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1.
用酶联免疫吸附受体法检测鱼类生长激素的生物活性 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
根据激素一受体反应的原理，结合酶联免疫吸附测定法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）和放射受体测定法（ＲＲＡ）的优点，应用我们纯化的Ａ昌鱼生长激素（ｇｃＧＨ）和大鳞大马哈鱼生长激素（ｓＧＨ）及其特异抗体，采用鱼类肝细胞膜受体制剂，首次建立了测定鱼类ＧＨ生物活性的酶联免疫吸附受体测定法（ＥＬＩＳＡ－ＲＡ）。此法检测草鱼ＧＨ的灵敏度达０．０６３￣０．１２５ｕｇ／ｍｌ，检测大马哈鱼ＧＨ与草鱼肝膜受体结合的灵敏度达０．２５ｕｇ 相似文献
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应用Dot_ELISA技术检测草鱼出血病病毒的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
报道了斑点免疫吸附ＥＬＩＳＡ（Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）快速检测草鱼出血病病毒（ＧＣＨＶ）的方法以及对提纯病毒、染毒细胞内病毒和病鱼组织的检测结果，并对该方法的灵敏度与ＳＰＡ－ＣｏＡ和常规ＥＬＩＳＡ法进行了系统的比较。结果表明，Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检出ＧＣＨＶ的最低含量为３ｐｇ，该灵敏度比ＳＰＡ－ＣｏＡ和常规ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别提高１０倍和２０倍，而且快速易行，是目前检测ＧＣＨＶ最为有效的方法，并可在草鱼出血病临床诊断和病毒疫苗质量鉴定等方面得到应用。 相似文献
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实现我国水产系统文献信息资源共享的探讨ＡＤＩＳＣＵＳＳＩＯＮＯＮＴＨＥＬＩＢＲＡＲＹＲＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＨＡＲＩＮＧＩＮＣＨＩＮＡＦＩＳＨＥＲＹＣＩＲＣＬＥＳ杨宁生（中国水产科学研究院渔业综合信息研究中心，北京１０００３９）ＹａｎｇＮｉｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ（... 相似文献
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草鱼出血病的快速ELISA诊断试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用快速间接ＥＬＩＳＡ测定草鱼出血病病的毒力及其免疫疫苗的效价，其方法简单易行，反应速度快，３０ｍｉｎ内出结果，比常规ＥＬＩＳＡ提高４倍，反应的稳定性和灵敏度性高，可从１／１００的未经提纯的毒液或疫苗中检出抗原。 相似文献
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CHANGES IN LIPIDS OF MUSSEL DURING STORAGE 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
ＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＩＮＬＩＰＩＤＳＯＦＭＵＳＳＥＬＤＵＲＩＮＧＳＴＯＲＡＧＥＸｕｅＣｈａｎｇｈｕ，ＷａｎｇＹｉｓｈｅｎｇ，ＬｉＺｈａｏｊｉｅ，ＬｏｕＷｅｉｆｅｎｇ（ＯｃａａｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＱｉｎｇｄａｏ２６６００３）ＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＩＮＬＩＰＩＤ... 相似文献
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鱼类摄饵促进物质与先进养鱼业 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
鱼类摄饵促进物质与先进养鱼业杨仕懋（贵州省安顺地区鱼种场，５６１０１８）关键词鱼，摄饵促进物质，先进养鱼业ＦＩＳＨＥＳＦＥＥＤＩＮＧＰＲＯＭＯＴＩＮＧＭＡＴＴＥＲＡＮＤＡＤＶＡＮＣＥＤＦＩＳＨＦＡＲＭＩＮＧ￥ＹａｎｇＳｈｉｍａｏ（ＡｎｓｈｕｎＰｒｅｆ... 相似文献
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L.O.E. Ebbesson B. Th. Björnsson S.O. Stefansson P. Ekström 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1998,19(4):305-314
Thyroid hormones transiently increase during parr-smolt transformation in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, and are believed to trigger morphological, physiological, behavioural, and neural changes. The effectiveness of propylthiouracil (PTU) to induce hypothyroidism in smolting coho salmon was determined by immersing coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, in 30 mg l–1 PTU from May 1, two weeks prior to the consistent annual total thyroxine (TT4) peak in mid-May, until the last sampling date. Plasma was obtained at two sampling dates from control and PTU -treated coho salmon: May 15, during the plasma TT4 peak; and May 26, after the TT4 peak. Radioimmunoassays were used to measure plasma TT4, total triiodothyronine (TT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and salmon growth hormone (sGH). The PTU -treatment inhibited the natural smoltification-related increases in plasma TT4, TT3 and GH levels compared with controls, but PTU-treatment did not affect these hormone levels when they were low. PTU -treatment increased FT4 and decreased TT3 and sGH levels in the May 26 sample. In the May 15 