conducted with cotton. Water salinities were 2, 10 and 20 dS m−1 , and the growth phases were vegetative (G1), reproductive (G2) and boll development (G3). G1 and G3 were the least and the most salt tolerant phases, respectively. The significant yield reduction in all of the saline water treatments as compared to control was mainly due to the reduction in number of bolls per plants. In general, cotton plants were capable of producing seed cotton under salt stress, as well as, after salt stress relief. However, as the salt stress severity increased the ability of cotton to compensate yield loss decreased. Irrigation of cotton at G1 stage with either moderate (10 dS m−1 ) or high (20 dS m−1 ) salinity waters should be avoided. Moderate saline water could be applied either at G2 or G3 stage. High salinity water can be used for irrigation only at G3 stage to produce acceptable cotton seed yield. 相似文献