sample, FT4 levels were unaffected by PTU-treatment, whereas TT4 levels were decreased. These data demonstrate the ability of PTU to induce hypothyroidism in salmonids as shown by the decrease in TT4 and TT3. These data demonstrate that PTU treatment by immersion can induce hypothyroidism in salmonids as shown by: (1) the inhibition of the natural increases of TT4 and TT3; (2) the increase in FT4 levels corresponding to the lowered TT3 levels, suggesting an inhibition of thyroxine 5-monodeiodinase activity. We also show for the first time that PTU treatment can lower plasma GH levels in salmonids. This lowering of plasma GH level is associated with the decrease in TT3 levels and the increase in FT4 levels. The PTU induced lowering in GH levels may contribute to the observed changes in FT4 and TT3, since GH is known to increase thyroxine 5-monodeiodinase activity. 相似文献
12.
In saffron cod, Eleginus gracilis, the antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP) is present during the winter. The effects of salmon prolactin (sPRL) and growth hormone (sGH) on plasma osmolality, sodium concentration and protein content of the saffron cod were investigated. In the winter, plasma osmolality and protein content decreased following the intraperitoneal injection of sPRL (20 µg kg-1 day-1 × 3) but injection of the same dose of sGH had no effect on either plasma osmolality or protein content. In similar experiments performed during the summer, sPRL and sGH had no effect on these parameters. The results suggest that PRL may act on the kidney, possibly clearing antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP) by increasing glomerular filtration. The possible role of PRL and GH in the disappearance of AFGP during the summer are discussed. 相似文献
13.
Lumsden JS Russell S Huber P Wybourne BA Ostland VE Minamikawa M Ferguson HW 《Journal of fish diseases》2008,31(12):889-898
Chinook salmon from New Zealand were shown to have a generalized membranous glomerulonephritis that was most severe in large fish. Marked thickening of the glomerular basement membrane was the most consistent lesion, with the presence of an electron-dense deposit beneath the capillary endothelium.Severely affected glomeruli also had expansion of the mesangium and loss of capillaries,synechiae of the visceral and parietal epithelium and mild fibrosis of Bowmans capsule. Chinook salmon from British Columbia, Canada with bacterial kidney disease caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum had similar histological lesions. They also had thickened glomerular basement membranes that were recognized by rabbit antiserum to rainbow trout immunoglobulin. This was true only when frozen sections of kidney were used and not formalin-fixed tissue. An attempt to experimentally produce a glomerulopathy in rainbow trout by repeated immunization with killed R. salmoninarum was not successful. Case records from the Fish Pathology Laboratory at the University of Guelph over a 10-year period revealed that a range of species were diagnosed with glomerulopathies similar to those seen in Chinook salmon. The majority of these cases were determined to have chronic inflammatory disease. This report has identified the presence of immunoglobulin within thickened basement membranes of Chinook salmon with glomerulonephritis and supports the existence of type III hypersensitivity in fish. 相似文献
14.
Two isoforms of the full-length cDNA of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; ss) were cloned by a PCR approach using RACE. Respectively, the cDNA sequences of ssGHR isoforms 1 and 2 are 2654 and 2608 nucleotides long, with 1782 and 1773 nucleotide ORFs. The resulting coded proteins
are 594 and 590 aa long, with 19 and 20 aa signal peptides. The two isoforms share 86% protein and 87% cDNA sequence similarity.
Isoform 1 is most similar to other salmonid GHR isoforms 1 while isoform 2 is most similar to salmonid GHR isoforms 2 (93–95%).
Similarity with other teleost species was lower (37–44%). The bioactivity of the cloned ssGHR was tested by transfecting the ssGHR isoform 1 cDNA into CHO-K1 hamster cells, incubating with recombinant salmon GH (sGH) or native ovine prolactin (oPRL),
and measuring cell proliferation by the MTT assay. The ssGHR-transfected cells significantly increased proliferation when stimulated by sGH at all concentrations. oPRL stimulated
ssGHR-transfected cells at higher concentrations due to receptor cross reaction. ssGHR isoforms 1 and 2 contain a single transmembrane domain and the typical conserved motifs found in other teleost GHRs, including
four paired cysteine residues and five potential N-glycosylation sites in the extracellular domain, Box I and Box II, as well as seven potential tyrosine phosphorylation sites
in the intracellular domain. However, in salmonids, these motifs differ from those of other teleosts, and could be responsible
for differentiated hormone binding, signal transduction and response. 相似文献
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Pierre-Yves Le Bail Geneviève Boulard Bruno Barenton Michel Zygmunt 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1989,7(1-6):243-251
A method for the purification of chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) GH, which retains its biological activity, is described. The biological activity was investigated with an established radioreceptor
assay using liver membranes from pregnant rabbits and bovine GH as standard and labelled hormone. The enrichment of the preparation
was checked with electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Extraction and further steps were carried out using low molarity alkaline buffer
(pH 8–10, M = 100 mM). Three chromatography steps were performed (Concanavalin-A sepharose, Bio-gel P60, DEAE). Ion exchange
chromatography was performed under isocratic conditions (using a 50 cm column). Two isoforms (sGH1 and sGH2) were isolated.
The purification yield is 0.7% compared to lyophilized pituitaries. The molecule is homogeneous in SDS-PAGE. Contamination
by prolactin, gonadotrophin and corticotrophin is negligible (< 0.5%). It could be demonstrated that the biological activity
of the preparation is maintained since this preparation stimulates the growth of juvenile trout (Salmo gairdneri) and binds specifically (35%) to trout liver membranes. 相似文献
16.
We examined 1454 juvenile Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), captured in nearshore waters off the coasts of Washington and Oregon (USA) from 1999 to 2004 for infection by Renibacterium salmoninarum, Nanophyetus salmincola Chapin and skin metacercariae. The prevalence and intensities for each of these infections were established for both yearling and subyearling Chinook salmon. Two metrics of salmon growth, weight residuals and plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-1, were determined for salmon infected with these pathogens/parasites, both individually and in combination, with uninfected fish used for comparison. Yearling Chinook salmon infected with R. salmoninarum had significantly reduced weight residuals. Chinook salmon infected with skin metacercariae alone did not have significantly reduced growth metrics. Dual infections were not associated with significantly more severe effects on the growth metrics than single infections; the number of triple infections was very low and precluded statistical comparison. Overall, these data suggest that infections by these organisms can be associated with reduced juvenile Chinook salmon growth. Because growth in the first year at sea has been linked to survival for some stocks of Chinook salmon, the infections may therefore play a role in regulating these populations in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. 相似文献
17.
Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), is an important biological and cultural resource in Alaska, but knowledge about Chinook salmon ecology is limited in many regions. From 2009 to 2012, spawning distribution and abundance of a northern Chinook salmon population on the Togiak River in south‐west Alaska were assessed. Chinook salmon preferred deeper mainstem channel spawning habitat, with 12% (14 of 118 tags in 2009) to 21% (22 of 106 tags in 2012) of radio‐tagged fish spawning in smaller order tributaries. Tributary spawners tended to have earlier run timing than mainstem spawners. Chinook salmon exhibited extended holding and backout (entering freshwater but returning to saltwater before completing anadromous migration) behaviours near the mouth of Togiak River, potentially prolonging their exposure to fishery harvest. Mark–recapture total annual run estimates (2010–2012) ranged from 11 240 (2011) to 18 299 (2012) fish. Exploitation of Chinook salmon ranged from 36% (2012) to 55% (2011) during the study period, with incidental fishery catches near the mouth of the river comprising the largest source of harvest. 相似文献
18.
We examined the ability of salmon growth hormone (sGH) in sodium alginate (SA) gel to accelerate the somatic growth of juvenile
abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, by feeding. After the feeding of sGH at 50 μg or 100 μg in 350 mg SA gel, immunoreactivity to sGH in body fluid was maximal
after 12 h, and was still detectable at 24 h. No immunoreactivity was observed in the control group. Following the feeding
of sGH at 0.5 mg or 5 mg/8 g of SA gel at 7- and 14-day intervals, there was a greater increase in shell length and body weight
than in the control. In abalone, sGH can be transported from food into the circulatory system and subsequently improve somatic
growth. 相似文献
19.
Interannual variability in the feeding and condition of subyearling Chinook salmon off Oregon and Washington in relation to fluctuating ocean conditions 
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下载免费PDF全文 Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is one of several economically‐important species of salmon found in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. The first months at sea are believed to be the most critical for salmon survival, with the highest rate of mortality occurring during this period. In the present study, we examined interannual diet composition and body condition trends for late‐summer subyearling Chinook salmon caught off Oregon and Washington from 1998 to 2012. Interannual variability was observed in juvenile salmon diet composition by weight of prey consumed. Juvenile subyearling Chinook salmon were mainly piscivorous, with northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) being especially important, making up half the diet by weight in some years. Annual diets clustered into two groups, primarily defined by their proportion of invertebrate prey (14% versus 39% on average). Diet composition was found to influence adult returns, with salmon from high‐invertebrate years returning in significantly larger numbers 2–3 yrs later. However, years that had high adult returns had overall lower stomach fullness and poorer body condition as juveniles, a counterintuitive result potentially driven by the enhanced survival of less fit individuals in better ocean conditions (top‐down effect). Ocean conditions in years with a higher percentage of invertebrates in salmon diets were significantly cooler from May to August, and bottom‐up processes may have led to a fall plankton community with a larger proportion of invertebrates. Our results suggest that the plankton community assemblage during this first fall may be critical in predicting adult returns of Chinook salmon in the Pacific Northwest. 相似文献
20.
Shunsuke Moriyama Katsuo Tashiro Suehiro Furukawa Hiroshi Kawauchi 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(4):860-866
ABSTRACT: The ability of salmon growth hormone (sGH) to accelerate the somatic growth of juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai by immersion was examined. After immersion for one hour into a sGH-rich solution at a concentration of 30 mg/L, the sGH immunoreactivity in the body fluid of abalone was maximal after one day, and levels were still detectable at two days. No immunoreactivity was observed in the control group. Following immersion for one hour at one or two-week intervals for 120 weeks into the sGH-rich solution at 30 mg/L, the sGH-immersed abalone exhibited a significant increase in shell length and body weight. On the other hand, abalone immersed into a salmon prolactin (sPRL)-rich solution at 30 mg/L for one hour showed a lower increase in both shell length and body weight than the sGH-immersed abalone. No increases in shell length and body weight were observed in either the bovine serum albumin-immersed abalone or untreated controls. These results provide evidence that sGH can be transported from ambient water into the circulatory system of abalone, and can subsequently improve the somatic growth of juveniles. 相似文献